CN101598139B - Titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance and fabricating method thereof - Google Patents
Titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance and fabricating method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance and a fabricating method thereof. A hub and a spoke of the blade disc are made of titanium alloy, a rim and a blade are made of titanium-base composite materials (or the whole disk is made of titanium alloy, and the blade is made of titanium-base composite materials), and the point of the blade also contains one or more of Cr, V, Mo with higher content so as to have properties of resisting temperature, abrasion and combustion. The hub and the spoke as well as the rim and the blade are sequentially prepared by piling layer by layer through adopting titanium alloy powder, one or more of titanium powder, TiC, B4C, and Cr3C2, and mixture powder of particles of one or more of Cr, V and Mo, which are synchronously conveyed and molten and deposited by adopting laser, so as to obtain the near net-shape titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance. The rim and the blade of the blade disc are integer, the hub and the spoke of the disc have high room temperature plasticity and strength as well as low cycle fatigue property, and the rim and the blade have high high-temperature fracture toughness property and high creep resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of titanium alloy integral blade disc and manufacture method thereof with composite performance, belong to metal-base composites and manufacturing field thereof.
Background technique
It is low that titanium alloy has density, specific strength is high, yield ratio is high, corrosion resistance and good mechanical behavior under high temperature, in modern height pushes away than aeroengine for the manufacture of compressor rotor part (compressor disk and blade), (compressor disk and blade are an integral body along with the in recent years employing of integral blade disc structure, cancelled original tongue-and-groove linkage structure, number of spare parts is greatly reduced, overall weight obviously alleviates, simultaneously because integral blade disc can be eliminated traditional blades, air-flow escapes in tenon and tongue-and-groove and flows the loss that causes in the wheeling disk structure, engine operation efficient is increased, thrust weight ratio is improved), the performance of aeroengine is significantly improved, the progression of gas compressor reduces gradually, the operating temperature of gas compressor improves constantly (having reached at present 600 ℃), simultaneously the manufacture cost of titanium alloy integral blade disc is very high (is milled by five-shaft numerical control by the titanium alloy forging stock or electrolytic machining forms usually, perhaps process respectively placing and blade, then link into an integrated entity by electron beam welding or friction welding), therefore the various aspects of performance of titanium alloy integral blade disc is had higher requirement.
Titanium alloy integral blade disc in use coils edge and the dish core exists larger temperature gradient and stress gradient, General Requirements dish core has high temperature-room type plasticity, intensity and low cycle fatigue property, and the dish edge requires to have high high temperature fracture toughness and creep resistance, be the performance difference of solution dish core with the dish edge, developed and obtained the technique of dual-property titanium alloy compressor disc in conjunction with thermal processing distortion and Heat Treatment Control (wheel rim has basket shape tissue, spoke, wheel hub such as has at the axle fine grained texture, see the article " compacting mechanism of dual-property titanium alloy compressor disc " that the female people of grade of Yao Ze writes, be published in " China YouSe Acta Metallurgica Sinica ", 2000, the 3rd phase of the 10th volume, the 378-382 page or leaf), this technique is controlled difficulty in actual production larger, DeGrain, and can not improve the serviceability temperature of titanium alloy.
For satisfying the more requirement of elevated operating temperature, the U.S., Britain, Russia, China etc. successively succeed in developing the high-temperature titanium alloy of maximum operation (service) temperature about 600 ℃, such as Ti1100, IMI834, BT36, Ti600 etc.For further improving the serviceability temperature of titanium alloy, various countries are stepping up to develop Ti
3Al, TiAl alloy and titanium matrix composite (see the article " research of high-temperature titanium alloy " that Zhao Yongqing is write, be published in " titanium industrial progress ", calendar year 2001, the 1st phase, 33-39 page or leaf).Titanium matrix composite is by adding a certain amount of fiber or particle in titanium alloy substrate, can obtain higher specific modulus, specific strength, high temperature creep property and fatigue and wear resistance, significantly improving structure efficiency, is the critical material that uses under 650 ℃ of futures and the higher temperature.Continuous fiber reinforcing titanium matrix composite mainly is as strengthening body with silicon carbide fiber, though can significantly improve mechanical property, but, the reasons such as manufacturing process complicated, material anisotropy expensive because of continuous fiber cause that its cost is very high, technical difficulty is large, have limited it and have been widely used.And granule intensified titanium-base compound material has the characteristics such as isotropy, easily processing, cost relative reduce, has just caused people's extensive concern.In recent years, the researcher of Japan, the U.S. adopts powder metallurgy to prepare low cost, high performance granule intensified titanium-base compound material in conjunction with reaction in-situ, and obtains important breakthrough in application.China is also stepping up to develop the TP650 titanium matrix composite that 650 ℃ of lower TiC particles that can use for a long time strengthen.There is complex process during granule intensified titanium-base compound material in conventional method equally in preparation, strengthen that the body particle is large, distributing homogeneity is poor, interface reaction, interface bond strength is low and the shortcoming such as part forming processing difficulties, also can't realize having integrated on Same Part of different performance material.
In addition, since titanium alloy exist hardness low, wear no resistance, friction factor is large and the shortcoming such as unstable, simultaneously when the advanced design motor, for reaching peak efficiency, reduce as far as possible the gap between titanium blade and the titanium casing, but the possibility that too small gap can make the titanium friction catch fire increases, and is commonly called as " titanium fire ", and these have also limited titanium alloy and have used widely.The problem that wears no resistance for titanium alloy, developed the process for modifying surface of multiple titanium alloy, early stage technology mainly comprises plating, thermodiffusion, thermal oxidation, PVD, the conventional surface technology such as CVD, in recent years, continuous appearance along with new technology, differential arc oxidation, plasma spraying, supersonic spray coating, Implantation, electron beam deposition, nitride laser, the Modern Surface Technologies such as double-layer glow ion penetration, and all be applied in the titanium alloy surface modification in conjunction with the new technology of kinds of surface technology and film structure design, these technology have obtained remarkable result aspect the friction and wear behavior of titanium alloy improving, but, these sufacings are being applied to the oscillating load that withstands shocks, during the thermal fatigue environment, ubiquity or coating layer thin, or shock resistance is poor, or is combined the shortcoming such as weak with body material." titanium fire " problem for titanium alloy, the one, the development Burn-Resistant Titanium Alloy, Ti-V-Cr such as U.S.'s development is the AlloyC Burn-Resistant Titanium Alloy, the Ti-Cu-Al of Russia's development is BTT-1, the BTT-3 alloy, Ti-V-Cr is that alloy has good flame retardant property and mechanical property, but owing to the V element that contains a large amount of costlinesses and the relatively poor cost that causes of forgeability are very high, Ti-Cu-Al system exists comprehensive mechanical property relatively poor, the problem that operating temperature is lower, present Main Trends of The Development is to develop cheaply that Ti-V-Cr is that Burn-Resistant Titanium Alloy (is seen the article " research and development of Burn-Resistant Titanium Alloy " that Lei Liming etc. writes, be published in " material Leader ", 2003, the 5th phase of the 17th volume, the 21-23 page or leaf); The 2nd, development flame-retardant alloy layer, there is research to adopt the double-deck glow plasma to ooze technology, ooze Cr, Cu at titanium alloy surface, form the flame-retardant alloy layer, but this technology exist the high temperature processing time long, infiltration layer is thin, affect the problem such as matrix mechanical property (sees a flat article " Ti-6Al-4V surface double-layer glow ion penetration Cr studies " of writing that then waits, be published in " Arms Material scientific and engineering " 2005 years, the 1st phase of the 28th volume, the 17-20 page or leaf).
The operating conditions of titanium alloy gas compressor is abominable, blade is often because foreign object damage causes pit, falls piece, crackle, fracture etc., and the wearing and tearing of blade tip are overproof etc., affect performance and the operational safety of motor, must in time be dealt with, and the impaired blade of titanium alloy integral blade disc is difficult to realize by changing blade, and the material of blisk and manufacture cost are very expensive, and the high quality that therefore needs to consider impaired integral blade disc is made the reparation problem again.
In sum, for satisfying the development need of following High Performance Aeroengine, the titanium alloy integral blade disc that development has composite performance is very necessary, and existing technology is difficult to realize, namely realization dish core has high temperature-room type plasticity, intensity and low cycle fatigue property simultaneously, the dish edge requires to have high high temperature fracture toughness and creep resistance, compressor disk and blade are an integral body, blade and blade tip position have heatproof, wear-resisting and flame retardant property, and the high quality reparation of impaired titanium alloy integral blade disc.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance, the wheel disc of this cover plate and blade are an integral body, the wheel hub of wheel disc and spoke have high temperature-room type plasticity, intensity and low cycle fatigue property, and wheel rim and blade have high high temperature fracture toughness and creep resistance.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method with composite performance titanium alloy integral blade disc for preparing.
A further object of the present invention provides a kind of restorative procedure of impaired titanium alloy integral blade disc.
The objective of the invention is to reach by the following technical programs:
A kind of titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance, the wheel disc of this cover plate and blade are an integral body, and the wheel hub of wheel disc, spoke, wheel rim and blade are comprised of different materials, wherein, wheel hub and spoke are comprised of titanium alloy, and wheel rim and blade form by titanium matrix composite.
In the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance of the present invention, described titanium matrix composite contains TiC and/or the TiB reinforcing phase that titanium or titanium alloy substrate and reaction in-situ generate, and the volume content of reinforcing phase is 5-40%.
In the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance of the present invention, one or more that contain in the titanium matrix composite at the blade tip position of described blade among Cr, V, the Mo are added element, wherein, described interpolation element is 20-40% with respect to the weight percentage of titanium matrix composite; The length at described blade tip position is 1/20 to 1/10 of length of blade.
In the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance of the present invention, described wheel hub and spoke are comprised of the titanium alloy of TC4, TA11, TA15, TC11 or the TC17 trade mark.
In the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance of the present invention, the titanium alloy substrate in the described titanium matrix composite all is by take the titanium alloy of TC4, TA11, TA15, TC11 or the TC17 trade mark as matrix.
In the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance of the present invention, material between described spoke and the wheel rim is changed into the change of two stepped changes or multistage ladder type, and the change of multistage ladder type is to increase take titanium or titanium alloy as endogenous TiC and/or TiB particle cascade in the matrix.
Another kind of mode with titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance of the present invention is, the wheel disc of this cover plate and blade are an integral body, and wheel disc and blade are comprised of different materials, and wherein, wheel disc is comprised of titanium alloy, and blade is comprised of titanium matrix composite.
In the above-mentioned titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance, the titanium alloy that forms wheel disc is the titanium alloy of TC4, TA11, TA15, TC11 or the TC17 trade mark; The titanium matrix composite of composition blade is comprised of TiC and/or the TiB reinforcing phase of titanium or titanium alloy substrate and reaction in-situ generation, the volume content of reinforcing phase is 5-40%, wherein, titanium alloy substrate all is by take the titanium alloy of TC4, TA11, TA15, TC11 or the TC17 trade mark as matrix.
Titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance of the present invention, the wheel hub of this cover plate and the material of spoke are titanium alloy; Wheel rim and blade material are titanium matrix composite (perhaps the whole disk material of taking turns is titanium alloy, and blade is titanium matrix composite); Cr, the V of high level, one or more in the Mo element are also contained in the blade tip position, so that the blade tip position has heatproof, wear-resisting and flame retardant property.Composition transition between titanium alloy and the titanium matrix composite can be the direct transition of two cascades, also can be progressively gradual transition of multistage ladder type.
Above-mentioned titanium alloy is the titanium alloy with good combination property and certain heat resistance, titanium alloy such as trades mark such as TC4, TA11, TA15, TC11, TC17, titanium matrix composite is for take the titanium alloy of the above-mentioned trade mark as matrix, the titanium matrix composite that the particle such as endogenous TiC and/or TiB strengthens, prepared titanium matrix composite has higher high temperature fracture toughness and creep resistance, Cr, the V of high level, one or more in the Mo element are contained in the blade tip position, can improve its flame retardant property.
Titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance of the present invention, the material of main part at each position is titanium alloy, the position of bearing higher temperature at needs is the in-situ authigenic granule intensified titanium-base compound material, be one or more the titanium matrix composite that contains in higher Cr, V, the Mo element at the position that needs flame retardant property, guaranteed the compatibility of different parts material.
A kind of method for preparing the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance, the method comprises the steps:
(1), adopt the Laser Melting Deposition method, titanium alloy powder is successively melted with laser piles up and be prepared into wheel hub and spoke, or adopt ready-made titanium alloy disk shaped base as wheel hub and spoke;
(2), with titanium or titanium alloy powder, with Cr
3C
2Powder, TiC powder and B
4In the C powder one or more are pre-mixed, and wherein, the volume content that adds separately the TiC powder is the 5-40% of mixed-powder, adds separately Cr
3C
2The volume content of powder is 5.6-47.5%, adds separately B
4The volume content of C powder is 1.8-11.6%;
(3), adopt the Laser Melting Deposition method, the powder that is pre-mixed that obtains in the step (2) successively melted with laser be deposited in preparation wheel rim and blade on the spoke that obtains in the step (1), to make the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance.
Prepare the titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance according to above-mentioned preparation method, wherein, wheel hub and spoke are comprised of titanium alloy, and wheel rim and blade form by titanium matrix composite.As wanting so that the blade tip position has heatproof, wear-resisting and flame retardant property, the method also comprises the steps:
(2) ', with titanium or titanium alloy powder, with Cr
3C
2Powder, TiC powder and B
4In the C powder one or more, one or more that reach in Cr powder, V powder and the Mo powder are pre-mixed; Wherein, Cr
3C
2Powder, TiC powder and B
4The adding quantity basis reaction in-situ separately of one or more in the C powder is so that the TiC and/or the TiB reinforcing phase that generate are 5-40% at the total volume content of titanium matrix composite; Among described Cr, V, the Mo one or more are 20-40% with respect to the weight percentage of above-mentioned titanium matrix composite;
And in described step (3), the powder that is pre-mixed that obtains in step (2) successively melts with laser to be piled up in the preparation blade process, forming 19/20 to 9/10 o'clock of length of blade, adopt again the Laser Melting Deposition method, with step (2) ' in the powder that is pre-mixed that obtains successively melt with laser and be deposited on the blade, prepare blade tip, to make the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance.
Like this, in the titanium alloy integral blade disc of prepared composite performance, wheel hub and spoke are comprised of titanium alloy, wheel rim and blade form by titanium matrix composite, and Cr, the V of high level, one or more in the Mo element are contained in the blade tip position, can improve its flame retardant property.
Have in the method for titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance in preparation of the present invention, described step (1), step (2), step (2) ' in employed titanium or titanium alloy powder be spherical powder, particle size is 50～150 μ m.
Have in the method for titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance described step (2), step (2) in preparation of the present invention ' in employed TiC powder, B
4C powder and Cr
3C
2Powder is the polygon particle, and granularity is 38～100 μ m.
Have in the method for titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance described step (2) in preparation of the present invention ' in employed Cr powder, V powder and Mo powder shape be sphere or polygon, granularity is 50～100 μ m.
Have in the method for titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance in preparation of the present invention, in described step (1), the step (3), the Laser Melting Deposition process is to carry out in the protection gas.
Have in the method for titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance in preparation of the present invention, adopt titanium alloy powder and titanium alloy powder and TiC, the B of Laser Melting Deposition synchronous transport
4C, Cr
3C
2In one or more, the mixed-powder of one or more particles among Cr, V, the Mo, successively pile up and prepare successively wheel hub and spoke, wheel rim and blade, perhaps on the wheel hub of manufactured titanium alloy blade dish and spoke, prepare successively titanium matrix composite wheel rim, blade, perhaps direct preparation titanium matrix composite blade on the wheel hub of manufactured cover plate and spoke and wheel rim obtains having the nearly end form titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance.The powder constituent of carrying when the material of this titanium alloy integral blade disc different parts is comprised of Laser Melting Deposition is controlled.
Titanium matrix composite wheel rim and the blade of the present invention's preparation are by Ti in the laser molten pool and B
4C, Cr
3C
2Deng at high temperature reacting, in titanium alloy substrate, form the particulates reinforcements such as the TiC of in-situ authigenic or TiB and obtain, resulting in-situ authigenic strengthens the body particle and has that the particle size of generation is tiny, Thermodynamically stable, the interface is pollution-free, with the substrate combinating strength high.
Have in the method for titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance in preparation of the present invention, the forming process of integral blade disc is successively to pile up material by the Laser Melting Deposition method to realize, the shape of integral blade disc is by the Laser Melting Deposition movement locus control that part C AD model generates after data are processed, and finally obtains nearly end form, leaves the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance of certain machining allowance.
The restorative procedure of a kind of impaired titanium alloy integral blade disc of the present invention, at first according to the damage situations of titanium alloy integral blade disc, damaged part and near zone are cleared up, then set up the cad model that needs repair region according to the dimensioned drawing of original part, again by the reparation of the corresponding material realization of Laser Melting Deposition to impaired integral blade disc, the material that deposits and part are complete metallurgy combination, and the performance of repairing district's material is suitable with the part main body.
In the present invention, the oxidation of material when preventing laser deposition molding, laser deposition molding needs carry out in the shielding gas atmosphere case.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is directed to the problem that exists in above-mentioned titanium alloy integral blade disc manufacturing and the use, propose to adopt titanium alloy powder and titanium alloy powder and TiC, the B of high power laser light fusing synchronous transport
4C, Cr
3C
2In one or more, the mixed-powder of one or more particles among Cr, V, the Mo, successively pile up and prepare successively wheel hub and spoke, wheel rim and blade, the Laser Melting Deposition movement locus control that the shape of prepared integral blade disc is generated after data are processed by part C AD model, finally obtain nearly end form, leave the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance of certain machining allowance, perhaps pile up titanium alloy powder and titanium alloy powder and TiC, B at the damaged part laser fusion of titanium alloy integral blade disc
4C, Cr
3C
2In one or more, the mixed-powder of one or more particles among Cr, V, the Mo, realize the high quality reparation.
The present invention utilizes laser successively to melt the accumulation material and directly prepares the nearly end form titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance, need not the multistep hot procedure of traditional diamond-making technique, significantly reduces amount of finish, improves utilization ratio and the structure efficiency of material; The present invention has the comprehensive mechanical property suitable with traditional diamond-making technique by the titanium alloy dish core of Laser Melting Deposition preparation, and the wheel hub of the wheel disc of prepared titanium alloy integral blade disc and spoke have high temperature-room type plasticity, intensity and low cycle fatigue property; Titanium matrix composite wheel rim and blade that prepared in-situ authigenic particle strengthens have higher high-temperature behavior and serviceability temperature, have high high temperature fracture toughness and creep resistance; That blade tip has is wear-resisting, heatproof and flame retardant property.
The present invention is described in detail below by drawings and Examples.It should be understood that described embodiment only relates to the preferred embodiments of the invention, do not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention situation that the changes and improvements of various compositions and content all are possible.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the tissue of the embodiment of the invention 1 Laser Melting Deposition TC4 titanium alloy powder on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate.
Fig. 2 is the tissue of the embodiment of the invention 2 Laser Melting Deposition TA15 titanium alloy powder on the TA15 titanium alloy substrate.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the invention 3 Laser Melting Deposition TC4+Cr on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate
3C
2Obtain tissue and XRD analysis result that in_situ TiC strengthens titanium matrix composite.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the invention 4 Laser Melting Deposition Ti+B on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate
4C prepares in_situ TiC, TiB and strengthens the tissue of titanium matrix composite and interface in conjunction with situation.
Fig. 5 is that the embodiment of the invention 5 Laser Melting Deposition TA15+TiC on the TA15 titanium alloy substrate prepares the tissue that in_situ TiC strengthens titanium matrix composite.
Fig. 6 is the embodiment of the invention 6 Laser Melting Deposition Ti → pattern of Ti+40%TiC gradient composites and tissue of different parts on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate.
Fig. 7 is tissue and the XRD analysis result of the embodiment of the invention 7 Laser Melting Deposition Ti-60wt%Cr material on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate.
Fig. 8 is the embodiment of the invention 8 Laser Melting Deposition (Ti-20wt.%Cr)-20wt.%Cr on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate
3C
2The tissue of composite material.
Fig. 9 is the schematic representation of the titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance as shown in Figure 9, the wheel disc of this titanium alloy integral blade disc and blade are an integral body, wheel disc is comprised of wheel hub 1, spoke 2 and wheel rim 3, upright several equally distributed blades 4 on wheel rim 3, the top of blade 4 is the blade tip position 5 of blade.Wherein, wheel hub 1 and spoke 2 are comprised of titanium alloy, and wheel rim 3 and blade 4 form by titanium matrix composite, and contain in the titanium matrix composite at blade tip position 5 among Cr, V, the Mo one or more add elements.
In the following embodiments, the Laser Melting Deposition process all is to carry out in protection gas, and shielding gas atmosphere is high-purity argon gas (purity is greater than 99.995%).
Embodiment 1: adopt Laser Melting Deposition method Laser Melting Deposition on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate to prepare the TC4 titanium alloy material.
Utilize the TC4 titanium alloy powder of laser fusion synchronous transport, layer by layer deposition is prepared the thin-walled sample on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate, obtain tensile sample by machining, carry out the test of room temperature static tension, test result as shown in Table 1, provided simultaneously the tensile mechanical properties of other formation techniquies in the table one, as seen, the TC4 titanium alloy mechanical property of laser deposition molding is suitable with the forging annealed state.The used laser power 2.0kW of Laser Melting Deposition, sweep rate 5.0mm/s, the diameter 3.0mm of light class, powder feeding rate 4.5g/min, particle size is 50～150 μ m.Fig. 1 is the interior tissue photo of Laser Melting Deposition TC4 titanium alloy.
The tensile mechanical properties of table one laser deposition molding TC4 titanium alloy and other technique tensile mechanical properties are relatively
Adopt embodiment 1 Laser Melting Deposition method, the TC4 titanium alloy powder successively can be melted with laser and pile up and be prepared into wheel hub and the spoke of cover plate.
Embodiment 2: adopt Laser Melting Deposition method Laser Melting Deposition on the TA15 titanium alloy substrate to prepare the TA15 titanium alloy material
Utilize the TA15 titanium alloy powder of laser fusion synchronous transport, layer by layer deposition is prepared the thin-walled sample on the TA15 titanium alloy substrate, obtain tensile sample by machining, carry out the test of room temperature static tension, test result as shown in Table 2, provided simultaneously the tensile mechanical properties of other formation techniquies in the table two, as seen, the TA15 titanium alloy mechanical property of laser deposition molding is suitable with the forging annealed state.The used laser power 2.5kW of Laser Melting Deposition, sweep rate 5.0mm/s, the diameter 3.0mm of light class, powder feeding rate 5.0g/min, particle size is 50～105 μ m.Fig. 2 is the interior tissue photo of Laser Melting Deposition TA15 titanium alloy.
The tensile mechanical properties of table dual-laser deposition formation TA15 titanium alloy and other technique tensile mechanical properties are relatively
Adopt embodiment 2 Laser Melting Deposition method, the TA15 titanium alloy powder successively can be melted with laser and pile up and be prepared into wheel hub and the spoke of cover plate.
Embodiment 3: adopt Laser Melting Deposition method Laser Melting Deposition TC4+Cr on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate
3C
2Obtain in_situ TiC and strengthen titanium matrix composite.
With the TC4 powder of 90wt% and the Cr of 10wt%
3C
2Powder is pre-mixed; By the Laser Melting Deposition method with the TC4+10wt%Cr that is pre-mixed
3C
2Powder successively melts with laser and is deposited in the titanium matrix composite that the in_situ TiC enhancing is prepared on TC4 titanium alloy substrate surface, and course of reaction is 2Ti+Cr
3C
2=3Cr+2TiC, used laser power 3.0kW, spot diameter 3.0mm, sweep rate 4.0-6.0mm/s, powder feeding rate 4.2g/min, the particle size of TC4 titanium alloy is 50～105 μ m, Cr
3C
2Particle size be 45～75 μ m.The hardness of prepared titanium matrix composite is HRC 47-49.Laser Melting Deposition TC4+10wt%Cr
3C
2Obtain that fabric analysis that in_situ TiC strengthens titanium matrix composite the results are shown in Figure 3a and XRD analysis the results are shown in Figure 3b.
In embodiment 3, the TC4 powder of 90wt% and the Cr of 10wt%
3C
2Powder mixes, and the volume content of the in_situ TiC reinforcing phase that obtains is 6.1%.
Adopt embodiment 3 Laser Melting Deposition method, can be with TC4+10wt%Cr
3C
2The powder of mixing successively melt with laser and be deposited on the spoke that material is the TC4 titanium alloy preparation wheel rim and blade.
Embodiment 4: adopt Laser Melting Deposition method Laser Melting Deposition Ti+B on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate
4C prepares in_situ TiC, TiB strengthens titanium matrix composite.
With the Ti powder of 95vol% and the B of 5vol%
4The C powder is pre-mixed; By the Laser Melting Deposition method with the Ti+5vol%B that is pre-mixed
4The C powder successively melts with laser and is deposited in the titanium matrix composite that in_situ TiC, TiB enhancing are prepared in TC4 titanium alloy substrate surface, and course of reaction is 5Ti+B
4C=TiC+4TiB, 3Ti+B
4C=TiC+2TiB
2, Ti+TiB
2=2TiB.Used laser power 2.5kW, spot diameter 3.0mm, sweep rate 4.0mm/s, powder feeding rate 4.7g/min, the particle size of Ti powder is 75～150 μ m, B
4The particle size of C is 38～75 μ m.The hardness of prepared titanium matrix composite is HRC46.Fig. 4 is Laser Melting Deposition Ti+5vol%B
4C obtain the tissue that in_situ TiC, TiB strengthen titanium matrix composite (Fig. 4 a) and the interface in conjunction with situation (Fig. 4 b).
In embodiment 4, the Ti powder of 95vol% and the B of 5vol%
4The C powder mixes, and the volume content of the in_situ TiC that obtains, TiB reinforcing phase is 14.6%.
Adopt embodiment 4 Laser Melting Deposition method, can be with Ti+5vol%B
4The powder of the mixing of C successively melts with laser and is deposited in preparation wheel rim and blade on the spoke that material is the TC4 titanium alloy.
Embodiment 5: adopt Laser Melting Deposition method Laser Melting Deposition TA15+TiC on the TA15 titanium alloy substrate to prepare TiC and strengthen titanium matrix composite.
The TA15 powder of 80vol% and the TiC powder of 20vol% are pre-mixed; By the Laser Melting Deposition method TA15+20vol%TiC powder that is pre-mixed is successively melted with laser and to be deposited in TA15 titanium alloy substrate surface and to prepare the titanium matrix composite that in_situ TiC strengthens, the TiC that adds during deposition dissolves, and again separates out tiny TiC particle and interrupted dendrite in cooling procedure.Used laser power 3.0kW, spot diameter 3.0mm, sweep rate 3.0-7.0mm/s, powder feeding rate 4.5g/min, the particle size of TA15 titanium alloy is 75～150 μ m, the granularity of TiC particle is 45～75 μ m.The hardness of prepared titanium matrix composite is HRC 47-49.The tissue of Laser Melting Deposition TA15+20vol%TiC is seen Fig. 5.
In embodiment 5, the TA15 powder of 80vol% and the TiC powder of 20vol% mix, and the volume content of the TiC reinforcing phase that obtains is 20%.
Adopt embodiment 5 Laser Melting Deposition method, the powder of the mixing of TA15+20vol%TiC successively can be melted with laser and be deposited in preparation wheel rim and blade on the spoke that material is the TA15 titanium alloy.
Embodiment 6: adopt the Laser Melting Deposition method at TC
4Laser Melting Deposition Ti → Ti+40vol%TiC gradient composites on the titanium alloy substrate.
The Ti powder of 95vol, 90vol%, 85vol%, 80vol%, 75vol%, 70vol%, 65vol%, 60vol% is pre-mixed with the TiC powder of 5vol, 10vol%, 15vol%, 20vol%, 25vol%, 30vol%, 35vol%, 40vol% respectively, obtains eight kinds of mixed-powder: Ti-5vol%TiC, Ti-10vol%TiC, Ti-15vol%TiC, Ti-20vol%TiC, Ti-25vol%TiC, Ti-30vol%TiC, Ti-35vol%TiC, Ti-40vol%TiC.Utilize Ti and the TiC powder of Laser Melting Deposition synchronous transport, successively fusing is piled up and is prepared Ti to the gradient composites thin-walled of Ti-40vol%TiC on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate.From beginning only to carry pure titanium valve to 20 layers, per 4 layers increase 5vol%TiC subsequently, until Ti-40vol%TiC, keep total powder feeding rate at 3.1-3.2g/min when changing composition, 52 layers of codepositions, the high 21mm of prepared thin-walled.Used laser power 1.6-1.8kW, spot diameter 3.0mm, sweep rate 3.0-4.0mm/s, the particle size of Ti is 75～150 μ m, the granularity of TiC particle is 45～100 μ m.Fig. 6 is the Laser Melting Deposition Ti → macro morphology of Ti+40%TiC gradient composites and the tissue of different parts, and wherein, a is Ti among Fig. 6, b is Ti+5%TiC, and c is Ti+10%TiC, and d is Ti+20%TiC, e is Ti+30%TiC, and f is Ti+40%TiC, and the photo of other ratios does not provide.Because the TiC particle that adopts is thick, laser power is lower, has more not consoluet TiC particle in the prepared gradient composites.
In embodiment 6, the Ti powder of 95vol, 90vol%, 85vol%, 80vol%, 75vol%, 70vol%, 65vol%, 60vol% mixes with the TiC powder of 5vol, 10vol%, 15vol%, 20vol%, 25vol%, 30vol%, 35vol%, 40vol% respectively, and the volume content of the reinforcing phase that obtains respectively is 5vol, 10vol%, 15vol%, 20vol%, 25vol%, 30vol%, 35vol%, 40vol%.
Adopt embodiment 6 Laser Melting Deposition method, the powder of the mixing of Ti-5vol%TiC, Ti-10vol%TiC, Ti-15vol%TiC, Ti-20vol%TiC, Ti-25vol%TiC, Ti-30vol%TiC, Ti-35vol%TiC, Ti-40vol%TiC successively can be melted accumulation (per 4 layers increase 5vol%TiC) with laser, be TC at material
4Preparation wheel rim and blade on the spoke of titanium alloy, the wheel rim that obtains and the material of blade are that the TiC particle is by the composite material of step increase.
Embodiment 7: adopt Laser Melting Deposition method Laser Melting Deposition Ti-60wt%Cr material on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate.
The Ti powder of 40wt% and the Cr powder of 60wt% are pre-mixed; By Laser Melting Deposition the Ti-60wt%Cr powder that is pre-mixed is successively melted with laser and to be deposited on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate successively fusing and to pile up and prepare the Ti-60wt%Cr material.Ti and Cr melt simultaneously during deposition, form a large amount of TiCr in process of setting
2Reach mutually a small amount of Ti, Cr solid solution, used laser power 1.2kW, spot diameter 1.6mm, sweep rate 3.0mm/s, powder feeding rate 3.1g/min, the particle size of Ti is 100～125 μ m, the granularity of Cr powder is 50～75 μ m.Fig. 7 is that (Fig. 7 a) and XRD analysis result (Fig. 7 b) for the tissue of Laser Melting Deposition Ti-60wt%Cr material.
Adopt embodiment 7 Laser Melting Deposition method, the mixed-powder of Ti-60wt%Cr successively can be melted with laser and pile up preparation blade tip position, improve the flame retardant property of titanium alloy.
Embodiment 8: adopt Laser Melting Deposition method Laser Melting Deposition (Ti-20wt.%Cr)-20wt.%Cr on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate
3C
2Composite material.
Utilize Ti and Cr in the laser molten pool
3C
2Reaction in-situ generates the TiC particle that disperse distributes, and adds simultaneously the Cr content that the Cr powder improves deposition materials, and wherein, Cr powder and Ti powder are respectively 20wt.%, 80wt.%; Cr
3C
2Powder is with respect to the 20wt.% of Cr powder and Ti powder gross weight.(the Ti-20wt.%Cr)-20wt.%Cr that is pre-mixed by Laser Melting Deposition
3C
2Powder is prepared titanium matrix composite at the TC4 titanium alloy surface.Deposit used laser power 1.2kW, spot diameter 1.6mm, sweep rate 2.5mm/s, powder feeding rate 3.3g/min, the particle size of Ti is 100～125 μ m, Cr powder and Cr
3C
2The granularity of powder is 45～75 μ m.Fig. 8 is that Laser Clad Deposition is pre-mixed (Ti-20wt.%Cr)-20wt.%Cr
3C
2Tissue, the average composition at mark A place is Ti91.8Cr8.2 (at.%) among the figure, the dendritic TiC that is organized as of specification tree, the average composition at mark B place are Ti25.1Cr74.9 (at.%), its composition and TiCr
2Very close.Can find out added Cr when deposition
3C
2All decompose, generated dendroid TiC with titanium matrix reaction original position, the titanium matrix composite that deposition obtains is mainly by TiC and composition and TiCr
2Close phase composition, its hardness reaches HV
0.5795.
In embodiment 8, Cr powder and Ti powder are respectively 20wt.%, 80wt.%, add simultaneously Cr
3C
2Powder mixes with respect to the 20wt.% of Cr powder and Ti powder gross weight, and the volume content of the TiC reinforcing phase that obtains is 14.7%.
Adopt embodiment 8 Laser Melting Deposition method, (the Ti-20wt.%Cr)-20wt.%Cr that can be pre-mixed by Laser Melting Deposition
3C
2Prepare titanium matrix composite as the blade tip position of blade at the TC4 titanium alloy surface.
Claims (15)
1. titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance, it is characterized in that: the forming process of this integral blade disc is successively to pile up material by the Laser Melting Deposition method to realize, the wheel disc of this cover plate and blade are an integral body, the wheel hub of wheel disc, spoke, wheel rim and blade are comprised of different materials, wherein, wheel hub and spoke are comprised of titanium alloy, and wheel rim and blade form by titanium matrix composite.
2. the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described titanium matrix composite contains TiC and/or the TiB reinforcing phase that titanium or titanium alloy substrate and reaction in-situ generate, and the volume content of reinforcing phase is 5-40%.
3. the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: one or more that contain in the titanium matrix composite at the blade tip position of described blade among Cr, V, the Mo are added element, wherein, described interpolation element is 20-40% with respect to the weight percentage of titanium matrix composite; The length at described blade tip position is 1/20 to 1/10 of length of blade.
4. the described titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance of any one according to claim 1-3 is characterized in that: described wheel hub and spoke are comprised of the titanium alloy of TC4, TA11, TA15, TC11 or the TC17 trade mark.
5. the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the titanium alloy substrate in the described titanium matrix composite all is by take the titanium alloy of TC4, TA11, TA15, TC11 or the TC17 trade mark as matrix.
6. the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the material between described spoke and the wheel rim is changed into the change of two stepped changes or multistage ladder type, and the change of multistage ladder type is to increase take titanium or titanium alloy as endogenous TiC and/or TiB particle cascade in the matrix.
7. titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance, it is characterized in that: the forming process of this integral blade disc is successively to pile up material by the Laser Melting Deposition method to realize, the wheel disc of this cover plate and blade are an integral body, wheel disc and blade are comprised of different materials, wherein, wheel disc is comprised of titanium alloy, and blade is comprised of titanium matrix composite.
8. the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the titanium alloy that forms wheel disc is the titanium alloy of TC4, TA11, TA15, TC11 or the TC17 trade mark; The titanium matrix composite of composition blade is comprised of TiC and/or the TiB reinforcing phase of titanium or titanium alloy substrate and reaction in-situ generation, the volume content of reinforcing phase is 5-40%, wherein, titanium alloy substrate all is by take the titanium alloy of TC4, TA11, TA15, TC11 or the TC17 trade mark as matrix.
9. method for preparing the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance, it is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:
(1), adopt the Laser Melting Deposition method, titanium alloy powder is successively melted with laser piles up and be prepared into wheel hub and spoke, or adopt ready-made titanium alloy disk shaped base as wheel hub and spoke;
(2), with titanium or titanium alloy powder, with Cr
3C
2Powder, TiC powder and B
4In the C powder one or more are pre-mixed, and wherein, the volume content that adds separately the TiC powder is the 5-40% of mixed-powder, adds separately Cr
3C
2The volume content of powder is 5.6-47.5%, adds separately B
4The volume content of C powder is 1.8-11.6%;
(3), adopt the Laser Melting Deposition method, the powder that is pre-mixed that obtains in the step (2) successively melted with laser be deposited in preparation wheel rim and blade on the spoke that obtains in the step (1), to make the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance.
10. preparation according to claim 9 has the method for the titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance, it is characterized in that: the step of the method (2) and step (3) are improved to:
(2) ', with titanium or titanium alloy powder, with Cr
3C
2Powder, TiC powder and B
4In the C powder one or more, one or more that reach in Cr powder, V powder and the Mo powder are pre-mixed; Wherein, Cr
3C
2Powder, TiC powder and B
4The adding quantity basis reaction in-situ separately of one or more in the C powder is so that the TiC and/or the TiB reinforcing phase that generate are 5-40% at the total volume content of titanium matrix composite; Among described Cr, V, the Mo one or more are 20-40% with respect to the weight percentage of above-mentioned titanium matrix composite;
(3) ', in described step (3), the powder that is pre-mixed that obtains in step (2) successively melts with laser to be piled up in the preparation blade process, forming 19/20 to 9/10 o'clock of length of blade, adopt again the Laser Melting Deposition method, with step (2) ' in the powder that is pre-mixed that obtains successively melt with laser and be deposited on the blade, prepare blade tip, to make the titanium alloy integral blade disc with composite performance.
11. preparation according to claim 10 has the method for the titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance, it is characterized in that: described step (1), step (2), step (2) ' in employed titanium or titanium alloy powder be spherical powder, particle size is 50～150 μ m.
12. preparation according to claim 10 has the method for the titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance, it is characterized in that: described step (2), step (2) ' in employed TiC powder, B
4C powder and Cr
3C
2Powder is the polygon particle, and granularity is 38～100 μ m.
13. preparation according to claim 10 has the method for the titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance, it is characterized in that: described step (2) ' in employed Cr powder, V powder and Mo powder shape be sphere or polygon, granularity is 50～100 μ m.
14. preparation according to claim 10 has the method for the titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance; it is characterized in that: described step (1), step (3), step (3) ' in, the Laser Melting Deposition process is to carry out in the environment that is in protection gas.
15. impaired restorative procedure with titanium alloy integral blade disc of composite performance, it is characterized in that: the wheel disc of impaired titanium alloy integral blade disc and blade are an integral body, the wheel hub of this wheel disc, spoke, wheel rim and blade are comprised of different materials, wherein, wheel hub and spoke are comprised of titanium alloy, and wheel rim and blade form by titanium matrix composite; In repair process, at first according to the damage situations of titanium alloy integral blade disc, damaged part and near zone are cleared up, then set up the cad model that needs repair region according to the dimensioned drawing of original titanium alloy integral blade disc, by the reparation of the corresponding material realization of Laser Melting Deposition to impaired integral blade disc, the material that deposits and impaired titanium alloy integral blade disc are complete metallurgy combination again.
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