CN101564021A - Parent culture method in industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders - Google Patents
Parent culture method in industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders Download PDFInfo
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- CN101564021A CN101564021A CNA2009100623105A CN200910062310A CN101564021A CN 101564021 A CN101564021 A CN 101564021A CN A2009100623105 A CNA2009100623105 A CN A2009100623105A CN 200910062310 A CN200910062310 A CN 200910062310A CN 101564021 A CN101564021 A CN 101564021A
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- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009343 monoculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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Abstract
The invention provides a parent culture method in the industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders, which adopts adaptive culture facilities and culture methods according to the physiological characteristics of the giant salamanders and the gonad development law of the parent; and the diversification and quantification of the fed bait meet the nutritional requirement of the giant salamanders in pre-reproductive period. Simultaneously, the invention adopts the method of combining group-culture with monoculture according to the characteristics of the reproductive performance of an individual giant salamander, conducts electronic marking on group-culture parents, establishes individual archive for each parent, adopts track management and well does jobs such as daily water exchange, feeding, antepartum culture and postpartum culture, overwintering management and prevention of diseases. The parent culture method greatly saves culture area, lowers culture cost, improves the culture capacity of a unit area by 4 to 6 times, and the artificial propagation performance of giant salamanders by 30 to 40 percent and increases culture benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture technology, specially refer to the parent culture method in the industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders.
Background technology
The quality of giant salamander parent culture situation is directly connected to its breeding result in artificial propagation, and it is a crucial basic work in the giant salamander artificial breeding process.At present, in industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders, parent culture does not generally adopt specific method, and breeding process is similar to the breed of edible salamander.The breed main purpose of edible salamander is that pursuit high density and growth are fast, by methods such as control water temperature, increase feed injected volumes, increases the vegetative period of edible salamander.And giant salamander parent's cultivation purpose is to improve parent's fertility, according to the physiological property of giant salamander and gonad development rule just require to control cultivation density and feed total amount, increase that the feed kind is many, the normal hibernation of assurance giant salamander and suitable stimulation by running water etc.Therefore, adopt the cultural method of edible salamander to cultivate the giant salamander parent, do not meet its law of development.In addition, at present the breed form that adopted of giant salamander parent mainly contains two kinds, monoculture and raising together with.Monoculture, promptly a tail parent is only supported in a pond, has so just avoided biting mutually and transmission between the Different Individual, be convenient to understand ingesting and developmental state of this individuality, but shortcoming is to take more cultured area, has increased cost.Raise together with, promptly many tails parent is supported in a pond, and pluses and minuses are opposite with monoculture.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of unit are that can improve to culture ability, can promote the parent culture method in the industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders of reproductive performance again.
For achieving the above object, step of the present invention is as follows:
(1) sets up that the parent cultures the workshop and the parent cultures the pond: each workshop area 200-400 square meter, each sump area 1-12 square meter in the workshop, the dark 60-85cm in pond, depth of water 15-20cm, there is independently culvert system in each pond, the pond 1-2 square meter of monoculture, every pool cultivated parent's 1 tail, group support pond 4-12 square meter, every pool cultivated parent 6-15 tail;
(2) handle the water source: with the water source of contamination-free after filtration, precipitation, sterilization, aeration, regulate pH to 6.5-8.2 after, flow into each pond through water inlet system;
(3) mark group support parent with set up individual archives: with the mark rifle electronic chip is inserted the subcutaneous of giant salamander caudal peduncle or tail middle part by tail, the scanning registration, the giant salamander that will cross through mark and the giant salamander of monoculture are numbered, and set up the individual archives of parental population;
(4) bait of throwing something and feeding: parent's bait is mainly fresh and alive fish, and additive food has chicken gizzard, beef liver etc., the individuality of single cabrage 4-8kg, year bait feeding amount is about 5-6kg, bigger or less parent, its feeding volume can suitably increase and decrease, and throws something and feeds once in every 2-3 days, the 20-30 that at every turn throws something and feeds gram, the annual bait quantity of throwing something and feeding was distributed by season, its roughly share be about: spring (the 1-3 month) 5-8%, summer (the 4-6 month) 35%, autumn (the 7-9 month) 32%, winter (the 10-12 month) 25-28%;
(5) daily management: the parent cultures the both available flowing water in pond and cultures, also available hydrostatic is cultured, flowing water is cultured and is exchanged pond water 3-6 time every day, cleans the pond once in every month, and hydrostatic is cultured when water temperature is higher than 17 ℃, change water every day once, water temperature was changed water once in per 2 days in the time of 12-17 ℃, water temperature is below 12 ℃ the time, changed water once in per 3 days, and changed and to remove residual bait before the water and dirt in the pond is cleaned out;
(6) cultivate and overwinter management antenatal postpartum: the 5-6 month that giant salamander is antenatal, bath every day once, antenatal based on the living bait of throwing something and feeding, fed a vitamin E capsule in every month, with the administration of fresh fish piece parcel, the individuality of damage in the artificial propagation operation, antibiotic of injection such as gentamicin sulphate before the Hui Chi, lumbar injection, the 5-7 in postpartum days, 10-20 gram/tail fresh fish the piece of throwing something and feeding every day, the inferior daily inspection situation of ingesting is after ingesting continuously 3-5 days, can change and feed living bait, the giant salamander parent enters hibernation-like state when water temperature is lower than 10 ℃, at hibernation period, can throw in a little live loacs, environment is kept quite, changed water once in every 3-5 days, and looked the weather condition ventilation of suitably windowing, survive the winter smoothly in order to giant salamander;
(7) prevention of damage by disease: keep the source quality cleaning, periodic analysis water quality, guarantee in the water source total number of bacteria 10/below the ml, refresh the water periodically, the dirt and the residual bait of culturing in the pond should in time be removed, keep culturing cleaning in the pond, guarantee fresh and alive to the bait of throwing something and feeding, omnidistance the pollution-free of bait that keep in decomposing the bait and the process of throwing something and feeding, the small fishes of throwing something and feeding needs to culture with clear water and throw something and feed more than 1 day again, and every day, the ingesting and active situation of scrutiny giant salamander observed by tail, discovery is bitten or unusual individual need in time quarantine, generation that wards off disease and infection.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the method that adopts group support to combine with monoculture the giant salamander parent culture, most of parent adopts the group support mode, to the significantly individual monoculture of carrying out of fighting behavior, saved cultured area greatly, can improve unit are and culture ability 4-6 doubly.The group support parent is adopted the electronic chip mark and sets up the individual archives of parent, be convenient to comparison parent's affiliation and sum up individual reproductive characteristic, tracing management can improve giant salamander artificial propagation performance 30-40%, has reduced aquaculture cost, has improved culture benefit.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
1, sets up that the parent cultures the workshop and each parent of pond cultures workshop area 200-400 square meter, 1-12 square meter in pond in the workshop, the high 60-85cm in pond, depth of water 15-20cm.There is independently culvert system in each pond.The pond 1-2 square meter of monoculture, every pool cultivated giant salamander parent 1 tail, group support pond 4-12 square meter, every pool cultivated 6-15 tail.
2, handle the water source with the water source of contamination-free after filtration, precipitation, sterilization, aeration, regulate pH to 6.5-8.2 after, flow into each pond by water inlet system.
3, mark group support parent inserts giant salamander caudal peduncle or tail middle part subcutaneous with electronic chip by tail with the mark rifle with setting up individual archives, and scanning is registered.Chip is passive electronic product, can the growth of giant salamander not exerted an influence, and can preserve more than 10 years.The giant salamander numbering of giant salamander that will cross through mark and monoculture is set up the individual archives of parental population, writes down sex, body weight, source, birth age, breeding account of the history etc. respectively.
4, throw something and feed bait giant salamander parent's bait is mainly fresh and alive fish, and as small crucian, loach, silver carp flathead and small fish etc., additive food has chicken gizzard, beef liver etc.The individuality of single cabrage 4-8kg, a year bait feeding amount is about 5-6kg, bigger or less parent, its feeding volume can suitably increase and decrease.Threw something and fed once each feeding volume 20-30 gram in every 2-3 days.The annual bait quantity of throwing something and feeding was distributed by season, its roughly share be about: spring (the 1-3 month) 5-8%, summer (the 4-6 month) 35%, autumn (the 7-9 month) 32%, winter (the 10-12 month) 25-28%.
5, the daily management parent cultures the pond and can adopt the flowing water breed, also can adopt hydrostatic to culture.The discharge that flowing water is cultured is to exchange pond water 3-6 time every day, cleans the pond once in every month.Hydrostatic is cultured when water temperature is higher than 17 ℃, changes water every day once, and quantity of exchanged water is about half of Chi Shui, and water temperature was changed water once in per 2 days in the time of 12-17 ℃, and water temperature was changed water once in per 3 days below 12 ℃ the time.To remove residual bait before changing water, when changing water dirt in the pond be cleaned out.And feeding activity situation etc. carried out record.
6, antenatal cultivation in postpartum and overwinter management are once washed by water (not needing during the flowing water cultivating condition) in the antenatal 5-6 month of giant salamander every day, and time 1-2 hour, amount of flush water was 3-5 a times of Chi Shui.By the current and the underwater sound, to stimulate parent's gonad development.Antenatal based on the living bait of throwing something and feeding, fed a vitamin E capsule in every month, with the administration of fresh fish piece parcel.Parent's physique in postpartum is poor, for the individuality that damage is arranged in the artificial propagation operating process, needs antibiotic of injection before the Hui Chi, as gentamicin sulphate, and 50,000 units/tail, lumbar injection.At 5-7 days of postpartum, the 10-20 gram/tail fresh fish piece but throw something and feed every day, the inferior daily inspection situation of ingesting after ingesting continuously 3-5 days, can change and feed living bait.The giant salamander parent enters hibernation-like state when water temperature is lower than 10 ℃, at hibernation period, can throw in a little live loacs in the pond, and environment is kept quite, and changes water once in every 3-5 days, looks the weather condition ventilation of suitably windowing, and survives the winter smoothly in order to giant salamander.
7, prevention of damage by disease keeps the source quality cleaning, periodic analysis water quality, guarantee in the water source total number of bacteria 10/below the ml.Refresh the water periodically, the dirt and the residual bait of culturing in the pond should in time be removed, and keep culturing cleaning in the pond.Fresh and alive to the bait assurance of throwing something and feeding, omnidistance the pollution-free of bait that keeps in decomposing the bait and the process of throwing something and feeding, the small fishes of throwing something and feeding needs to throw something and feed more than 1 day with the clear water breed again.Every day, the ingesting and active situation of scrutiny giant salamander observed by tail, found to bite or unusual individual need in time quarantine generation that wards off disease and infection.
Claims (1)
1, the parent culture method in the industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders is characterized in that:
(1) set up that the parent cultures the workshop and the parent cultures the pond: each workshop area 200-400 square meter, each sump area 1-12 square meter in the workshop, the dark 60-85cm in pond, depth of water 15-20cm, there is independently culvert system in each pond;
(2) handle the water source: with the water source of contamination-free after filtration, precipitation, sterilization, aeration, regulate pH to 6.5-8.2 after, flow into each pond through water inlet system;
(3) mark group support parent with set up individual archives: it is subcutaneous that electronic chip is inserted giant salamander by tail, and with the giant salamander numbering, set up the individual archives of parental population;
(4) bait of throwing something and feeding: parent's bait is mainly fresh and alive fish, and additive food has chicken gizzard, beef liver etc., the individuality of single cabrage 4-8kg, and a year bait feeding amount is about 5-6kg, throws something and feeds once the 20-30 that at every turn throws something and feeds gram in every 2-3 days;
(5) daily management: the parent cultures the both available flowing water in pond and cultures, and also available hydrostatic is cultured, and exchanged pond water 3-6 time every day when flowing water was cultured, and exchange pond waterside number was decided on water temperature when hydrostatic was cultured;
(6) cultivate and overwinter management antenatal postpartum: the 5-6 month that giant salamander is antenatal, bath every day once, based on the living bait of throwing something and feeding, fed a vitamin E capsule in every month, 5-7 days of giant salamander postpartum, the 10-20 gram/tail fresh fish piece of throwing something and feeding every day is after the giant salamander parent enters hibernation period, can throw in a little live loacs, change water once in every 3-5 days;
(7) prevention of damage by disease: keep the source quality cleaning, guarantee in the water source total number of bacteria 10/below the ml, refresh the water periodically, the bait of throwing something and feeding is guaranteed fresh and alive, every day the scrutiny giant salamander ingest and active situation generation that wards off disease and infection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100623105A CN101564021A (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2009-05-27 | Parent culture method in industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders |
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| CNA2009100623105A CN101564021A (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2009-05-27 | Parent culture method in industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders |
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| CN101564021A true CN101564021A (en) | 2009-10-28 |
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| CNA2009100623105A Pending CN101564021A (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2009-05-27 | Parent culture method in industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102475071A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-30 | 城固汉源大鲵训繁有限公司 | Non-dormancy high-yield standardized breeding technology for giant salamanders |
| CN102771438A (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2012-11-14 | 孙继华 | Giant salamander culture facility and method for culturing giant salamander by using same |
| CN103380758A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-11-06 | 西南大学 | Factory giant salamander healthy cultivation method |
| CN107047386A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-08-18 | 卢仁华 | A kind of artificial cultivating method of Chinese pepper fish |
-
2009
- 2009-05-27 CN CNA2009100623105A patent/CN101564021A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102475071A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-30 | 城固汉源大鲵训繁有限公司 | Non-dormancy high-yield standardized breeding technology for giant salamanders |
| CN102771438A (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2012-11-14 | 孙继华 | Giant salamander culture facility and method for culturing giant salamander by using same |
| CN103380758A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-11-06 | 西南大学 | Factory giant salamander healthy cultivation method |
| CN107047386A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-08-18 | 卢仁华 | A kind of artificial cultivating method of Chinese pepper fish |
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Open date: 20091028 |