CN101574914B - 半挂车车轴与悬挂的联结结构 - Google Patents

半挂车车轴与悬挂的联结结构 Download PDF

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CN101574914B
CN101574914B CN2009100403340A CN200910040334A CN101574914B CN 101574914 B CN101574914 B CN 101574914B CN 2009100403340 A CN2009100403340 A CN 2009100403340A CN 200910040334 A CN200910040334 A CN 200910040334A CN 101574914 B CN101574914 B CN 101574914B
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suspension
axletree
positioning groove
axle
connecting structure
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CN101574914A (zh
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吴志强
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GUANGDONG FUHUA MACHINERY EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING CO., LTD.
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Guangdong Fuwa Engineering Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G9/00—Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels
    • B60G9/003—Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels the axle being rigidly connected to a trailing guiding device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/15—Fluid spring
    • B60G2202/152—Pneumatic spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/43—Fittings, brackets or knuckles
    • B60G2204/4306—Bracket or knuckle for rigid axles, e.g. for clamping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/30—Constructional features of rigid axles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及半挂车关键零部件技术领域，是一种半挂车车轴与悬挂的联结结构，包括车轴、悬挂系统，设置在车轴轴体与悬挂系统的悬挂支板上的联结件，所述车轴上压制有定位槽，定位槽的边缘形成高于轴外径的凸缘；所述车轴内侧对应定位槽的部位内陷变形；在所述悬挂支板上设有定位结构，所述定位结构是与所述定位槽相适配的、对应所述定位槽的凸缘部位设有避空的定位凸块，所述定位结构或者是包括在悬挂支板上对应车轴定位槽位置设的槽结构，和内置于所述槽结构内的定位键或定位销杆。本发明使车轴的疲劳寿命比现有的车轴与悬挂焊接结构延长了20％以上，效果非常突出。

Description

半挂车车轴与悬挂的联结结构 
技术领域
本发明涉及一种半挂车车轴与悬挂系统的联结结构。 
背景技术
半挂车的车轴与半挂车车架之间通过悬挂系统将两者牢固联结起来，目前常用的有板簧悬挂和空气悬挂，而空气悬挂比板簧悬挂更能提高汽车行驶的平顺性与舒适性，提高了运输货物安全性，并减少对公路路面的损坏，起到养护公路的作用，因而逐渐得到更多的应用。在当今半挂车国际市场上，悬挂与车轴的联结结构基本上都是用U型螺栓夹紧，再以焊接方式将车轴固定在悬挂系统上，以达到防转和防止车轴轴向窜动的目的。特别是在空气悬挂上，与半挂车车轴的连接基本上都是采用焊接方式，有的厂家在焊接的基础上再加上U型螺栓将两者联结起来，这种方式的的缺点是在轴体焊接部位的抗扭转强度与抗弯曲强度会降低，降低了车轴的使用寿命，特别是当半挂车在不平整的路面上行驶时，车轴受到弯矩与扭矩联合作用时，轴体在焊接位置附近容易出现开裂甚至失效的缺陷。 
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术中悬挂与车轴焊接联结所存在的技术缺陷，提供一种充分保证轴体强度要求的车轴悬挂联结固定结构，该结构不需焊接固定且不削弱轴体强度，联结牢固可靠。 
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种半挂车车轴与悬挂的联结结构，包括车轴、悬挂系统，设置在车轴轴体与悬挂系统的悬挂支板上的联结件，所述车轴上压制有定位槽，定位槽的边缘形成高于轴外径的凸缘；所述车轴内侧对应定位槽的部位内陷变形；在所述悬挂支板上设有定位结构，所述定位结构是与所述定位槽相适配的、对应所述定位槽的凸缘部位设有避空的定位凸块，所述定位结构或者是包括在悬挂支板上对应车轴定位槽位置设的槽结构，和内置于所述槽结构内的定位键或定位销杆。 
上述的联结结构，所述与悬挂支板配合的轴体是方管轴体。 
上述的联结结构，所述与悬挂支板配合的轴体是圆管轴体。 
上述的联结结构，所述定位槽的深度为4～8mm，宽度为15～20mm。 
上述的联结结构，所述定位槽边缘的凸缘 
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000326151000011
1～2mm。 
上述的联结结构，所述定位槽的深度为5～6mm。 
上述的联结结构，所述车轴轴体与悬挂系统的联结件是U型螺栓。 
上述的联结结构，所述的悬挂系统是采用气体弹簧的空气悬挂。 
本发明的有益效果在于： 
在本发明的联结结构，通过车轴上的定位槽与悬挂支板配合面上的定位凸块与槽配合的定位结构，取消了轴体与悬挂支板的焊接工序，在达到轴体与悬挂牢固联结的同时，使轴体仍然保持良好的强度结构，杜绝了因为焊接而造成的应力损伤，定位槽在两侧的凸缘有效保证了定位槽的工作高度，该结构是压制成形的，避免了以铣槽加工等方式对轴体强度的影响。本发明的车轴具有优越的机械性能，其疲劳寿命比现有的焊接结构延长了20％以上。效果非常突出。 
附图说明
图1是本发明最佳实施例的结构示意图； 
图2是图1的A部结构剖面图，它为本发明所述用于防止车轴与悬挂支板产生周向和轴向相对位移的定位结构的一种结构。 
图3是设定位槽的车轴轴体结构示意图。 
图4是本发明所述用于防止车轴与悬挂支板产生周向和轴向相对位移的定位结构的另一种结构剖面图。 
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中： 
空气悬挂前支架1    减震器2            板簧3 
U型螺栓4           车轴5              悬挂支板6 
气体弹簧7          空气悬挂后支架8    定位槽9 
凸缘10             内凸部11           定位销杆12 
现以空气悬挂为例进一步说明本发明。 
如图1、图2所示，空气悬挂系统由下列主要部件组成：空气悬挂前支架1、空气悬挂后支架8、减震器2、板簧3、气体弹簧7、悬挂支板6。悬挂系统是采用气体弹簧的空气悬挂，U型螺栓4将车轴5固定在悬挂支板6上，实现车轴与悬挂的联接。为了防止车轴与悬挂产生周向和轴向相对位移，即防止轴体相对悬挂支板转动和轴向窜位，车轴5与悬挂支板6的配合面上设有防止车轴5与悬挂支板6产生周向和轴向相对位移的定位结构，该结构为：在车轴5上压制出一定位槽9，定位槽9壳通过冷压加工或者加热锻压而得，压制的过程中使得定位槽9的边缘凸起形成略高于轴外径的凸缘10，其作用在于充分保证了槽与定位块的工作高度。压制定位槽后，在车轴内侧对应定位槽9的部位内陷变形，形成内凸部11，其形变的坡度小于定位槽9的深度，以达到并保证车轴强度的要求，如附图2和图3所示。在该方案中，定位槽9的深度D1为4～8mm，最优深度为5～6mm，在此，定位槽9的深度是定位 槽9的底部最低点至凸缘10最高点之间的距离；而定位槽9宽度D2则为15～20mm，该宽度是为定位槽的径向宽度，以左右两侧凸缘10最高点之间的距离为计；然则，凸缘10的高度H控制在1～2mm，该高度是凸缘10在最高点至车轴5轴心的距离减去车轴5未加工时的半径R而得。在悬挂的配合面上设有与定位槽相适配的定位凸块，定位凸块上对应定位槽的凸缘部位避空设计。在此，限位槽9的径向形状有效的防止车轴与悬挂产生周向相对位移，期间，定位槽9的轴向长度在此不做限制，制造是壳根据实际的焊接长度而压制得出，而定位槽9的长度结构则有效防止车轴与悬挂产生轴向相对位移。 
在本发明中，上述用于防止车轴与悬挂支板产生周向和轴向相对位移的定位结构还可设计为以下结构：车轴5与悬挂支板6均连接的相应位置压制有槽结构，在车轴5与悬挂支板6安装时，只需在槽内装有定位销杆12即可防止车轴5与悬挂支板6之间产生轴向或轴向的相对位移，期间，定位销杆12可以用键代替。 
在该技术方案中，悬挂支板上的定位结构可容纳在轴体的定位槽内，使车轴在使用过程中保证了空气悬挂与轴体固定连接，防止了轴体相对悬挂转动和窜位。 
在本发明中，在轴体上压制的定位槽不仅应用在圆轴上，也可以应用在方轴上。 

Claims (8)

1.一种半挂车车轴与悬挂的联结结构，包括车轴、悬挂系统，设置在车轴轴体与悬挂系统的悬挂支板上的联结件，其特征在于：所述车轴上压制有定位槽，定位槽的边缘形成高于轴外径的凸缘；所述车轴内侧对应定位槽的部位内陷变形；在所述悬挂支板上设有定位结构，所述定位结构是与所述定位槽相适配的、对应所述定位槽的凸缘部位设有避空的定位凸块，所述定位结构或者是包括在悬挂支板上对应车轴定位槽位置设的槽结构，和内置于所述槽结构内的定位键或定位销杆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的联结结构，其特征在于：所述与悬挂支板配合的轴体是方管轴体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的联结结构，其特征在于：所述与悬挂支板配合的轴体是圆管轴体。
4.根据权利要求3所述的联结结构，其特征在于：所述定位槽的深度为4～8mm，宽度为15～20mm。
5.根据权利要求4所述的联结结构，其特征在于：所述定位槽边缘的凸缘高1～2mm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的联结结构，其特征在于：所述定位槽的深度为5～6mm。
7.根据权利要求6所述的联结结构，其特征在于：所述车轴轴体与悬挂系统的联结件是U型螺栓。
8.根据权利要求7所述的联结结构，其特征在于：所述的悬挂系统是采用气体弹簧的空气悬挂。
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PCT/CN2009/075233 WO2010145123A1 (zh) 2009-06-16 2009-12-01 半挂车车轴与悬挂的联结结构
US13/320,543 US20120056398A1 (en) 2009-06-16 2009-12-01 Semi-trailer axle and suspension connecting structure

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