CN101637822B - Method of making powder metal parts using shock loading - Google Patents

Method of making powder metal parts using shock loading Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101637822B
CN101637822B CN2009101596980A CN200910159698A CN101637822B CN 101637822 B CN101637822 B CN 101637822B CN 2009101596980 A CN2009101596980 A CN 2009101596980A CN 200910159698 A CN200910159698 A CN 200910159698A CN 101637822 B CN101637822 B CN 101637822B
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mixture
titanium
sintering
compacting
mixtures
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CN101637822A (en
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Y·王
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
    • C22C1/0458—Alloys based on titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

Abstract

A method of preparing a titanium-based metal matrix composite component. The method includes combining a titanium alloy-based matrix and a titanium-based ceramic reinforcement to form one or more mixtures, placing the mixture or mixtures into a mold, compacting the mixture or mixtures by shock loading, and sintering the compacted mixture or mixtures. In one form, the various mixtures may include differing levels of reinforcement concentration. In this way, different portions of a component produced by the present method may be made up of different mixtures from other portions of the manufactured component, thereby facilitating tailored mechanical or related structural properties.

Description

Use and impact the method that loads the metal parts that makes powder
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to and uses powder metallurgy to produce the titanium based structures of enhancing, more specifically, relates to and makes the titanium alloy metal matrix composite materials matrix component that is used for automobile and other vehicle applications.
Background technology
Powder metallurgy (PM) is the important process of using during the member of automobile, steamer, aircraft is made.PM comprises typically metal dust is mixed with alloy material that it can be pressed into nearly end form shape, then under in check atmosphere sintering to form permanent metallurgical binding.Name is called the No.11/955 of U.S. Patent application formerly of " METHOD OF MAKING TITANIUM ALLOY BASED AND TiBREINFORCED COMPOSITE PARTS BY POWDER METALLURGYPROCESS "; 673 (after this being called ' 673 applications), disclosed the method for a kind of manufacturing PM titanium porcelain composite material component (for example engine link); This method comprises: through the titanium alloy substrate material being mixed with the ceramic base reinforcing material to form mixture; Suppress this mixture; This mixture that suppresses of sintering and closed die forging or phase transformation be densified, said ' and 673 applications are all had by applicant of the present invention and so by reference it are incorporated into.
Because titanium alloy has required architectural characteristic; For example high specific strength and superior corrosion resistance; So they are particularly suitable for automotive applications; This application comprises valve, seat ring, valve spring, the connecting rod in the engine, and the power train in car body and the chassis and semiaxis, bolt and securing member, spiral bearing spring and gas extraction system.Strengthen the architectural characteristic that body (for example reinforced particulate) can be used for promoting them, for example elastic modelling quantity (measuring of rigidity), wearability and hear resistance.Titanium diboride (TiB 2) particle is usually as this reinforced particulate, PM is that a kind of mode of practicing thrift cost of using is with TiB 2Realize the method that particle strengthens, but also can use other ceramic reinforcing materials, for example titanium carbide (TiC) or titanium nitride (TiN).
Yet, need more highdensity titanium base MMC member.Also need obtain the member of this raising density with shorter process cycle time and lower cost.
Summary of the invention
These need be satisfied by the present invention, wherein disclose the method and apparatus of the characteristic of discussing below combining.According to a first aspect of the invention, disclose the method for the hardware that makes powder, in one form, through the powder metallurgy manufacturing, and in form more specifically, parts load compacting through impacting to parts by Ti-6Al-4V/TiB MMC.Except shorter process time and lower cost, impact loading powder compaction (than traditional drawing method) and be not limited to small size and use.And, in briquetting, can keep the starting powder characteristic, alloy can be produced by unique component, can make nonstoichiometric composition and non-equilibrium structure.And the component density of formation often surpasses 99% near solid density.
Except above-mentioned mixing, compacting with the sintering operation, can take other optional steps.Member can for by titanium alloy substrate be dispersed in the TiB in the matrix 2The composite that enhanced granule is made.TiB 2In sintering process, react to produce TiB (like the enhanced granule among the MMC that makes) with element titanium, it is merely thermodynamically stable in titanium alloy.Sintering comprises material is heated to the temperature that is lower than its fusing point slightly, makes the different particle of the persursor material in the mixture adhere to each other through solid-state diffusion.Sintering can preferably carry out in check atmosphere to avoid oxidation and relevant the pollution.
Although person of skill in the art will appreciate that and can use multiple titanium matrix, some alloy shown and has been particularly suitable for structural elements, for example those members that in Aero-Space and automotive applications, run into.These comprise β titanium, α-2 titanium, γ titanium and combination thereof.The example that can be used for β titanium of the present invention comprise have about 6wt% aluminium and about 4wt% vanadium titanium (promptly; Be called Ti-6Al-4V among this paper or otherwise be called Ti 6-4); And has about 6wt% aluminium; About 2wt% tin, the approximately titanium (that is Ti 6-2-4-2) of 4wt% zirconium and about 2wt% molybdenum.The inventor finds Ti-6Al-4V based on relative abundance, and chemical compatibility is particularly useful with handling convenience in the manufacturing of the automobile component that composite strengthens.And, TiB 2Especially compatible enhancing body for the Ti-6Al-4V based composites.
In another was selected, member was the connecting rod that in aircraft, steamer, automobile and related internal combustion engine, uses.In this article, term " automobile " intention refers to not only car, but truck, motorcycle, bus and related transportation vehicles pattern.In the engine related application, high mechanical load and high temperature exist simultaneously.Other examples of automobile component (wherein this method and titanium base MMC can find advantageous application) comprising: valve, seat ring, valve spring, bolt, securing member, spiral bearing spring and gas extraction system.
In another is selected, one or more mixtures are put into mould comprise selectively the another kind of mixture is selectively put into the second area of mould simultaneously in a kind of first area of putting into mould of mixture.In this way; When mixture is pressed; Member part corresponding to the first area is almost all processed by first kind of mixture; And almost all process by second kind of mixture corresponding to the member part of second area, wherein will be understood that, two difference region are bridged to the transitional region that zone together mixes corresponding to the mixture with contiguous zone usually.In another is selected, impact the loading source and from the group of machinery (for example, the spring of compression), electric hydraulic pressure, electromagnetism, piezoelectricity and destructor formation, select.More specifically, destructor is selected from the group that blast impulse loads and electron gun impact loading constitutes.In another is selected, can process behind the sintering carrying out on the member.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the method for making titanium base MMC member is disclosed.This method comprises: in mould, limit a plurality of zones, arrange titanium alloy-based matrix and titanium-base ceramics strengthen body more than a kind of mixture, make every kind of mixture compare to have the ratio of different matrixes and enhancing body with other mixtures; First kind of mixture put into the first area; Second kind of mixture put into second area; In mould, load the various mixtures of compacting through impacting; From mould, remove this member of member and sintering.In the method, mould formalizes with the form of member substantially.In this article, term " substantially " refers to the layout of element or characteristic, and it is supposed to appear uniformity or behavior accurately in theory, and slightly inaccurate arranged when carrying out in practice.Like this, the such degree of this term, quantitative value, measured value or other correlation table indicating values can this degree change and the variation of the object basic function that can not cause being discussed from specified reference value.Impact to load effect as follows, during compacting, comprise first kind of mixture substantially corresponding to the member part of first area, and comprise second kind of mixture substantially corresponding to the member part of second area.
Alternatively, matrix can be a kind of in β titanium, α-2 titanium, γ titanium and the combination thereof.Likewise, strengthen body and comprise pottery, it is TiB under concrete condition 2In another is selected, carrying out operating for example processing behind the sintering on the member.In the concrete form of this method, the member of being made is a connecting rod.In more detailed form, first kind of multiple mixture comprises than second kind of wild phase concentration that mixture is lower.And, have lower structure or load requirement than shaft portion corresponding to the shaft portion of first kind of mixture corresponding to second kind of mixture.The example that this structure or loading require comprises the calculation of correlation of intensity, hardness and material or component load-bearing ability.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the method for making the titanium base MMC connecting rod that is used for internal combustion engine is disclosed.This method comprises: titanium alloy-based matrix and titanium-base ceramics are strengthened body be combined into multiple mixture, make every kind of mixture compare with other mixtures to have different matrixes and strengthen the ratio of body.This method further comprises: the first area of first kind of mixture being put into Piston Rods Die; Second mixture is put into the second area of Piston Rods Die; In Piston Rods Die, load pressing mixt through impacting; From mould, remove the multiple mixture that connecting rod and sintering suppress, form connecting rod in this way.
Alternatively, connecting rod comprises Ti-6Al-4V/TiB substantially 2MMC.In another is selected, impact to load and accomplish in response to moving of impulse source through compacting element (for example, piston), said impulse source is selected from the group of spring, electric hydraulic means, calutron, piezo-electric device and the destructor of compression and electron gun formation.Preferably, compacting operation takes place under height and high-pressure shocking wave in less than 1 second time, more specifically is part second, more specifically is less than 10 microseconds.
Description of drawings
Following being described in detail in when combining advantages of the present invention will be understood best, and wherein identical structure is with identical Reference numeral indication, and in the accompanying drawing: Fig. 1 shows the processing step flow chart of producing titanium base MMC member according to an aspect of the present invention; Fig. 2 shows the shock wave generating apparatus of the impact loading that is used to produce according to an aspect of the present invention; Fig. 3 shows the connecting rod of making according to an aspect of the present invention, comprises each separate areas, wherein can place different Ti B 2Concentration level; And Fig. 4 A to 4F shows different amount TiB 2Additive is to the influence of Ti-6Al-4V/TiB MMC microstructure.
The specific embodiment
At first, show the processing step flow chart of producing titanium base MMC member according to an aspect of the present invention with reference to Fig. 1.This technology comprises various composition powder 10A, the 10B mixing 10 to 10N (it is corresponding to processing the required material quantity of MMC).For example, if Ti-6Al-4V is main matrix material, composition powder 10A can comprise independent titanium, titantium hydride, aluminium vanadium, TiB to 10N 2And other powder.Person of skill in the art will appreciate that extra composition (for example binder, lubricant etc.) also can be included by in the mixture that mixes 10 generations, although this binder and lubricant are not necessarily.Can be after mixing 10 and grind and activation step 20, next carry out the mold closing compacting, then the parts processed with generation of sintering 40 through impacting loading 30.In sintering process, advantageously keep vacuum (for example, in 2 to 8 hours period, to keep about 10 -3Pa, time range is 3 to 6 hours more specifically) thus obtain 99% and more than solid density.It will be understood by those of skill in the art that longer sintering time can further improve the density behind the sintering.Also can adopt step behind the extra sintering, comprise processing 50.A plurality of examples of this processing 50 and associative operation are feasible, comprise deburring, surface pressurization shot-peening, multiple pressure etc.In addition, can adopt anti-oxidant step, for example through adding as Al under the situation of after sintering, using forge hot 2O 3, SiO 2And B 2O 3Such oxide or relevant coating.
Next with reference to Fig. 2, show with shock wave compaction apparatus 300 and realize impacting the loading representative manner of (also be called to impact compacting or impact to load and clash into).Shock wave can be produced by electric hydraulic pressure, electromagnetism, piezoelectricity and destructor.The electric hydraulic pressure initiation of shock wave produces more high energy flux density than electromagnetism and piezoelectricity variant.The blast initiation comprises that blast impulse loads and electron gun impacts loading; In the former, use high explosive, trinitrotoluene (TNT) for example, and in the latter, because thin metal foil blast or evaporation, the dielectric flight part that causes approaching quickens to the powder assembly.Electron gun uses the energy of original stored in the capacitor group to make the heating of thin metal (for example aluminium) paper tinsel and blast or the evaporation on folding transmission line thin layer through ohmic discharge.
Impact to load and be used for producing compact solid by precursor powder.Except above-mentioned Ti-6Al-4V metal dust and TiB 2Beyond the ceramic powders, impact loading the combination that can be used for compacting polymer powder or above powder.The powder that before causing shock wave, is in room temperature usually is moved the impact forward position compacting through packaged powder.Under the high speed and high-pressure shocking wave in unusual short time, produced high strain rate distortion, it is tending towards making material because the local big calorimetric that produces and plastic deformation.Transmit and heat dissipation because possibly there be time enough to pass through heat, this heat is owing to insulation effect even can melt particle surface partly.In impacting loading, shock wave can be used under high pressure and the very short time interior (for example, about a few microsecond) produces high-speed impact (several meters to the hundreds of metre per second (m/s)).Unlike traditional P M mode, it does not need binder.Like this, impact the benefit (for example, to 99% or higher) that loading has increases green component density.
Because the planar impact wave energy enough provides in check ripple and the maximum and compacting of following uniformly in the parts that are compacted is provided, so they are preferred.Explosive is ignited by detonator at the top of assembly, and this causes shock wave down to dash along the length of powder.The impact forward position that produces through detonation of explosives becomes solid form with packaged powder compaction.By impacting the forward position applied pressure generally than big several times of the shear stress that is pressed powder.This is because the densified of the plastic deformation that caused powder and briquetting of subsiding in the plastic flowing of material and room.Cause combining between adjacent particles by impacting particle that the forward position causes with friction, the heat of distortion and the high-speed impact of individual particle between the particle.Have highdensity briquetting (near solid density) and can use the manufacturing of blast drawing method.
The advantage (than traditional drawing method) of blast powder compaction comprises: this technology is not limited to small size and uses; In briquetting, can keep the starting powder characteristic; Alloy can be produced by unique component, can make nonstoichiometric composition and non-equilibrium structure, and density is near solid density.
Compaction apparatus 300 comprises impact shell 310, pumps in the chamber 330 that wherein compacting element (current form with piston 320 illustrates, but can have other forms) forms in shell 310.Top mould 340A and bottom mould 340B have the shape that matches; Make that when mould 340A and 340B are bonded with each other one or more the mixture that comprises powder 10A, 10B......10N is compacted into by mould 340A that matches and the specified shape of 340B.As stated, blast powder compaction (or other impact a kind of of load modes) can be used for giving the enough energy of piston 320 to force the mixture of powders that has between mould 340A and the 340B compacted.
Having several method produces shock wave and clashes into powder 10A, the 10B......10N of the compacting shape that places between mould 340A and the 340B to promote piston 320 and top mould 340A (they can form an assembly together).At first be through spring-piston type rifle (not shown), wherein through discharging the compressed coiled strip steel in the rifle, piston 320 is pushed forward.This occurred over just in one second time, and at this section time durations, the air between the assembly of being made up of piston 320 and top mould 340A has stood the thermal insulation heating to several Baidu in compression process.Powder is by the impact forward position compacting that moves through packaged powder.Under the high speed and high-pressure shocking wave in unusual short time, material is tending towards because the local big calorimetric that produces and plastic deformation.Transmit and heat dissipation because possibly there be time enough to pass through heat, this heat is because insulation effect even melting powder material partly.The plastic deformation of powder is caused by high strain rate distortion, and even can in ceramic material, take place.Shock wave under high pressure and in the very short time produces high-speed impact (10-1000m/s).The additive method that produces bump comprises electric hydraulic pressure, electromagnetism and piezoelectric approach, as stated.The impact forward position that produces through detonation of explosives becomes solid form with packaged powder compaction, by impacting the forward position applied pressure generally than big several times of the shear stress that is pressed powder.This has also caused plastic deformation and compacting densified of powder, and it is because flowing of material and subsiding of room under present case.Friction between particle and the particle, the heat of distortion and cause combining between adjacent particles by the high-speed impact that impacts the individual particle that the forward position causes.Have near the most highdensity briquetting of theory and can use the manufacturing of blast drawing method.Between powder and explosive, generally have metal level, this layer (it is what sacrifice) can be the plate by steel or other made.In another form, depend on part geometry, it can be the part of mould.
Whole impact loading process uses stroke, a mould and produces one or more parts.Yet, using the method except blast impulse loads, a plurality of strokes also are fine.In case member has passed through to impact and loaded, this member can be sintered with further its density and the intensity improved.For having 10wt%TiB 2The connecting rod of Ti-6Al-4V base, parts are heated 2 to 8 hours with the speed of 2 to 5 degrees celsius/minute in 1200 to 1450 degrees centigrade temperature range.Like this, average sintering temperature is about 1300 degrees centigrade, and typical sintering time is about 3 hours.Typical sintering vacuum is 10 -3In Pascal's scope.Longer sintering time can improve the density behind the sintering significantly.In sintering process, the microstructure that diffusion causes component gradient is at two different TiB 2Form between the composition range.Similar with other forms of powder metallurgy processed, can use cooling scheme, wherein behind the sintering with the compacting after member be cooled a plurality of hours.
Next with reference to Fig. 3, show connecting rod constructed in accordance 100.This bar 100 uses in automobile engine, the rotation motion of bent axle is changed to the linear reciprocal movement of piston as the Connection Element between piston and the bent axle (all not illustrating).The top 110 of connecting rod 100 is included in the increase end 115 that wherein has axle journal or bearing region 117; This axle journal or bearing region 117 hold the gudgeon pin bush (not shown); And bottom 120 is included in the bigger increase end 125 that wherein has axle journal or bearing region 127, and this axle journal or bearing region 127 hold the crankshaft bearing (not shown).Bolt 128 or associated fastener are fixed to bearing cap 129 and increase end 125, and this increase end 125 can comprise that the osculum (not shown) flows to piston to allow machine oil or relevant pressurizing and lubricating agent.Neck area 130 extends between end 115 and 125, and the two is linked together unitary construction substantially.Connecting rod 100 stands to draw greatly, pressure and bending stress, therefore its mechanical performance and processability is had specific (special) requirements.Neck area 130 should have very high hardness, drawn and the pressurized yield strength, and fatigue durability to be guaranteeing high-performance and durability degree, and the zones 117 and 127 in the outer casing end 115 and 125 need accurately to process separately.
In order to satisfy these various requirements, strengthen TiB 2Concentration can adapt to the concrete zone in the connecting rod 100.Especially, the non-at least necked part of neck area 130 and bottom section 120 can be by the wild phase made of higher concentration, for example, and 10wt%TiB 2Reinforced particulate.The hardness of having relatively high expectations when only relating to minimum process usually in these zones.Like this, their bigger concentration TiB that serves as reasons 2The good candidate zone of firmer, the harder MMC that particle produces.Though with lid 129 relevant parts by hanging down TiB 2Granule density is made, but thereby it can adopt the sacrificial metal bar to form bolt hole therein.Sacrifice (metal or nonmetal) axle and can be used for making required hole.The axle journal of the axle journal of top enclosure end 115 or bearing region 117 and bottom enclosure 125 or bearing region 127 can be made by low wild phase material concentration, for example, and the TiB between the 5wt% to 7wt% 2Reinforced particulate.Typically, axle journal or bearing need a large amount of processing, and the low TiB among the MMC 2Content is processed it more easily, has caused lower processing cost, and processing throughput and related tool life-span are enhanced.
To have different Ti B 2The mixed powder of composition is filled and can be realized through a plurality of steps to different mold area.In this mode, when being filled powder, other zones are blocked when each isolated area (for example zone 117,127 and 130).In this way, the enhancing body that can have a varying level of placement of the zones of different in the concrete member provides (tailored) characteristic of customization.After filling, the mold closing compacting can at room temperature be carried out to make compressed green body (that is, before the sintering) parts.
Through place specific T iB in the separate member position 2Concentration makes this custom design become possibility, and said custom design can be the mechanical property of connecting rod 100 and the optimization of processing characteristics provides greater flexibility.In being provided with of the mould that will make connecting rod 100, mould or related tool, because each zone 117,127 is compared the enhanced granule that has adopted variable concentrations with 130 with other parts of connecting rod 10, so their filler particles/substrate mixtures discriminably.In the member manufacture process, each transitional region will form between these have the separate areas of variable grain concentration; These zones can have gradient composition microstructure and gradient mechanical property.
The typical sizes that is used to make the ti powder of metallic matrix composition (MMC) precursor powder (for example Ti-6Al-4V) can be in 2 to 150 microns scope, and they are wide more a lot of than the size range in traditional powdered-metal compacting.Typical TiB 2Particle size and Al-V master alloy powder are all in 5 to 75 microns scope.Person of skill in the art will appreciate that several kinds of feasible methods that produce this powder.For example, ti powder can be made by known hydride dehydrogenating technology.
Next with reference to Fig. 4 A to 4F, show have 0,3,7,10,15,20wt%TiB 2The Ti-6Al-4V/TiB of wild phase 2Microstructure behind the MMC sintering.As visible, the crystallite dimension in the microstructure is along with TiB 2The increase of content and diminishing.Wild phase TiB (TiB wherein 2Become the TiB phase in the alloy) diminishing of increase and crystallite dimension be interpreted as the reason that tensile strength and yield strength and hardness increase.As shown in the table, percentage elongation is along with TiB 2The increase of content and reducing.
Kind Ultimate tensile strength MPa 0.2 yield strength MPa Percentage elongation % Young's modulus GPa
Ti-6Al-4V 1047-1132 1019-1090 10-16 95-108
Ti-6Al-4V+3wt.％TiB2 1180-1230 1080-1120 11-13 118-129
TiB 2Good enhancing body for the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy.Like this, than the Ti-6Al-4V alloy of non-enhancing, Ti-6Al-4V MMC has higher intensity and elastic modelling quantity.For example, the elastic modelling quantity of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy of enhancing surpasses 140GPa, and is that the Ti-6Al-4V of the non-enhancing of 100GPa compares with the average elasticity modulus, and the elastic modelling quantity of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy of enhancing can reach more than the 155GPa.The ultimate tensile strength of the Ti-6Al-4V that strengthens surpasses 1350MPa (average out to 1450MPa), significantly greater than the limit in mean tensile strength 1100MPa of the Ti-6Al-4V of non-enhancing.Than 0.2% yield strength (average out to 1050MPa) of the Ti-6Al-4V of non-enhancing, 0.2% yield strength of the Ti-6Al-4V of enhancing surpasses 1250MPa (average out to 1300MPa).The Rockwell hardness of the Ti-6Al-4V that strengthens is higher than 43.
Although, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that under situation about not breaking away from, can produce various variations in the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims in order to explain that the object of the invention shows some representational embodiment and details.

Claims (15)

1. a large amount of method of making titanium-based metal matrix composite members, said method comprises:
Titanium alloy-based matrix and titanium-base ceramics are strengthened the body combination to form at least the first kind of mixture and second kind of mixture; Said first kind of mixture comprises that the said titanium-base ceramics of first concentration strengthens body, and said second kind of mixture comprises that the said titanium-base ceramics of second concentration different with said first kind of mixture strengthens body;
Selectively with a kind of first area of putting into mould in said first and second kinds of mixtures, and selectively the another kind in said first and second kinds of mixtures is put into the second area of said mould,
Load the said at least the first kind of mixture of compacting and second kind of mixture through impacting; Make when carrying out said compacting; Comprise a kind of in said first and second kinds of mixtures substantially corresponding to the part of the said member of said first area; And comprising the another kind in said first and second kinds of mixtures substantially corresponding to the part of the said member of said second area, the source that wherein said impact loads is selected from the group that the spring of compression, electric hydraulic pressure, electromagnetism, piezo-electric device constitute;
At least the first kind and second kind of mixture of the said compacting of sintering; And
Repeat said combination, put into, the step of compacting and sintering at least once.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said titanium alloy-based matrix comprises Ti-6Al-4V substantially, and said pottery strengthens body and comprises TiB substantially 2
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said member is an automobile component.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said automobile component is an engine component.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said engine component is a connecting rod.
6. method according to claim 1 further is included in and carries out on the said member processing behind the sintering.
7. a large amount of method of making titanium-based metal matrix composite members, said method comprises:
In mould, limit a plurality of zones, said mould is shaped with the form of said member substantially;
Layout comprises that titanium alloy-based matrix and titanium-base ceramics strengthen the multiple mixture of body, and every kind of said multiple mixture is configured to comprise matrix that is different from other mixtures and the ratio that strengthens body;
First kind of said multiple mixture put into first of said a plurality of zones;
With second of putting into said a plurality of zones of second kind of said multiple mixture;
In said mould, load the said multiple mixture of compacting through impacting; Make when carrying out said compacting; Part corresponding to the said member of said first area comprises said first kind of mixture substantially; And comprising said second kind of mixture substantially corresponding to the part of the said member of said second area, the source that wherein said impact loads is selected from the group that the spring of compression, electric hydraulic means, calutron, piezo-electric device constitute;
From said mould, remove said member;
The said member of sintering; And
Repeat said qualification, layout, first kind and second kind put into, suppress, remove with the step of sintering at least once.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said matrix is selected from β titanium, α-2 titanium, γ titanium and the group that constitutes thereof, and said enhancing body comprises pottery.
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that said pottery comprises TiB 2
10. method according to claim 7 further is included in and carries out on the said member operating behind the sintering.
11. method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, operation comprises processing behind the said sintering.
12. method according to claim 7; It is characterized in that; Said member comprises connecting rod; And wherein, compare the wild phase that comprises low concentration with said second kind of mixture for said first kind of said multiple mixture, the part of said first kind of said connecting rod of putting into of said multiple mixture is compared at least one the lower requirement with intensity and hardness with the part of said second kind of said connecting rod of putting into of said multiple mixture.
13. an a large amount of method of making the titanium-based metal matrix composite connecting rod that is used for internal combustion engine, said method comprises:
Titanium alloy-based matrix and titanium-base ceramics are strengthened body be combined into multiple mixture, make every kind of said multiple mixture compare the ratio that comprises different matrixes and strengthen body with other mixtures;
First kind of first area of putting into Piston Rods Die with said multiple mixture;
Second kind of second area of putting into said Piston Rods Die with said multiple mixture;
In said Piston Rods Die, load the said multiple mixture of compacting through impacting; Wherein said impact loads through the compacting element responds and accomplishes in moving of impulse source, and said impulse source is selected from the group that the spring of compression, electric hydraulic means, calutron, piezo-electric device constitute;
From said mould, remove said connecting rod;
The multiple mixture of the said compacting of sintering; And
Repeat said combination, first kind and second kind put into, suppress, remove with the step of sintering at least once.
14. method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, said connecting rod comprises Ti-6Al-4V/TiB substantially 2Metal matrix composite materials.
15. method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, said being compressed on less than taking place in 1 second time.
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