CN101598587A - Multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring device - Google Patents
Multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101598587A CN101598587A CNA2009101622491A CN200910162249A CN101598587A CN 101598587 A CN101598587 A CN 101598587A CN A2009101622491 A CNA2009101622491 A CN A2009101622491A CN 200910162249 A CN200910162249 A CN 200910162249A CN 101598587 A CN101598587 A CN 101598587A
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- evapotranspiration
- bucket
- shi bottle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of vegetation evapotranspiration determinator, relate in particular to vegetation evapotranspiration, the soil evaporation of multistage water level, the determinator of evaporation from water surface.The present invention is made up of culture systems and water system, comprises the parts such as Ma Shi bottle of cultivation bucket, feed pipe, antipriming pipe and the band scale of ABS engineering plastics material.By regulating the height of Ma Shi bottle, realize that the water level of deciding of different water levels supplies water.Write down experiment front and back Ma Shi bottle SEA LEVEL VARIATIONS DURING, in conjunction with the cross-sectional area ratio of Ma Shi bottle and cultivation bucket, conversion obtains cultivating the vegetation evapotranspiration water consumption in the bucket.Contrast different water consumption of cultivating bucket, can obtain underlying surface (water surface or soil) evaporation water consumption and vegetation transpiration water consumption, realization vegetation transpiration rate separates with soil evaporativeness.This device adopts mechanical connection, and is simple in structure, cheap, reliable and stable, is convenient to maintenance, practical, and precision reaches 0.1mm, can satisfy the accurate measurement of vegetation evapotranspiration amount and underlying surface evaporation capacity fully.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental science, ecological monitoring and irrigation and water conservancy measurement mechanism field.Relate to mensuration, particularly the observation device of vegetation (comprising aquatic, Lu Sheng) evapotranspiration from the Lu Sheng vegetation to aquatic vegetation evapotranspiration, soil evaporation, evaporation from water surface.
Background technology
In recent years, because the development of environmental protection and ecological recovery research, the monitoring of vegetation water consumption becomes vegetation structure type configuration, the definite important foundation of distribution area with prediction.At present, domestic and international direct measuring method at vegetation evapotranspiration aspect mainly contains lysimeter method, eddy correlation method, porometer method and axis flowmeter method.Because the restriction of technical conditions at present, all there is deficiency in various degree in above method.Lysimeter need be purchased a large amount of equipment, and is subjected to the influence of change of external conditions in measuring process easily, can't separate transpiration water consumption and the soil evaporation of vegetation.The relevant device of eddy correlation method is relatively more expensive, and complex structure very easily is subjected to the influence of weather condition in the measuring process, and the measurement result under meteorological conditions such as cloudy day, rainy day exists than mistake.Porometer method and stem flow gauge method need expensive instrument and equipment equally, though can measure the transpiration rate of plant comparatively exactly, these methods the yardstick conversion with have comparatively tangible bottleneck during rising, evaporation separate.Above method is used in the comparatively stable zone of environmental baseline, and application under the condition and economy comparatively are short of in the open air.At the mensuration of open-air vegetation evapotranspiration, CN1657931 discloses the living plant evapotranspiration of a kind of transfusion compensation terrestrial device, is used to measure emission, soil evaporation and the following milliosmolarity of terrestrial plant.The mode that this device adopts the stainless steel sleeve to measure only limits to the Lu Sheng vegetation, significantly uses the blind area for the monitoring existence of aquatic vegetation.CN1514227 discloses a kind of three compensation measurement shoal water zone plant evapotranspirations and has reached the device of milliosmolarity down, is used to measure emission, soil evaporation and the following milliosmolarity of terrestrial plant.This device depends on the mensuration of electronic device aspect the obtaining of data, easily break down under the harsh conditions in the open air and price comparatively expensive, the generalization deficiency during field measuring.CN2152214 discloses a kind of Weighing type soil moisture and has steamed, distributes measuring instrument, and this instrument cost is cheap, but only can be used for the measured soil evaporation, is not suitable for the evapotranspiration of cultivating vegetation and measures, and can't realize separating of vegetation transpiration and soil evaporation.Simultaneously, because the surrender of lever itself, its error of bringing be can not ignore, and the precision of this system can't satisfy the needs of present research.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of can METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION vegetation evapotranspiration, soil evaporation, the device of evaporation from water surface of different water supply conditions.This device can solve the vegetation actual evapotranspiration amount of sending out and be difficult to definite and vegetation transpiration water consumption and the unclear problem of underlying surface evaporation water consumption composition.
For reaching above purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring system, comprise culture systems and water system, wherein:
1) culture systems is the cultivation bucket (1) of ABS engineering plastics material.Cultivate bucket (1) bucket wall thickness 2.5～3mm, high 1m, bung diameter 61.8cm, area are 3000cm
2, the bung diameter is same as the E601 type evaporating dish of standard.In the bucket wall position perforate apart from cultivation bucket (1) bottom 10cm, system is connected with water supply mensuration, seals with marine glue between pipeline and bucket wall.
2) water supply mensuration system is made up of porous feed pipe (2), control valve (3), supply channel (4) the Ma Shi bottle (5) of band scale.Porous feed pipe (2) is ABS engineering plastics materials, and long 80cm is provided with the water supply hole that diameter is 5mm every 5cm on it.Feed pipe (4) is a rubber hose and the square elbow of ABS plastic material links, and seam crossing seals with marine glue.2 valves (3) are set on the feed pipe (4) realize the control of supply channel.Water supply installation is the Ma Shi bottle (5) of band scale, and capacity is 25L (internal diameter 30cm, height 45cm), and the scale minimum scale is mm on the body.The Ma Shi bottle (5) of band scale is positioned on the Height Adjustable support (6), and height adjustment range is 30～120cm.
Effect of the present invention and benefit be, by regulating the height of brackets with height-adjustable (6), realizes that the water level of deciding of different water levels supplies water, and solved by the Lu Sheng vegetation to cultivate and the difficult problem of evapotranspiration quantitative determination to aquatic vegetation.By disposing corresponding water supply installation, monitoring device and GPRS data transmission system, can realize on-line monitoring.Water consumption converts by water loss in the Ma Shi bottle and obtains in the cultivation bucket, and the degree of accuracy of data can reach 0.1mm, can satisfy the accurate measurement for vegetation evapotranspiration amount and underlying surface evaporation capacity fully.The present invention not only realized evapotranspiration measure in the separating of transpiration rate and evaporation capacity, and can be widely used in cultivation and the simulation of evapotranspiration water consumption and monitoring of different water supply conditions vegetation.Compare with existing evapotranspiration mensuration system, it has characteristics simple in structure, with low cost, easy to maintenance, practical, that measuring accuracy is high.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing has provided installation drawing of the present invention.
Wherein 1 for cultivating bucket
2 is the porous feed pipe
3 is valve
4 is feed pipe
5 Ma Shi bottles for the band scale
6 is brackets with height-adjustable
Embodiment
Below describe principle of work of the present invention and embodiment in detail:
Select the identical multistage water level evapotranspiration determinator of two covers.Cultivate the vegetation that plantation in the bucket (1) (be designated as No. and cultivate bucket) needs monitoring at one, another is cultivated and inserts the soil of equivalent in the bucket (1) (be designated as No. two cultivate barrel) but do not plant any vegetation, as reference.The experiment incipient stage, valve-off (3) is adjusted to the height that needs with adjustable support (6) respectively, realizes that the water level of deciding of the Ma Shi bottle (5) of band scale supplies water.Respectively to No. 1 with No. 2 the band scales Ma Shi bottle (5) in the injection capacity water.Open valve (3), the beginning monitoring experiment, the water level in the experimentation in the Ma Shi bottle (5) of assurance band scale is not less than the height that supplies water.
During monitoring, the monitoring zero-time write down respectively two the band scales Ma Shi bottle (5) in height of water level, be designated as L
10And L
20The height of water level in the Ma Shi bottle (5) of two band scales is write down in monitoring the concluding time once more respectively, is designated as L
11And L
21Then the evapotranspiration water consumption of vegetation and underlying surface (according to water level different, may be soil or free-water level) evaporation water consumption can calculate by following formula.
Cultivate total water consumption (vegetation evapotranspiration the water consumption) (Q of bucket (1) No. one
e)
Wherein: Q
eBe the water consumption (mm) of a cultivation bucket, L
11Reading (mm) when writing down for the first time, L
10Reading (mm) when writing down for the second time, A
mCross-sectional area (m for water supply bottle
2), A
tFor cultivating the cross-sectional area (m of bucket
2), Q
rRainfall amount (mm) for the same day.
Cultivate total water consumption (underlying surface evaporation the water consumption) (Q of bucket (2) No. two
v)
Wherein: Q
eBe the water consumption (mm) of No. two cultivation buckets, L
21Reading (mm) when writing down for the first time, L
20Reading (mm) when writing down for the second time, A
mCross-sectional area (m for water supply bottle
2), A
tFor cultivating the cross-sectional area (m of bucket
2), Q
rRainfall amount (mm) for the same day.
(3) transpiration water consumption (Q of plantation vegetation
Tr)
Q
Tr＝Q
e-Q
v
Wherein: Q
TrBe the transpiration water consumption (mm) of plantation vegetation, Q
eBe the evapotranspiration water consumption (mm) of plantation vegetation, Q
vBe underlying surface evaporation capacity (mm).
Example
Cultivate the aquatic vegetation reed in Beijing, under the fine condition of weather, utilize the evapotranspiration water consumption and the evaporation from water surface water consumption of multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring system measurement reed community, wherein, the Ma Shi bottle is respectively 700m with the sectional area of evaporation bucket
2And 3000cm
2
Ma Shi bottle measured value and evapotranspiration amount calculated value before and after table 1 experiment
Cultivate Lu Sheng vegetation cotton in somewhere, Beijing, under the fine condition of weather, utilize evapotranspiration water consumption and the soil evaporation water consumption of multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring system measurement reed cotton, wherein, the Ma Shi bottle is respectively 700m with the sectional area of evaporation bucket
2And 3000cm
2
Ma Shi bottle measured value and evapotranspiration amount calculated value before and after table 2 experiment
Cultivate cattail in ecological park, Yi Zhuang, Beijing, under the fine condition of weather, utilize the evapotranspiration water consumption and the soil evaporation water consumption of multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring system measurement cattail group, wherein, the Ma Shi bottle is respectively 700m with the sectional area of evaporation bucket
2And 3000cm
2
Ma Shi bottle measured value and evapotranspiration amount calculated value before and after table 3 experiment
Claims (4)
1, a kind of multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring device is made up of evapotranspiration system and water system, it is characterized in that:
1) culture systems
Culture systems is the cultivation bucket of ABS engineering plastics material.Bucket wall thickness 2.5～3mm, high 1m, bung diameter 61.8cm, area are 3000cm
2The bucket wall is installed the antipriming pipe supply channel near the position perforate of bottom, seals with marine glue between supply channel and the bucket wall.With the water consumption that can be used for measuring system's (vegetation or underlying surface) in the bucket after water supply mensuration system is connected.
2) water supply mensuration system
Water supply mensuration system is made up of parts such as the Ma Shi bottle of antipriming pipe, feed pipe, band scale and valves.Square elbow by the ABS plastic material between antipriming pipe and the feed pipe is connected, and seam crossing seals with marine glue.Antipriming pipe is ABS engineering plastics materials, and long 80cm is provided with the water supply hole that diameter is 5mm every 5cm on it.Feed pipe is the flexible pipe of rubber material, and two ends are provided with valve.Water supply installation uses the Ma Shi bottle of body band scale to supply water.The Ma Shi bottle of band scale places on the adjustable for height support.
2, by regulating the height of brackets with height-adjustable, can realize that the water level of deciding of different water levels supplies water, satisfy from Lu Sheng and cultivate the requirement of measuring with evapotranspiration to aquatic vegetation.
3, multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the Ma Shi bottle capacity that body has scale is 25L, and the scale minimum scale is mm on the body.
4, multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: utilize the ratio of culture systems and water system sectional area, obtain net result by conversion, improve precision to 0.1mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101622491A CN101598587B (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2009-07-31 | Multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101622491A CN101598587B (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2009-07-31 | Multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101598587A true CN101598587A (en) | 2009-12-09 |
| CN101598587B CN101598587B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
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ID=41420104
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101622491A Expired - Fee Related CN101598587B (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2009-07-31 | Multi-water level vegetation evapotranspiration measuring device |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102495196A (en) * | 2011-12-04 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Field water evapotranspiration detection method and device for paddy fields |
| CN103141324A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-06-12 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Automatic measuring device of daily water consumption rule of crops |
| CN103148909A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-06-12 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Farm irrigation indicating device and use method thereof |
| CN103235091A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-08-07 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Gravity type plant transpiration recorder |
| CN103575614A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-02-12 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Determination method of electronic-weighing-type wet land evapotranspiration |
| CN105230451A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-01-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | Automatic irrigation forecasting device for water shortage of field crops |
| CN105277664A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-01-27 | 石河子大学 | Measurement device for pure transpiration amount of aquatic plant |
| CN108956897A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-07 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of slow-release tracer sustained release rate measurement experiment device and experimental method |
| CN109211751A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-15 | 清华大学 | A kind of soil rainfall infiltration automatic monitoring system of self-water replenishing |
| CN109712110A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-05-03 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of real-time water consumption quantity monitoring method of crop based on machine vision and device |
| IT201800006477A1 (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-20 | Expert system for determining the real evapotranspiration of a vegetated surface. | |
| WO2020248122A1 (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-12-17 | 大连理工大学 | Method and device for separately measuring evaporation and transpiration for unsaturated underlying surface |
-
2009
- 2009-07-31 CN CN2009101622491A patent/CN101598587B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102495196A (en) * | 2011-12-04 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Field water evapotranspiration detection method and device for paddy fields |
| CN103141324A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-06-12 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Automatic measuring device of daily water consumption rule of crops |
| CN103148909A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-06-12 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Farm irrigation indicating device and use method thereof |
| CN103148909B (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2015-07-08 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Farm irrigation indicating device and use method thereof |
| CN103235091A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-08-07 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Gravity type plant transpiration recorder |
| CN103235091B (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2015-06-17 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Gravity type plant transpiration recorder |
| CN103575614A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-02-12 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Determination method of electronic-weighing-type wet land evapotranspiration |
| CN105230451B (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2018-08-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of field-crop water shortage irrigation automatic forecasting device |
| CN105230451A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-01-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | Automatic irrigation forecasting device for water shortage of field crops |
| CN105277664A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-01-27 | 石河子大学 | Measurement device for pure transpiration amount of aquatic plant |
| IT201800006477A1 (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-20 | Expert system for determining the real evapotranspiration of a vegetated surface. | |
| WO2019244057A1 (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-26 | Universita' Di Pisa | System for the determination of the real evapotranspiration of a vegetated surface |
| US11860147B2 (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2024-01-02 | Universita' Di Pisa | System for the determination of the real evapotranspiration of a vegetated surface |
| CN109211751A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-15 | 清华大学 | A kind of soil rainfall infiltration automatic monitoring system of self-water replenishing |
| CN108956897A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-07 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of slow-release tracer sustained release rate measurement experiment device and experimental method |
| CN108956897B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2021-10-08 | 西安石油大学 | Experimental device and experimental method for measuring slow release rate of slow-release tracer |
| CN109712110A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-05-03 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of real-time water consumption quantity monitoring method of crop based on machine vision and device |
| CN109712110B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2020-12-29 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Crop real-time water consumption monitoring method and device based on machine vision |
| WO2020248122A1 (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-12-17 | 大连理工大学 | Method and device for separately measuring evaporation and transpiration for unsaturated underlying surface |
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| CN101598587B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
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