CN101623100B - Method of producing nutrition-fortified rice with fluidized-bed spraying technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method of producing nutrition-fortified rice with fluidized-bed spraying technology, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing clean rice, nutrition fortifier and corresponding coating agent; (2) blending nutrient and the coating agent evenly into emulsion solution which is nutrition solution; (3) spraying evenly 10-20 percent of the nutrition solution on to the surface of the clean rice at the speed of 5-20 r/m by fluidized-bed spraying equipment, with the temperature of a fluidized bed being kept at 25-35 DEG C; (4) keeping the clean rice sprayed with the nutrition solution still in a fluidized-bed spraying cavity and drying the clean rice at 25-35 DEG C; and (5) weighting and packaging the dried refined rice. Adopting the fluidized-bed spraying technology, the method of producing the nutrition-fortified rice can ensure that the nutrition-fortification effect of the rice is greatly improved.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing fluidized-bed spraying technology to produce nutrient enhancing rice

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing approach of rice, especially relate to a kind of method of utilizing fluidized-bed spraying technology to make nutrient enhancing rice.

Background technology

Rice is cereal the most general in the world wide, but the distribution situation of nutrient is very uneven in the rice, and contained vitamin, mineral matter and the protein of grain mainly concentrates in the top layer part and plumule of grain.Paddy obtains brown rice through cleaning, rice huller paddy, shelling, and brown rice grinds peeling layer (being rice bran) again, removes 8%～10% approximately, and remaining part accounts for 90%～92% of proper mass, is final products---whitened rice grains.In process, a chaff layer and a rice embryo overwhelming majority that rice itself is rich in protein, fat and micronutrient are removed, and what people ate is the endosperm part, and its main component is a starch, and protein content is very low, and amino acid is also uneven.Therefore, the brown rice degree of milling is high more, and loss such as protein, fat, mineral matter and vitamin is high more, and precision of rice is high more, and nutritive value is low more.

In addition, the loss of nutrient does not occur over just in the process, yet nutritious loss in cooking process.Processing from brown rice to the polished rice and cooking process from polished rice to the polished rice meal, Cobastab ₁Processing loss be 52.5%, the cooking loss rate is 62.5%, Cobastab ₂Processing loss be 33.33%, the cooking loss rate is 66.67%.

In order to solve this contradiction, rice fortification technology just grows up.Nutrient enhancing rice is mode, the reasonable process technology through safety, in general rice, adds nutrient that some rice lacks or other nutrient of special procuring and the rice finished product processed.

The rice fortification has three approach on the whole: one, utilize genetic engineering that seed rice is carried out genetic modification, make paddy have certain nutritive peculiarity, like the gold rice of Switzerland.Two, in growth process of riceplant, utilize the growing environment that changes paddy rice to reach the purpose of fortification, as producing enriched rice, rich selenium rice, rich iron rice and amino acid enriched rice etc. are arranged in the market through fertilising, feedwater and biological method.Three, in the rice process, utilize nutrition fortifier that rice is carried out fortification.

At present at the international level in, successful various nutrients reinforcement rice is processed by the third method basically.In the rice process, carry out fortification three kinds of common technologies are arranged: spraying process, nutrient infusion method and people's comminution granulation.Wherein the nutrient infusion method is not suitable for that industrialization is produced continuously, the nutrient use amount is big, energy consumption is higher; But though artificial nutrition grain continuous large-scale suitability for industrialized production, to the color of nutrient require high, can not carry out that small sample detects, equipment investment is higher relatively, energy consumption is higher, the equipment relative complex; And spraying process technology easy, be easy to that heavy industrialization is produced continuously, cost of investment is moderate, the nutrient that uses can have color, can small sample detect, occupation area of equipment is little, energy use amount is few.With regard to spraying process, effectively the adhering to of nutrient, and be the subject matter that faces to the influence of rice outward appearance and food flavor.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing fluidized-bed spraying technology to produce nutrient enhancing rice.

For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

The present invention includes following step:

1. get the raw materials ready, select clean rice, nutrition fortifier and corresponding paint;

2. modulation mixes nutrient and paint to emulsion liquid, and described emulsion liquid is a nutrient solution;

3. spraying utilizes fluidized-bed spraying equipment that the 2. middle nutrient solution of modulating of step is sprayed on the clean rice, makes grain of rice surface evenly scribble nutrient solution;

4. dry, the grain of rice that scribbles nutrient solution stayed in the fluidized-bed spraying storehouse, carry out drying;

5. pack, dried polished rice weighing, packing;

Described step 4. in, baking temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃; Described step 3. in, bed temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃, quantity for spray is 10%～20%; Spraying rate is 5～20r/m.

Step 1. in paint be 0.6%～1.0% guar gum.

Step 1. in nutrition fortifier comprise the combination of any one or at least two kinds in amino acid, vitamin and the mineral matter.

Above-mentioned amino acid is lysine.

Above-mentioned vitamin comprises Cobastab ₁, Cobastab ₂, any one or at least two kinds in nicotinic acid and the folic acid combination.

Above-mentioned mineral matter comprises the combination of any one or at least two kinds in molysite, zinc salt and the selenium salt.

Step 5. in, adopt efficient oxygen scavenger to pack.

The present invention of employing technique scheme, because employing fluidized-bed spraying technology is passed through the quantity for spray and the spraying rate of control fluid bed, the baking temperature when bed temperature when especially controlling spraying and drying improves the fortification efficient of rice greatly.Since the fine finishining of rice, VB ₁Less with the content of folic acid own, VB ₁Be merely 25% of reinforcement standard, do not contain folic acid, strengthen 100% and 93% of standard through strengthening to have reached respectively.Iron, zinc and nicotinic acid are upgraded to 91%, 113.6% and 92.9% by 49%, 56.8% and 51.4% of reinforcement standard respectively.The nutrient composition of above-mentioned enriched rice meets the critical field that GB14880-94 recommends basically.In the process of packing, adopt efficient oxygen scavenger, it can produce an almost oxygen-free environment in packing, and can make this environment keep the long period, absorbs free oxygen and any oxygen that sees through packaging material in the product.These tangible characteristics are that deoxidier is different with other physics deoxidizing, vacuum or inflation method, also are the performances of its superior characteristics.Moreover, Deoxygen Packaging need not add more equipment basically in operation, simple, convenient, uses flexibly, does not change former technology and just can thoroughly remove the oxygen in the pack environment.It is more safer, much cleaner than directly adding anti-oxidation additive in the product to enclose deoxidier in the packing of product.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a manufacturing process flow diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the influence figure of quantity for spray among the present invention to rice percent cracked rice and broken rice rate;

Fig. 3 is the influence figure of bed temperature among the present invention to rice percent cracked rice and broken rice rate;

Fig. 4 is the influence figure of spraying rate among the present invention to rice percent cracked rice and broken rice rate;

Table 1 is selected table for use for the nutrition fortifier of embodiment 1 among the present invention;

Table 2 is the fortification prescription of embodiment 1 among the present invention;

Table 3 is the fortification prescription of embodiment 2 among the present invention;

Table 4 is the fortification prescription of embodiment 3 among the present invention;

Table 5 is the fortification prescription of embodiment 4 among the present invention;

Table 6 is the fortification prescription of embodiment 5 among the present invention;

Table 7 is the fortification prescription of embodiment 6 among the present invention;

Table 8 is the fortification prescription of embodiment 7 among the present invention;

Table 9 is the fortification prescription of embodiment 8 among the present invention;

Table 10 is the influence table of baking temperature among the present invention to strengthening effect.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises following step:

1. get the raw materials ready, select clean rice, nutrition fortifier and corresponding paint;

2. modulation mixes nutrient and paint to emulsion liquid, and described emulsion liquid is a nutrient solution;

3. spraying utilizes fluidized-bed spraying equipment that the 2. middle nutrient solution of modulating of step is sprayed on the clean rice, makes grain of rice surface evenly scribble nutrient solution;

4. dry, the grain of rice that scribbles nutrient solution stayed in the fluidized-bed spraying storehouse, carry out drying;

5. pack, dried polished rice weighing, packing;

Step 3. in, bed temperature is 25 ℃, quantity for spray is 10%; Spraying rate is 20r/m.Step 4. in, baking temperature is 25 ℃; Step 5. in, adopt efficient oxygen scavenger to pack.

According to this carrier of rice, we have selected this paint of guar gum from edible films such as guar gum, carragheen, sodium alginate, cyclodextrin.It has colourless, tasteless, and suitable viscosity and dissolubility are arranged, good film-forming property, bright and clean advantage such as bright, present embodiment step 1. in, it is 0.6% guar gum that paint is selected consumption for use.

In the present invention, the concrete pairing nutrition fortifier of nutrient selects for use table as shown in table 1.

Table 1

In the present embodiment, step 1. in nutrition fortifier comprise vitamin and mineral matter.Above-mentioned vitamin comprises Cobastab ₁, nicotinic acid and folic acid mixing; Above-mentioned mineral matter is molysite and zinc salt.Its concrete fortification prescription is as shown in table 2.

The nutrient title	Hardening agent	Nutrient requirement (a)	Nutrient actual amount (A)
				VB 1	Thiamine mononitrate is plain	3.5mg	4.35mg
Folic acid	Pteroylglutamic acid	2mg	2.63mg
				Nicotinic acid	Nicotinic acid	35mg	21.4mg
Iron	The EDTA ferrisodium	20mg	102mg
				Zinc	Zinc lactate	25mg	61.4mg

Table 2

The use amount of the rice nutrition fortifier in the table 2 is on the basis of rice reinforcing formulation that country is recommended and DRIs DRIs; In conjunction with the nutritive peculiarity of rice itself and the nutritional need characteristics of different crowd, a kind of public of design strengthens the rice nutrient formulation.

Brown rice is to the process of polished rice and the cooking process from polished rice to the polished rice meal, and vitamin and mineral matter class nutrient can be lost, and are necessary so rice is suitably strengthened; Relate generally to following three types of hardening agents at present: amino acids, vitamins and mineral matter class; Only use lysine reinforcement separately of China at present aspect the fortification of vitamin and mineral matter, considers that Chinese are main body with cereal in the amino acids; The diet structure characteristics that the vegetables feed is more; And the reinforcement cost, keeping multiple factors such as rice tradition color and luster and taste, we are forced for vitamins B ₁, nicotinic acid, folic acid, iron and zinc etc.When selecting the different hardening agent of intensified element of the same race for use, should follow the basic principle that hardening agent uses, in the hope of the fortification effect of the best.

The nutritional quality of protein depends on necessary amino acid whose composition and the ratio that it is contained, and lysine belongs to one of 8 kinds of essential amino acids, also is the maximum amino acid of requirement.Lysine and threonine content in the rice are lower, so lysine becomes first limiting amino acid of rice.Its content is merely 1/3 of animal protein content such as poultry, the flesh of fish, and in the diet structure of China, vegetable protein accounts for 70% of gross protein, and standard is added according to the rules in cereal preparation, can improve the biological value of phytoprotein exponentially.Research shows, in cereal, adds 1g L-lysine, can increase the available protein of 10g, makes its nutritive value almost reach the animal protein level.Therefore, it is very necessary strengthening lysine in the rice.

Human body when a certain aminos, will cause other amino acid whose deficiencies to the amino acid whose problem that needs an equilibrium.Therefore, it is the area of protein main source that the reinforcement of lysine only is suitable for the vegetable protein, and can not lysine be regarded as the more the better.

L-lysine stable very poor therefore often adopts lysine salt to use as hardening agent.Salt commonly used has L-lysine hydrochloride, L-lysine aspartate and L-lysine glutamate.Lysine hydrochloride is colourless, tasteless crystalline powder, and is soluble in water, to the not influence of color of food.Lysine aspartate and lysine glutamate are white powder, soluble in water, but peculiar smell is arranged, and should note the taste-affect to food during use.Lysine is mainly used in the reinforcement that relies base acid in the cereal products, it should be noted, in use original content in the considered food.

Cobastab ₁Claim thiamine again, be white crystals, water-soluble, smell is like yeast, and thiamine is stable under acid condition, has good hear resistance, is difficult for oxidizedly, but under neutral and alkali condition, stablizes inadequately, and is easy oxidized and lose activity.Cobastab ₁The staple form be its hydrochloride and nitrate, aneurin salt is white tiny crystallization, bitter; In air, be prone to deliquescence, very easily water-soluble, because of its loss when food processing, the culinary art bigger; And have peculiar smell to take place, generally adopt other derivative of thiamine.The nitric acid thiamine is a white powder, and odorless dissolves in the water part omitted, but because its hygroscopicity is little, higher to alkali or aerial stable type than aneurin, so the effect in food adds is better than aneurin.Benzene sulphur thiamine is owing to have the stink of similar garlic, and bitter taste should not be used for the reinforcement of rice, though the dibenzoyl thiamine has the water insoluble reinforcement that can not be used for rice of stability preferably.But dibenzoyl thiamine hydrochloride can be water-soluble, and stable in properties, is optimal rice nutrition fortifier.

Nicotinic acid and acyl ammonia thereof are nicotinoyl ammonia, also are niacin ammonia V _PP, both have same biological value, are the most stable a kind of in the vitamin, not destroyed by light, heat, oxygen, are white, needle-shaped crystals, odorless, and little acid of distinguishing the flavor of, soluble in water.Nicotinic acid in the cereal mainly is present in the wheat bran rice bran, as long as the meals collocation rationally, generally deficiency disease can not occur.Lack the regional resident of non-staple food again like the smart face of long-term use polished rice, be prone to deficiency disease, typical symptoms is a dermatitis, diarrhoea, and dementia is so-called three D symptoms.Nicotinic acid exists with the form of nicotinoyl ammonia in vivo, the V that condensed food is used _PPMostly be nicotinoyl ammonia.

According to U.S. children health care and human investigation of growing research institute, women's period of gestation is taken the generation that folic acid helps to reduce deformed child more; Especially brain and deformity of spine youngster's incidence can reduce near half the.Increase 100mg folic acid every day like the pregnant woman, the incidence of this type deformed child can reduce 22%, like edible 400mg every day, can reduce 44%.U.S. FDA is from January, 1994 regulation, and the cereal that pregnant age, the women ate, flour and bread all need be strengthened folic acid, makes the women in pregnant age more than 90% take in folic acid 400mg every day from various food at least.To guarantee before gestation, just to obtain enough folic acid, and last till pregnant 6 weeks.

Folic acid is a kind of faint yellow to orange-yellow crystalline powder, is slightly soluble in water, and is unstable in acid solution, also unstable to heat, meets more destructible of light, is the most stable under 7 the condition at PH.Commercial folic acid hardening agent commonly used is a pteroylglutamic acid, and stability better is mainly used in the reinforcement of baby food, health food, cereal and beverage.Folic acid is under normal circumstances used does not find toxic reaction.

As everyone knows, because Chinese eating habit, Patients with iron deficiency anemia is more.Whole nation nutrition condition census data also shows; The incidence of disease of children, teenager's hypoferric anemia is higher; Adding the women loses blood and special physiological such as pregnancy, lactation period in the peculiar menstrual period; China hypoferric anemia crowd enormous amount, so there is huge market potential in the iron nourishing reinforced food, numerous food product enterprise also introduces the iron nourishing reinforced food to the market as main product.

GB14880-94; The molysite of having ratified to use has ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous lactate, ironic citrate, ferric citrate amine, ferrous fumarate etc.; Heme iron, ferrous carbonate, Ferrous Fumarate, ferrous succinate, reduced iron, electrolytic iron etc. also can be used for the fortification of food iron in addition, and the iron enriched nutrient that up-to-date approval is used also has PORPHYRIN IRON, ferrous glycine, ferric pyrophosphate, Ferric Sodium Edetate etc.

Iron generally is divided into two types in the meals, heme iron and nonheme iron.Heme iron mainly is the iron that combines in the ferroheme, is present in the muscle and blood of animal PORPHYRIN IRON and all belong to this type by the heme iron that pig blood extracts.When the human body asiderosis, can reach more than 40% the absorptivity of heme iron.The molysite that is present in plant food and the dairy products all belongs to nonheme iron, and the human absorptivity is 5～10%.Many researchs show that the absorption of Ferric Sodium Edetate EDTA-FeNa is apparently higher than other nonheme iron, and the average absorption rate is 2 times of ferrous sulfate, receives dietary factors influencing also less.

When molysite is used for food nutrient fortifying; Have 3 problems to be noted that 1. stability: ferrous sulfate belongs to ionic compound, and it is extremely unstable to be dissolved in the ferrous ion that dissociates behind the water, and major part is oxidized to trivalent ion in food processing process; Absorptivity reduces; Lose the fortification effect, so ferrous sulfate is eliminated gradually, the stability of micromolecular compounds such as ferrous gluconate, ferrous lactate, ferrous citrate is also relatively poor.PORPHYRIN IRON and heme iron good stability, good absorbing, but price is very high, and normal food enterprise can't accept; 2. smell: most of molysite all have a kind of special " iron rust flavor "; Mouthfeel influence to food is bigger, and the molysite that has itself just has " iron rust flavor ", like ferrous lactate; The molysite that has produces " iron rust flavor " after processing; Like ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate etc., this " iron rust flavor " can have a strong impact on the palatability of condensed food, must avoid the use of this molysite when particularly producing the food that supplies infants; 3. color and luster: the color of some molysite is darker; Like ferric citrate amine, ironic citrate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous gluconate, heme iron etc.; That mostly its color is is brown, bronzing etc., and considered is to the influence of food color in use, when particularly using dry mixing process and adding; Its dark colour particle usually can cause that the consumer misreads, and thinks to contain foreign matter in the food and suffer that quality complains.In addition, because ferrous ion is easy to be oxidized to trivalent ion after processing, its color is little brown, also can produce certain influence to the color and luster of food.

EDTA-FeNa is a kind of huge legendary turtle mould assembly iron enriched nutrient, for light yellow to brown ceramic powder, odorless; Slight iron rust flavor, slightly hygroscopicity is soluble in water; Solubility in water is about 10%, and under 20 ℃ of situation, research in the last few years confirms that the EDTA-FeNa bioavailability is high; Dissolubility is good, iron-free flavor, no gastrointestinal irritation, other trace elements absorbed is not had influence.Particularly do not receive the influence of inhibitor such as phytic acid and do not cause the food oxidation, strengthened at the iron of promulgation in 2006 by WHO and classified the ferrous-fortifier that the iron reinforcement should be selected in the guide as.Increasing food or nutritious supplementary pharmaceutical, health food is inclined to use when selecting ferrous-fortifier.

Zinc is one of indispensable element of child development, though content in vivo only has 2～2.5 grams, less than ferro element half, is undertaking crucial physiology mission.Zinc can promote to grow, wound healing, the enhancement sense of taste and appetite, raising immunologic function, promote short and small patient's in puberty growth and sexal maturity.The pregnant woman lacks zinc can cause fetal anomaly and baby's NTD, and the normal blood zinc level of pregnant woman is 86 μ g/100ml, produces the blood zinc level average out to 64 μ g/100ml of deformed child.And make the baby's poor memory day after tomorrow, and be irreversibility.Need the zinc phase mainly embryonic period, embryonic phase, the childhood, puberty and pregnancy and lactation.

The zinc salt that can be used for fortification has zinc lactate, zinc gluconate, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride, zinc acetate, zinc oxide, glycine zine etc.; But commonly used mainly is zinc lactate and zinc gluconate; Wherein the bioavailability with zinc gluconate is the highest, is about 1.6 times of zinc sulfate.Inorganic zinc has certain spread effect to stomach.Its proterties is a white powder, and dissolubility is good, free from extraneous odour, and no matter which kind of schedule of reinforcement does not all have obvious influence to the color, smell and taste of food, can rationally add according to relative national standards and crowd's dosage.

Selenium is the essential trace element of physiology, and its major physiological function is an antioxidation, and selenium deficiency can make body that the sensitivity of tumour and angiocardiopathy is increased.Lack the selenium animal and muscular dystrophy, sterile and hepatosis can occur.Find again that in recent years that selenium has is anti-ageing, suppress tumor growth and diffusion, and is of value to angiocardiopathy and arthritic control.Prevent and treat Keshan disease with sodium selenite and obtained good effect.The selenium hardening agent of China comprises 2 types of inorganic selenium hardening agent and organic selenium hardening agents, and the inorganic selenium hardening agent mainly contains sodium selenite and sodium selenate; Organic selenium hardening agent mainly contains selenoprotein, Se-enriched yeast, k-selenocarrageenan, i.e. the selenizing OK a karaoke club.Sodium selenite is colourless crystallization, and is soluble in water, is present purposes selenium hardening agent the most widely, and the Chang Zuowei selenium source replenishes human body selenium, also is present the most frequently used animal and fowl fodder selenium source replenishers.

The process of its reinforcement is mainly:

Press requirement with various nutrition fortifier weighing good dissolvings in a certain amount of distilled water, stir and to make its dissolving, then load weighted guar gum is slowly joined in the nutrient solution, and constantly stirs, stir with mixer at last it mixed.

The requirement of actual nutritional agents can be according to the content of certain nutrient after strengthening; The actual content of certain nutrient of rice before strengthening; The storage rate of process and certain nutrient of storing during boiling, and the institute's nutritional agents component content that adopts calculating, computing formula is following:

$A=\frac{a-a^{\′}}{\mathrm{bc}}$

In the formula,

The a-enriched rice needs certain nutrient content;

Certain nutrient actual content of rice before a '-reinforcement;

B-, measured the nutrient content of actual addition enriched rice and the nutrient content behind the cooking rice in the experimental stage, calculated the storage rate of certain nutrient, often got empirical value 80%;

The nutrient content that the commercially available nutritional agents of c-marks;

The actual amount of certain nutrient of A-preparing nutrient solution.

According to above-mentioned computing formula, can draw content like nutrient in the listed hardening agent of table 2.

The control of nutrient solution addition; The accurate peristaltic pump of BT00-300M type has been adopted in nutrient solution addition and the control of adding speed; Rotating speed can be regulated in 0.1～300r/m scope through preposition film key continuously; The digital rotating speed of preposition 3 LED shows that running is steady, accurate, friction, has guaranteed accuracy and uniformity that nutrient solution adds.

Quantity for spray refers to that the aqueous solution of composite nutrient accounts for the percentage that is reinforced the rice gross weight; Under the certain situation of spraying rate; Increase quantity for spray and certainly will strengthen spray time; And it is more that grain of rice moisture is raise, and prolonging spray time and also can increase mechanical energy consumption in drying time like this, so under the prerequisite that guarantees spraying effect, should reduce quantity for spray as much as possible.

As shown in Figure 2, curve A is represented percent cracked rice, and curve B is represented broken rice rate.Rice is along with its percent cracked rice of increase and the broken rice rate of quantity for spray all raise, and at quantity for spray more after a little while, promptly 5～20% o'clock, more little to its percent cracked rice influence, to almost not influence of broken rice rate.But quantity for spray very little, can cause the increase of nutrient concentration, causes spraying inhomogeneous.In the present embodiment, quantity for spray is controlled at 10%.

In addition, bed temperature is to influence the most important factor of the outside sense organ of rice.Because hot-air is the medium that forms bed, so EAT directly determines the height of bed temperature.

As shown in Figure 3, curve C is represented percent cracked rice, and curve D is represented broken rice rate.In the higher temperature stage, as 30～50 ℃, temperature is bigger to the influence of percent cracked rice and broken rice rate generally, along with the rising of temperature is in rising trend.When bed temperature was 80 ℃, percent cracked rice and broken rice rate were all very high, grain of rice rough surface, and tarnish almost loses commodity value.When bed temperature was 50 ℃, percent cracked rice and broken rice rate obviously descended, but there is slight be full of cracks on grain of rice surface, and glossiness is bad, and some turns white.When temperature was 30 ℃, percent cracked rice and broken rice rate were merely 12% and 6.4%, and the outward appearance of the grain of rice does not almost have difference with original rice, and glossiness is also better.When temperature was 20 ℃, because temperature is too low, wind can not be taken away the moisture on grain of rice surface very soon, does not reach balance between hydrojet and the drying, causes the grain of rice wet excessively.Because wet excessively, the grain of rice can be bonded on the base, or sticks together between the grain of rice.Can cause the clothing film damaged, inhomogeneous like this.Avoided wet phenomenon, and can increase EAT or reduce hydrojet speed.

As shown in Figure 4, curve E represents percent cracked rice, and curve F represents broken rice rate.At quantity for spray one timing spraying rate is the direct embodiment of spray time.Simultaneously speed also is to cause quick-fried waist and produce a reason of cracking rice, and is too fast like speed, makes the inside and outside humidity difference of rice bigger, causes that easily quick-fried waist and generation crack rice.Bed temperature is 25 ℃, and quantity for spray is 10%, and baking temperature is under 28 ℃ of conditions, and overall spraying rate is big more, and percent cracked rice and broken rice rate are relatively large.

As shown in table 10, dry purpose is to make the moisture of rice be reduced to 15% safe moisture, is beneficial to storage.In the present invention, adopt the air dried method of heating.Dry speed is the principal element of control broken rice rate, and drying is too fast, and there are the very steep gradation of moisture in grain surface and heart portion, thereby produce certain stress, and grain discharges stress through producing quick-fried waist on certain phase, makes to produce and cracks rice.Spraying adopts 50 ℃, 40 ℃, 28 ℃ to carry out drying respectively after accomplishing, and baking temperature is as shown in table 10 to the influence of rice quality.Show that baking temperature is high more, the quality of enriched rice is poor more.Because hot-air has just been taken away the portion of water on grain of rice surface when spraying, as long as blast the low-temperature heat air at drying stage, in a few minutes grain of rice moisture is reduced to about 15%, and can guarantee rice exterior quality preferably.In the present embodiment, baking temperature is elected 28 ℃ as.

Baking temperature/℃	Percent cracked rice/%	Broken rice rate/%	Outward appearance
				50	56	12.9	Tarnish is turned white
40	20	8.2	Matt
				28	9	6.3	Glossy

Table 10

Step 5. in, adopt efficient oxygen scavenger to pack.Because most of moulds all are aerobic bacterias, under the situation that suitable nutrient, moisture and oxygen are arranged, mould is that so-called mildew generally needs 3～5 day time from growth, development breeding.Behind the mildew, the organize proterties and the color thereof of rice will be damaged.Can become when serious and do not meet hygienic requirements, can not supply human consumption.And the metabolism of some mould is noxious material, after eating, will cause the person poultry poisoning, and is carcinogenic even dead.And use oxygen scavenger can in 1～2 day or shorter time, make oxygen content in the airtight container less than 0.1%, and promptly basic anaerobic, this just makes the aerobism mould because of having lost the necessary condition-oxygen in the metabolic processes, and can't grow.Simultaneously storage pest can not growth and breeding, is to control at all with the oxygen scavenger mildew and insect proof therefore, and oxygen scavenger is nontoxic, tasteless, pollution-free to rice.Especially in summer of high temperature and yellow plum weather, can make the rice smooth mistake summer.Simultaneously, can keep the nutrition fortifier of strengthening in the rice preferably, oxygen scavenger packing iron, zinc, folic acid and nicotinic acid can keep 97.3%～98.8%.

Embodiment 2

As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises following step:

1. get the raw materials ready, select clean rice, nutrition fortifier and corresponding paint;

2. modulation mixes nutrient and paint to emulsion liquid, and described emulsion liquid is a nutrient solution;

3. spraying utilizes fluidized-bed spraying equipment that the 2. middle nutrient solution of modulating of step is sprayed on the clean rice, makes grain of rice surface evenly scribble nutrient solution;

4. dry, the grain of rice that scribbles nutrient solution stayed in the fluidized-bed spraying storehouse, carry out drying;

5. pack, dried polished rice weighing, packing;

Step 3. in, bed temperature is 26 ℃, quantity for spray is 11%; Spraying rate is 18r/m.Step 4. in, baking temperature is 26 ℃; Step 5. in, adopt efficient oxygen scavenger to pack.

According to this carrier of rice, we have selected this paint of guar gum from edible films such as guar gum, carragheen, sodium alginate, cyclodextrin.It has colourless, tasteless, and suitable viscosity and dissolubility are arranged, good film-forming property, bright and clean advantage such as bright, present embodiment step 1. in, it is 0.65% guar gum that paint is selected consumption for use.

In the present embodiment, step 1. in nutrition fortifier comprise vitamin and mineral matter.Above-mentioned vitamin comprises Cobastab ₁, nicotinic acid and folic acid mixing; Above-mentioned mineral matter is molysite and zinc salt.Its concrete fortification prescription is as shown in table 3.

The nutrient title	Hardening agent	Nutrient requirement (a)	Nutrient actual amount (A)
				VB 1	Dibenzoyl thiamine hydrochloride	3.5mg	4.35mg
Folic acid	Pteroylglutamic acid	2mg	2.63mg
				Nicotinic acid	Nicotinic acid	35mg	21.4mg
Iron	Ferric pyrophosphate	20mg	47.6mg
				Zinc	Zinc gluconate	25mg	108mg

Table 3

The use amount of the rice nutrition fortifier in the table 3 is on the basis of rice reinforcing formulation that country is recommended and DRIs DRIs; In conjunction with the nutritive peculiarity of rice itself and the nutritional need characteristics of different crowd, the another kind of public of design strengthens the rice nutrient formulation.

The computational methods of its concrete strengthening process and nutrition fortifier are identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3

As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises following step:

1. get the raw materials ready, select clean rice, nutrition fortifier and corresponding paint;

2. modulation mixes nutrient and paint to emulsion liquid, and described emulsion liquid is a nutrient solution;

3. spraying utilizes fluidized-bed spraying equipment that the 2. middle nutrient solution of modulating of step is sprayed on the clean rice, makes grain of rice surface evenly scribble nutrient solution;

4. dry, the grain of rice that scribbles nutrient solution stayed in the fluidized-bed spraying storehouse, carry out drying;

5. pack, dried polished rice weighing, packing;

Step 3. in, bed temperature is 28 ℃, quantity for spray is 13%; Spraying rate is 15r/m.Step 4. in, baking temperature is 27 ℃; Step 5. in, adopt efficient oxygen scavenger to pack.

According to this carrier of rice, we have selected this paint of guar gum from edible films such as guar gum, carragheen, sodium alginate, cyclodextrin.It has colourless, tasteless, and suitable viscosity and dissolubility are arranged, good film-forming property, bright and clean advantage such as bright, present embodiment step 1. in, it is 0.7% guar gum that paint is selected consumption for use.

In the present embodiment, step 1. in nutrition fortifier only comprise vitamin.Above-mentioned vitamin comprises Cobastab ₁, Cobastab ₂Mixing with folic acid.Its concrete fortification prescription is as shown in table 4.

The nutrient title	Hardening agent	Nutrient requirement (a)	Nutrient actual amount (A)
				VB 1	Dibenzoyl thiamine hydrochloride	3.5mg	4.35mg
VB 2	Riboflavin	3.5mg	4.35mg
				Folic acid	Pteroylglutamic acid	2mg	2.63mg
Nicotinic acid	Nicotinic acid	35mg	21.4mg
				Iron	Ferric pyrophosphate	20mg	47.6mg
Zinc	Zinc gluconate	25mg	108mg

Table 4

Rice nutriment use amount in the table 4 is decided according to the recommended formula of national RETA project rice fortification.The pairing nutrition fortifier of each nutrient is as shown in table 1 in the table 4.

The computational methods of its concrete strengthening process and nutrition fortifier are identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 4

As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises following step:

1. get the raw materials ready, select clean rice, nutrition fortifier and corresponding paint;

2. modulation mixes nutrient and paint to emulsion liquid, and described emulsion liquid is a nutrient solution;

3. spraying utilizes fluidized-bed spraying equipment that the 2. middle nutrient solution of modulating of step is sprayed on the clean rice, makes grain of rice surface evenly scribble nutrient solution;

4. dry, the grain of rice that scribbles nutrient solution stayed in the fluidized-bed spraying storehouse, carry out drying;

5. pack, dried polished rice weighing, packing;

Step 3. in, bed temperature is 30 ℃, quantity for spray is 15%; Spraying rate is 12r/m.Step 4. in, baking temperature is 29 ℃; Step 5. in, adopt efficient oxygen scavenger to pack.

According to this carrier of rice, we have selected this paint of guar gum from edible films such as guar gum, carragheen, sodium alginate, cyclodextrin.It has colourless, tasteless, and suitable viscosity and dissolubility are arranged, good film-forming property, bright and clean advantage such as bright, present embodiment step 1. in, it is 0.75% guar gum that paint is selected consumption for use.

In the present embodiment, step 1. in nutrition fortifier comprise vitamin and mineral matter.Above-mentioned vitamin is Cobastab ₁Above-mentioned mineral matter comprises molysite and selenium salt.Its concrete nutrient intensifying agent prescription is as shown in table 5.

The nutrient title	Hardening agent	DRIs/d	Nutrient requirement (a)	Nutrient actual amount (A)
					VB 1	Thiamine mononitrate is plain	1.3mg	3.25mg	4.03mg
Iron	The EDTA ferrisodium	12mg	30mg	200mg
					Selenium	Sodium selenite	50μg	140μg	235.5μg

Table 5

Wherein selenium is by the lower limit of the cereal amount of reinforcement 140～280ug that stipulates among the 14880-94, and other all can satisfy 1/2 of human body requirement by edible 200g rice for each person every day and calculate.

The use amount of the rice nutrition fortifier in the table 5 is to formulate according to the elderly's bodily trait.Thiamine, i.e. VB ₁In carbohydrate and energetic supersession, has important function as carboxylase, transketolase.The elderly is to Cobastab ₁Utilization rate reduce, so quantity delivered should be abundant, every day meals to recommend quantity delivered be 1.3mg/d.

The elderly descends to the absorbability of iron, and hematopoiesis function goes down, and content of hemoglobin reduces, and is prone to but iron property anaemia, is about about 50% according to domestic report the elderly anaemia illness rate.The intake of its reason deironing is not enough, absorb outside the difference, also maybe with synthetic minimizing, the VB of protein ₂, VB ₆And folic acid deficiency is relevant.

Therefore the intake of iron also need be replenished, and it is 12mg/d that the quantity delivered of the elderly's dietary iron is recommended by China NI.Also should eat the absorption that the vegetable and fruit that is rich in VC is beneficial to iron simultaneously.

" selenium " is the most important mineral nutrient of life-saving, the effect that have the opposing free radical, improves immunity.The normal operation that human body wants to earn a bare living must be absorbed enough selenium from things.China is a scarce selenium big country, investigates according to the geologist: the area of China 72% belongs to and lacks selenium and low selenium area, so natural plants selenium contents such as grain are lower, thereby causes human body to lack selenium.Recent two decades comes; World Science the man confirm through experimental study; Lack the relevant illness of selenium and particularly endanger the healthy illness of the elderly: cardio-cerebrovascular disease, cerebral thrombus, atonic constipation, senile hypertension, apoplexy, endocrine metabolism property disease, diabetes, prostatic hyperplasia, encephalatrophy etc. are all relevant with scarce selenium, and it is closely related with the senior health and fitness to mend selenium.

Its concrete strengthening process is identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 5

As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises following step:

1. get the raw materials ready, select clean rice, nutrition fortifier and corresponding paint;

2. modulation mixes nutrient and paint to emulsion liquid, and described emulsion liquid is a nutrient solution;

3. spraying utilizes fluidized-bed spraying equipment that the 2. middle nutrient solution of modulating of step is sprayed on the clean rice, makes grain of rice surface evenly scribble nutrient solution;

4. dry, the grain of rice that scribbles nutrient solution stayed in the fluidized-bed spraying storehouse, carry out drying;

5. pack, dried polished rice weighing, packing;

Step 3. in, bed temperature is 32 ℃, quantity for spray is 16%; Spraying rate is 10r/m.Step 4. in, baking temperature is 30 ℃; Step 5. in, adopt efficient oxygen scavenger to pack.

According to this carrier of rice, we have selected this paint of guar gum from edible films such as guar gum, carragheen, sodium alginate, cyclodextrin.It has colourless, tasteless, and suitable viscosity and dissolubility are arranged, good film-forming property, bright and clean advantage such as bright, present embodiment step 1. in, it is 0.8% guar gum that paint is selected consumption for use.

In the present embodiment, step 1. in nutrition fortifier comprise vitamin and mineral matter.Above-mentioned vitamin is Cobastab ₁Above-mentioned mineral matter comprises molysite and selenium salt.Its concrete nutrient intensifying agent prescription is as shown in table 6.

The nutrient title	Hardening agent	DRIs/d	Nutrient requirement (a)	Nutrient actual amount (A)
					VB 1	Thiamine mononitrate is plain	1.3mg	3.25mg	4.03mg
Iron	Ferric pyrophosphate	12mg	30mg	93.3mg
					Selenium	Sodium selenite	50μg	140μg	235.5μg

Table 6

The use amount of the rice nutrition fortifier in the table 6 is the another kind prescription of formulating according to the elderly's bodily trait.Thiamine, i.e. VB ₁In carbohydrate and energetic supersession, has important function as carboxylase, transketolase.The elderly is to Cobastab ₁Utilization rate reduce, so quantity delivered should be abundant, every day meals to recommend quantity delivered be 1.3mg/d.

Its concrete strengthening process is identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 6

As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises following step:

1. get the raw materials ready, select clean rice, nutrition fortifier and corresponding paint;

2. modulation mixes nutrient and paint to emulsion liquid, and described emulsion liquid is a nutrient solution;

3. spraying utilizes fluidized-bed spraying equipment that the 2. middle nutrient solution of modulating of step is sprayed on the clean rice, makes grain of rice surface evenly scribble nutrient solution;

4. dry, the grain of rice that scribbles nutrient solution stayed in the fluidized-bed spraying storehouse, carry out drying;

5. pack, dried polished rice weighing, packing;

Step 3. in, bed temperature is 33 ℃, quantity for spray is 17%; Spraying rate is 8r/m.Step 4. in, baking temperature is 31 ℃; Step 5. in, adopt efficient oxygen scavenger to pack.

According to this carrier of rice, we have selected this paint of guar gum from edible films such as guar gum, carragheen, sodium alginate, cyclodextrin.It has colourless, tasteless, and suitable viscosity and dissolubility are arranged, good film-forming property, bright and clean advantage such as bright, present embodiment step 1. in, it is 0.85% guar gum that paint is selected consumption for use.

In the present embodiment, step 1. in nutrition fortifier comprise vitamin and mineral matter.Above-mentioned vitamin comprises Cobastab ₁And folic acid; Above-mentioned mineral matter comprises molysite and zinc salt.Its concrete nutrient intensifying agent prescription is as shown in table 7.

The nutrient title	Hardening agent	DRIs/d	Nutrient requirement (a)	Nutrient actual amount (A)
					VB 1	Dibenzoyl thiamine hydrochloride	1.5mg	3.75mg	4.67mg
Folic acid	Pteroylglutamic acid	0.6mg	2mg	2.63mg
					Iron	The EDTA ferrisodium	30mg	75mg	350mg
Zinc	Zinc lactate	16mg	40mg	147mg

Table 7

Wherein folic acid is by the lower limit of the pregnant woman who stipulates among the 14880-94, wet nurse's special food amount of reinforcement 2000～4000ug, and other all can satisfy 1/2 of human body requirement by edible 200g rice for each person every day and calculate.

The use amount of the rice nutrition fortifier in the table 7 is to formulate according to pregnant woman's bodily trait.The women is after becoming pregnant, and the eubolism process in the body just begins to take place a series of variations.The needed various nutrition of embryo growth and development are mainly derived from parent, and pregnant woman itself also need be for childbirth and lactation storage certain nutrition element, so the pregnant woman needs more than usual nutrient.If maternal nutritional imbalance or not enough all will produce harmful effect to parent health and normal fetal development.Therefore, must adjust pregnant woman's nutrition and meals,, fully satisfy the various nutrient needs of embryo growth and development, guarantee baby's health to adapt to the special physiological needs of gestational period parent.

Parent increases in the consumption of pregnancy duration energy, because VB ₁Demand and energy consume relevant, VB ₁Increase 0.3mg every day approximately than non-pregnant woman woman.And VB ₁In vivo can not long term storage, therefore enough meals are taken in very important.The pregnant woman lacks VB ₁The time parent possibly not have tangible clinical manifestation, but after the fetus birth congenital athlete's foot possibly appear.VB in addition ₁Help to alleviate gestation and feel sick, the pregnancy period VB that China is recommended ₁Intake is 1.5mg/d.

The pregnant woman increases the demand of folic acid than usual greatly.Folic acid is to the normocytic facilitation that is formed with, and erythrocytic growth and maturation can be affected during shortage, cause macrocytic anemia.The bad pregnant woman of folic acid intake deficiency or nutrition condition is many with multiple negativity pregnancy outcome, comprises that the baby due body weight is low, placental abruption and NTD.Folic acid replenishes and should just begin at child-bearing period, because of fetus promptly germinates at pregnant early stage nerve channel.The folic acid intake is too high covers avitaminous hematological indices, possibly produce irreversible nervous system damage and delay treatment, and therefore, the folic acid magnitude of recruitment should be controlled at below the 1mg/d, and China's recommended intake is 600 μ g/d at present.

Pregnancy women hypoferric anemia incidence is higher.According to the most researchs of China, pregnancy period anaemia patient city can reach more than 20%, and the rural area can reach more than 40% or be higher, and average out to is more than 30%.Postpartum trimestral anaemia patient, the city decreases, does not reduce yet in the rural area, wherein about 80% is hypoferric anemia.Store and prevent sideropenic generation for keeping parent iron, the gestational period intake of iron should suitably increase, suitable intake is pregnant early stage 15mg/d, second trimester 25mg/d, pregnant late period 35mg/d.

The pregnant woman is the crowd of easy scarce zinc except that children, lack zinc area congenital deformity of nervous system take place more, this with the gestational period scarce zinc relevant.Zinc deficiency is not only because of latter half of gestation lacks zinc to the effect of neonate's deformity, but just is affected in early days embryoplastic.Chinese Soclety of Nutrition suggestion, the intake of zinc pregnant be 11.5mg/d in early days, pregnant in, be 16.5mg/d late period.Can satisfy the needs of parent and embryo growth and development.

Its concrete strengthening process is identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 7

As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises following step:

1. get the raw materials ready, select clean rice, nutrition fortifier and corresponding paint;

2. modulation mixes nutrient and paint to emulsion liquid, and described emulsion liquid is a nutrient solution;

3. spraying utilizes fluidized-bed spraying equipment that the 2. middle nutrient solution of modulating of step is sprayed on the clean rice, makes grain of rice surface evenly scribble nutrient solution;

4. dry, the grain of rice that scribbles nutrient solution stayed in the fluidized-bed spraying storehouse, carry out drying;

5. pack, dried polished rice weighing, packing;

Step 3. in, bed temperature is 34 ℃, quantity for spray is 19%; Spraying rate is 6r/m.Step 4. in, baking temperature is 33 ℃; Step 5. in, adopt efficient oxygen scavenger to pack.

According to this carrier of rice, we have selected this paint of guar gum from edible films such as guar gum, carragheen, sodium alginate, cyclodextrin.It has colourless, tasteless, and suitable viscosity and dissolubility are arranged, good film-forming property, bright and clean advantage such as bright, present embodiment step 1. in, it is 0.9% guar gum that paint is selected consumption for use.

In the present embodiment, step 1. in nutrition fortifier comprise vitamin and mineral matter.Above-mentioned vitamin comprises Cobastab ₁And folic acid; Above-mentioned mineral matter comprises molysite and zinc salt.Its concrete nutrient intensifying agent prescription is as shown in table 8.

The nutrient title	Hardening agent	DRIs/d	Nutrient requirement (a)	Nutrient actual amount (A)
					VB 1	Dibenzoyl thiamine hydrochloride	1.5mg	3.75mg	4.67mg
Folic acid	Pteroylglutamic acid	0.6mg	2mg	2.63mg
					Iron	Ferric pyrophosphate	30mg	75mg	163mg
Zinc	Zinc gluconate	16mg	40mg	258mg

Table 8

The use amount of the rice nutrition fortifier in the table 8 is the another kind prescription of formulating according to pregnant woman's bodily trait.

The other technologies characteristic is identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 8

As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises following step:

1. get the raw materials ready, select clean rice, nutrition fortifier and corresponding paint;

2. modulation mixes nutrient and paint to emulsion liquid, and described emulsion liquid is a nutrient solution;

3. spraying utilizes fluidized-bed spraying equipment that the 2. middle nutrient solution of modulating of step is sprayed on the clean rice, makes grain of rice surface evenly scribble nutrient solution;

4. dry, the grain of rice that scribbles nutrient solution stayed in the fluidized-bed spraying storehouse, carry out drying;

5. pack, dried polished rice weighing, packing;

Step 3. in, bed temperature is 35 ℃, quantity for spray is 20%; Spraying rate is 5r/m.Step 4. in, baking temperature is 35 ℃; Step 5. in, adopt efficient oxygen scavenger to pack.

According to this carrier of rice, we have selected this paint of guar gum from edible films such as guar gum, carragheen, sodium alginate, cyclodextrin.It has colourless, tasteless, and suitable viscosity and dissolubility are arranged, good film-forming property, bright and clean advantage such as bright, present embodiment step 1. in, it is 1% guar gum that paint is selected consumption for use.

In the present embodiment, step 1. in nutrition fortifier only comprise lysine.Its concrete nutrient intensifying agent prescription table is as shown in table 9.

The nutrient title	Recommended amounts	Nutrient requirement (a)	Nutrient actual amount (A)
				Lysine	1～2g	?1g	?1.56g

Table 9

To the regional resident who with the vegetable protein is the protein main source, designed reinforcement lysine formulation rice according to GB14880-94.

Its concrete strengthening process is identical with embodiment 1.

Claims (1)

1. method of utilizing fluidized-bed spraying technology to produce nutrient enhancing rice, it is characterized in that: it comprises following step:

1. get the raw materials ready, select clean rice, nutrition fortifier and corresponding paint; Described nutrition fortifier comprises the combination of any one or at least two kinds in lysine, vitamin and the mineral matter, and described paint is 0.6%～1.0% guar gum; Described vitamin comprises Cobastab ₁, Cobastab ₂, any one or at least two kinds in nicotinic acid and the folic acid combination; Described mineral matter comprises the combination of any one or at least two kinds in molysite, zinc salt and the selenium salt;

2. modulation mixes nutrient and paint to emulsion liquid, and described emulsion liquid is a nutrient solution;

3. spraying utilizes fluidized-bed spraying equipment that the 2. middle nutrient solution of modulating of step is sprayed on the clean rice, makes grain of rice surface evenly scribble nutrient solution;

4. dry, the grain of rice that scribbles nutrient solution stayed in the fluidized-bed spraying storehouse, carry out drying;

5. packing is with dried polished rice weighing and adopt efficient oxygen scavenger packing;

Described step 4. in, baking temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃; Described step 3. in, bed temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃, quantity for spray is 10%～20%; Described spraying rate is 5～20r/m.

Images