CN101566410B - Method and system for reducing frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter - Google Patents
Method and system for reducing frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter Download PDFInfo
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- CN101566410B CN101566410B CN2009100435407A CN200910043540A CN101566410B CN 101566410 B CN101566410 B CN 101566410B CN 2009100435407 A CN2009100435407 A CN 2009100435407A CN 200910043540 A CN200910043540 A CN 200910043540A CN 101566410 B CN101566410 B CN 101566410B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002456 HOTAIR Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101710031899 moon Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 so circulates Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Abstract
The invention relates to a waste heat utilizing method and a waste heat utilizing system for reducing the frosting degree of an evaporator of an air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter. In orderto overcome the defects in energy dissipation and influence on the system stability, which are existed in the existing defrosting technology, the invention provides a technical proposal as follows: d omestic hot water after use is pumped into a waste water heat exchanger and then undergoes heat exchange with medium water in the waste water heat exchanger; the medium water after the heat exchange is pumped into a phase-change heat storage device and then flows into an air heater arranged at the air inlet side of the evaporator of the air-source heat pump hot water unit; the medium water flowingout of the air heater then flows into an evaporator of a water source heat pump unit and then flows back into the waste water heat exchanger. By using the method of heating and warming up the air wit h the waste hot water, the method and the system improve the temperature of the air entering the evaporator, reduce the relative humidity of the air, greatly reduce the frosting possibility, not only save the energy consumed for defrosting, but also increase the heat supply of the unit and enhance the reliability and the stability of operation of the system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy technology field, be specifically related to a kind of used heat that can reduce air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter frosting degree in winter and utilize method and system.
Background technology
The air-source heat pump hot water group is by the low grade heat energy in the heat pump cycle absorption surrounding air, thereby produce the domestic hot-water, have advantages such as energy-conservation, safety, environmental protection, floor space are few, be a kind of heat supply water mode that is surging forward in recent years, in considerable heat supply water conservancy project journey, be applied.But the heating capacity of air-source heat pump hot water group descends comparatively fast with the reduction of temperature, and when winter temperature is reduced to certain degree, the temperature of evaporator surface is lower than 0 ℃, and when being lower than the dew-point temperature of air, evaporator surface can frosting.Frosting not only can make the heating capacity of unit sharply descend, and unit also needs time defrosting.Present air-source heat pump hot water group adopts the method for the auxiliary heating of electricity to solve the problem of Winter heat supply quantity not sufficient usually.Present Defrost method all adopts the method for recycled back, and this moment, unit stopped to heat, and entered cooling condition, and the hot gas that compressor is discharged directly enters the evaporimeter defrost.When frosting was serious, average per half an hourization is frost once, about 5 minutes of the time of a defrost, because that the defrost meeting reduces the heating load of unit is about 17%, had a strong impact on reliability of system operation and stability.And compressor running as usual in the defrost process, need consumed power, increased the operation energy consumption of system.According to measuring and calculating, because frosting and defrost meeting cause the operation energy consumption of unit to increase by 10% approximately.Therefore, for the system that adopts the auxiliary heating of electricity in winter, take all factors into consideration that energy consumption that frosting and defrost cause increases and defrost during heating load reduce, the total energy consumption of system can increase about 27%.
Relative air humidity is the main factor that influences evaporimeter frosting speed.Under the same temperature, relative humidity is big more, the easy more frosting of evaporimeter.When relative humidity greater than 75% the time, temperature is lower than 5 ℃ frosting will occur; If relative humidity is lower than 65%, and face velocity reaches 2.5m/s, can ignore the influence of frosting to the source pump heating performance.Therefore, if the relative humidity of evaporimeter air intake can be reduced to about 65%, the possibility of frosting is reduced greatly.With area, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River is example, and the average relative humidity of most of cities, this area the coldest moon in winter is between 75%-80%, and desire is reduced to the relative humidity of air intake about 65%, just requires EAT to be improved 2-3 ℃ at least.Someone once proposed to rely on condensed refrigerant liquid to cross cold sensible heat of discharging to add hot-air, and this method can reduce the heating capacity of unit, and EAT can only be improved about 0.5 ℃, does not reach requirement at all; In addition, evaporimeter is can frosting in the most of the time in 1 year, air inlet, delivery temperature and the pressure of compressor is raise the heating of evaporimeter air intake when temperature is higher, and is unfavorable to compressor.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is at existing the problems referred to above in the prior art, a kind of domestic hot-water of utilization is provided spent hot water's heat of (shower, washing and washing etc.) after use, come the air intake of heating fumigators, the relative humidity of air intake is reduced, thus the method that air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter frosting amount is reduced.Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of system that can reduce air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter frosting degree in winter.
First purpose of the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions: the method for this minimizing frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter comprises the step of following order:
(1) after the domestic hot-water after will using collects with waste water tank, in the suction wastewater heat exchange device, carry out heat exchange with intermediary's water in the wastewater heat exchange device after, be back to waste water tank again;
(2) with in (1) phase transition heat accumulation unit of intermediary's water suction that goes on foot after gained carries out heat exchange, when the meeting frosting of air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter, allow intermediary's water of coming out in the phase transition heat accumulation unit flow into again in the air heater of an inlet side that is installed on air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter, simultaneously the adjustable speed fan of air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter is transferred to high-grade rotating speed; And when air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter can frosting the time, air heater is unloaded, and, simultaneously, the adjustable speed fan of air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter is transferred to low-grade rotating speed UNICOM between phase transition heat accumulation unit and the water source heat pump units evaporimeter;
(3) under two kinds of situations described in (2) step, the intermediary's water that comes out in the air heater or the intermediary's water that directly comes out in the phase transition heat accumulation unit flow in the evaporimeter of water source heat pump units again is back to the wastewater heat exchange device then.
Second purpose of the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions: the system of this minimizing frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter, comprise air-source heat pump hot water group, water source heat pump units, after air-source heat pump hot water group and the water source heat pump units parallel connection with boiler UNICOM; It also comprises a waste water circulation loop and intermediary's water circulation loop, the waste water circulation loop comprises a waste water tank, the waste water pump that is connected with waste water tank, the water intake UNICOM of waste water pump and wastewater heat exchange device, the wastewater effluent mouth of wastewater heat exchange device and waste water tank UNICOM; Intermediary's water circulation loop comprises a phase transition heat accumulation unit, and phase transition heat accumulation unit links to each other with intermediary's water delivery port of wastewater heat exchange device by intermediary's water-circulating pump; Inlet side at the evaporimeter of air-source heat pump hot water group is equipped with air heater, and air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter opposite side is equipped with adjustable speed fan; The water inlet of air heater links to each other with the delivery port of phase transition heat accumulation unit by flexible pipe, and the delivery port of air heater links to each other by the water inlet of flexible pipe with the evaporimeter of water source heat pump units, and the pipeline at air heater two ends is provided with valve; The delivery port of phase transition heat accumulation unit also directly is connected with the water inlet of the evaporimeter of water source heat pump units, also is provided with valve on its pipeline; The delivery port of the evaporimeter of water source heat pump units links to each other with intermediary's water water inlet of wastewater heat exchange device.
Domestic hot-water's spent hot water's temperature of (shower, washing and washing etc.) after use is still higher, is example with the shower, and spent hot water's temperature of discharge is generally 30-35 ℃, is worth so have good waste heat recovery.The present invention utilized the method for spent hot water's heat to air heat owing to having adopted before outdoor air enters air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter, improve the air themperature that enters evaporimeter, make the corresponding raising of evaporating temperature, the relative humidity of air is reduced, can significantly reduce the possibility that frosting appears in the evaporimeter first half.During level before the temperature and humidity of air in the evaporator fin returns to heating, air has been in the middle part or the rear portion of evaporimeter, owing to improved evaporating temperature, the frosting degree at evaporimeter middle part or rear portion is reduced.Because evaporimeter middle part or rear portion are nearer from the outlet of evaporimeter, as long as wind speed can remain on about 3m/s, air-flow can blow out evaporimeter from evaporimeter middle part or rear portion with the crystal of the frost of part needle-like or column, makes white less that evaporimeter middle part or rear portion can remain.
Air heater is a finned tube exchanger, and in order to reduce air drag, the spacing of fin of air heater is greater than the spacing of fin of evaporimeter.The present invention has also adopted phase transition heat accumulation unit, and when wastewater flow rate deficiency or wastewater temperature were lower, the temperature of the heat regulation intermediary water that can accumulate by phase transition heat accumulation unit had been kept the continuous operation of system to a certain extent.
Because adopt used heat as the thermal source that adds hot-air, the heating capacity of unit not only can not reduce, and also can increase owing to the rising of evaporating temperature.The present invention can make frosting degree reduce, and saves the defrosting energy consumption, increases the heating load of unit, has strengthened reliability of system operation and stability.Compare with the air source heat pump hot-water heating system that adopts the auxiliary heating of electricity winter, adopt the air-source heat pump hot water group behind the present invention can winter saving energy about 20%; Simultaneously, the water source heat pump units in parallel with the air-source heat pump hot water group also can reclaim waste water heat energy, and whole system is than pure air source heat pump hot-water heating system winter saving energy about 40%.In can not frosting, can disassemble heater, the rotating speed of blower fan is turned down, can not influence the normal operation of system.Device of the present invention does not need to change the flow process of unit heating, is convenient to existing air source heat pump hot-water heating system is transformed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention when air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter meeting frosting.
The theory structure schematic diagram that Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the invention when air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter can not frosting.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of phase transition heat accumulation unit in the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Referring to Fig. 1, air heater 1 is positioned at the inlet side of air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter 2, and two ends link to each other with system by flexible pipe 9.If the parallel connection of many air-source heat pump hot water groups is arranged, then need a plurality of air heater parallel connections.The blower fan of air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter is an adjustable speed fan 3, can carry out two grades of speed governing.The evaporimeter 10 of phase transition heat accumulation unit 4, air heater 1, water source heat pump units, wastewater heat exchange device 14 and intermediary's water-circulating pump 8 connect and compose intermediary's water circulation loop.Wastewater heat exchange device 14, waste water pump 13 constitute the waste water circulation loop with waste water tank 16.Water source heat pump units is in parallel with the air-source heat pump hot water group, and both water of heat supply simultaneously also can be by the independent heat supply water of air-source heat pump hot water group.The outer surface of boiler 18, waste water tank 16 and phase transition heat accumulation unit 4 has insulation construction, and the top of waste water tank 16 is provided with overflow pipe 21, and unnecessary waste water can be discharged from overflow pipe 21.
Referring to Fig. 3, be the structural representation of phase transition heat accumulation unit, constitute by housing 28, fixed phase change heat-storing material 24, water inlet 25, delivery port 29, water-locator 26, screen pack 27.It is that 15-30 ℃ paraffin is as heat-storing material (adopting the paraffin of which kind of melting temperature to depend on the height of wastewater temperature) that fixed phase change heat-storing material 24 adopts melting temperatures, and adopting high density polyethylene (HDPE) as backing material, both mix the back in the certain quality ratio and adopt certain method to be prepared from.It is solid-state that fixed phase change heat-storing material 24 still can keep after accumulation of heat, do not need to use container encloses, intermediary's water can be directly and fixed phase change heat-storing material 24 carry out heat exchange, improved heat exchange efficiency.
When winter temperature is reduced to evaporator surface when can frosting occur, system utilizes the heat energy of waste water to the heating of evaporimeter air intake, and reclaims used heat and produce hot water.In the wastewater flow rate abundance, and wastewater temperature is higher the time, and valve-off 5 is opened valve 6, valve 7.Waste water filters the back through filter 15 and flows into waste water tanks 16, and the waste water that waste water pump 13 extracts in the waste water tanks 16 enters wastewater heat exchange device 14, carries out heat exchange with intermediary water, and the waste water after temperature reduces is sent back to waste water tank 16.Intermediary's water after the intensification is introduced into phase transition heat accumulation unit 4, and release heat is given setting phase change heat storage material 24, makes phase transition heat accumulation unit 4 accumulation of heats; Intermediary's water enters air heater 1 then, makes Cryogenic air be heated intensification before entering evaporimeter, reduces the relative humidity of air, effectively reduces the frosting degree of evaporimeter.At last, intermediary's water enters the evaporimeter 10 of water source heat pump units, heats circulation by what cold-producing medium carried out between evaporimeter 10, compressor 20, condenser 11, choke valve 19, and the Lowlevel thermal energy of intermediary's water is converted into high level heat, produces hot water.The low temperature intermediary water that comes out from water source heat pump units evaporimeter 10 is got back to wastewater heat exchange device 14 and is carried out heat exchange with waste water, so circulates, and waste water heat energy is fully utilized.
When wastewater flow rate deficiency or wastewater temperature were lower, the temperature of intermediary's water dropped to below the melting temperature of fixed phase change heat-storing material 24, and at this moment phase transition heat accumulation unit 4 begins to discharge the heat of being accumulated, and improved the temperature of intermediary's water.When if the leaving water temperature of phase transition heat accumulation unit 4 is not higher than inflow temperature, still wastewater flow rate deficiency or wastewater temperature are low, and then system is out of service.Can increase air flow resistance owing to increase heat exchanger in the evaporimeter inlet side, adjustable speed fan 3 needs by high-grade rotating speed operation, to guarantee that air quantity can not descend.
When outside air temperature goes back up to more than 7 ℃, and temperature can guarantee that evaporator surface frosting can not occur when more stable, needn't heat the evaporimeter air intake.Referring to Fig. 2, at this moment need valve-off 6, valve 7, air heater 1 is disassembled, and Open valve 5.Adjustable speed fan 3 is by low-grade rotating speed operation, to save fan energy consumption.Native system can only need not opened water source heat pump units during frosting at evaporimeter, reclaims waste water heat energy and is used to produce hot water.In the wastewater flow rate abundance, and wastewater temperature is when higher, and phase transition heat accumulation unit 4 can be accumulated the part heat; When wastewater flow rate deficiency or wastewater temperature were lower, phase transition heat accumulation unit 4 began to discharge the heat of being accumulated, and improved the temperature of intermediary's water.When if the leaving water temperature of phase transition heat accumulation unit 4 is not higher than inflow temperature, still wastewater flow rate deficiency or wastewater temperature are low, and then system is out of service.
When water source heat pump units and air-source heat pump hot water group heat supply simultaneously water, hot water circulating pump 17 extracts needs the water that heats in the boilers 18, enter the condenser 11 of water source heat pump units and the condenser 12 of air-source heat pump hot water group respectively, the water after the intensification turns back in the boiler.In case the hot water temperature in the boiler reaches design temperature, water source heat pump units, air-source heat pump hot water group and all water pump are all out of service.The porch of water source heat pump units condenser is provided with magnetic valve 22.If water source heat pump units is out of service, then the control system of unit can be closed the magnetic valve 22 of condenser water inlet automatically.The filling pipe of boiler 18 is provided with moisturizing magnetic valve 23, is used for automatic water supplement.
Claims (6)
1. method that reduces frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter is characterized in that comprising the step of following order:
(1) after the domestic hot-water after will using collects with waste water tank, in the suction wastewater heat exchange device, carry out heat exchange with intermediary's water in the wastewater heat exchange device after, be back to waste water tank again;
(2) with in (1) phase transition heat accumulation unit of intermediary's water suction that goes on foot after gained carries out heat exchange, when air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter is in the state of meeting frosting, allow intermediary's water of coming out in the phase transition heat accumulation unit flow into again in the air heater of an inlet side that is installed on air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter, simultaneously the adjustable speed fan of air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter is transferred to high-grade rotating speed; And when air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter be in not can frosting state the time, air heater is unloaded, and, simultaneously, the adjustable speed fan of air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter is transferred to low-grade rotating speed with UNICOM between phase transition heat accumulation unit and the water source heat pump units evaporimeter;
(3) under two kinds of situations described in (2) step, the intermediary's water that comes out in the air heater or the intermediary's water that directly comes out in the phase transition heat accumulation unit flow in the evaporimeter of water source heat pump units again is back to the wastewater heat exchange device then.
2. the method for minimizing frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in (2) step, if the parallel connection of many air-source heat pump hot water groups is arranged, then count identical air heater in requisition in parallel organizing a performance with air-source heat pump hot water.
3. the method for minimizing frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: make the outer surface of waste water tank and phase transition heat accumulation unit have insulation construction.
4. realize the system of the minimizing frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter of method according to claim 1 for one kind, comprise air-source heat pump hot water group, water source heat pump units, after air-source heat pump hot water group and the water source heat pump units parallel connection with boiler UNICOM; It is characterized in that: it also comprises a waste water circulation loop and intermediary's water circulation loop, the waste water circulation loop comprises a waste water tank, the waste water pump that is connected with waste water tank, the water intake UNICOM of waste water pump and wastewater heat exchange device, the wastewater effluent mouth of wastewater heat exchange device and waste water tank UNICOM; Intermediary's water circulation loop comprises a phase transition heat accumulation unit, and phase transition heat accumulation unit links to each other with intermediary's water delivery port of wastewater heat exchange device by intermediary's water-circulating pump; Inlet side at the evaporimeter of air-source heat pump hot water group is equipped with air heater, and air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter opposite side is equipped with adjustable speed fan; The water inlet of air heater links to each other with the delivery port of phase transition heat accumulation unit by flexible pipe, and the delivery port of air heater links to each other by the water inlet of flexible pipe with the evaporimeter of water source heat pump units, and the pipeline at air heater two ends is provided with valve; The delivery port of phase transition heat accumulation unit also directly is connected with the water inlet of the evaporimeter of water source heat pump units, also is provided with valve on its pipeline; The delivery port of the evaporimeter of water source heat pump units links to each other with intermediary's water water inlet of wastewater heat exchange device.
5. the system of minimizing frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described air heater is a finned tube exchanger, and the spacing of fin of air heater is greater than the spacing of fin of air-source heat pump hot water group evaporimeter; The outer surface of described waste water tank, phase transition heat accumulation unit and boiler is an insulation construction.
6. according to the system of claim 4 or 5 described minimizing frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter, it is characterized in that: the top at waste water tank is provided with overflow pipe, is provided with magnetic valve in the water inlet of water source heat pump units condenser.
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| CN2009100435407A CN101566410B (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2009-05-27 | Method and system for reducing frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter |
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| CN2009100435407A CN101566410B (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2009-05-27 | Method and system for reducing frosting degree of air-source heat pump hot water unit in winter |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102620481A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-08-01 | 林青虎 | Heat utilization system of communication equipment |
| CN102759194A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-10-31 | 温筱茜 | Heat pump system using tap water as water source |
| CN103234305B (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏河海新能源股份有限公司 | Heat circulation unit |
| CN104101126B (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2017-01-25 | 上海理工大学 | Continuous heat-supplying phase change energy storage overlapped type air source heat pump system and operation method thereof |
| CN104654572A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-05-27 | 湖南工程学院 | Air-source heat pump water heater |
| CN104654571A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-05-27 | 湖南工程学院 | Heat pump water heater |
| CN104949292B (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2018-02-02 | 芜湖美智空调设备有限公司 | Air conditioner and its control method |
| CN113503676A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-10-15 | 深圳市派沃新能源科技股份有限公司 | Air source heat pump defrosting method and air energy heat pump water chiller-heater unit |
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