CN101637144B - Cultivation water filtration method and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for filtering aquaculture water, which includes a step of filtering aquaculture water. The step of filtering aquaculture water is as follows: the aquaculture water to be filtered is driven by a power source and passes through the filter mesh from the bottom of the filter mesh in a state of surging water flow The present invention also discloses a filtering device for realizing the above-mentioned aquaculture water filtering method, comprising a box body and a filter screen set in the box body, the box body is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the filter screen faces the water inlet The direction is inclined, the filter screen is located above the water inlet, and the lower end of the filter screen is connected with an upright partition. The two together divide the space in the box into a sewage area and a clean water area. The water inlet and the sewage area are communicated, and the water outlet is communicated with the clean water area. The invention makes most of the dirt in the aquaculture water collide with the filter screen under the drive of the surging water flow and settle down, which prolongs the filtering time, reduces the number of times of backwashing, and can achieve a better filtering effect.

Description

A kind of cultivation water filtration method and its device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of aquaculture water circulation treatment technology, in particular to a method for filtering aquaculture water, which is suitable for growing and raising seedlings in industrialized circulating water, treatment of raw water in aquaculture, treatment of circulating water in aquariums, temporary breeding systems in seafood wholesale markets, scientific experiments, etc. The water treatment system also relates to a filtering device for realizing the above method.

Background technique

Aquaculture with aquaculture water requires pure water quality, no pollution, and no dirt. Therefore, the water in the aquaculture tank needs to be filtered frequently. The early aquaculture water filters were relatively simple, usually using activated carbon or filter cotton for double-layer filtration, but , this filtering method can only filter out large particles of impurities in suspension, but cannot effectively filter small impurities such as algae, colloids, ammonia nitrogen and heavy metals in water, so the filtering effect is poor; The filter mostly adopts drum type (also known as drum type) filtration and arc sieve filtration. The filtration method is: the aquaculture water to be treated is filtered through the filter screen from top to bottom, which can achieve better filtration. Effect.

But, also there is following defect in this strainer: (1) when the water that needs to be treated permeates through filter screen cloth from top to bottom, the dirt that is intercepted by filter screen cloth adheres to above easily, and the filter screen mesh hole of clogging occurs (2) In order to solve the problem that the filter screen is easy to be blocked, the existing method is to frequently backwash the filter screen to remove the dirt, but this method will cause the (3) The frequent backwashing of the filter screen also caused a great reduction in the number of filtrations and reduced the filtration efficiency.

Contents of the invention

One object of the present invention is to provide a method for filtering aquaculture water that can achieve better filtering effect and improve filtration efficiency. Another object of the present invention is to provide a filtering device for realizing the above method.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical measures: a method for filtering aquaculture water, comprising a culture water filtration step, a sewage discharge step and a backwashing step, characterized in that the aquaculture water filtration step is: the aquaculture water to be filtered is powered by The source drives the filter screen from below and upward through the filter screen in a state of surging water flow.

The present invention adopts the filtering method of pouring out the culture water to be filtered from the lower direction of the filter screen, so that most of the dirt in the culture water will hit the filter screen and settle down under the drive of the surging water flow, which increases the filtration time, A better filtering effect can be achieved, and at the same time, the trapped dirt is not easy to adhere to the filter screen, thereby reducing the number of times of backwashing and greatly improving the filtering efficiency.

As an improvement of the present invention, the height difference between the water inlet of the cultured water to be filtered is higher than the water outlet of the filtered clear water provides potential energy for the cultured water to flow, and this potential energy is used to drive the cultured water to carry out the entire filtration process. power source. During the whole filtration process, there is no external power drive, so no energy consumption.

The sewage discharge step of the present invention comprises: after the culture water is filtered, the dirt intercepted by the filter screen is naturally deposited downward and passes through the grid arranged under the filter screen, and then discharged through the sewage outlet.

The sewage discharge step of the present invention further includes: the sewage naturally settles downward in the sewage discharge tank below the screen after passing through the grid, and is guided from the sewage discharge tank to the sewage outlet for discharge.

The backwashing step of the present invention comprises: when the mesh of the filter screen is blocked by dirt and cannot be filtered normally, using the filtered clear water as the water source of the cleaning water and spraying it onto the water outlet surface of the filter screen, The dirt on the filter screen is washed away, and the removed dirt naturally settles down and passes through the grille, and then is guided by the sewage tank to the sewage outlet for discharge.

A filter device for realizing the above-mentioned method for filtering aquaculture water, comprising a box body and a filter screen installed in the box body, the box body is provided with a water inlet for the aquaculture water to be filtered to flow into the box body and a filter for filtered water. Clean water flows out of the water outlet outside the box, and it is characterized in that the filter screen is inclined towards the water inlet, the filter screen is located above the water inlet, and the lower end of the filter screen is connected with an upright partition. Together, the space in the box is divided into a sewage area and a clean water area. The water inlet communicates with the sewage area, and the water outlet communicates with the clean water area. The aquaculture water is driven by a power source to carry out the entire filtering process.

As an improvement of the present invention, the opening position of the water inlet is higher than the opening position of the water outlet, and the height difference between the two provides potential energy for the aquaculture water to flow as a power source for driving the entire filtering process.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the aquaculture water filter device of the present invention also includes a sewage discharge mechanism for discharging the dirt retained by the filter screen out of the box. plate, the grille and the diversion isolation plate are located below the water inlet, the grille and the diversion isolation plate are arranged horizontally and are connected into one body through their respective one ends, and the connecting parts are sunken downwards. The other end of the grid is also connected with the partition, and is isolated below the sewage area to form a sewage discharge area; the box body is also provided with a sewage discharge port, and the sewage discharge port communicates with the sewage discharge area.

The overall cross-section of the grid and the diversion isolation plate of the present invention is "V"-shaped, which can prevent the aquaculture water in the sewage area from being agitated and turned upward due to the surging water flow, and the diversion isolation plate The sloped surface also acts as a guide for dirt, allowing it to flow towards the grille.

The sewage discharge mechanism of the present invention also includes a sewage discharge tank for guiding the sewage out of the box, the sewage discharge tank is located below the grille and is used to receive the sewage passing through the grid, and the sewage discharge tank is arranged laterally and obliquely , the low port of the sewage tank is connected to the sewage outlet, and the high port is connected to the partition.

The cross section of the sewage discharge tank is "V" shaped.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angle of the filter screen is 0°<α≤90°

As an improvement of the present invention, the upper part of the filter screen is provided with an overflow hole for preventing the water level from overflowing the tank due to the blockage of the filter screen.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the aquaculture water filter device of the present invention also includes a backwashing mechanism for cleaning and removing dirt on the filter screen. connected nozzles, wherein the nozzles are arranged on the upper part of the clear water area and above the filter screen, and the nozzles face the water outlet surface of the filter screen. The clear water filtered by the present invention is used as cleaning water, pressurized by a pump and sprayed onto the water outlet surface of the filter screen through a nozzle, and the dirt attached to the filter screen is washed away.

The aquaculture water filtering device of the present invention also includes a liquid level control system, and the liquid level control system includes a liquid level sensor for monitoring the liquid level of the sewage area in the tank and a controller for controlling the opening and closing of the pump and each inlet and outlet valve. The liquid level sensor is set on the upper part of the sewage area in the tank, and the controller is electrically connected with the liquid level sensor, the pump and each inlet and outlet valve; the controller receives the liquid level monitoring signal sent by the liquid level sensor, and controls the pump, each valve, etc. to start or stop the backwashing process.

As an improvement of the present invention, the connecting part of the filter screen, the box body and the partition is provided with a sealing strip for preventing the culture water to be filtered from flowing into the filtered clean water.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following remarkable effect:

(1) The present invention adopts the filtration method that the aquaculture water to be filtered is poured out from the bottom of the filter screen, which increases the filtration time and can achieve a better filtering effect. At the same time, the retained dirt is not easy to adhere to the filter screen , thereby reducing the number of backwashing and greatly improving the filtration efficiency;

(2) The present invention utilizes the potential energy existing between the water inlet and the water outlet of the aquaculture water as a power source, so in the whole filtering process, there is no external power drive and no energy consumption;

(3) The grille and diversion isolation plate of the present invention can prevent the aquaculture water to be filtered from being agitated upwards due to the surge of water inflow, so that the dirt can be smoothly settled and discharged;

(4) The grille, diversion isolation plate and sewage tank of the present invention are all inclined, which provides favorable conditions for smooth sewage discharge;

(5) The overflow hole can prevent the phenomenon that the water level is too high and overflows the box due to the blockage of the filter screen;

(6) The liquid level control system of the present invention adopts automatic operation, opens and closes the valve according to the height of the liquid level in the tank, implements backwashing operations, etc., without the need for someone to be on duty, which reduces labor costs, and the backwashing time is shorter, improving improved filtration efficiency;

(7) The present invention has simple structure and strong practicability, and can be applied to water treatment systems such as industrial circulating water cultivation and seedling cultivation, aquaculture raw water treatment, aquarium circulating water treatment, seafood wholesale market temporary breeding system and scientific experiments, etc. It is applicable to a wide range of occasions.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the connection pipeline of the liquid level control system of the present invention, in which the connection between the controller and the pump and the valve on the cleaning water inlet is not shown;

Fig. 4 is a top view schematic diagram of the connecting pipeline of the liquid level control system of the present invention, the connection between the controller and the valves on the water inlet, water outlet and sewage outlet is not shown in this figure;

Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the barrier of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the waste discharge tank of the present invention.

Detailed ways

A method for filtering aquaculture water according to the present invention comprises a step of filtering aquaculture water, a sewage discharge step and a backwashing step, wherein:

The aquaculture water filtration step is: the water inlet 11 of the aquaculture water to be filtered is higher than the water outlet 12 of the filtered clear water, and the height difference that exists provides the potential energy for the aquaculture water to flow, and this potential energy is used as the driving force for the entire filtration process of the aquaculture water. A power source, which drives the aquaculture water to be filtered to pass through the filter screen 2 in a state of surging water flow from the bottom of the filter screen 2 upwards.

The sewage discharge step includes: after the aquaculture water is filtered, the dirt trapped by the filter screen 2 is naturally deposited downward and passes through the grille 6 that is arranged under the filter screen 2 and has mesh holes 61, and the dirt that passes through the grille 6 flows to the The bottom naturally settles in the sewage discharge tank 9 below the grille 6, and is guided by the sewage discharge tank 9 to the sewage discharge port 13 for discharge.

The backwashing step includes: when the screen hole of the filter screen 2 is blocked by dirt and cannot be filtered normally, the filtered clean water is used as the water source of the cleaning water and sprayed onto the water outlet surface 21 of the filter screen 2 to filter The dirt on the screen 2 is washed away, and the removed dirt naturally settles down and passes through the grille 6, and then is guided by the sewage tank 9 to the sewage outlet 13 for discharge.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a filter device for realizing the above-mentioned aquaculture water filtration method includes a box body 1 and a filter screen 2 arranged in the box body 1, and there are holes on the opposite side walls of the box body 1 for waiting The filtered aquaculture water flows into the water inlet 11 in the box body 1 and the water outlet 12 used for the filtered clean water to flow out of the box body 1. The filter screen 2 is inclined towards the water inlet 11, and the filter screen 2 is located at the water inlet 11. Above, the lower end of the filter screen 2 is connected with an upright partition 3, the inclination angle α of the filter screen 2 is 45°, the filter screen 2 and the partition 3 together divide the inner space of the box body 1 into a sewage area 4 and clean water District 5, wherein, the water inlet 11 communicates with the sewage area 4, and the water outlet 12 communicates with the clean water area 5, and the opening position of the water inlet 11 is higher than the opening position of the water outlet 12, and the height difference between the two is aquaculture water. Provide the potential energy to make it flow as the power source to drive the whole filtration process.

The aquaculture water filter device of the present invention also includes a sewage discharge mechanism for discharging the dirt retained by the filter screen outside the box body 1. The sewage discharge mechanism includes a grid 6 and a diversion isolation plate 7 for separating the dirt. It has a mesh 61 (see Figure 5), and the grille 6 and the diversion isolation plate 7 are located below the water inlet 11. The grille 6 and the diversion isolation plate 7 are arranged horizontally and are connected as one through their respective ends. It is sunken downwards, so that the overall cross-section of the grid 6 and the diversion isolation plate 7 is "V"-shaped, and the other end of the grid 6 is also connected with the partition 3, and is isolated below the sewage area 4 to form a sewage discharge area 8; The body 1 also has a sewage outlet 13, and the sewage outlet 13 communicates with the sewage area 8. The grille 6 and the diversion isolation plate 7 can prevent the aquaculture water in the sewage area 4 from being agitated and turned up due to the surge of the water flow.

The sewage discharge mechanism also includes a sewage discharge tank 9 for discharging the dirt from the box body 1. The sewage discharge tank 9 is located under the grid 6 and is used to hold the dirt passing through the grid 6. The sewage discharge tank 9 is horizontally inclined, and the sewage discharge tank 9 The low port is connected to the sewage outlet 13, and the high port is connected to the partition 3. In this embodiment, the cross section of the sewage tank 9 is "V" (see FIG. 6 ).

On the top of the filter screen 2, there is an overflow hole 10 for preventing the overflow of the box body 1 due to the blockage of the filter screen 2 due to the high water level; Prevent the culture water to be filtered from flowing into the sealing strip 14 in the clear water after filtering.

The present invention also includes a backwashing mechanism for cleaning and removing dirt on the filter screen 2, the backwashing mechanism includes a pump 15 communicated with the clear water area 5 in the casing 1, a nozzle 16 connected to the pump 15 through a pipeline, Wherein, the nozzle 16 is arranged on the upper part of the clean water area 5 and above the filter screen 2 , and the nozzle 16 faces the water outlet surface 21 of the filter screen 2 .

It also includes a liquid level control system. The liquid level control system includes a liquid level sensor 17 for monitoring the liquid level of the sewage area 4 in the tank 1 and a controller 18 for controlling the opening and closing of the pump 15 and each inlet and outlet valve. The liquid level sensor 17 is located on the upper part of the sewage area 4 in the tank 1. The controller 18 is electrically connected with the liquid level sensor 17, the pump 15 and each inlet and outlet valve respectively. The controller 18 receives the liquid level monitoring signal sent by the liquid level sensor 17 and controls the pump. 15. Open and close each valve to start or stop the backwashing process.

The filtration and sewage discharge process of the present invention is: the aquaculture water to be filtered enters the sewage area in the box body from the water inlet, the aquaculture water passes through the filter screen from the bottom of the filter screen in a state of surging water flow, and the filtered clean water enters the clean water area Then it flows out from the water outlet; most of the sewage in the aquaculture water is trapped by the filter screen driven by the surging water flow, and naturally settles down and enters the sewage discharge area through the grille, and then deposits downward in the sewage discharge tank. Through the diversion of the sewage tank to the sewage outlet, it is discharged out of the box.

The backwashing process is: when the aquaculture water to be filtered in the sewage area 4 reaches the set high water level, it means that the filter screen 2 has been blocked and cannot be filtered normally, and the liquid level sensor 17 sends a monitoring signal to the controller 18 to control The device 18 starts the pump 15 after receiving the monitoring signal, and opens the valve located on the cleaning water inlet 20. At this time, the valve on the sewage outlet 13 is also in an open state, and the valves on the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 are closed simultaneously, and the pump 15 transport the clean water in the tank 1 to the nozzle 16, and the cleaning water is sprayed onto the outlet surface 21 of the filter screen 2 by the nozzle 16, and the dirt removed by washing will naturally settle down through the grille 6 and deposit on the sewage discharge In the tank 9, finally discharge the outside of the box body 1 from the sewage outlet 13, the above-mentioned backwashing process is very short, so it will not affect the filtration efficiency; when the liquid level of the culture water to be filtered in the sewage area 4 returns to normal, the liquid level sensor 17 sends a monitoring signal to the controller 18, and the controller 18 controls the pump 15 to stop working, and simultaneously closes the valve on the cleaning water inlet 20, and opens the valves on the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12, and the backwashing process ends at this moment.

In other embodiments, besides 45°, the inclination angle α of the filter screen can also be selected from any angle within the range of 0°<α≦90°.

The embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. According to the above content of the present invention, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in this field, without departing from the above-mentioned basic technical idea of the present invention, the backwashing mechanism and liquid level control system of the present invention And sewage mechanism, etc. can also make other various forms of modification, replacement or change, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. culture water filtering device for one kind, this device is used for a kind of breed water filtration method of culturing water filtration step, blowdown step and anti-cleaning step that comprises, described breed water filtration step is: breed water to be filtered upwards passes through filter screen to spring up streamflow regime by drive power source from the below of filter screen; This device comprises casing and is located at the interior filter screen of casing, the clear water that has on the described casing after being used for the interior water inlet of breed water inflow casing to be filtered and being used to filter flows out the outer delivery port of casing, described filter screen is obliquely installed towards the water inlet direction, described filter screen is positioned at the top of water inlet, described filter screen lower end is connected with the dividing plate of setting, the two is divided into contraminated zone and clear water zone with space in the casing jointly, described water inlet communicates with the contraminated zone, described delivery port then communicates with clear water zone, cultures water and carries out whole filter process by drive power source; Described water inlet offer the position of offering that the position is higher than delivery port, the difference in height between the two provides and makes its potential energy that flows with the power source as the whole filter process of driving for culturing water;

It is characterized in that: described breed water filtering device also comprises the blowdown mechanism outside the dirt discharge casing that is used for filter screen is held back, described blowdown mechanism comprises barrier and the water conservancy diversion division board that is used for eliminating impurities, described barrier and water conservancy diversion division board all are positioned at the below of described water inlet, described barrier and water conservancy diversion division board horizontally set and the end by separately are connected and become one, connecting portion is to lower recess, the other end of described barrier also is connected with dividing plate, isolates forming the blowdown district in the below in contraminated zone; Also have sewage draining exit on the described casing, described sewage draining exit communicates with the blowdown district.

2. filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described breed water filtering device also comprises and is used to clean the anti-wiper mechanism of removing dirt on the filter screen, described anti-wiper mechanism comprise with casing in the pump that is communicated with of clear water zone, the nozzle that is connected by pipeline with pump, wherein, described nozzle is located at the top of clear water zone and is positioned at the top of described filter screen, and described nozzle face is to the water surface that goes out of filter screen.

3. filter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described breed water filtering device also comprises tank level control system, described tank level control system comprises the controller that is used to monitor the liquid level sensor of contraminated zone liquid level in the casing and is used for control pump, each terminal valve keying, described liquid level sensor is located at the top in contraminated zone in the casing, and described controller is electrically connected with liquid level sensor, pump and each terminal valve respectively; Controller receives the level monitoring signal that liquid level sensor sends, and the keying of control pump, each terminal valve is with beginning or stop anti-cleaning process.

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