CN101628384B - Clamp for drilling oil hole on crankshaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a clamp for drilling oil holes on a crankshaft, which comprises a clamp body, a clamping mechanism, a connecting rod positioning mechanism and a drilling jig frame mechanism, wherein the clamping mechanism is provided with a drilling jig supporting seat, a pressing plate and a replaceable cushion block; the drilling jig supporting seat is movably arranged on the clamp body; the pressing plate is arranged on a pressing plate strut on the drilling jig supporting seat through a hinge pin; the lower part of the pressing plate is provided with a hold-down bolt; the hold-down bolt is screwed in, passes through the pressing plate and presses against the drilling jig supporting seat; a turn-knob compresses the bolt; a spindle neck is compressed or loosened through the lever action of the hinge pin arranged on the pressing plate and the pressing plate strut; the connecting rod positioning mechanism comprises a positioning column and a liner plate; the positioning column is arranged in a replaceable liner plate positioning hole; the top of the positioning column supports a connecting rod neck; and the drilling jig frame mechanism comprises the drilling jig supporting seat, a drilling jig plate and a drill bush. The clamp has the advantages of reasonable structure, convenient assembly, low manufacturing cost, strong popularity, and high efficiency of drilling the oil holes, greatly shortens the manufacturing period, and is suitable for clamping various crankshafts for drilling straight oil holes.

Description

A jig for drilling crankshaft oil holes

technical field

The invention relates to a jig, in particular to a jig for drilling crankshaft oil holes.

Background technique

We know that at present, one of the crankshaft straight oil holes is on the crankshaft main journal, and the other is on both the main journal and the connecting rod journal. The latter processing needs to be respectively equipped with a set of drilling jigs on two radial drilling machines and completed in two processes. One process drills the straight oil hole of the main shaft, and the other process drills the straight oil hole of the connecting rod. Because each crankshaft has different oil hole angles, crankshaft main shaft and connecting rod diameter requirements, this requires two sets of fixtures for each crankshaft. In addition to poor versatility , It also causes high manufacturing cost of the fixture, long production cycle, many clamping times, and low efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a drill with reasonable structure, convenient assembly, low manufacturing cost, guaranteed processing quality, high oil hole drilling efficiency, and suitable for various types of crankshaft oil hole processing. Crankshaft oil hole fixture.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a crankshaft oil hole drilling fixture, which includes a clamping body, a clamping mechanism, a connecting rod positioning mechanism, and a drilling formwork frame mechanism, and is characterized in that the clamping mechanism is provided with a drill Die supporting seat, pressing plate, replaceable spacer, the drilling die supporting seat can be moved and installed on the clamp body, the pressing plate is installed on the pressing plate pillar on the drilling die supporting seat through the hinge pin, and the lower part of the pressing plate is provided with a pressing bolt, which can be pressed tightly. The bolts are screwed through the pressure plate and pushed against the supporting seat of the drilling mold. A handle rod is installed on the outer end of the bolt, and the bolt is twisted to tighten or loosen the main journal through the lever action of the hinge pin on the pressure plate and the pressure plate support. To realize loading and unloading of the crankshaft; the connecting rod positioning mechanism includes a positioning column and a backing plate, the backing plate is movably installed on the clamp body, the backing plate is provided with a positioning hole, the positioning post is installed in the positioning hole of the replaceable backing plate, and the positioning post The top supports and locates the connecting rod neck of the crankshaft; the drill template frame mechanism includes a drill template support seat, a drill template, and a drill sleeve. The drill template is installed and fixed above the drill template support seat, and the drill sleeve is installed on the drill template.

The present invention is also provided with a feeding pallet mechanism, which includes a pallet bracket and a feeding pallet cushion block, and the pallet bracket is installed on the front side of the drilling mold support seat. According to the position requirements of the main journal of the supported crankshaft, it can be installed on any supporting seat of the main shaft drilling mold.

The said pressing plate of the present invention is provided with two elongated holes perpendicular to each other, and the pressing plate can move up and down along the pressing plate pillar and the hinge pin through the elongated holes.

Said replaceable spacer block of the present invention is installed on the drilling form supporting seat according to vertical and horizontal two directions. According to different crankshaft diameters, replace the replaceable pads with different thicknesses, always keep the center position of the main journal unchanged, and ensure that the position of the drill sleeve and the straight oil hole of the main shaft are on the same vertical line.

The jigsaw mechanism of the present invention can be a main shaft jigsaw mechanism, and can also be a connecting rod jigsaw mechanism. Said connecting rod drilling formwork frame mechanism is provided with connecting rod drilling formwork support seat, connecting rod drilling formwork, connecting rod lengthening drill bushing, connecting rod positioning column, backing plate, and the connecting rod neck of positioning crankshaft is supported on the top of positioning column. The rod drilling template is installed and fixed above the supporting seat of the connecting rod drilling template, and the extended rod drill sleeve is movably installed on the connecting rod drilling template. It is used for processing the straight oil hole of the corresponding connecting rod.

The clamp body of the present invention is provided with a keyway and a T-shaped groove, and a square nut is arranged in the T-shaped groove. Screws, square nuts that cooperate with each other, the backing plate of the drilling mold supporting seat and the connecting rod positioning mechanism can be movably installed on the clamp body. The clamp body of the present invention is connected and positioned with the supporting seat of the drilling mold and the backing plate of the connecting rod positioning mechanism through a key to realize lateral positioning. According to different axial dimensions of the crankshaft, the axial positions of each supporting seat and the positioning backing plate can be adjusted.

The present invention adopts the above-mentioned clamping mechanism, connecting rod positioning mechanism, and drill frame mechanism. According to different axial dimensions of the crankshaft, the clamping mechanism is installed at the required position, and the pad can be replaced according to the eccentricity of the connecting rod and the positioning height. plate to realize the reliable positioning of the connecting rod, and the jigger mechanism can be provided with different main shaft jigger mechanisms and connecting rod jigger mechanisms according to different crankshafts. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has reasonable structure, convenient assembly, low manufacturing cost, strong versatility, can drill straight oil holes of main journals and connecting rod journals of various crankshafts, has good processing quality, high drilling efficiency, and greatly shortens It is an ideal jig for drilling crankshaft oil holes, which is suitable for various types of crankshaft oil hole processing.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the assembly structure schematic diagram of the present invention and crankshaft.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the A-direction crankshaft spindle clamping mechanism and the spindle drill frame mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the B-direction connecting rod positioning mechanism and the connecting rod drilling formwork frame mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the C-direction feeding pallet mechanism and the spindle drilling formwork frame mechanism in Fig. 1 .

In the figure 1. handle rod, 2. compression bolt, 3. hinge pin, 4. pressure plate pillar, 5. pressure plate, 6. crankshaft main journal, 7. spindle drilling template, 8. drill sleeve, 9. replaceable spacer , 10. Spindle drilling mold support seat, 11. Cylindrical pin, 12. Key, 13. Screw, 14. Square nut, 15. Clamp body, 16. Connecting rod drilling template, 17. Extended drill sleeve, 18. Connecting rod drill Die support seat, 19. positioning column, 20. backing plate, 21. feeding pallet spacer, 22. pallet support.

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 is the assembly structure schematic diagram of the present invention and crankshaft. As can be seen from FIG. 1 , a jig for drilling crankshaft oil holes includes a clamp body 15 , a clamping mechanism, a connecting rod positioning mechanism, a drilling formwork frame mechanism, and the like. All kinds of crankshafts are clamped and fixed in the fixture according to drilling needs, so as to carry out the operation of drilling crankshaft oil holes. The jigsaw mechanism is generally a main shaft jigsaw mechanism, and it can also be two kinds of spindle jigsaw mechanism and connecting rod jigsaw mechanism. The connecting rod jig frame mechanism can be selectively used as required. In this way, it can not only be used to drill the straight oil hole of the main journal of the crankshaft, but also can drill the straight oil hole of the connecting rod neck according to the needs.

It can be seen from Figure 1 and Figure 2 that the clamping mechanism is located at the left and right ends of the fixture, and is generally used to clamp the crankshaft main shaft. The clamping mechanism is provided with a drilling mold supporting seat 10, a pressing plate 5, and a replaceable cushion block 9. The main shaft drilling mold supporting seat 10 is movably installed on the clamp body 15, and the pressing plate 5 is installed on the drilling mold support through the hinge pin 3. On the pressure plate pillar 4 on the seat 10, the pressure plate pillar 4 is fixed on the main shaft drilling die support seat 10 with a cylindrical pin 11, and a compression bolt 2 is provided at the bottom of the pressure plate 5, and the compression bolt 2 is screwed in through the pressure plate 5, and it is supported on the drill On the mold support seat 10, its outer end is installed with a handle bar 1, and the twisting and tightening bolt 2 is used to compress or unclamp the crankshaft main journal 6 by the hinge pin 3 lever action on the pressing plate 5 and the pressing plate pillar 4. The said pressing plate 5 of the present invention is provided with two mutually vertical elongated holes, and the pressing plate 5 can move up and down along the pressing plate pillar 4 and the hinge pin 3 through the two elongated holes, thereby realizing crankshaft clamping. The clamp body 15 is installed on the workbench of the machine tool. The said replaceable spacer block 9 of the present invention is installed on the drilling mold supporting seat by vertical and horizontal two directions. According to different crankshaft diameters, change the replaceable spacers 9 with different thicknesses, keep the center position of the main journal unchanged all the time, and ensure that the positions of the drill sleeve and the straight oil hole of the main shaft are on the same vertical line.

The jigsaw mechanism of the present invention can be a main shaft jigsaw mechanism, and can also be a connecting rod jigsaw mechanism. The drilling template frame mechanism comprises a drilling template supporting seat, a drilling template, and a drill sleeve. The drilling template is installed and fixed above the drilling template supporting seat, and the drilling sleeve is installed on the drilling template.

Fig. 2 is also a structural schematic diagram of a main shaft drilling formwork frame mechanism, the main shaft drilling formwork support seat 10, the main shaft drilling formwork 7, and the drill sleeve 8, the main shaft drilling formwork 7 is installed and fixed above the main shaft drilling formwork support seat 10 , the drill sleeve 8 is fixedly mounted on the spindle drill template 7. The main shaft drilling die supporting base 10 is movably installed on the clamp body 15, the clamping body 15 is provided with a keyway and a T-shaped slot, the T-shaped slot is provided with a square nut 14, and the lower part of the spindle drilling die supporting base 10 is respectively provided with a keyway and a screw Counterbore, through key 12 and mutually matched screw 13, square nut 14, main shaft drilling die support seat 10 is movably installed on clamp body 15. The clamping body 15 of the present invention is connected and positioned with the main shaft drilling die support seat 10 through a key, so that lateral positioning is realized. According to different crankshaft axial dimensions, the axial position of each support seat can be adjusted.

Fig. 4 is also a structural schematic diagram of a main shaft drilling mold frame mechanism, which is basically the same as Fig. 2. The clamp body 15 of the present invention and the main shaft drilling mold support seat 10 are positioned through key connection to realize lateral positioning. According to different axial dimensions of the crankshaft, the axial positions of the supporting seats of each spindle drilling mold can be adjusted.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting rod drilling formwork frame mechanism, which is provided with a connecting rod drilling formwork support seat 18, a connecting rod drilling formwork 16, a connecting rod lengthening drill sleeve 17, a connecting rod positioning column 19, and a backing plate 20 for positioning Column 19 top supports the connecting rod neck of positioning crankshaft, and connecting rod drilling formwork 16 is installed and fixed on the connecting rod drilling formwork support seat 18 top, and even extension rod drilling bushing 17 is movably installed on the connecting rod drilling formwork 16. Connecting rod lengthening drill bushing 17 is installed on the connecting rod drilling formwork 16 with heightened connecting rod drilling formwork support seat 18, and the hole of connecting rod lengthening drilling bushing 17 and connecting rod drilling template 16 is matched with a small clearance. , pull out the connecting rod and lengthen the drill sleeve 17 to avoid colliding with the connecting rod. The connection between the connecting rod jig support seat 18 and the jig body 15 is the same as the connection between the spindle jig jig support base 10 and the jig body 15 in Fig. 2, which realizes lateral positioning, and each connecting rod support can be adjusted according to different axial dimensions of the crankshaft. Axial position of the seat.

Fig. 3 is also a structural schematic diagram of a link positioning mechanism. As can be seen from Fig. 3, the connecting rod positioning mechanism of the present invention comprises a positioning column 19 and a backing plate 20, the backing plate 20 is movably mounted on the clamp body, the backing plate 20 is provided with a positioning hole, and the positioning post 19 is installed on a movable In the locating hole of the replacement backing plate, the connecting rod journal of the positioning crankshaft is supported on the top of the locating column 19 . It is used for the circumferential positioning of the connecting rod to ensure that the drilled main journal is always vertical. The backing plate 20 is provided with a positioning hole, and the number of backing plates of the replaceable positioning column is set according to the required positioning position of the connecting rod neck. The height can change the backing plate 20 of the replaceable positioning post. The backing plate 20 of the connecting rod positioning mechanism of the present invention is movably connected with the clip body 15 . Said clamp body 15 is provided with a keyway and a T-shaped groove, and a square nut is arranged in the T-shaped groove. The bottom of the backing plate 20 of the connecting rod positioning mechanism is provided with a keyway and a screw counterbore, and the guide key 12 and the mutually matched screws , square nut, the backing plate 20 of the connecting rod positioning mechanism is movably installed on the clamp body. The clamp body and the backing plate of the connecting rod positioning mechanism are positioned through key connection, realizing lateral positioning, and the axial position of the positioning backing plate 20 can be adjusted according to different axial dimensions of the crankshaft.

The present invention is also provided with a feeding pallet mechanism. As can be seen from Fig. 4, the feeding pallet mechanism includes a pallet bracket 22 and a feeding pallet cushion block 21, and the pallet bracket 22 is installed on the front of the main shaft drilling die support seat 10. side. The feeding supporting plate mechanism can be installed on any spindle drilling mold supporting seat according to the position requirements of the main journal of the supported crankshaft.

The clamp assembly of the present invention is based on different crankshafts, such as four cylinders or six cylinders, to assemble the clamps. First, assemble the crankshaft spindle clamping mechanism, connecting rod positioning mechanism, spindle drilling frame mechanism, feeding bracket mechanism, and connecting rod drilling frame mechanism according to the parts, and then assemble with the clamping body according to needs, such as four cylinders. It consists of five main journals and four connecting rod journals. The crankshaft spindle clamping mechanism is installed on the first and fifth main journals at both ends of the main shaft, and the spindle drilling mold frame and feeding pallet mechanism are installed on the second and fourth main journals. When installing the middle main journal, the feeding bracket may not be installed, and the connecting rod drill frame and positioning column mechanism shall be installed at the corresponding positions of the four connecting rod journals (the positioning column mechanism shall only be installed at the first and second connecting rod journals of the four cylinders, which can also be seen need to be installed). Other types of crankshafts can be assembled with reference to this method.

When in use, still taking the four-cylinder crankshaft as an example, hang the second and fourth main journals of the crankshaft on the feeding pallet mechanism. The positioning column 19 is circumferentially positioned with the first connecting rod journal, and then the first and the fifth main journals at both ends are pushed to the first and fifth main journals of the pressing plate 5 to compress the crankshaft, and the extended drill sleeve is loaded on the connecting rod drilling template. The drill bit can then be drilled into the drill casing hole, drill the first and fifth main journals and the first and fourth connecting rod journal oil holes, then loosen the pressure plate, pull out the positioning column and the extended drill sleeve, and turn the crankshaft to the second Install the positioning column at the connecting rod neck for circumferential positioning, press the first and fifth main journals with the pressure plate in the same way as above, install the extended drill sleeve on the second and third connecting rod neck templates, and drill the second and third main journals. The four main journals and the second and third connecting rod journal oil holes can be removed to complete the processing of all the main journals and connecting rod journal oil holes of a crankshaft.

Claims (8)

1. clamp for drilling oil hole on crankshaft, it comprises clamp body, clamp mechanism, the connecting rod detent mechanism, the drill jig frame mechanism, it is characterized in that described clamp mechanism is provided with the drill jig supporting base, pressing plate, interchangeable cushion block, the drill jig supporting base is removable to be installed on the clamp body, pressing plate is installed on the pressing plate pillar on the drill jig supporting base by hinge pin, the pressing plate bottom is provided with a hold-down bolt, hold-down bolt screws in and passes pressing plate, withstand on the drill jig supporting base, its outer end is installed and is provided with the one handle bar, the turn-knob hold-down bolt compresses or unclamps trunnion by the hinge pin leverage on pressing plate and the pressing plate pillar, realizes the loading and unloading bent axle; Described connecting rod detent mechanism comprises reference column, backing plate, and backing plate is removable to be installed on the clamp body, and backing plate is provided with locating hole, and reference column is installed in the removable backing plate locating hole, the connecting rod neck of reference column top-supported location bent axle; Described drill jig frame mechanism comprises drill jig supporting base, bushing plate, drill bushing, and bushing plate is fixed on drill jig supporting base top, and drill bushing is installed on the bushing plate.

2. clamp for drilling oil hole on crankshaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be provided with feeding supporting plate mechanism, it comprises pallet stand and feeding supporting plate cushion block, and pallet stand is installed in drill jig supporting base front side.

3. clamp for drilling oil hole on crankshaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pressing plate is provided with orthogonal two elongated holes, and pressing plate can move up and down along pressing plate pillar and hinge pin by elongated hole.

4. clamp for drilling oil hole on crankshaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described interchangeable cushion block is installed on the drill jig supporting base by vertical and level two directions, guarantees that the crank spindle center is constant.

5. clamp for drilling oil hole on crankshaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described drill jig frame mechanism is a main shaft drill jig frame mechanism.

6. clamp for drilling oil hole on crankshaft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described drill jig frame mechanism is a connecting rod drill jig frame mechanism, correspondingly, drill jig supporting base, bushing plate, the drill bushing that described drill jig frame mechanism is comprised is respectively connecting rod drill jig supporting base, connecting rod bushing plate, connecting rod and adds drill press socket, the connecting rod bushing plate is fixed on connecting rod drill jig supporting base top, and connecting rod adds drill press socket and is movably arranged on the connecting rod bushing plate.

7. clamp for drilling oil hole on crankshaft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described clamp body is provided with keyway and T-slot, be provided with square nut in the T-slot, drill jig supporting base bottom is provided with keyway and screw counter bore, by key and the screw, the square nut that cooperatively interact, the drill jig supporting base is removable to be installed on the clamp body.

8. clamp for drilling oil hole on crankshaft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described clamp body is provided with keyway and T-slot, be provided with square nut in the T-slot, the backing plate bottom of connecting rod detent mechanism is provided with keyway and screw counter bore, by key and the screw, the square nut that cooperatively interact, backing plate is removable to be installed on the clamp body.

Images