CN101629461B - Strut-type portable nomadic tent with inner roof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof. The pole-type portable nomadic tent is mainly composed of poles and a canopy set on the poles. The canopy includes side walls and a canopy. The side wall and the roof are respectively provided with side window holes and skylight holes. The area ratio of the side window holes to the canopy wall is 0.04-0.12, and the area ratio of the skylight hole to the canopy wall is 0.006-0.018; the thermal conductivity of the tent is 0.042-0.055W/ m℃ pure white or light off-white organic fluorine waterproof and breathable fabric. The invention realizes the fundamental improvement of the functions of portable nomadic tents such as heat protection, ventilation and smoke exhaust; weakens the "greenhouse effect" and "cold room effect" of the tent; Quality of life of herders during nomadic life.

Description

Pole Portable Nomad Tent with Inner Roof

technical field

The invention relates to a tent, in particular to a pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof.

Background technique

In order to adapt to the production method of "grazing by water and grass", herdsmen have used their ingenuity for thousands of years to create cattle felt tents. Cow hair tents are usually supported by wooden pillars and enclosed by hand-woven cow felt. They are built by themselves based on the experience and methods inherited from generation to generation. The cow hair tent is not only an indispensable production tool for herdsmen, but also a habitat for herdsmen. It has the characteristics of fast migration and strong site adaptability, local materials, cheap and economical; but it often downplays comfort, culture and artistry. The tent is cold and humid, with rain leaking and windy, and smoke and fire are common, and the indoor hot and humid environment and comfort are poor.

With the strengthening of nomads' contact with the outside world, single-pole "eight-one" tents, double-pole or three-pole tents using various fiber materials as tent fabrics are used by a small number of herdsmen in pastoral areas as nomadic tents. Compared with traditional cow-felt tents, the advantages of these tents are that one or more metal poles are used to replace the wooden stakes of cow-hair tents, the poles and accessories are standardized, and the number is small. Light in weight, the weight per unit of living space is only equivalent to 30-50% of that of a cow-hair tent, the performance of rainproof and heat preservation has been greatly improved, and the living comfort has been significantly improved.

Although the "Eighty-style" single-pole tent and other forms of double-pole or three-pole tourist tents have the advantages of lightness and quick installation, etc., when tents specially designed for field troops or tourism are used for tourism When the herdsman uses it in daily life during grazing, there are problems in the following aspects: 1), the smoke exhaust ability is poor. Since the field troops have special cooking teams, they seldom cook in tents when they travel; and the daily life of herdsmen, such as cooking, making tea, roasting tsampa, and keeping warm, is inseparable from stoves that use cow dung or firewood as fuel. , The smoke generated by combustion leaks out, which inevitably causes air pollution in the tent, and the smoke exhaust function is not considered by these tents; 2), the heat resistance is weak. Compared with traditional cow felt, these tents are densely clothed and have much poorer air permeability; pastoral areas generally have higher altitudes and stronger solar radiation, even in colder seasons, when solar radiation is strong during the day, the temperature inside the tent is higher, and the heat cannot If it is discharged in time, the "greenhouse effect" is obvious, while the hand-woven cow felt has a good ventilation effect, a weak "greenhouse effect", and strong heat resistance; 3) Insufficient ventilation. Since herdsmen have to live in tents and engage in some production activities such as cheese making, and various living and production facilities are stacked in tents that are not spacious enough, the air quality in tents will be affected. Ensuring good ventilation in tents is the key to eliminating indoor odors 1. It is necessary to maintain indoor hygienic and healthy air quality (cow felt has good air permeability). 4) The climate adaptability needs to be further improved. The nomadic period is generally from April to October. Pastoral areas generally have a plateau climate, with a large temperature difference between morning and evening. "Wear cotton jackets in the morning and wear gauze in the afternoon". The sun radiation and ultraviolet rays are strong during the day, and the cold sky radiation is also strong at night. In July and August Sometimes the temperature is below 0°C at night.

In addition to the above problems, the above-mentioned pole-type nomadic tent also has an obvious "cold room effect", that is, on a clear night, the temperature inside the tent is lower than the outdoor temperature, forming a "cold room". Through repeated experiments and research, it is found that the "cold room effect" is mainly caused by the cold sky radiation at night. The stronger the cold sky radiation, the more obvious the "cold room effect" in the tent; Effect" is weak, and there is almost no "cold room effect".

Nomadic tents will experience various weather conditions during use, and the outdoor temperature and weather conditions will change throughout the year. When the outdoor temperature is lower than the comfortable temperature of 26°C that people feel in summer, the "greenhouse effect" is beneficial to improve the environment inside the tent; Inhibited; when the outdoor temperature is higher than 26°C, the "greenhouse effect" will make the tent more uncomfortable, and all need to be inhibited. Similarly, when the outdoor temperature is 18°C higher than the comfortable temperature that people feel in winter, the "cold room effect" is beneficial to improving the environment in the tent, but if the "cold room effect" is too strong, the temperature in the tent will be lower than 18°C. When the outdoor temperature is lower than 18°C, the "cold room effect" will make the tent more uncomfortable and needs to be suppressed.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and to provide a pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof, which weakens its "greenhouse effect" by adding an inner roof at the lower end of the roof and the "cold room effect"; through the scientific and reasonable design of the tent enclosure, the lightweight nomadic tent can be fundamentally improved in terms of heat protection, ventilation and smoke exhaust; reasonable selection of the thermal conductivity and color of the tent fabric will further weaken The "greenhouse effect" and "cold room effect" of tents increase the heat insulation and heat preservation performance of tents, and improve the living quality of herdsmen during nomadic life.

The object of the present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: the pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof is mainly composed of a pole and a canopy that is arranged on the pole, and the canopy includes side walls and a canopy. The feature is that the lower end of the canopy is provided with an inner roof.

Further, the average distance between the inner roof and the canopy is 100-200mm, if the average distance is too small, the heat preservation and heat insulation effect is not ideal; if the average distance is too large, the effect on further enhancing the heat preservation and heat insulation effect is not obvious, and Occupy a larger interior space. Considering comprehensively, the average spacing is designed to be 100-200mm, and the preferred design is 150mm.

Still further, the side wall is provided with side window holes, and the area ratio of the side window holes to the canopy is 0.04-0.12; the roof is also provided with skylight holes, and the area ratio of the skylight holes to the canopy is 0.006-0.018.

The area ratio of the above-mentioned side window openings to the tent enclosure refers to the ratio of the sum of the area of the side window openings (including doors) around the tent to the area of the entire tent enclosure (including all openings), referred to as the side window enclosure ratio; the ratio of the skylight opening to the tent enclosure The area ratio refers to the ratio of the sum of the opening areas of the skylights opened on all sides of the top of the tent to the area of the entire canopy (including all openings), referred to as the skylight circumference ratio.

The area ratio of the side window opening to the awning enclosure is 0.04 to 0.12, the area ratio of the skylight opening to the awning enclosure is 0.006 to 0.018, and the ratio of the side window enclosure and the skylight enclosure ratio can be combined arbitrarily within the above range. Window holes and skylight holes increase the production cost and the difficulty of rainproofing. The combination of the side window girth ratio around 0.08 and the skylight girth ratio around 0.012 is the best.

Furthermore, the pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof is made of organic fluorine waterproof and breathable fabric with a thermal conductivity of 0.042-0.055W/m°C, and the color of the fabric is preferably pure white or light off-white.

When the structure, form, size parameters and other materials of the tent are all the same, but only the material of the fabric is different, choosing a material with a smaller thermal conductivity as the tent fabric is beneficial to improving the thermal insulation and heat resistance of the tent. According to this, the present invention For nomadic tents, organic fluorine canvas with a thermal conductivity of 0.042-0.055W/m℃ is preferred as the fabric for nomadic tents.

Because different color fabrics have different reflectivity and absorptivity for radiation waves, light-colored fabrics have high reflectivity and low absorptivity. During the day, the sun radiates heat on the outer surface of the tent, and the light-colored fabric reflects most of the heat away, and less is absorbed by the tent, so the temperature on the inner surface of the tent and inside the tent is lower, and the dark-colored fabric absorbs more and reflects less , so the temperature on the inner surface of the tent and inside the tent is higher; at night, the cold radiation from the sky shines on the outer surface of the tent, and the light-colored fabric reflects most of the cold energy away, which is less absorbed by the tent, and the temperature inside the tent is higher. The fabric absorbs more and reflects less, and the temperature inside the tent is lower. Accordingly, the fabric color of the nomadic tent in the present invention is preferably pure white or light off-white.

In order to enable the tent to quickly discharge the smoke generated during the herdsman’s life, a chimney opening for the chimney to pass through is provided on the canopy and the inner roof, so as to ensure that the smoke in the furnace can be discharged smoothly and improve the air quality in the tent. In order to prevent the overheating of the chimney from damaging the awning fabric around the chimney, a metal sheet sandwiched with asbestos cloth or asbestos board is used as a transitional connecting part between the awning fabric and the chimney to play a role in flame retardancy and fire prevention. The canopy surrounding fabric is fixed with the metal sheet through the fixing member.

The canopy of the tent is composed of a side wall and a canopy. The side wall and the canopy can be sewn together to form an integral type; A connecting member is provided, and the connecting member may be a nylon adhesive tape, a chain buckle, a buckle set or a zipper. When assembling the tent, the main pole and multiple side poles are used to support the roof and the inner roof. If it is a split tent enclosure, the main pole and the side poles are used to fix the roof, and the side wall can pass through the preset The connecting member is connected with the roof to form a complete tent body; the side walls can also be left unattached to form an independent pergola.

Curtains are arranged on the side window holes and the skylight holes to prevent wind, rain, snow and direct sunlight; screen windows or light-transmitting sheets can also be added to the side window and skylight holes as required, and the screen windows are used to prevent mosquitoes from entering The tent affects the daily life of herdsmen, and the light-transmitting sheet can block the cold wind while ensuring sufficient lighting and sunlight in the tent.

Several pockets can also be arranged on the inner side of the canopy, which is convenient for herdsmen to place daily necessities.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) The "greenhouse effect" and "cold room effect" of the tent can be weakened by adding an inner roof at the lower end of the tent, and the combination of the inner roof and the canopy can change into several tent forms to meet the needs of herdsmen at different times various needs.

(2) Based on scientific experiments, scientifically and rationally design the canopy of the tent, so as to realize fundamental improvements in the functions of light-weight tents in terms of heat protection, ventilation and smoke exhaust.

(3) Based on scientific experiments, the thermal conductivity and color of the tent fabric are reasonably selected, which further weakens the "greenhouse effect" and "cold room effect" of the tent, increases the heat insulation and heat preservation performance of the tent, and improves the herdsmen's nomadic period. living quality of life.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of setting pole of the pole type portable nomadic tent with inner top;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another kind of strut setting of a pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof;

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the supporting structure of the pole type portable nomadic tent with the inner top shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is another overall cross-sectional schematic diagram of a pole type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of setting side windows of a pole type portable nomadic tent with an inner top;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of another type of side window provided with a pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of yet another side window of a pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof;

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of setting a skylight for a pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof;

Fig. 10 is another structural schematic diagram of a pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof provided with a skylight;

Fig. 11 is a curve diagram of the influence of the inner top on the thermal insulation performance of the tent;

Figure 12 is a curve diagram of the influence of the inner top on the thermal insulation performance of the tent;

Figure 13 is a graph showing the influence of different side window circumference ratios on the temperature in the tent;

Figure 14 is a graph showing the influence of different skylight girth ratios on the temperature in the tent;

Figure 15 is a curve diagram of the influence of different side window girth ratios and skylight girth ratio combinations on the temperature in the tent;

Figure 16 is a graph showing the influence of different fabric materials on the thermal performance of tents;

Figure 17 is a graph showing the influence of different fabric materials on the thermal performance of tents;

Figure 18 is a graph showing the influence of different fabric colors on the thermal performance of tents;

Figure 19 is a graph showing the influence of different fabric colors on the heat resistance performance of tents.

The marks in the attached drawings and the names of corresponding parts: 1- side wall; 2- roof; 3- inner roof; 4- side window hole; 5- skylight hole; 6- chimney mouth; Pole; 9-curtain; 10-drawing rope; 11-cloth strip.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Example

The present invention is mainly composed of poles and awnings arranged on the poles. The canopy includes side walls 1 and a roof 2. The lower end of the roof 2 is provided with an inner roof 3. The awning is provided with a side The window hole 4 and the skylight hole 5 are provided with a chimney mouth 6 for the passage of the chimney on the canopy and the inner roof 3, and curtains are arranged on the side window hole 4 and the skylight hole 5.

The pole structure of the pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof involved in the present invention is shown in Figures 1 and 2. It is mainly composed of a main pole 7 and a plurality of side poles 8. The main pole 7 Located at the center of the tent, together with multiple side poles 8, it supports the tent enclosure to form the inner space of the tent.

There are two types of arrangement of the inner roof 3 at the lower end of the roof 2: a, the removable structure as shown in Figure 3, when the removable structure is adopted, the strut adopts the structure as shown in Figure 1, Its overall support structure is shown in Figure 4. The inner roof 3 is made of single-sided high-reflection aluminum-coated cloth, which can be flexibly disassembled and assembled according to user needs: in summer or under the sun, the aluminum-coated side can be turned upward, which can more effectively reflect the sun's ultraviolet rays and heat, reduce the temperature in the tent; in winter or cold nights, the coated aluminum can be turned down to reflect the heat in the tent, reduce the heat loss in the tent, and ensure a more comfortable hot and humid environment in the tent. The double canopy can form an air layer in the tent, which not only isolates the heat from entering the tent, but also reduces the heat loss inside the tent, ensuring a more comfortable hot and humid environment inside the tent;

b. The non-removable structure as shown in Figure 5. When the non-removable structure is used, the main pole adopts the structure shown in Figure 2. When building a tent, when erecting the main pole, first put the inner top on it The top is added to the top of the outer top. After the main pole is erected, the side poles are erected in turn. Once the tent is set up, the inner roof is fixed and cannot be disassembled at will.

There are three types of side window holes 4 provided on the canopy: one is shown in Figure 6, a curtain 9 slightly larger than the side window holes 4 is attached outside the side window holes 4, and the side window holes 4 are rectangular; As shown in Figure 7, the difference from the first form is that the side window hole 4 is an inverted triangle, which increases the rainproof ability; the third type is shown in Figure 8, when the single side window hole 4 on the awning has a larger area At the same time, a small side window hole 4 is added on the curtain 9, and a small curtain 9 is attached thereon, which can adapt to various weather conditions and increase the convenience of use.

The skylight provided on the canopy 2 has two forms: one is shown in Figure 9, the entire skylight hole 5 is set on any one or more slopes, and the skylight hole 5 is provided with curtains 9 for blocking wind, rain and snow. Curtain 9 becomes rectangle, is attached with stay cord 10 on it, and rectangle curtain 9 is fixed on one side, is provided with the cloth strip 11 that plays connection and sealing effect on both sides perpendicular to fixed edge, prevents rainwater seepage, and cloth strip 11 becomes triangle, Its shape determines the opening angle of the sunroof. When the skylight needs to be opened for ventilation, it is only necessary to pull the stay cord 10 to open the curtain 6 to an appropriate position, and fix the stay cord 10 to keep the opening angle of the curtain 6; 3 is designed as an inverted triangle to prevent rainwater seepage. The curtain 6 is installed on the triangular hole, and the curtain 6 is equipped with a stay cord 10 to control its tightening state. When the skylight needs to be opened, the sunroof can be opened by simply pulling the stay cord 10 on the curtain 6 to shrink it. .

A key point of the present invention is that an inner roof 3 is provided at the lower end of the roof 2 of the tent.

In order to illustrate the influence of the inner roof 3 provided at the lower end of the tent roof 2 on the heat preservation and heat insulation performance of the tent, the experiment on the influence of the inner roof 3 on the thermal insulation performance of the tent was first carried out. The main indicators that reflect the quality of the thermal insulation effect are the internal air temperature and the internal surface temperature of the tent; under the same conditions, the higher the temperature, the warmer the room and the better the thermal insulation effect. The experiment is carried out at a typical night when the temperature is relatively low and heat preservation is most needed. In order to eliminate the interference of other factors, the side windows and skylights are all closed during the test. The experimental results are shown in Figure 11. In the figure, the abscissa corresponds to different times, and the ordinate indicates the temperature. From this figure it can be seen that:

1) For a tent with an inner roof 3, the indoor air temperature is significantly higher than that of a tent without an inner roof 3;

2) For a tent with an inner roof 3, the inner surface temperature of the tent is significantly higher than that of a tent without an inner roof 3;

3) Comparing the tent air temperature, inner surface temperature and outdoor air temperature, it can be found that the "cold room effect" of the tent without the inner roof 3 is more obvious, and adding the inner roof 3 can significantly weaken the "cold room effect".

Then, the experiment on the effect of setting the inner roof 3 on the lower part of the tent roof 2 on the thermal insulation performance of the tent is carried out. The experiment was carried out during the typical day when the temperature is high, the solar radiation is large, and heat protection is most needed. In order to eliminate the interference of other factors, the side windows and skylights were all closed during the test. The experimental results are shown in Figure 12. In the figure, the abscissa corresponds to different times, and the ordinate indicates the temperature. From this figure it can be seen that:

1) For a tent with an inner roof 3, the indoor air temperature is significantly lower than that of a tent without an inner roof 3;

2) For a tent with an inner roof 3, the inner surface temperature of the tent is significantly lower than that of a tent without an inner roof 3;

3) Comparing the air temperature and inner surface temperature of the tent with the outdoor air temperature, it can be found that the "greenhouse effect" of the tent without the inner roof 3 is more obvious, and adding the inner roof 3 can significantly weaken the "greenhouse effect".

The above test results are a set of representative test curves among a large amount of test data. The test conditions are that the average distance between the inner roof 3 and the roof 2 is 150 mm, and the area of the inner roof 3 is the same as that of the roof 2 .

When the inner air interlayer is only in the part of the tent, it also has a similar rule, but the heat preservation and heat insulation effects are affected to varying degrees because of the proportion of the air interlayer; The upper part increases the inner air space layer, and the test results are confirmed.

A large number of experimental results show that the more reasonable average distance between the inner roof 3 and the roof 2 is 100-200mm. If the average distance between the inner roof 3 and the roof 2 is too small, the heat preservation and heat insulation effects are not ideal; It has no obvious effect on enhancing the heat preservation and heat insulation effect, and occupies a large indoor space. Considering comprehensively, the range of average spacing is selected as 100-200mm, and the preferred design is 150mm.

The thickness of the inner top 3 is not obvious enough for thermal insulation and heat insulation effects. The material can be 90-150g/m2 flame-retardant fabric as the inner tarpaulin, and light-colored fabric is suitable, mainly considering performance, wind resistance and cost.

Another key point of the present invention is to determine the reasonable range of the girth ratio of the side window and the girth ratio of the skylight on the canopy through scientific experiment analysis, and the optimal combination within a reasonable range. The purpose of optimizing side window girth ratio and skylight girth ratio is better ventilation, smoke exhaust, heat protection and creating a healthy and hygienic indoor environment. The better the thermal performance, the stronger the ventilation and smoke exhaust ability, and the more fresh air from outside enters. Skylights and side window openings can be rectangular or triangular, and side windows can be individual window openings, or in the form of large windows covering small windows.

The area ratio between the side window hole 4 and the tent enclosure refers to the ratio of the area sum of the side window openings (including doors) around the tent to the entire tent enclosure area (including all openings), referred to as the side window enclosure ratio; The area ratio of the canopy refers to the ratio of the sum of the opening areas of the skylights opened on each side of the top of the tent to the area of the entire canopy (including all openings), referred to as the skylight circumference ratio.

In order to determine the reasonable range of the girth ratio of the skylight and the girth ratio of the side windows on the canopy, the experiment of the effect of the girth ratio of the side windows on the air temperature inside the tent was carried out first. The experiment was carried out when the skylights were all closed. In the figure, the abscissa indicates different times, and the ordinate indicates temperature. The five test curves from top to bottom are the comparison of the air temperature inside the tent when the side window circumference ratio is 0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, and 0.15. From this figure it can be seen that:

1) Under the same weather conditions outdoors, when the side window girth ratio is 0 (that is, all side windows are closed), the temperature inside the tent is the highest;

2) When the side window circumference ratio is 0.04, the temperature inside the tent drops significantly, especially in the higher temperature range;

3) With the increase of the side window circumference ratio to 0.08, the air temperature inside the tent decreases to varying degrees;

4) When the side window girth ratio is 0.12, the greenhouse effect of the tent is further improved;

5) But when the aspect ratio of the side window increases to 0.15, the indoor air temperature does not decrease significantly compared with that at 0.12.

In summary, from the perspective of weakening the greenhouse effect of the tent, enhancing the heat resistance of the tent, and maintaining sufficient ventilation, it is better to control the side window circumference ratio within 0.12, because the window opening is too large, which will increase the cost of the window and accessories and the possibility of rainwater immersion Sex, the appearance is affected by the deterioration of the falling property. On the other hand, it can be seen from the figure that the minimum side window girth ratio can achieve significant ventilation, smoke exhaust, and heat protection effects; tents are for people to live in, and the occupants have comforts such as heat protection, smoke exhaust, and good air quality. In addition to the requirements, there is also the basic need for lighting during the living period. Opening the side windows can not only have the heat protection effect shown in the above picture, but also consider the natural lighting and outdoor scenery for the occupants. After the above comprehensive research, the minimum side window ratio should be Greater than 0.04. Therefore, the recommended range of the side window ratio is between 0.04 and 0.12.

Then, the test of the influence of skylight girth ratio on the temperature in the tent was carried out. The experiment was carried out with all the side windows closed. The experimental results are shown in Figure 14. In the figure, the abscissa indicates different times, and the ordinate indicates the temperature. The five test curves from top to bottom are the air temperature comparison in the tent when the skylight circumference ratio is 0, 0.006, 0.012, 0.018, and 0.024.

It can be seen from the figure that: under the same weather conditions outdoors, when the skylight circumference ratio is 0 (that is, the skylights are all closed), the temperature inside the tent is the highest; when the skylight circumference ratio is 0.006, the temperature inside the tent has a very obvious difference. decrease, the greenhouse effect weakens; when the skylight ratio increases to 0.012, the temperature inside the tent drops significantly; when the skylight ratio is 0.018, the greenhouse effect of the tent is further improved; but the skylight ratio increases to At 0.024, the indoor air temperature dropped again. Tests have shown that increasing the girth ratio of the skylight is beneficial to enhancing the heat resistance of the tent. However, if the opening of the skylight is too large, firstly, the cost of the skylight and accessories will be increased; secondly, the difficulty of preventing rain and leakage will be greatly increased; On the other hand, it can be seen from the picture above that whether there is a skylight on the tent, the ability to prevent heat and weaken the greenhouse effect is completely different; For nomadic tents heated by tea, the best way to discharge the overflowing smoke is the skylight; in addition, the skylight can also meet the basic needs of the occupants for natural lighting. Through the comprehensive research of the above test analysis, from the perspective of weakening the greenhouse effect of the tent, enhancing the heat resistance of the tent, and maintaining sufficient ventilation and lighting, for the single pole portable tent involved in the present invention, the skylight circumference ratio is controlled at 0.006 to 0.018. good.

The above optimization ranges of the girth ratio of the side window and the girth ratio of the sunroof are obtained under the condition of fixing one of them, and their reasonable optimal combination can achieve better results, otherwise, inappropriate combinations will affect the effect. In order to obtain the influence of the combination of side window girth ratio and skylight girth ratio within the above range on the heat protection, smoke exhaust, ventilation and lighting of the tent, the following is the comparison of the air temperature inside the tent with different combinations of skylight girth ratio and side window girth ratio. Influencing experiments, the experimental results are shown in Figure 15. In the figure, the abscissa indicates different times, and the ordinate indicates the temperature. The 6 test curves from top to bottom respectively show the comparison of the heat protection ability of the tent under the coupling conditions of 6 different side windows and skylight circumference ratios. The first curve from top to bottom in the figure shows that under the same outdoor meteorological conditions, when the side windows and skylight ratios are both 0 (that is, the side windows and skylights are all closed), the temperature inside the tent is the highest; the second line The curve shows that when the side window girth ratio is 0.02 and the skylight girth ratio is 0.006, the temperature inside the tent drops significantly and the greenhouse effect is weakened; the third curve shows that when the side window girth ratio is 0.05 and the skylight girth ratio is maintained at 0.006 , the temperature in the tent does not drop much. Compared with the second curve, it shows the importance of opening the skylight; the fourth curve shows that when the side window and skylight ratio are 0.09 and 0.012 respectively, the temperature drops again, and the greenhouse of the tent effect has been further improved; the fifth curve shows that when the side window and skylight ratios are both increased to 0.12 and 0.018, the heat-proof effect of the tent is better; but as the side windows and skylight ratios are further increased to 0.14 and At 0.021, there is no significant improvement in the heat resistance of the tent.

The figure scientifically illustrates several points through experiments: 1. The importance of a reasonable match between the side window and the sunroof ratio, the effect of only opening the side window without opening the sunroof (deviating from the recommended range) is not good; 2. In a certain recommended value Within the matching range (the 3rd and 4th curves), the effect of increasing the girth ratio of side windows and skylights is not too significant. Considering the factors that increase the production cost and difficulty of rainproofing due to the increase of side windows and skylights, it can be lowered. Choice; 3. Increasing the ratio of side windows and skylights is always beneficial for heat protection and ventilation. To deal with hot and extreme climates, several side walls 2 of the tent can be designed to be fully or partially bonded. In hot weather, one or more sides can be uncovered 2 . This is the scientific basis for the technology to determine the matching range.

Regardless of whether the ratio of the side windows and skylights finalized in the tent production is large or small, it will greatly affect the performance of heat protection, smoke exhaust and ventilation, but will not affect the thermal insulation performance of the tent. Because the side windows and skylights can be completely closed (when heat preservation is required); they can also be fully opened (when smoke exhaust and ventilation are required); they can also be opened to any angle according to the actual situation, so that the climate and environmental adaptability of the tent are enhanced. The size of the side windows and the skylight ratio finally determined by the tent production determines how much adjustment range the producer provides for the tent occupants.

In addition, in order to prevent mosquitoes, it is generally necessary to install screens at the openings of windows; the mesh density of screens on the market varies greatly, and if the ratio of ventilation area is generally 40-70%, its influence on the circumference ratio of side windows and skylights is, When the recommended range is selected, the mesh of the screen used is thin, which can be lowered appropriately, and the mesh is dense, which can be appropriately larger.

The third key point of the present invention is to reasonably select the fluff fabric and color range of the nomadic tent through scientific experiments.

In order to determine the fabric material of the canopy, the experiment of the influence of different materials of the canopy on the thermal insulation performance of the tent was first carried out. The experiment was carried out at night, and the other conditions of the tent were the same, only the fabric material was different. Remove the inner roof 7 during the time, and the side windows and skylights are all closed. The experimental results are as shown in Figure 16. Among the figures, the abscissa corresponds to different times, and the ordinate represents the temperature. The upper curve is the outdoor air temperature; the middle curve is the change curve of the temperature inside the tent when the awning fabric is made of organic fluorine waterproof and breathable canvas; the lower one is the temperature change curve inside the tent when the awning fabric is made of PVC single-sided coating Curve. It can be seen from the figure that when organic fluorine is used as the tent fabric, the temperature inside the tent is significantly higher than that of the tent with PVC single-side coating, and the temperature inside the tent with PVC single-side coating fabric is sometimes lower than the outdoor temperature, and the "cold room effect". Further test results show that the inner surface temperature of the single-sided PVC fabric tent is lower than that of the organic fluorine fabric tent, and the lower degree is more obvious than the lower temperature, resulting in a more significant cold feeling in the single-sided PVC fabric tent.

Then, the test of the influence of different materials of the tent fabric on the thermal performance of the tent is carried out. The other conditions of this experiment are the same as the test of the influence of different material fabrics on the thermal performance of the tent. The only difference is that it is carried out during the daytime. The experimental results are shown in Figure 17. In the figure, the abscissa corresponds to different times, and the ordinate indicates the temperature. Several curves are the internal temperature, internal surface temperature, and outdoor air temperature of the tent when organic fluorine and single-sided PVC coated cloth are used as fabrics. From this figure it can be seen that:

1) When organic fluorine is used as the fabric, the temperature inside the tent is significantly lower than that of PVC single-sided coated tents;

2) When organic fluorine is used as the fabric, the inner surface temperature of the tent is significantly lower than that of PVC single-sided coated tents;

3) For tents made of organic fluorine, the "greenhouse effect" is effectively weakened, the indoor temperature and inner surface temperature are lower, and the hot weather is cooler.

Through the above two experiments, it can be seen that when the structure, form, size parameters and other materials of the tents are the same, only the material of the tent fabric is different, the thermal insulation performance of the two tents when it is cold at night and the heat resistance performance when the solar radiation is strong during the day There are clear differences. Further testing found that the main reason for the above phenomenon is the difference in thermal conductivity of the two materials. The thermal conductivity of single-sided PVC-coated fabric is about 0.068W/m℃, while the thermal conductivity of organic fluorine waterproof and breathable canvas is about 0.048W/m m°C; The comparative test of tents made of other fabric materials also proves that choosing materials with a small thermal conductivity as the outer tent fabric is beneficial to improving the thermal insulation and heat resistance performance of the tent. Accordingly, the present invention uses organic fluorine fabrics with a thermal conductivity of 0.042-0.055 W/m°C as tent fabrics for nomadic tents.

In order to determine the fabric color range of nomadic tents, it is necessary to carry out experiments on the influence of fabrics of different colors on the thermal insulation performance of tents. The windows and skylights were all closed. The experimental results are shown in Figure 18. In the figure, the abscissa corresponds to different times, and the ordinate indicates the temperature. Several curves respectively represent the internal air temperature and outdoor air temperature of the tent when the color of the tent fabric is pure white, off-white, dark gray, and blue. From this figure it can be seen that:

1) The lighter the color of the tent fabric, the higher the temperature inside the tent and the better the thermal insulation;

2) Pure white is the best, blue is the worst of these colors, and the "cold room effect" is the most obvious;

3) Further test results show that the inner surface temperature of light-colored fabric tents is higher than that of dark-colored fabric tents, and the higher degree is more obvious than that of air temperature, resulting in a more significant sense of warmth in light-colored fabric tents.

The last experiment was the effect of different colors of fabrics on the thermal performance of tents. The other conditions of this experiment were the same as those of different colors on the thermal performance of tents. The only difference was that it was carried out during the day. The experimental results are shown in Figure 19. , the abscissa corresponds to different times, and the ordinate indicates the temperature. Several curves respectively represent the internal air temperature and outdoor air temperature of the tent when the tent fabric color is pure white, off-white, dark gray, and blue.

It can be seen from the figure that the lighter the color of the tent fabric, the lower the temperature inside the tent and the better the heat insulation; pure white is the best, and blue is the worst of these colors. The test results also show that the inner surface temperature of light-colored fabric tents is lower than that of dark-colored fabric tents, and the lower degree is more obvious than that of air temperature, and the cool feeling in light-colored fabric tents is more significant. It can be seen that from the perspective of improving the thermal insulation and heat resistance performance of nomadic tents, the color orientation of the outer fabric is consistent, and light colors should be selected.

Through further experimental tests, it is found that the main reason for the above phenomenon is that fabrics of different colors have different reflectivity and absorption rate for radiation waves, and light-colored fabrics have high reflectivity and low absorption rate. During the day, the sun radiates heat on the outer surface of the tent, and the light-colored fabric reflects most of the heat away, and less is absorbed by the fabric, so the temperature on the inner surface of the tent and inside the tent is lower, and the dark-colored fabric absorbs more and reflects away. less, so the temperature inside the tent and inside the tent is higher; at night, the cold radiation from the sky shines on the outer surface of the tent, and the light-colored fabric reflects most of the cold away, which is less absorbed by the tent, and the temperature inside the tent is higher, and the darker The colored fabric absorbs more, reflects less, and the temperature inside the tent is lower.

Based on this, it can be concluded that the fabric color of nomadic tents should be pure white or light off-white; the tent fabric should be treated with self-cleaning, anti-fouling, and color fastness frequently to avoid gray stains during use that will darken the fabric color; the outer layer of the tent The colored area of the designed dark decorative color strips (blocks) and the printed dark patterns of ethnic characteristics should be controlled within 20% of the outer surface area of the entire tent, so as not to cause obvious adverse effects on the thermal insulation and heat resistance performance of the tent .

Based on scientific testing and research, the optimization parameters of tent design, the range of thermal conductivity of fabric materials and the preferred color of fabrics proposed above are optimized from the perspective of technical indicators such as tent ventilation, heat exhaust, smoke exhaust, heat preservation, and heat insulation. And nomadic tents also need to comprehensively consider the economic bearing capacity of herdsmen, national customs, etc., so the core technology of the present invention can be used to carry out comprehensive comparisons such as technology, economy, and humanities. Those with the above characteristics should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention is mainly aimed at nomadic tents used by herdsmen on the grasslands, but is not limited to nomadic tents, and can also be applied to tents in other fields, which will not be described one by one here.

As described above, the present invention can be better implemented.

Claims (9)

1. The pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof is mainly composed of a pole and a canopy set on the pole. The canopy includes a side wall (1) and a canopy (2). It is characterized in that the The lower end of the roof (2) is provided with an inner roof (3), and the average distance between the inner roof (3) and the roof (2) is 100-200 mm. 2. The pole type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the average distance between the inner roof (3) and the roof (2) is 150mm. 3. The pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, the side wall (1) is provided with a side window hole (4), and the side window hole (4) is connected to the canopy. The area ratio is 0.04 to 0.12. 4. The pole type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof according to claim 3, characterized in that the area ratio of the side window hole (4) to the canopy is 0.08. 5. The pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, the roof (3) is provided with a skylight hole (5), and the area of the skylight hole (5) and the tent surrounding The ratio is 0.006 to 0.018. 6. The pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof according to claim 5, characterized in that the area ratio of the skylight hole (5) to the canopy is 0.012. 7. The pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, the pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof adopts a thermal conductivity of 0.042-0.055W/m°C Made of organic fluorine waterproof and breathable fabric. 8 . The pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof according to claim 1 , wherein the fabric color of the pole-type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof is pure white or light off-white. 9. The pole type portable nomadic tent with an inner roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, the canopy and the inner roof (3) are provided with a chimney mouth (6) for the chimney to pass through, and the chimney Asbestos board or asbestos cloth is used for flame-retardant and fire-proof treatment around the contact parts of the canopy enclosure and the inner roof (3).

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