CN101617787A - Process for continuously extracting a plurality of products from highland barley - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for continuously extracting a plurality of products from highland barley, which comprises the following steps: (1) pulverizing highland barley raw material and screening highland barley flour and highland barley bran; (2) extracting and centrifugalizing the highland barley flour by alkaline solvent, collecting supernate and depositing and extracting albumen powder by acid; washing, freezing and drying the sediment at low temperature to obtain highland barley starch; (3) after the highland barley bran is extracted by a supercritical carbon dioxide technology or quenched by small polar solvent, obtaining highland barley bran oil; (4) after the degreased bran is ultrasonically extracted or stewed and centrifugalized by taking water as solvent, respectively obtaining powder containing highland barley beta-glucan and concentrated solution containing highland barley flavone and amino acid; and (5) after residues obtained in the step (4) are dried and pulverized in an ultramicro way, obtaining highland barley water insoluble fiber albumen powder. The process can continuously obtain six highland barley deep-processing products, effectively improves the utilization ratio of the highland barley and increases the utilization value of the highland barley.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing technology of highland barley product, relate in particular to a kind of technology of from highland barley, extracting multiple product continuously.
Background technology
Highland barley is a kind of of barley, claims hull-less barley, highland barley again, in Tibet, Qinghai one band common name highland barley.It is people from Tibetan a staple food crop, can make zanba, roasted qingke barley flour and barley wine with it.Long-term sown area of highland barley and total output account for 55～60% of total sown area of Tibet grain and gross output respectively, and gross output is about 600,000 tons.Highland barley contains abundant beta glucan, is the highest crop of beta glucan in the wheat crops in the world; Also contain dietary fiber, amylopectin, protein, rare nutritional labeling in the highland barley as containing thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin, vitamin E, these materials are grown promoting health all positive interactively; The mineral elements such as inorganic elements calcium, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc and trace elements of selenium that contain the multiple beneficial health.Highland barley has rich nutrient contents, therefore has abundant nutritive value and outstanding medicines and health protection effect.In the Qinghai-Tibet Platean of high and cold anoxic, be no lack of the centenarian why, this and normal food highland barley, the medical health care function effect outstanding with highland barley is undivided.Put down in writing according to supplement to the Herbal: highland barley, during the therapeutic method to keep the adverse qi flowing downward is wide, strong lean power, dehumidifying sweating, antidiarrheal.Tibetan medicine's ancient books and records " brilliant pearl book on Chinese herbal medicine " more highland barley as a kind of important drugs, be used for the treatment of multiple disease.
At present the deep processed product for highland barley mainly concentrates on the beta glucan Study on extraction process, and product is single, although remaining byproduct has very high nutritive value, only as simple feed or give it up, so the utilization rate of highland barley is not high.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provide a kind of fast, safety, the technology of from highland barley, extracting multiple product continuously of highland barley utilization rate of can improving.
For addressing the above problem, a kind of technology of extracting multiple product from highland barley continuously of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) raw material is handled: select cleaning, dry highland barley for use, obtain highland barley flour and highland barley bran respectively after grinding, crossing 200 mesh sieves;
(2) extraction of highland barley starch and albumen powder: after at first the highland barley flour of step (1) gained being added alkaline aqueous solution and stirs by 1: 8～1: 40 of its w/v, leave standstill, centrifugal, collect supernatant and sediment respectively; Then the gained sediment is washed to the pH value for neutral, through freezing, dry, must highland barley starch after pulverizing; The pH value of regulating the gained supernatant with acid is 2.5～5.0 at last, and centrifugal back collecting precipitation thing will this sediment drying, get the highland barley soy Protein powder after pulverizing;
(3) highland barley bran extracts: adopt super critical CO 2 technology to extract the highland barley bran of step (1) gained or with must highland barley bran behind the little polar solvent cold soaking;
(4) highland barley Beta-dextran extracts: at first with the wheat bran after the degreasing by 1: 10～1: 40 of its w/v add water through ultrasonic extraction or boiling, centrifugal after collection supernatant A and residue; In the supernatant A of gained, add 95% edible alcohol then, make its alcohol concentration reach 20～80% by volume after, leave standstill, centrifugal, respectively collecting precipitation thing and supernatant B; Secondly will must contain the highland barley Beta-dextran powder after collected sediment drying, the pulverizing; At last collected supernatant B is obtained containing highland barley flavone, amino acid whose concentrate after concentrating recovery ethanol;
(5) highland barley water insoluble fiber albumen powder: will obtain highland barley water insoluble fiber albumen powder after the residue drying of step (4) gained, the ultramicro grinding.
Highland barley raw material in the described step (1) is the ripe hull-less barley in the Hordeum cultivation barley.
Alkaline aqueous solution in the described step (2) is meant that mass concentration is 0.05～0.15% sodium hydrate aqueous solution.
Cryogenic temperature in the described step (2) is-4～18 ℃.
Acid in the described step (2) is meant that molar concentration is the hydrochloric acid of 0.1～1.0mol/L.
The extraction conditions that super critical CO 2 technology adopted in the described step (3) is meant that pressure is 15～40Mpa, and temperature is 25～45 ℃, and the time is 1～3h.
Little polar solvent cold soaking in the described step (3) is collected filtrate after being meant at first highland barley bran being added the benzinum cold soaking, filter by 1: 10～1: 30 of its w/v; Under 30～45 ℃ of temperature, reclaim the benzinum in the filtrate then; Last drying obtains highland barley bran.
Ultrasonic extraction conditions in the described step (4) is meant 40～80 ℃ of extraction temperature, and ultrasonic power is 100～400W, and ultrasonic time is 20～60min.
Boiling temperature in the described step (4) is 60～90 ℃.
A kind of adopt that aforesaid a kind of technology of extracting continuously multiple product from highland barley makes contain highland barley flavone, the application of amino acid whose concentrate in nutritious drink, it is characterized in that: with contain highland barley flavone, amino acid whose concentrate adds 0.5～3.0% honey, 3～15% sucrose, 0.1～1.5% white bur powder, 0.01～0.2% flavor enhancement, 30～80% pure water respectively by its percentage by weight, hybrid process becomes to have the nutritious drink of highland barley fragrance.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the present invention mainly adopts water as solvent, and is therefore safe and reliable.
2, because the extraction process among the present invention all adopts advanced super critical CO 2 technology and ultrasonic technique, and under relatively low temperature, extract, therefore save the energy, lowered energy consumption, be a kind of quick, efficient, energy-conservation, be easy to form the extraction process of industrialization, green safety.
3, because the present invention utilizes advanced extraction separation equipment,, can obtain six kinds of highland barley deep processed products simultaneously, therefore improve the utilization rate of highland barley, increase the value of highland barley by appropriate design.
The specific embodiment
1 one kinds of technologies of extracting multiple product from highland barley continuously of embodiment may further comprise the steps:
(1) raw material is handled:
The highland barley raw material is selected the ripe hull-less barley in Hordeum (Hordeun) the cultivation barley (Hor-detl11 sctivum) for use.Take by weighing and handle clean dry highland barley 50kg, the FMZ-278 type flour milling machine of producing with the big magnificent machinery plant of Linyi, Shandong Hedong District grinds, and obtains the highland barley flour of 35kg and the highland barley bran of 15kg respectively after crossing 200 mesh sieves.
(2) extraction of highland barley starch and albumen powder:
At first the highland barley flour 5kg of step (1) gained is placed the stainless steel agitator of 100L, add 0.05～0.15% sodium hydrate aqueous solution stirred by 1: 8～1: 40 of its w/v, after constantly stirring 30min, leave standstill 8～20h under the room temperature, centrifugal with the GF type high speed tube centrifuge that Zhangjagang City's prestige dragon centrifugal machine device fabrication Co., Ltd produces with the speed of 10000r/min, collect supernatant and sediment respectively.
It is neutral then the gained sediment being washed till the pH value with distilled water, freezing 4～16h under-4～18 ℃ of temperature, taking-up is put in the QC-O72 type low-temperature bake oven of Dongguan City power electronics technology of a specified duration Co., Ltd production, after drying under 45～60 ℃ of temperature, use the WFJ-15 type pulverizer of producing by the good kind drying equipment of Changzhou Co., Ltd to pulverize, get highland barley starch 3.8kg, its content of starch is 60～90%.
The pH value of regulating the gained supernatant with the hydrochloric acid of 0.1～1.0mol/L is 2.5～5.0 at last, precipitating proteins, with the high speed tube centrifuge with the centrifugal back of the speed of 10000r/min collecting precipitation thing, take out this sediment in 45～60 ℃ low-temperature bake oven dry or in the FDU-1100 of Tokyo Physico-chemical Apparatus Co., Ltd. freeze drier frozen drying, with getting highland barley soy Protein powder 400g after the pulverizer pulverizing, its albumen powder content is 40～70%.
(3) highland barley bran extracts:
With the highland barley bran 5kg of step (1) the gained HA221-40-12 type supercritical CO that Huaan, Nantong supercritical extract equipment Co., Ltd produces of packing into
2In the extraction equipment, at extracting pressure 15～40Mpa, 25～45 ℃ of extraction temperature, CO
2Extract under flow 20～50kg/h, the extraction time 1～3h condition, obtain highland barley bran 51.4g.Adopt Agilent 7890A/5975C type gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) (U.S. Agilent company) to record that unsaturated fatty acid content is 70～80% in the highland barley bran, content of vitamin E is 100～150mg/L.
(4) highland barley Beta-dextran extracts:
At first the wheat bran 4kg after the degreasing is put into the CTXNW-100B type combined type circulating ultrasonic extractor that the Beijing Hongxianglong Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd produces, add water by 1: 10～1: 40 of its w/v, in temperature is that 40～80 ℃, power are after 100～400W, ultrasonic time are to extract under the condition of 20～60min, centrifugal with the high speed tube centrifuge with the speed of 10000r/min, collect supernatant A and residue.
In the supernatant A of gained, add 95% edible alcohol then, make its alcohol concentration reach 20～80% by volume after, leave standstill 8～24h under the room temperature, centrifugal with the high speed tube centrifuge with the speed of 10000r/min, collecting precipitation thing and supernatant B respectively.
Secondly collected sediment is placed the HWFZ-6 type microwave vacuum dryer of producing by Zhuzhou China prestige industrial microwave apparatus Co., Ltd dry, and with obtaining canescence after the pulverizer pulverizing, containing the highland barley Beta-dextran powder; Record with enzyme process and to contain highland barley Beta-dextran 20～40%.
After the R5002K type Rotary Evaporators that collected supernatant B is produced with Wuxi Xing Hai king's biochemical equipment Co., Ltd concentrates and reclaims ethanol at last, obtain containing highland barley flavone, amino acid whose concentrate; Record total amino acid content 200～300mg/L with U.S. Waters 515 type amino-acid analyzers, the CARY300 type ultraviolet-visible full wavelength scanner instrument of producing with U.S. Varian company records highland barley general flavone 50～100mg/L, total reducing sugar 10～15%.
(5) highland barley water insoluble fiber albumen powder:
The residue of step (4) gained put in the microwave vacuum dryer dry, obtain highland barley water insoluble fiber albumen powder after the TC-10 micronizer of producing with Beijing Gylongli Sci.﹠Tech. Co., Ltd. is pulverized.Record according to GB/T 5009.88-2008 " mensuration of dietary fiber in the food " regulation that dietary fiber content is 40～50%, protein content is 30～40%.
A kind of adopt that above-mentioned technology makes contain highland barley flavone, amino acid whose concentrate can be applicable in the nutritious drink.Specific as follows: with 15～30g contain highland barley flavone, amino acid whose concentrate adds 0.5～3.0% honey, 3～15% sucrose, 0.1～1.5% white bur powder, 0.01～0.2% flavor enhancement, 30～80% pure water respectively by its percentage by weight, hybrid process becomes to have the nutritious drink of highland barley fragrance.
2 one kinds of technologies of extracting multiple product from highland barley continuously of embodiment may further comprise the steps:
(1) raw material is handled: take by weighing and handle clean dry highland barley 50kg, grind with flour milling machine, and obtain the highland barley flour of 35kg and the highland barley bran of 15kg respectively after crossing 200 mesh sieves.
(2) extraction of highland barley starch and albumen powder is with embodiment 1.
(3) highland barley bran extracts:
At first highland barley bran 5kg is put in the stainless cylinder of steel, behind 1: 10～1: 30 adding benzinum (30～60) cold soaking 8～24h by its w/v, permeate drip washing with benzinum again, and collect leacheate; Then leacheate is placed Rotary Evaporators under 30～45 ℃ of temperature, to reclaim the benzinum of leacheate; Place the DHG9203A of Shanghai Sanshen Medical Instrument Co., Ltd. electric heating constant temperature air dry oven at last, dry by the fire 20～60min down, obtain limpid, flaxen highland barley bran 49.8g at 50～65 ℃.
(4) highland barley Beta-dextran extracts:
At first with in the stainless cylinder of steel of wheat bran 4kg after the degreasing, add water by 1: 10～1: 40 of its w/v, be to boil 1～2h under 60～90 ℃ of conditions in temperature, centrifugal with the high speed tube centrifuge with the speed of 10000r/min, collect supernatant A and residue.
In the supernatant A of gained, add 95% edible alcohol then, make its alcohol concentration reach 20～80% by volume after, leave standstill 8～24h under the room temperature, centrifugal with the high speed tube centrifuge with the speed of 10000r/min, collecting precipitation thing and supernatant B respectively.
Secondly collected sediment is placed microwave vacuum dryer dry, and with obtaining canescence after the pulverizer pulverizing, containing the highland barley Beta-dextran powder; Record with enzyme process and to contain highland barley Beta-dextran 20～40%.
After at last collected supernatant B being concentrated recovery ethanol with Rotary Evaporators, obtain containing highland barley flavone, amino acid whose concentrate.Record total amino acid content 200～300mg/L with U.S. Waters 515 type amino-acid analyzers, the CARY300 type ultraviolet-visible full wavelength scanner instrument of producing with U.S. Varian company records highland barley general flavone 50～100mg/L, total reducing sugar 10～15%.
(5) highland barley water insoluble fiber albumen powder:
The residue of step (4) gained put in the microwave vacuum dryer dry, obtain highland barley water insoluble fiber albumen powder after pulverizing with micronizer.Record according to GB/T 5009.88-2008 " mensuration of dietary fiber in the food " regulation that dietary fiber content is 40～70%, protein content is 20～30%.
A kind of adopt that above-mentioned technology makes contain highland barley flavone, amino acid whose concentrate can be applicable in the nutritious drink.Specific as follows: with 10～20g contain highland barley flavone, amino acid whose concentrate adds 1.0～3.0% honey, 3～10% sucrose, 0.1～1.5% white bur powder, 0.01～0.2% flavor enhancement, 50～80% pure water respectively by its percentage by weight, hybrid process becomes to have the nutritious drink of highland barley fragrance.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of technology of extracting multiple product from highland barley continuously may further comprise the steps:
(1) raw material is handled: select cleaning, dry highland barley for use, obtain highland barley flour and highland barley bran respectively after grinding, crossing 200 mesh sieves;
(2) extraction of highland barley starch and albumen powder: after at first the highland barley flour of step (1) gained being added alkaline aqueous solution and stirs by 1: 8～1: 40 of its w/v, leave standstill, centrifugal, collect supernatant and sediment respectively; Then the gained sediment is washed to the pH value for neutral, through freezing, dry, must highland barley starch after pulverizing; The pH value of regulating the gained supernatant with acid is 2.5～5.0 at last, and centrifugal back collecting precipitation thing will this sediment drying, get the highland barley soy Protein powder after pulverizing;
(3) highland barley bran extracts: adopt super critical CO 2 technology to extract the highland barley bran of step (1) gained or with must highland barley bran behind the little polar solvent cold soaking;
(4) highland barley Beta-dextran extracts: at first with the wheat bran after the degreasing by 1: 10～1: 40 of its w/v add water through ultrasonic extraction or boiling, centrifugal after collection supernatant A and residue; In the supernatant A of gained, add 95% edible alcohol then, make its alcohol concentration reach 20～80% by volume after, leave standstill, centrifugal, respectively collecting precipitation thing and supernatant B; Secondly will must contain the highland barley Beta-dextran powder after collected sediment drying, the pulverizing; At last collected supernatant B is obtained containing highland barley flavone, amino acid whose concentrate after concentrating recovery ethanol;
(5) highland barley water insoluble fiber albumen powder: will obtain highland barley water insoluble fiber albumen powder after the residue drying of step (4) gained, the ultramicro grinding.
2, a kind of technology of extracting multiple product from highland barley continuously as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the highland barley raw material in the described step (1) is the ripe hull-less barley in the Hordeum cultivation barley.
3, a kind of technology of extracting multiple product from highland barley continuously as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the alkaline aqueous solution in the described step (2) is meant that mass concentration is 0.05～0.15% sodium hydrate aqueous solution.
4, a kind of technology of extracting multiple product from highland barley continuously as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cryogenic temperature in the described step (2) is-4～18 ℃.
5, a kind of technology of extracting multiple product from highland barley continuously as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the acid in the described step (2) is meant that molar concentration is the hydrochloric acid of 0.1～1.0mol/L.
6, a kind of technology of from highland barley, extracting multiple product continuously as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the extraction conditions that super critical CO 2 technology adopted in the described step (3) is meant that pressure is 15～40Mpa, temperature is 25～45 ℃, and the time is 1～3h.
7, a kind of technology of from highland barley, extracting multiple product continuously as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the little polar solvent cold soaking in the described step (3) is collected filtrate after being meant at first highland barley bran being added the benzinum cold soaking, filter by 1: 10～1: 30 of its w/v; Under 30～45 ℃ of temperature, reclaim the benzinum in the filtrate then; Last drying obtains highland barley bran.
8, a kind of technology of extracting multiple product from highland barley continuously as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the ultrasonic extraction conditions in the described step (4) is meant 40～80 ℃ of extraction temperature, and ultrasonic power is 100～400W, and ultrasonic time is 20～60min.
9, a kind of technology of extracting multiple product from highland barley continuously as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the boiling temperature in the described step (4) is 60～90 ℃.
10, a kind of adopt that a kind of technology of extracting continuously multiple product from highland barley as claimed in claim 1 makes contain highland barley flavone, the application of amino acid whose concentrate in nutritious drink, it is characterized in that: with contain highland barley flavone, amino acid whose concentrate adds 0.5～3.0% honey, 3～15% sucrose, 0.1～1.5% white bur powder, 0.01～0.2% flavor enhancement, 30～80% pure water respectively by its percentage by weight, hybrid process becomes to have the nutritious drink of highland barley fragrance.
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