CN101579814B - Small numerical control drilling and milling machine - Google Patents
Small numerical control drilling and milling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101579814B CN101579814B CN2009100986946A CN200910098694A CN101579814B CN 101579814 B CN101579814 B CN 101579814B CN 2009100986946 A CN2009100986946 A CN 2009100986946A CN 200910098694 A CN200910098694 A CN 200910098694A CN 101579814 B CN101579814 B CN 101579814B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a small numerical control drilling and milling machine and a control method thereof. The small numerical control drilling and milling machine comprises an X-axis device, a Y-axis device, a Z-axis device, a machine base, a main shaft device, a back cover device, an electric cabinet and a computer; a working platform in the X-axis device is matched with the upper end surfaceof a planker by a guide rail; the Y-axis device is connected between the planker and the machine base; the Z-axis device is arranged in the back cover device; the main shaft device is arranged on a v ertical column with a first machine head clamping plate and a second machine head clamping plate in a matching manner and can move vertically along the rail of the vertical column; the machine base isprovided with an oil hand pump, a computer bracket and a gas spring; the back cover device consists of a first back cover plate, a second back cover plate, a back cover and a back cover baffle plate; and protective devices of the machine are cubic structures and are arranged at the periphery of the machine. The invention features compact structure, small volume, simple control and feasible method , realizes various processing functions of the machine, is applicable to small-batch production of single parts and can also be used for field numerical control teaching and model making.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Digit Control Machine Tool, is a kind of miniature numerical control drilling and milling machine.
Technical background
Digit Control Machine Tool is one of comparatively general equipment of mechanical industry, and it processes the indispensable effect of playing to Cutting Parts.But present Digit Control Machine Tool all is large-scale machining tool generally, mainly is applicable to the part that manufacturing batch is big, volume is bigger, complex-shaped, precision is high, and its structure is comparatively complicated, costs an arm and a leg.And some shapes, baroque smallclothes product process on large-size numerical control machine, and the production cost that just seems is too high.Therefore, large-size numerical control machine is not suitable for the production of small-sized complex parts, and the input of large-size numerical control machine has improved individuality or small enterprise's operating cost.In addition, the numerical control programming of universities and colleges and intermediate technical college (CAD and CAM) and numerical tool operation experiment, real training lack better performances, and function is more, the miniature numerical control milling machine that price is lower.
At present, many miniature numerical control lathes are arranged also, can satisfy the demand that individuality or the operator of small enterprise produce.As the patent No. ZL200720049720.2 of Chinese patent literature publication, the day for announcing is on November 5th, 2008, and name is called " a kind of numerically controlled small bench drill "; The patent No. ZL200820069805.1 of Chinese patent literature publication for another example, the day for announcing is on December 24th, 2008, name is called " miniature numerical control drilling machine ".Above-mentioned two kinds of structure of numerically controlled machine-tool are all comparatively simple, easy to use, but function ratio is more single, can only use for drilling machine, also need improve on structure, security and method of operating.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the problems referred to above, the object of the invention provides a kind of miniature numerical control drilling and milling machine, makes it can solve the processing of small-sized complex parts and satisfies the needs of numerical control teaching.The objective of the invention is to realize by the following technical solutions.
A kind of small-sized household numerical control drilling-milling bed, this numerical control drilling-milling bed comprises X-axis device, Y-axis device, Z shaft device, main shaft device, lathe base, planker, milling chuck, back of the body closure assembly and Electric Appliance Cabinet.Its design main points are that whole numerical control drilling-milling bed is a vertical structure, are equipped with guide rail on X-axis device, planker and lathe base, make workbench can carry out rectilinear motion on X-axis and Y direction; On the Z shaft device, be provided with vertical guide rail, make main shaft device can make up-down adjustment in vertical direction; Whole numerical control drilling-milling bed lower end is a lathe base, match with planker lower surface guide rail by the guide rail on the lathe base, in a side rails that cooperates, be provided with the straight panel of Y-axis, cooperate with base rail by the straight panel of Y-axis, use planker locking nut, adjusting nut and bolt that the gap between planker and lathe base is adjusted; The guide rail of planker upper surface matches with table slide in the X-axis device, in the follower rail that matches, be provided with the straight panel of X-axis, cooperate with workbench by the straight panel of X-axis, use table lock jack panel, adjusting nut and bolt, the gap between planker and workbench is adjusted; Be provided with column in the back of the body closure assembly, column vertically is installed on the lathe base, guide rail in vertical guide rail on the column and the main shaft device on the Z axis carriage matches, on Z axis carriage one side rails, be inserted with an oblique panel, tiltedly the panel upper end is provided with the adjustment screw, by adjusting the fit clearance between screw adjustment supporting plate and the column; Main shaft device is installed on the column guide rail by the Z axis carriage, and is connected with air spring on being installed in lathe base; The rear side of back of the body closure assembly is provided with Electric Appliance Cabinet, also is provided with the support of placing computer on the lathe base.According to reality processing needs, mechanical protector can be installed in the periphery of above-mentioned miniature numerical control drilling and milling machine, makes execute-in-place safer.
One side of described lathe base is provided with oil hand pump, utilizes the fuel feeding of oil pump to lubricate guideway.
The stroke of described workbench on X-direction is 280mm, and the stroke on Y direction is 160mm, and main shaft device is 170mm at the stroke of Z-direction.
Be respectively equipped with X-axis stepper motor, y-axis stepper motor and Z shaft step motor in described X-axis device, Y-axis device and the Z shaft device, they control module by the axle that stepper motor driver is connected in digital control system, by the work of pulse signal control motor.
Described main shaft device is provided with control panel, and control panel is provided with LCDs and keypad two parts.LCDs can show current rotating speed of main shaft and rotating situation, keypad can control main shaft startup, stop, acceleration and deceleration, rotating, realized that simple main shaft manually controls.
Described lathe base is provided with four and adjusts the screw cushion block, is used for adjusting repeatedly and checking lathe installation level.
This invention compact conformation, volume is little, and control method is simple, has realized the multiple machining functions of lathe again, is applicable to the production of small-sized complex parts, also can be used for numerical control practice teaching and modelling.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a main shaft device explosive view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the whole explosive view of the present invention except that main shaft device.
Fig. 4 is partial structurtes figure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a machine tool protective device structure chart of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a Machine-Tool Control schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a Y-axis schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a Z axle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an X-axis schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is power principle figure of the present invention.
Figure 11 is an interface board schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 12 is a mainboard schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 13 is a supply line of the present invention schematic diagram.
Figure 14 is a spindle motor schematic diagram of the present invention.
The sequence number of above accompanying drawing and title: 1, the X-axis device, 2, the Y-axis device, 3, the Z shaft device, 4, main shaft device, 5, lathe base, 6, planker, 7, back of the body closure assembly, 8, Electric Appliance Cabinet, 9, milling chuck, 10, computer, 11, the mechanical protection device, 12, the safety interlocking switch, 101, the X-axis nut seat, 102, the X-axis screw mandrel, 103, the X-axis bearings, 104, workbench, 105, X-axis screw mandrel support, 106, the X-axis bearing block, 107, the X-axis bearing, 108, the first X-axis nut, 109, the X-axis electric machine support, 110, the X-axis bearing cap, 111, the second X-axis nut, 112, the X-axis shaft coupling, 113, the X-axis motor base, 114, the X-axis stepper motor, 115, the X-axis motor cover, 201, the y-axis motor cover, 202, y-axis stepper motor, 203, the y-axis motor seat, 204, the Y-axis shaft coupling, 205, the first Y-axis nut, 206, the Y-axis bearing cap, 207, the second Y-axis nut, 208, the y-axis motor support, 209, the Y-axis bearing, 210, the Y-axis bearing block, 211, Y-axis screw mandrel support, 212, Y-axis screw mandrel dust cover, 213, the Y-axis screw mandrel, 214, the Y-axis nut seat, 301, the first head clamping plate, 302, Z axial filament bar supports, 303, the 3rd Z axle bearing, 304, the 2nd Z axle bearing seat, 305, the second head clamping plate, 306, Z axial filament bar, 307, Z axle bearing lid, 308, the 2nd Z axle bearing, 309, the one Z axle bearing seat, 310, Z axial filament shaft bar, 311, the one Z axle bearing, 312, the Z spindle nut, 313, Z axle shaft coupling, 314, Z spindle motor base, 315, the Z shaft step motor, 316, column, 401, taper shank, 402, main shaft, 403, the taper shank pull bar, 404, first back-up ring, 405, taper roll bearing, 406, second back-up ring, 407, main shaft sleeve, 408, copper sheathing, 409, single direction thrust ball bearing, 410, shading ring, 411, deep groove ball bearing, 412, packing ring, 413, round nut, 414, axle sleeve, 415, pin, 416, alignment pin, 417, emergency stop switch, 418, control button, 419, control panel, 420, LCDs, 421, control panel, 422, main spindle box, 423, jump ring, 424, spring shim, 425, main shaft bearing, 426, spindle bearing holder, 427, first synchronous pulley, 428, head upper cover, 429, spindle flange, 430, the main shaft protective cover, 431, be with 432 synchronously, nut, 433, nut pin, 434, pad, 435, second synchronous pulley, 436, the spindle motor base, 437, key, 438, spindle motor, 439, adjust screw, 440, oblique panel, 441, Z axle supporting plate, 442, the head dust cover, 501, the straight panel of Y-axis, 502, the Y-axis limit switch, 503, oil hand pump, 504, the vapour spring, 505, adjust the screw cushion block, 506, the computer support, 507, adjusting nut, 508, bolt, 509, the planker locking nut, 601, limited block, 602, the X-axis limit switch, 603, the straight panel of X-axis, 604, the table lock jack panel, 701, first back of the body cover cap plate, 702, second back of the body cover cap plate, 703, first control panel, 704, supply socket, 705, second control panel, 706, power switch, 707, back of the body cover, 708, bellows, 709, back of the body cover dividing plate, 801, control cabinet.
Specific implementation method
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is that the family expenses numerical control drilling-milling bed of X4 is an example with the model, and it comprises X-axis device 1, Y-axis device 2, Z shaft device 3, main shaft device 4, lathe base 5, planker 6, the back of the body closure assembly 7, Electric Appliance Cabinet 8 and milling chuck 9 (or drill chuck).
Described X-axis device 1 is by X-axis bearings 103, X-axis nut seat 101, X-axis screw mandrel 102, workbench 104, X-axis screw mandrel support 105, X-axis bearing block 106, X-axis axle bearing 107, the first X-axis nut 108, X-axis electric machine support 109, X-axis bearing cap 110, the second X-axis nut 111, X-axis shaft coupling 112, X-axis motor base 113, X-axis stepper motor 114 and X-axis motor cover 115 connect and compose successively.
Described Y-axis device 2 is by y-axis motor cover 201, y-axis stepper motor 202, y-axis motor seat 203, Y-axis shaft coupling 204, the first Y-axis nut 205, Y-axis bearing cap 206, the second Y-axis nuts 207, y-axis motor support 208, Y-axis bearing 209, Y-axis bearing block 210, Y-axis screw mandrel support 211, Y-axis screw mandrel protective cover 212, Y-axis screw mandrel 213 and Y-axis nut seat 214 connect and compose successively.
The first head clamping plate 301 in the described Z shaft device 3, Z axial filament bar supports 302, the three Z axle bearings 303, the 2nd Z axle bearing seat 304, the second head clamping plate 305, Z axial filament bar 306, Z axle bearing lid 307, the two Z axle bearings 308, the one Z axle bearing seats 309, Z axial filament shaft bar 310, the one Z axle bearing 311, Z spindle nut 312, Z axle shaft coupling 313, Z spindle motor base 314 and Z shaft step motor 315, above-mentioned parts are linked and packed successively and have constituted the Z shaft device on columns 316.
Mainshaft mechanism in the described main shaft device 4 is by taper shank 401, main shaft 402, taper shank pull bar 403, the first back-up rings 404, taper roll bearing 405, second back-up ring 406, main shaft sleeve 407, copper sheathing 408, single direction thrust ball bearing 409, shading ring 410, deep groove ball bearing 411, packing ring 412, round nut 413, main spindle box 422, jump ring 423, spring shim 424, main shaft bearing 425, spindle bearing holder 426, first synchronous pulley 427, spindle flange 429, main shaft protective cover 430 connect successively, and be with 431 to connect second synchronous pulley 435 synchronously by first synchronous pulley, 427 usefulness, second synchronous pulley passes through nut 432, nut pin 433, and pad 434 is connected spindle motor 438 with key 437, spindle motor is connected and fixed in the main spindle box with spindle motor base 436 again, has just constituted the spindle drive in the main shaft device between the above-mentioned parts by cooperatively interacting.
Described main shaft device 4 also comprises control panel 419, head dust cover 442, Z axis carriage 441 and head upper cover 428.Wherein control panel is provided with emergency stop switch 417, control knob 418, LCD 420, control panel 421; Z axis carriage one side rails place is provided with oblique panel 440, and tiltedly panel is provided with and adjusts screw 439.
Described lathe base 5 is provided with Y-axis straight panel 501, Y-axis limit switch 502, oil hand pump 503, air spring 504 and computer support 506.Wherein the straight panel of Y-axis is connected in a side of lathe base guide rail by planker locking nut 509, adjustment nut 507 and bolt 508, thereby can adjust the gap between planker 6 and lathe base.On lathe base, also be provided with 4 and adjust screw cushion block 505, be used for adjusting repeatedly and checking this lathe installation level.
Be provided with the straight panel 603 of X-axis between described planker 6 guide rails and workbench 104 guide rails, the straight panel of X-axis is connected with bolt 508, thereby can adjusts the gap between planker and workbench by table lock jack panel 604, adjustment nut 507 with the planker follower rail.Also be provided with limited block 601 and X-axis limit switch 602 on the planker.
Described back of the body closure assembly 7 is that back of the body cover 707 and back of the body cover dividing plate 709 constitute, and also are provided with first control panel 703, the second control panels 705, supply socket 704 and the bellows 708 on back of the body closure assembly by first back of the body cover cap plate, 701, the second back of the body cover cap plates 702.
Described Electric Appliance Cabinet 8 is installed on a side of back of the body closure assembly 7 second back of the body cover cap plates 702, and it is made of control cabinet 801 and associated electrical appliance equipment.
According to the needs of the actual processing of lathe, can be provided with mechanical protection device 11 in the periphery of lathe integral body, on the door of mechanical protection device, be provided with safety interlocking switch 12.After the mechanical protection device installs, during work, should shut up the door carefully, door one is opened emergent stop signal and is triggered, and lathe can quit work immediately.
Control method of the present invention, comprise operation principle: X-axis stepper motor 114, y-axis stepper motor 202, Z shaft step motor 315 is connected in a control module by circuit, wherein the duty of motor is to keep and change by the pulse signal that control device provides, each pulse is a signal, and stepper motor is the open loop control element that electric impulse signal is changed into angular displacement or displacement of the lines.Under the situation of non-overload, the frequency and the umber of pulse of pulse signal are only depended in rotating speed of motor, the position that stops, and are not subjected to the influence of load variations, promptly add a pulse signal to motor, and motor then turns over a step angle.So the rotary state that control electric impulse signal amount just can the control step motor, thereby reach the step that lathe will be realized.
Spacing/origin switch X, spacing/origin switch Y, spacing/origin switch Z, 3 switches are normally closed switch, and after the contact on the axle touches switch, switch will become off-state from normally closed, and switch control module will be received corresponding signal, and lathe is stopped.
Claims (7)
1. miniature numerical control drilling and milling machine, this drilling and milling machine comprise X-axis device (1), Y-axis device (2), Z shaft device (3), main shaft device (4), lathe base (5), planker (6), the back of the body closure assembly (7), Electric Appliance Cabinet (8) and milling chuck (9), it is characterized in that:
Whole numerical control drilling-milling bed is a vertical structure, is equipped with guide rail on X-axis device (1), planker (6) and lathe base (5), make workbench can be on X-axis and Y direction rectilinear motion;
On Z shaft device (3), be provided with vertical guide rail, make main shaft device can make up-down adjustment in vertical direction;
Whole numerical control drilling-milling bed lower end is lathe base (5), match with planker (6) lower surface guide rail by the guide rail on the lathe base, in a side rails that cooperates, be provided with the straight panel of Y-axis (501), by planker locking nut (509), adjusting nut (507) and bolt (508), the gap between planker and lathe base is adjusted;
The guide rail of planker (6) upper surface matches with table slide in the X-axis device (1), in the follower rail that cooperates, be provided with the straight panel of X-axis (603), by table lock jack panel (604), adjusting nut (507) and bolt (508), the gap between planker and workbench is adjusted;
Be provided with column (316) in the back of the body closure assembly (7), column vertically is installed on the lathe base (5), guide rail in vertical guide rail on the column and the main shaft device (4) on the Z axis carriage (441) matches, on Z axis carriage one side rails, be inserted with an oblique panel (440), tiltedly the panel upper end is provided with and adjusts screw (439), by adjusting the fit clearance between screw adjustment supporting plate and the column;
Main shaft device (4) is installed on column (316) guide rail by Z axis carriage (441), and is connected with air spring (504) on being installed in lathe base (5);
The rear side of back of the body closure assembly (7) is provided with Electric Appliance Cabinet (8), also is provided with the support (506) of placing computer on the lathe base (5).
2. miniature numerical control drilling and milling machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that a side of described lathe base (5) is provided with oil hand pump (503), utilizes the fuel feeding of oil pump to lubricate guideway.
3. miniature numerical control drilling and milling machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that the stroke of described workbench (104) on X-direction is 280mm, and the stroke on Y direction is 160mm.
4. miniature numerical control drilling and milling machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that described main shaft device (4) is 170mm at the stroke of Z-direction.
5. miniature numerical control drilling and milling machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being respectively equipped with in described X-axis device (1), Y-axis device (2) and the Z shaft device (3) X-axis stepper motor (114), y-axis stepper motor (202) and Z shaft step motor (315), they control module by the axle that stepper motor driver is connected in digital control system, by the work of pulse signal control motor.
6. miniature numerical control drilling and milling machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that described main shaft device (4) is provided with control panel (419), and control panel is provided with LCDs and keypad two parts.
7. miniature numerical control drilling and milling machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that described lathe base (5) is provided with four and adjusts screw cushion block (505), is used for adjusting repeatedly and checking lathe installation level.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100986946A CN101579814B (en) | 2009-05-21 | 2009-05-21 | Small numerical control drilling and milling machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100986946A CN101579814B (en) | 2009-05-21 | 2009-05-21 | Small numerical control drilling and milling machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101579814A CN101579814A (en) | 2009-11-18 |
| CN101579814B true CN101579814B (en) | 2011-11-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100986946A Expired - Fee Related CN101579814B (en) | 2009-05-21 | 2009-05-21 | Small numerical control drilling and milling machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101579814B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103753218A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-04-30 | 吉林大学 | Milling and drilling machine for table board |
| CN106826563A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2017-06-13 | 湘潭三峰数控机床有限公司 | It is a kind of for the clamping device and its installation method of grinding machine and application |
| CN105965052A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-28 | 金锢电气有限公司 | Automatic drilling machine |
| CN105921782B (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2017-10-20 | 金锢电气有限公司 | A kind of automation drilling machine based on PLC control system |
| CN108072520B (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2023-11-10 | 吉林大学 | Electric spindle reliability test bed based on opposite dragging loading |
| CN111113065A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-08 | 上海大学 | Three-freedom-degree movable small-sized processing machine tool |
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2009
- 2009-05-21 CN CN2009100986946A patent/CN101579814B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101579814A (en) | 2009-11-18 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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Application publication date: 20091118 Assignee: NINGBO SYIL CNC MACHINE TOOLS CO., LTD. Assignor: Xu Zhengsong Contract record no.: 2013330000062 Denomination of invention: Small-sized numerical control milling and drilling machine Granted publication date: 20111109 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20130410 |
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Granted publication date: 20111109 Termination date: 20170521 |
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