CN101603373A - Ceramsite concrete, ceramsite concrete integral prefabricated toilet and production method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of haydite concrete, the integral prefabricated washroom of haydite concrete and production method thereof, the integral prefabricated washroom of haydite concrete is by integrated poured prefabricated the forming of haydite concrete, and the haydite concrete is mainly made by portland cement, engineering sand, haydite, water.The production method of haydite concrete is: haydite immersion back draining is stand-by; Portland cement poured into add water in the engineering sand and stir, adding ceramic stirs again.The production method of the integral prefabricated washroom of haydite concrete is: make template; Reinforced mesh is put into template and fixing, preset gate window frame and other water power pipeline; With the haydite concrete that stirs pour bed die successively into, all around in body of wall mould die cavity, the backform, vibration makes it closely knit, covers material which can retain moisture, leaves standstill stripping behind the completion of cure.Haydite concrete composition of the present invention is simple, material is easy to get, production method is simple; Washroom of the present invention is prefabricated in advance, can shorten the construction period of whole building, reducings the construction costs, and uses simply, is beneficial to popularization.

Description

Ceramsite concrete, ceramsite concrete integral prefabricated toilet and production method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building components and their production methods in civil engineering engineering, and relates to a light-weight heat-retaining structural member that can be prefabricated or cast into walls, boards, etc. Concrete monolithic prefabricated toilet and its production method.

Background technique

Since the waterproof toilet is built first, the construction waste and impermeability quality are not conducive to the industrialization of building construction. The prefabricated integral toilet is more and more valued in the construction field due to its advantages of lightness and easy overall installation. It is mainly made of glass steel, plastic steel, air-entrained concrete and other materials, but the durability and environmental protection of glass steel and plastic steel are not as good as cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures. The structural strength of the air-entrained concrete bathroom is low and unstable. The promotion of accessories has been restricted.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing integrated bathroom has poor durability, poor environmental protection, and low structural strength, and provides a ceramsite concrete integral body that meets the requirements of construction engineering, is light in weight, impermeable, environmentally friendly, and excellent in durability. Prefabricated toilets, which can be prefabricated in advance can save the construction period of the entire building and reduce construction costs.

The further technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a production method of ceramsite concrete with simple formula, easy-to-obtain material, simple process, easy operation and favorable promotion.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a production method of ceramsite concrete integral prefabricated toilet with simple process and convenient operation.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the overall prefabricated toilet of ceramsite concrete is prefabricated by integral pouring of ceramsite concrete, and the ceramsite concrete is mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

Portland cement 15-30 parts

Engineering sand 30-40 parts

Ceramsite 20-30 parts

10-20 parts of water.

The overall prefabricated toilet of ceramsite concrete is preferably an integral toilet with doors, windows, surrounding walls, top cover and bottom plate formed by one-time casting. The ceramsite concrete is mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

Ordinary Portland cement 20.6～23 parts

Engineering sand 36.1～37.1 parts

Ceramsite 27.7～29.9 parts

Water 12.4-12.8 parts.

The raw material of the ceramsite concrete also includes a water reducing agent accounting for 0.8%-1% by weight of ordinary portland cement.

The ceramsite is selected from ceramsite with a particle diameter of 1-15 mm, a bulk density of 550-700 kg/m ³ , and a water absorption rate of 12-14%.

The production method of ceramsite concrete comprises the following steps:

A. Soak the ceramsite in water for 30 minutes to 1.5 hours, drain and set aside;

B. Pour portland cement into engineering sand and stir, add part of water while stirring, then add ceramsite and stir evenly; finally add the remaining water and stir to form ceramsite concrete.

The production method of ceramsite concrete preferably comprises the following steps:

A. The ceramsite is soaked in water for 30 minutes to 1.5 hours, and placed on the steel mesh to drain for 10 to 30 minutes before use.

B. Pour the weighed engineering sand into the mixer, choose ordinary Portland cement, then pour the ordinary Portland cement into the mixer, add half of the water while stirring, and after stirring for 1 to 5 minutes, put the weighed pottery Pour the granules into the mixer and stir for 1 to 5 minutes; then pour the remaining water into the mixer and stir for 1 to 5 minutes to form ceramsite concrete.

The production method of the integral prefabricated toilet of ceramsite concrete comprises the following steps:

A. Make the integral pouring formwork of the bathroom, the integral pouring formwork includes the bottom formwork, the top formwork and the surrounding wall formwork, which are fixedly placed;

B. Put the reinforcement mesh on the bottom mold, top mold and surrounding wall mold cavity and fix it, and pre-install door and window frames and other water and electricity pipelines;

C. Pour the stirred ceramsite concrete onto the bottom mold first, and vibrate to make it dense, forming the bathroom floor;

D. Pour part of the ceramsite concrete into the mold cavity of the surrounding wall mold, vibrate to make it dense, then pour part of the ceramsite concrete, vibrate to make it dense, and pour it to the top of the wall in this way, and let it stand still;

E. Finally, the ceramsite concrete is poured into the top mold to form the top cover plate;

F. After pouring, level and smooth the bottom surface and top cover surface, cover the moisturizing material, and let it stand for curing;

G. After curing is complete, remove the formwork.

The production method of the integral prefabricated toilet of ceramsite concrete preferably includes the following steps:

A. According to the construction requirements of toilet size, doors and windows, water and electricity facilities, and meet the manufacturing requirements of ceramsite concrete integrated casting, make the integral pouring formwork, the integral pouring formwork includes bottom formwork, top formwork and wall formwork;

B. Put the cut steel mesh into the mold cavity of the bottom mold, top mold and surrounding wall molds and fix them, and preset door and window frames and other water and electricity pipelines;

C. Pour the stirred ceramsite concrete into the bottom mold first, and vibrate it with a flat vibrator for 1 to 3 minutes to form a toilet floor.

D. Then pour ceramsite concrete with a height of 500-700mm into the mold cavity of the surrounding wall mold, vibrate with a flat vibrator for 1-3 minutes, then pour ceramsite concrete, and then vibrate, so that it is poured into the wall Top, let stand for 20-30 minutes;

E. Finally, the ceramsite concrete is poured into the top mold to form the top cover plate;

F. After pouring, the surface of the bottom plate and the top cover can be leveled and smoothed, covered with moisturizing materials, and left to solidify;

G. After 10 to 20 hours of pouring and molding, loosen the bolts between the formworks, use the rails to support the inner wall top formwork, and use the screw to adjust and disengage the outer surrounding wall formwork.

The present invention adopts the integral prefabrication method to make the toilet at one time. The toilet is an integral toilet with doors, windows, surrounding walls, top cover and bottom plate. The toilet is directly hoisted along with the building floors, which saves the construction period and reduces the construction cost. The integral prefabricated toilet of the present invention has the following advantages under the premise of satisfying the use load: 1. Compared with the integral toilet of other materials, the integrated toilet has the characteristics of high strength, good impermeability, durability, environmental protection, and simple construction. 2. The overall bathroom can be placed independently or connected with the surrounding board walls. 3. The interior decoration of the toilet can be completed in the prefabrication time, and it can be hoisted in place.

The ceramsite concrete of the invention has a simple formula and easy-to-obtain materials, which is beneficial to popularization. The strength grade of ceramsite concrete is CL35, and the density grade is D1800. Compared with ordinary concrete, the weight is reduced by 15-16%, the impermeability is above S20, and the fire resistance limit is more than 3 hours.

In the present invention, the ceramsite concrete is formed into an integrated toilet through a special mold, and this integral casting and forming method can also be applied to mobile heat-insulating sentry booths, retail kiosks, and the like.

The present invention adopts the mold composed of integral pouring toilet formwork, pours the prepared ceramsite concrete into the mold to vibrate, and stands to form. During the molding process, water and electricity facilities, doors and windows can be pre-embedded, avoiding the need for water and electricity after the toilet is completed. The construction of facilities, doors and windows causes damage to the wall, causing leakage and cracking of the wall, and one-time integral molding improves the sealing performance between the walls.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1. The bathroom is a whole bathroom with doors, windows, surrounding walls, top cover boards and bottom boards formed by one-time casting. The ceramsite concrete is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

Ordinary Portland cement 15 parts, engineering sand 40 parts, ceramsite 25 parts, water 15 parts, water reducing agent 0.15 parts

Among them, the ceramsite is selected from ceramsite with a particle diameter of 1-3mm, a bulk density of 550kg/m ³ , and a water absorption rate of 12%.

1. The production method of ceramsite concrete:

A. Soak the ceramsite in water for 30 minutes, put it on the steel mesh and drain it for 10 minutes and set it aside.

B. Pour the weighed engineering sand into the mixer, then pour the cement into the mixer, add half of the water while stirring, after stirring for 1 minute, pour the weighed ceramsite into the mixer, and stir for 5 minutes; Pour the remaining water of the water reducer into the mixer, and stir for 3 minutes to form ceramsite concrete.

2. The production method of ceramsite concrete overall prefabricated toilet, including the following steps:

As shown in Figure 1, according to the architectural layout drawings, determine the surrounding walls of the toilet, the openings of doors and windows, the layout of water and electricity facilities, and the size of the top and bottom floor panels, and make a template, in which the steel platform is used as the base form, and the surrounding walls are set on it Formwork, top formwork, and an attached vibrator is installed on the exterior wall formwork.

Firstly put the cut steel wire mesh into the mold cavity of the bottom mold, top mold and surrounding wall molds and fix it, then preset the window and door frames and other water and electricity pipelines. Pour the prepared ceramsite into the bottom mold, the pouring amount is about 2cm higher than the thickness after forming, and then drag and vibrate with a flat vibrator for about 90 seconds. Concrete strips are arranged on the surface of the formed base plate near the inner wall formwork, and the cross-section of the concrete strips is about 150×150mm. Then pour ceramsite concrete into the surrounding wall molds, with a height of about 500-700mm, and start the attached vibrators on the opposite sides for about 60 seconds. Then start the other two sides for about 60 seconds, continue to pour the ceramsite concrete in a cycle, pour it to the top of the surrounding walls, and let it stand for 20 to 30 minutes. Then pour ceramsite concrete into the top form, and drag and vibrate for 90 seconds with a flat vibrator. Then remove the concrete strips on the surface of the bottom plate, and wipe and press the surface of the bottom plate three times with a mortar knife, with an interval of 20 to 30 minutes between each pass. The surface of the top cover board is also carried out, and the moisturizing film material is covered after the surface is wiped.

16 hours after the completion of concrete pouring, loosen the bolts at the joint of the mold and adjust the screw rod, except for the formwork supporting the top cover, the rest can be detached from the concrete surface. The top formwork was pulled out with joists 48 hours after the concrete pouring was completed.

Embodiment 2. The bathroom is a whole bathroom with doors, windows, surrounding walls, top cover boards and bottom boards formed by one-time casting. The ceramsite concrete is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

Ordinary Portland cement 20.6 parts, engineering sand 36.1 parts, ceramsite 27.7 parts, water 12.4 parts, water reducing agent 0.16 parts

Among them, the ceramsite is selected from ceramsite with a particle diameter of 7-10mm, a bulk density of 600kg/m ³ , and a water absorption rate of 13%.

1. The production method of ceramsite concrete:

A. Soak the ceramsite in water for 60 minutes, put it on the steel mesh and drain it for 16 minutes and set it aside.

B. Pour the weighed engineering sand into the mixer, then pour the cement into the mixer, add half of the water while stirring, after stirring for 3 minutes, pour the weighed ceramsite into the mixer, and stir for 3 minutes; Pour the remaining water of the water reducer into the mixer, and stir for 5 minutes to form ceramsite concrete.

2. The production method of ceramsite concrete overall prefabricated toilet, including the following steps:

A. According to the building requirements of toilet size, doors and windows, water and electricity facilities, and meet the manufacturing requirements of ceramsite concrete integral casting molding, make templates, templates include bottom mold, top mold and wall mold;

B. Put the cut steel mesh sheet into the mold cavity of the bottom mold, top mold and surrounding wall molds and fix it;

C. Pour the stirred ceramsite concrete into the bottom mold first, and vibrate with a flat vibrator for 1 minute to form a toilet floor.

D. Then pour ceramsite concrete with a height of 600mm into the mold cavity of the surrounding wall mold, vibrate with a flat vibrator for 2 minutes, then pour ceramsite concrete, and vibrate again, so that it is poured to the top of the wall and left to stand 20 minutes;

E. Finally, the ceramsite concrete is poured into the top mold to form the top cover plate;

F. After pouring, the surface of the bottom plate and the top cover can be leveled and smoothed, covered with moisturizing materials, and left to solidify;

G. After 10 hours of pouring and molding, loosen the bolts between the formworks, use the rails to support the inner wall top formwork, and use the screw to adjust and disengage the outer surrounding wall formwork.

The specific steps are shown in Example 1, and will not be described in detail here.

Embodiment 3. The bathroom is a whole bathroom with doors, windows, surrounding walls, top cover boards and bottom boards formed by one-time casting. The ceramsite concrete is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

Ordinary Portland cement 23 parts, engineering sand 37.1 parts, ceramsite 29.9 parts, water 12.8 parts, water reducing agent 0.2 parts

Among them, the ceramsite is selected from ceramsite with a particle diameter of 10-15mm, a bulk density of 700kg/m ³ , and a water absorption rate of 14%.

1. The production method of ceramsite concrete:

A. Soak the ceramsite in water for 1.5 hours, put it on the steel mesh and drain it for 20 minutes and set it aside.

B. Pour the weighed engineering sand into the mixer, then pour the cement into the mixer, add half of the water while stirring, after stirring for 5 minutes, pour the weighed ceramsite into the mixer, and stir for 1 minute; Pour the remaining water of the water reducer into the mixer, and stir for 1 minute to form ceramsite concrete.

2. The production method of ceramsite concrete overall prefabricated toilet, including the following steps:

A. According to the building requirements of toilet size, doors and windows, water and electricity facilities, and meet the manufacturing requirements of ceramsite concrete integral casting molding, make templates, templates include bottom mold, top mold and wall mold;

B. Put the cut steel mesh into the bottom mold, top mold and surrounding wall mold cavity and fix it;

C. Pour the stirred ceramsite concrete into the bottom mold first, and vibrate with a flat vibrator for 1 minute to form a toilet floor.

D. Then pour ceramsite concrete with a height of 700mm into the surrounding wall mold, vibrate with a flat vibrator for 3 minutes, then pour ceramsite concrete, and vibrate again, so that it is poured to the top of the wall and left for 25 minutes;

E. Finally, the ceramsite concrete is poured into the top mold to form the top cover plate;

F. After pouring, the surface of the bottom plate and the top cover can be leveled and smoothed, covered with moisturizing materials, and left to solidify;

G. After 20 hours of pouring and molding, loosen the bolts between the formworks, use the rails to support the inner wall top formwork, and use the screw to adjust and disengage the outer surrounding wall formwork.

The specific steps are shown in Example 1, and will not be described in detail here.

Embodiment 4. The bathroom is a whole bathroom with doors, windows, surrounding walls, top cover boards and bottom boards formed by one-time casting. The ceramsite concrete is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

Ordinary Portland cement 22 parts, engineering sand 36.5 parts, ceramsite 28 parts, water 12.6 parts, water reducing agent 0.22 parts

Among them, the ceramsite is selected from ceramsite with a particle diameter of 12-15mm, a bulk density of 550kg/m ³ , and a water absorption rate of 12.5%.

The production method of ceramsite concrete and the production method of ceramsite concrete integral prefabricated toilet are the same as in embodiment 1.

Embodiment 5. The bathroom is a whole bathroom with doors, windows, surrounding walls, top cover boards and bottom boards formed by one-time casting. The ceramsite concrete is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

Ordinary Portland cement 30 parts, engineering sand 30 parts, ceramsite 20 parts, water 10 parts, water reducing agent 0.27 parts

Among them, the ceramsite is selected from ceramsite with a particle diameter of 1-5mm, a bulk density of 600kg/m ³ , and a water absorption rate of 13%.

The production method of ceramsite concrete and the production method of ceramsite concrete integral prefabricated toilet are the same as in embodiment 1.

Claims (8)

1, the integral prefabricated washroom of haydite concrete is characterized in that: by integrated poured prefabricated the forming of haydite concrete, the haydite concrete mainly contains the raw material of following parts by weight and makes:

15～30 parts of portland cements

30～40 parts of engineering sands

20～30 parts of haydites

10～20 parts in water.

2, the integral prefabricated washroom of haydite concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described washroom be one-time cast-forming have door, window, a whole washroom of body of wall, lamina tecti and base plate all around, described portland cement is a Portland cement, and the raw material that described haydite concrete mainly contains following parts by weight is made:

20.6～23 parts of Portland cements

36.1～37.1 parts of engineering sands

27.7～29.9 parts of haydites

12.4～12.8 parts in water.

3, the integral prefabricated washroom of haydite concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the raw material of described haydite concrete comprises that also accounting for the Portland cement percentage by weight is 0.8%～1% water reducing agent.

4, the integral prefabricated washroom of haydite concrete according to claim 3 is characterized in that: it is that 1～15mm, unit weight are 550～700kg/m that described haydite is selected particle diameter for use ³, water absorption rate is 12～14% haydite.

5, the production method of haydite concrete is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

A, haydite immersion water 30min～1.5 hours, draining is stand-by;

B, portland cement poured in the engineering sand stir, add part water while stirring, add haydite again and stir; At last excess water add is stirred the haydite concrete.

6, the production method of haydite concrete according to claim 5 is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

A, haydite soak water 30min～1.5 hours, place on the steel mesh draining 10～30 minutes stand-by.

B, pour load weighted engineering sand into mixer, select Portland cement for use, pour Portland cement into mixer again, add half water while stirring, stir after 1～5 minute, pour the haydite of weighing into mixer, stirred 1～5 minute; The excess water that to admix water reducing agent is poured mixer into again, stir after 1～5 minute the haydite concrete.

7, the production method of the integral prefabricated washroom of haydite concrete is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

A, the integrated poured template of making the washroom, integrated poured template comprise that bed die, backform reach body of wall mould all around, fixed placement;

B, with reinforced mesh put on the bed die, on the backform and around the die cavity of body of wall mould and fixing, and preset gate window frame and other water power pipeline;

C, pour the haydite concrete that stirs into bed die earlier, vibration makes it closely knit, forms the washroom base plate;

D, to around pour part haydite concrete in the die cavity of body of wall mould, vibration makes it closely knit, pours part haydite concrete again into, vibration makes it closely knit, so circulation is poured into the wall top, leaves standstill;

E, at last the haydite concrete is poured in the backform, forms lamina tecti;

F, watered after promptly to base plate face, lamina tecti face levelling troweling, cover material which can retain moisture, leave standstill curing;

Behind G, the completion of cure, stripping.

8, the production method of the integral prefabricated washroom of haydite concrete according to claim 7 is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

A, according to the building requirements of washroom size, door and window, hydroelectric facility, and satisfy the manufacturing requirement of haydite concrete one moulding by casting, make integrated poured template, integrated poured template comprises bed die, backform and body of wall mould;

B, the reinforced mesh that will cut out size are put on the bed die, on the backform and around the wall mould die cavity and fix and preset gate window frame and other water power pipeline;

C, pour the haydite concrete that stirs into bed die earlier, closely knit with plate vibrator vibration 1～3 minute, form the washroom base plate;

D, again to around to pour in the body of wall mould highly be the haydite concrete of 500～700mm, with plate vibrator vibration 1～3 minute, pour the haydite concrete again into, vibration more so follows the bad wall that is poured into and pushes up, and leaves standstill 20～30 minutes;

E, at last the haydite concrete is poured in the backform, forms lamina tecti;

F, can be after having watered to base plate face, lamina tecti face levelling troweling, cover material which can retain moisture, leave standstill curing;

G, moulding by casting are after 10～20 hours, and the bolt between template that comes loose is held out the interior wall top template with track, regulate with screw mandrel and throw off outside wall form all around.

Images