CN101615301B - Path control method and system for target in computer virtual environment - Google Patents
Path control method and system for target in computer virtual environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A path control method and system for a target in computer virtual environment includes the following steps: reading acceleration of an anchor point and controlling the motion path of the target according to the acceleration and the current position and speed of the target. In the path control method for the target in computer virtual environment, the motion path of the target is determined by the acceleration, thus real physical motion regularity can be satisfied and the motion path of the target can be precisely controlled. In addition, the invention also provides a path control system for the target in computer virtual environment.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to computer technology, particularly relate to controlling of path thereof and the system of target in a kind of computer virtual environment.
[background technology]
Path control (Path Control) is a kind of technology that often can use in the development of games.The pre-designed paths of designer makes target according to the path walking roaming of certain rule along appointment.Object can carry out the behavior conversion according to certain rule in the process of moving.As turn to, accelerate etc., thereby reach different effects.
The process of path walking roaming can be controlled by the key point information that is arranged on the path.Traditional method path curve that has been pre-set, sample for the point on the path as required again, and control information (information such as position, time) is set, realization is then simulated by the interpolation between the key point (such as Newton interpolation, Bezier method) in path between the key point, so just can realize a complete path by these anchor points.Pre-set curve is referred to as " path curve ", and the control node on the path is referred to as " anchor point ".This method can be simulated some common motion paths, such as ((Non-Player Character, non-role) walking path control of the NPC in the game.NPC can walk according to pre-set path, simulates the environment of game, virtual city or building plans.
Because this method is to be described curve by the interpolation between the anchor point, and interpolation is based on the interpolation of time.Different according to different hardware informations, cause the time of every frame also different, can cause interpolation to have error.Can only guarantee that anchor point can be on curved path, and can't guarantee that interpolation point is on predefined curve between the anchor point.That is to say, the curvilinear path that the method that adopts difference to simulate is deduced out is with the curve that sets can there is any discrepancy.
[summary of the invention]
Based on this, be necessary to provide a kind of controlling of path thereof of accurate control target trajectory.
The controlling of path thereof of target in a kind of computer virtual environment may further comprise the steps: the acceleration that reads anchor point; Motion path according to described acceleration and the current position of target and speed control target, wherein the position of initial anchor point and speed are stored by the mode that sets in advance, when motion path control beginning, read this initial anchor point position and speed, in the process of motion path control, if arrive through anchor point, then according to the acceleration of this process anchor point the motion path of target controlled.
In a preferred embodiment, comprise also whether the time of judgement arrives the step of anchor point time, if arrive the described anchor point time, then read acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time, and according to the motion path of acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time and the current position of target and speed control target; If do not arrive the described anchor point time, then continue the motion path with former acceleration and the current position of target and speed control target.
In a preferred embodiment, also comprise the steps: to read position, the speed of initial anchor point; Read position and time of arrival through anchor point; Calculate the acceleration of initial anchor point and process anchor point.
In a preferred embodiment, also comprise the steps: according to the motion path of described target image to be processed; Show described target according to described motion path at image.
In addition, also be necessary to provide a kind of contouring system of accurate control target trajectory.
The contouring system of target in a kind of computer virtual environment comprises:
Memory module, the acceleration of storage anchor point, position and the speed of initial anchor point;
Processing module, link to each other with described memory module, read the acceleration of described anchor point and calculate the motion path of target according to described acceleration and the current position of target and speed, wherein when motion path control beginning, read this initial anchor point position and speed, in the process of motion path control, if arrive through anchor point, then according to the acceleration of this process anchor point the motion path of target controlled.
In a preferred embodiment, described processing module also is used for reading through the position of anchor point and time of arrival and according to the position of described initial anchor point, speed with through the position of anchor point and calculate initial anchor point time of arrival and through the acceleration of anchor point.
In a preferred embodiment, described processing module also is used for judging whether the time arrives the anchor point time, if arrive the described anchor point time, then read acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time, and according to the motion path of acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time and the current position of target and speed control target; If do not arrive the described anchor point time, then continue the motion path with former acceleration and the current position of target and speed control target.
In a preferred embodiment, described processing module comprises timer, and described timer is used for timing and judges whether timing time reaches the described anchor point time.
In a preferred embodiment, described processing module comprises access unit, and described access unit is used for reading position and the speed of the acceleration of described anchor point, described initial anchor point.
In a preferred embodiment, described processing module comprises computing unit and Graphics Processing Unit, described computing unit is according to the motion path of described acceleration and the current position of target and speed calculating target, and described Graphics Processing Unit is processed image according to the motion path of described target; Described contouring system also comprises the display module that shows the image after described Graphics Processing Unit is processed.
In the controlling of path thereof and system of target, determine the movement locus of target by acceleration in the above-mentioned computer virtual environment, meet the physical motion rule of reality, can accurately control the movement locus of target.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the controlling of path thereof of target in the computer virtual environment;
Fig. 2 is the particular flow sheet of the controlling of path thereof of target in the computer virtual environment of an embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the motion path schematic diagram of target;
Fig. 4 is the particular flow sheet of the controlling of path thereof of target in the computer virtual environment of another embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the module map of the contouring system of target in the computer virtual environment;
Fig. 6 is the detailed block diagram of the contouring system of target in the computer virtual environment.
[embodiment]
For the movement locus that solves target is difficult to accurate control, and motor behavior is difficult to the problem accurately described according to the time, proposed a kind of method of following the actual physical characteristics of motion and come realizing route control.
According to physical knowledge, the motion of target can be divided into the vector on several directions, such as speed V, can carry out three divisions on the direction to V, such as the speed VX on the directions X, the speed VY on the Y-direction, the speed VZ on the Z direction.Each speed V constantly can accurately describe with the velocity vector on these three directions, and the movement tendency of this target on three directions has been described.In like manner, the attribute such as acceleration and rotation also can so be divided.
So, according to above-mentioned principle, in real physical motion rule, the movement locus of each target is decided by following state:
Locus: the initial position of target, spatially coordinate PX, PY, PZ;
Linear velocity: speed VX, VY, VZ on three-dimensional three directions;
Linear acceleration: acceleration VAX, VAY, VAZ on three-dimensional three directions;
Towards: target towards, in three dimensions, have three angle A X, AY, AZ;
Velocity of rotation: target is at three-dimensional rotational speed RX, RY, RZ;
Rotation acceleration: target is at three-dimensional rotary acceleration RAX, RAY, RAZ.
According to the physical motion formula:
S＝V0*t+0.5*a*t*t
V＝V0+a*t
Wherein S is target t locus (PX, PY, PZ) constantly, and V0 is the initial line speed (VX, VY, VZ) of target travel, and V is target t linear velocity constantly.In like manner, target also can accurately locate with above-mentioned formula towards, velocity of rotation.
For convenience of description, hereinafter with the position represent the locus and towards, with speed representation linear velocity and velocity of rotation, represent linear acceleration and rotation acceleration with acceleration.For towards not changing, the target that does not namely rotate, then the component of all directions all is 0 in velocity of rotation and the rotation acceleration; Do not have the target of change for the locus, then the component of all directions all is 0 in linear velocity and the linear acceleration.
The motion state in arbitrary moment of target can be described with the state set of position, speed and acceleration is incompatible.And the above-mentioned state of arbitrary moment target is all determined, the ensuing movement locus of this target has also just been determined so.If in the motion process of target, need to carry out path control to this target, just can achieve the goal by adjusting position, speed and three variablees of acceleration.
Based on above-mentioned technological thought, the controlling of path thereof of target in the computer virtual environment is as shown in Figure 1 proposed, may further comprise the steps:
Step S110 reads the acceleration of anchor point.Anchor point refers to the control node on the motion path.Anchor point determined by the time usually, for example the 3rd second behind the setting in motion, be anchor point on the 7th second.And initial state, namely the time be the 0th second for initial anchor point.In other embodiments, anchor point also can be determined by the position.The acceleration of anchor point can preset and store, and also can input by input equipments such as keyboards.
Step S120 is according to the motion path of acceleration and the current position of target and speed control target.In a single day the current position of target and speed are determined, just can according to the position at acceleration calculation any time target place, also just have been determined the movement locus of target.The position of initial anchor point and speed can store by the mode that sets in advance, and read this position and speed gets final product in motion path when beginning control.In the process of motion path control, if arrive through anchor point, then the acceleration according to this process anchor point continues the motion path of target is controlled.
Step S130 processes image according to the motion path of target.With other object matches in target and the virtual scene, make target be arranged in the corresponding position of scene
Step S140 is according to motion path display-object on image.Image after processing is presented on the display module, makes the user can see the motion path of target.
In the above-mentioned controlling of path thereof, determine the movement locus of target by acceleration, meet the physical motion rule of reality, can accurately control the movement locus of target.
In one embodiment, the more specifically flow process of method shown in Figure 1 as shown in Figure 2.In the present embodiment, by the movement locus of controlling target through anchor point time and the acceleration corresponding to each anchor point time of anchor point is set.
At first, step S210 reads position, speed, the acceleration of initial anchor point.Read position, speed, the acceleration of the initial anchor point that sets in advance, can determine starting point, first motion state and the variation tendency of movement locus.
Step S220 is according to the Acceleration Control target travel.Determine the time dependent movement locus of target according to above-mentioned formula.
Step S230, whether the time of judging arrives the anchor point time, if do not arrive the described anchor point time, then returns step S220 continuation with the motion path of former acceleration and the current position of target and speed control target.If arrive the anchor point time, then enter step S240.
Step S240 judges whether to arrive and finishes anchor point, does not finish anchor point if arrive, and then enters step S250; Arrive the end anchor point and represent that then path control finishes.
Step S250 reads acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time and returns step S220, according to acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time and the motion path of the current position of target and speed control target.
In the present embodiment, only the movement locus that anchor point time and acceleration corresponding to each anchor point time can be controlled target need to be set, arriving anchor point during the time, adopt acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time to control the motion of target, can realize the motion path of any track.
More specifically example as shown in Figure 3, for ease of describing, it is the two dimensional path schematic diagram, and do not have angle (towards) on variation.Fig. 3 has 4 control anchor points.Whole motion path curve is exactly automatically to deduce generation by the motion state information of these 4 anchor points according to the physical motion rule.The information of each anchor point is as follows among Fig. 3:
1. anchor point A
Time (t=0), position (18,22), speed (2.0 ,-0.3), acceleration (0; 0).
2. anchor point B
Time (t=5), position (8,20.5), speed (2.0 ,-0.3), acceleration (0.5;-2.0).
3. anchor point C
Time (t=8), position (0.25,10.6), speed (3.5 ,-6.3), acceleration (1.50; 1.0).
4. anchor point D
Time (t=13), position (1.0 ,-8.40), speed (4.0 ,-1.3), acceleration (2.5;-0.5).
The temporal information of four anchor points is respectively 0,5,8,13.Namely in these four moment the motion state on the path is changed.
First anchor point is initial anchor point, some motion state information of initialization.
Second anchor point changed acceleration information (previous anchor point acceleration is that 0,0, the second anchor point anchor point acceleration is 0.5 ,-2.0).And position and speed all are by deducing according to first anchor point information.Can see that the path between first anchor point and second anchor point is straight line.And the curve after first anchor point is a downward curve, can make target that a larger acceleration (2.0) is arranged downwards, and a less acceleration (0.5) is laterally arranged.
The 3rd anchor point also is to have changed acceleration (1.50,1.0).Thereby make the movement locus on the X-axis that a larger backward acceleration be arranged, also can see from the track X-axis first to the right after left, also meet the expection of controlling the path.Only having one 1.0 acceleration on the Y-axis, also is a backward acceleration.
The 4th anchor point adjusted to acceleration (2.5 ,-0.5), can see that the movement locus of object on X-axis presents acceleration, and Y-axis has also had acceleration in a small amount
Such scheme can effectively be controlled some targets in game, such as the NPC motion path in the game.In the operational version of game, by configuring a series of motion control anchor point, the anchor point of generation is put in the array in the mode of tabulation, according to the time of input just can be accurate and unique the position of this time point of location.And this position is with motion path curve strict conformance.
In another embodiment, the more specifically flow process of method shown in Figure 1 as shown in Figure 4.In the present embodiment, by the movement locus of controlling target through the position of anchor point and time of arriving each anchor point is set.
At first, step S410 reads position, the speed of initial anchor point.Read position, the speed of the initial anchor point that sets in advance, can determine starting point and the first motion state of movement locus.
Step S420 reads position and time of arrival through anchor point.Read position and the time of arrival through the anchor point that set in advance.By position and the time of arrival through anchor point that sets in advance, can control the key point of movement locus.
Step S430 calculates initial anchor point and through the acceleration of anchor point.Because position and the time of the position of initial anchor point, speed and process anchor point are known, can calculate according to formula the acceleration of initial anchor point and process anchor point.For example, initial anchor point is designated as anchor point 0, first is designated as 1, the second process of anchor point anchor point through anchor point and is designated as anchor point 2, and the rest may be inferred.When calculating the acceleration a0 of anchor point 0, position S0, the speed V0 of known anchor point 0 and the position S1 of anchor point 1 and time of arrival T1, then can calculate target at the required acceleration a0 of time T 1 interior in-position S1 according to formula.Similarly, after target arrives anchor point 1, target the speed V1 of anchor point 1 can Negotiation speed V0, acceleration a0, time T 1 calculates and obtains, thereby can according to the position S2 of anchor point 2 and time of arrival T2 calculate target in time T 2 from the required acceleration a1 of anchor point 1 in-position S2.
Step S440 is according to position, speed, the Acceleration Control target travel of initial anchor point.Since obtained position, speed, the acceleration of initial anchor point among step S410 and the S430, can be according to this information control target travel.
Step S450 judges whether to arrive through anchor point.Can judge whether to arrive through anchor point by time and position.If arrive through anchor point, then return step S440 continuation with the motion path of former acceleration and the current position of target and speed control target.If arrive through anchor point, then enter step S460.
Step S460 is according to the Acceleration Control target travel through anchor point.Calculate the acceleration of the process anchor point that obtains and the motion path that the current position of target, speed are controlled target according to step S430.
Step S470 judges whether to arrive and finishes anchor point, does not finish anchor point if arrive, and then returns step S460; Arrive the end anchor point and represent that then path control finishes.
In the present embodiment, by the movement locus of controlling target through the position of anchor point and time of arriving each anchor point is set, when arriving anchor point, adopt acceleration corresponding to this anchor point to control the motion of target, not only can realize the motion path of any track, can also set to the key position of Suitable For Moving-goal Problems the position that intended target must arrive.
As shown in Figure 5, also provide the contouring system of target in a kind of computer virtual environment, this contouring system comprises memory module and processing module.
The parameter that the memory module storage needs predefined parameter or obtains by calculating.For example store the acceleration of anchor point, the position of initial anchor point and speed, the position of process anchor point, time etc.
Processing module links to each other with memory module, reads the acceleration of anchor point and calculates the motion path of target according to acceleration and the current position of target and speed.
As shown in Figure 6, in one embodiment, processing module reads the position, speed of initial anchor point and through the position of anchor point and time of arrival and according to the position of described initial anchor point, speed with through the position of anchor point and calculate initial anchor point time of arrival and through the acceleration of anchor point.Can control the motion path of target according to the acceleration of this initial anchor point and process anchor point.Described processing module comprises access unit, and access unit is used for reading position and the speed of the acceleration of anchor point, initial anchor point.
In one embodiment, processing module also is used for judging whether the time arrives the anchor point time, if arrive the described anchor point time, then read acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time, and according to the motion path of acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time and the current position of target and speed control target; If do not arrive the described anchor point time, then continue the motion path with former acceleration and the current position of target and speed control target.Processing module comprises timer, and timer is used for timing and judges whether timing time reaches the described anchor point time.
In one embodiment, processing module comprises computing unit and Graphics Processing Unit, described computing unit is according to the motion path of described acceleration and the current position of target and speed calculating target, and described Graphics Processing Unit is processed image according to the motion path of described target.Contouring system also comprises display module, and described display module shows the image after Graphics Processing Unit is processed, and makes the user can see target.
In the above-mentioned computer virtual environment in the controlling of path thereof and system of target, partial information by the input anchor point, the information such as the speed of anchor point, position or acceleration can be crossed automatic deduction of physical motion formula by the information exchange of last anchor point and form, and the partial information that anchor point only need be set can reach path control purpose.In addition, this automatic deduction can also make all anchor points can both realize seamless link, relatively meets natural movement law.
With respect to simulate the controlling of path thereof that generates the curve movement path by some mathematical functions, the target in the mathematical function control method can be carried out the path roaming according to mathematical function, such as sinusoidal curve, and quafric curve etc.This method does not have the concept of anchor point, can very perfectly simulate mathematic curve, but this method is difficult to speed and time had intuitively and defines.And extendability is good not, and a kind of new curve movement of every interpolation all will be changed code.The partial parameters that the controlling of path thereof that above-mentioned embodiment provides only need be revised anchor point can be realized the path control of various curves.
The above embodiment has only expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to claim of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (6)
1. the controlling of path thereof of target in the computer virtual environment is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Read the acceleration of anchor point, described anchor point refers to the control node on the motion path, and described anchor point was determined by the time;
Motion path according to described acceleration and the current position of target and speed control target, wherein the position of initial anchor point and speed are stored by the mode that sets in advance, when motion path control beginning, read this initial anchor point position and speed, in the process of motion path control, comprise also whether the time of judgement arrives the step of anchor point time, if do not arrive the described anchor point time, then continue the motion path with former acceleration and the current position of target and speed control target; If arrive the described anchor point time, then judge whether to arrive and finish anchor point,, arrival represents that path control finishes if finishing anchor point; If arrive to finish anchor point, then read acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time, and according to acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time and the motion path of the current position of target and speed control target.
2. the controlling of path thereof of target in the computer virtual environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises the steps:
Motion path according to described target is processed image;
Show described target according to described motion path at image.
3. the contouring system of target in the computer virtual environment is characterized in that, comprising:
Memory module, the acceleration of storage anchor point, position and the speed of initial anchor point, described anchor point refers to the control node on the motion path, described anchor point was determined by the time;
Processing module, link to each other with described memory module, read the acceleration of described anchor point and calculate the motion path of target according to described acceleration and the current position of target and speed, wherein when motion path control beginning, read this initial anchor point position and speed, in the process of motion path control, whether the time of judging arrives the step of anchor point time, if do not arrive the described anchor point time, then continues the motion path with former acceleration and the current position of target and speed control target; If arrive the described anchor point time, then judge whether to arrive and finish anchor point,, arrival represents that path control finishes if finishing anchor point; If arrive to finish anchor point, then read acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time, and according to acceleration corresponding to this anchor point time and the motion path of the current position of target and speed control target.
4. the contouring system of target in the computer virtual environment according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described processing module comprises timer, and described timer is used for timing and judges whether timing time reaches the described anchor point time.
5. the contouring system of target in the computer virtual environment according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described memory module is also for position and the speed of storing initial anchor point, described processing module comprises access unit, and described access unit is used for reading position and the speed of the acceleration of described anchor point, described initial anchor point.
6. the contouring system of target in the computer virtual environment according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described processing module comprises computing unit and Graphics Processing Unit, described computing unit is according to the motion path of described acceleration and the current position of target and speed calculating target, and described Graphics Processing Unit is processed image according to the motion path of described target; Described contouring system also comprises the display module that shows the image after described Graphics Processing Unit is processed.
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