CN1015519B - Apparatus and process for countergravity casting of metal with air exclusion - Google Patents
Apparatus and process for countergravity casting of metal with air exclusionInfo
- Publication number
- CN1015519B CN1015519B CN88102623.9A CN88102623A CN1015519B CN 1015519 B CN1015519 B CN 1015519B CN 88102623 A CN88102623 A CN 88102623A CN 1015519 B CN1015519 B CN 1015519B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- mentioned
- mold
- crucible
- ascending pipe
- closed chamber
- Prior art date
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- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould
Abstract
Countergravity casting of molten metal with exclusion of air in a gas-pervious mold sealed in an evacuable chamber having a free end of a fill pipe for the mold cavities projecting therefrom. The fill pipe is moved relative to an enclosed crucible containing the molten metal under an air-free atmosphere of inert gas to project the fill pipe free end through an opening in the crucible enclosure to a position below the molten metal surface so that evacuation of the chamber produces filling of the mold. Entry of air into the crucible enclosure through its opening is prevented by maintaining the surface of the molten metal and the ambient atmosphere a sufficient distance apart prior to insertion of the fill pipe to prevent circulating air currents from drawing air through the opening down to the metal. Entry of air can be further prevented by maintaining a sufficient pressure of inert gas in the crucible enclosure and by sealing the upper portion of the fill pipe between the chamber and the mold.
Description
The present invention relates to the method and apparatus of countergravity casting of metal with air exclusion, reactive metal especially, as some contain under casting temperature easily with air reaction generate oxide and (or) particular alloy of the element of nitride (cast article is harmful to).
Because the residing temperature of metal is its temperature easy and air reaction in whole casting operation, so in order to cast these reactive metals in high quality, whole casting operation all should carry out under the situation of deaeration, and deaeration can be to vacuumize also to use the inert gas replacement air.By deaeration carry out antigravity casting usually used a kind of method and apparatus be disclosed in the United States Patent (USP) No. 3863706 and No. 3900064.According to these patents, the closed chamber top of metal molten crucible is equipped with the sealing mistress of a vacuum-pumping, this mistress has by one and stretches out the path that the pipeline that passes crucible closed chamber top leads to crucible from it, and the slide-valve of intermediate closed is housed on the pipeline.The outer indoor mold chamber that can vertically separate that has indoorly holds a gas permeability mold and seals around mold, and stretch out from the bottom of mold chamber the lower end of mold ascending pipe.
Use the patent equipment described in these patents, the motlten metal of being cast is from crucible, is pumped at the crucible closed chamber under the condition of high vacuum ingot is melted in crucible.In casting, mold is placed in the outer indoor mold chamber, mold chamber and mistress all be sealing and vacuumize, they and crucible closed chamber by with inert gas for example argon gas recharge the low vacuum that reaches same.Along with pipeline valve opens, the mold chamber descends by pipeline, and the external part of mold ascending pipe is under the surface of motlten metal in the crucible.Subsequently sufficiently high vacuum is pumped in the mold chamber, makes motlten metal flow through the injection channel and fill with mold cavity.After the metal in the mold cavity fully hardened, rising mold chamber and mistress's pressure took out the mold chamber and to send into the mistress from the crucible closed chamber, then take out mold from mold chamber and mistress.
The method and apparatus of these patents is being produced easily and is being very successful aspect the premium casting of the metal of air reaction, but around the mistress of mold chamber and the pipeline that valve is housed that links to each other with the crucible closed chamber thereof is very expensive equipment, and these equipment make complicated operationization and bring some bad restrictions to use.For example, the mistress needs hermatic door the passage that leads to the mold chamber is provided, and putting into and to take out mold, but this mistress has obstruction to these operations.By connecting pipe, the mistress is subjected to the heat conducting influence from the crucible closed chamber, and when valve open, the mistress is subjected to the wherein influence of heat, and this makes that mistress's abundant cooling is very difficult.Being used for the position of mechanical device of the mold of chamber interior lifting outside chamber makes seal complexization around the movable part that stretches among the mistress, and it is very complicated to make sealing lead to the passage of mechanical device and mold when the mistress seals.
Although other prior art has been avoided above-mentioned complex device, fail in holding the crucible of motlten metal, to obtain effectively inert atmosphere.
The present invention makes it to become possibility, cancels the mistress of mold chamber in the above-mentioned patent equipment and the pipeline that valve is housed that links to each other with the crucible closed chamber thereof, keeps inert atmosphere effectively at molten metal surface simultaneously.
Might carry out will be owing to the conception of new equipment on this substantial improvement part, the be separated by device of a segment distance of the ambient air source that makes outside motlten metal upper surface and the opening is housed in new equipment, be enough to prevent that circulating current (being called the Brillion district) from bringing to metal by the opening of crucible closed chamber downwards with air, and this device can also keep this spacing in the time beyond the injection process of mold.
In a preferred embodiment, the distance between metallic upper surface and the ambient air source is at least 8 inches, is more preferably at least 18 inches.A kind of preferred escapement is one can reply compressible flexible protective cover, and it is at the opening of crucible closed chamber and the ascending pipe free end is arranged between the opening of the vacuum-pumping mold chamber of wherein stretching out.When ascending pipe insertion crucible closed chamber is positioned under the molten metal surface, the protective cover compression.During insertion, cause low pressure, make it be lower than the pressure of inert gas in the crucible closed chamber thereby the mold chamber vacuumizes in mold inside.Inert gas and motlten metal can be sucked mold from the crucible closed chamber like this.In case mold cavity is filled, ascending pipe is extracted out from the opening of crucible closed chamber, so protective cover is returned to its original shape.
Another preferred escapement is a displaceable member, it is a part of crucible closed chamber, when the free end of ascending pipe stretches into the crucible closed chamber, this installs compression, best situation is that compression betides the upper wall of crucible closed chamber in the lower wall of the vacuum-pumping mold chamber that holds mold contacts.In case casting is finished and ascending pipe is extracted out, this part is got back to its original position.
The advantage of this equipment and technology is, needn't have as the closed chamber of the complexity of early stage technology to cast.In order to reach this purpose, the surface of ascending pipe is airtight, and will keep enough inert gas pressures in the crucible closed chamber, enters crucible closed chamber inside to prevent the air source of air outside opening by opening.The preferably a little higher than atmospheric pressure of the pressure of inert gas.If inert gas is argon gas (density is greater than air) or nitrogen (density is slightly less than air) or other close with nitrogen at least gas of density under the same conditions, the inert gas of Chan Shenging is minimum by opening to the lost of atmosphere so thereupon.
Not only cancelled the complex device of early stage technology in this way, and by adopting the suitable ascending pipe of length, make to keep mold chamber and crucible closed chamber that certain intervals is arranged and make by air or inert gas that thermal insulation becomes possibility between them, thereby guaranteed higher efficient and reduced the refrigeration costs of mold chamber.In addition, in the casting operation process ascending pipe be easy near and be convenient to operation, for example can be as in No. 4589966, the United States Patent (USP) it being carried out the interlock sealing.
Its further advantage is to have reduced system to bleed and charge into the required time of inert gas, and this is useful for the casting large-scale part.
In preferred technology and equipment, be furnished with the packaged type lid on the opening of crucible cover, this covers in around openings and closed chamber is sealable.Take off this lid before the casting operation and again it is covered behind the casting operation.This lid cooperates tightly with opening, because it does not need to bear the load that vacuumizes of closed chamber, so relatively light and be easy to manual manipulation.For the new ingot of supplying with of fusing under high vacuum, be equipped with another bigger heavier no port lid, this lid also can seal with closed chamber mutually in around openings, and this covers available power jacking device handles.After metal melted under vacuum, closed chamber recharged into inert gas, and big lid is replaced by tegillum.
In this technology and equipment, provide extra inert gas from the crucible closed chamber to the mold chamber, help to carry out flushing operation and (or) pressure of the mold chamber that raises subsequently.The advantage that mold in the above-mentioned patent vacuumizes connectedness also obtains utilizing.
Below with reference to accompanying drawing in detail the present invention is described in detail, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the side cutaway views of the present invention's one preferred equipment, have shown the step in the inventive method operation.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are the side cutaway views of another preferred equipment of the present invention, have shown operating procedure.
Fig. 5 is the view of a similar devices, has represented to add in the past crucible situation of metal.
With reference to Fig. 1, the crucible 62 that is used for holding the molten cast metal with upper surface 64 is sealed in one and is generally in the box structure, and total label is 60.Closed chamber 60 can be placed on the ground, and it has its upper wall 66, and upper wall 66 is placed in the top of sidewall by O type sealing ring 68, is detachable (so that all exposed inner).The inside of closed chamber 60 walls can be furnished with the coiled pipe (not shown) carrying out the circulation of cooling fluid (as water), or adopts the double wall of alternate certain distance that cooling agent can be circulated betwixt.Crucible 62 embeds in the refractory material member 70 of an electric insulation, and crucible is on every side around load coil 72.
On the upper wall 66 of closed chamber 60 opening 74 is arranged, with surface 64 centerings of motlten metal in the crucible 62, the size of this opening can make the lower end 44 of ascending pipe 40 of the casting device 10 of vacuum-pumping freely therefrom pass.A similar opening 76 is arranged on thermal insulation board 78, and this plate is made by heat-insulating material, is positioned at the crucible top, is supported on the top of refractory piece 70.Removable cover 80 is used to cover opening 74, seals mutually with the upper wall 66 of closed chamber around opening 74 by O type sealing ring 82.Can there be an aperture 84 centre at lid 80, can carry out thermometric from wherein thermocouple being inserted the molten bath.Closed chamber 60 has a connectedness 86 that links to each other with the differential pressure device (not shown), can after the closed chamber sealing crucible closed chamber be pumped into high vacuum.Also is furnished with connectedness 88 to the inert gas source (not shown).
So far the simplification Casting Equipment of No. 4589466, the advantage of described equipment and United States Patent (USP) is consistent, is applicable to no air casting method.Yet, had better use this paper modified shown in the drawings.
Casting device 10 has a releasable mold chamber 12 that is installed on the support 14 that can vertically move, seals.Mold chamber 12 is divided into two parts, is sealed by an O type ring (not shown) when it is closed, can make this two parts in the vertical direction open and close with the device (not shown) that is suitable for.At its mold lower support wall, there is a centre bore 18 that supports ventilative mold (total label is 20) mold chamber 12, mold shown here is a mould, and mold has a vertical injection channel 22 that has lower end 24, is used for motlten metal introducing mold cavity 26 wherein.Wall thereon, there is a connectedness 16 to the differential pressure device (not shown) mold chamber 12.
The lower part 44 that the airtight ascending pipe 40 that is disposed has a flaring top and extends straight down, there is a radial outward extending upper flange 42 on top.
Mold lower support wall and mold 20 that upper flange 42 inserts mold chamber 12 hermetically center between the lower end of its opening 24.The centre bore 18 that mold chamber 12 is passed in lower part 44 extends straight down.The power hydraulic cylinder 34 that links to each other with travel(l)ing rest 14 can have the mold chamber 12 of mold 20 by lifting selectively, the mold chamber 12 that makes crucible 62 and have a mold 20 produce mutually near and relatively moving of separating.Though not expression among the figure, each discerptible half part of mold chamber 12 all can have device of cooled interior, such as link to each other with cooling agent (can be water) source around the cyclic space between shape coiled pipe or double wall.
Differential pressure device can carry out the selectivity operation, applies a lower pressure for the inside of mold 20 by the connectedness 16a that connects the differential pressure device (not shown), makes it to be lower than the pressure of providing for mold chamber 12 simultaneously by connectedness 16.Preferably adopting can highly breathable and can not see through the porous plug 47 of metal, this gag on the opening of injection channel, mold 20 top 22, the lip of connectedness 16a by seal 46 on porous plug 47 with the mold top seal.By connectedness 16a can porous plug 47 and below mold inside produce a low pressure that is lower than pressure in the mold chamber 12 selectively.Seal 48 can prevent gas leakage between conduit 45 and the mold chamber 12.Connectedness 16 can be linked on the different vacuum pump systems with 16a, also can link suitable control valve is housed, provides on the single vacuum pump system of different pressures for two connectednesses.
Can reply compressible flexible protective cover 89 between upper wall 66 and casting device 10 for one.For heat-resisting, this protective cover is formed by the refractory fibrous material braiding.The preferred material of protective cover 89 is a kind of with Refresil
TMRunning after fame weighs up the refractory glass fiber of selling, and it can be buied from the Niantic Rubber Co. company of the U.S., and the said firm is in Cranston, U.S. Rhode Island.Molten metal surface 64 to the distance on protective cover 89 tops at centre bore 18 places that are positioned at casting device 10 is at least about 18 inches.This layout makes that the nearest air source that can pollute motlten metal when lid 80 is removed is hole 18, and it is far away relatively apart from the molten bath.Like this, in argon gas purge closed chamber 60, available rope or excellent (not shown) take off and cover 80.The pressure of winding-up argon gas will be higher than atmospheric pressure, makes argon gas be full of protective cover 89, and by the hole on the protective cover air in the protective cover is got rid of.Like this, the distance between bath surface and unique potential air source has prevented that circulating current (Brillion district) from bringing air into molten bath.
In the casting of carrying out with method and apparatus of the present invention, supply with the crucible 62 of motlten metal under being in airfree substantially inert atmosphere (in the manner as described below).The end 44 of ascending pipe and opening 74 centerings of crucible closed chamber have promptly been determined the position (as shown in Figure 1) of mold chamber 12, and lid 80 will take off before casting operation begins.By between the lower end of the lower wall of mold chamber 12 and mold 20 around the upper flange 42 of opening 24 sealing ascending pipes 40; and adopt protective cover 89 and simultaneously the pressure of inert gases in the closed chamber 60 is maintained on the atmospheric pressure, just can prevent that air from entering the crucible closed chamber by opening 74.Use can be controlled air-flow at an easy rate and enter closed chamber 60 to prevent air from opening 74 than the nitrogen that the argon gas or the density of the fine and close several times of air only is lower than air slightly.
In casting process, move mold chamber 12 by power hydraulic cylinder 34, make ascending pipe 40 and 60 relative motions of crucible closed chamber, thereby ascending pipe is passed from the opening 74 of closed chamber.With reference to Fig. 2, ascending pipe end 44 is inserted from opening 74 and is immersed under the motlten metal liquid level.The relative motion of ascending pipe end 44 and crucible closed chamber 60 is compressed into a little comparatively flat shape with protective cover.Method unanimity with above-mentioned corresponding United States Patent (USP), when ascending pipe end 44 and crucible closed chamber 60 mutually near the time, apply low pressure pressure reduction for the inside of mold 20 by handling connectedness 16a by Vertical Channel 22, make argon gas, follow by metal, upwards flow into ascending pipe 40 and be full of Vertical Channel 22, the metal static head in the Vertical Channel 22 also makes metal laterally flow in the mold cavity 20.Simultaneously, be equal to or higher than the applied pressure by connectedness 16a institute, a secondary pressure of pressure of molten metal imposes on mold chamber 12 by connectedness 16 in the crucible but be lower than, and equally also is added to the outside of mold 20, is full of motlten metal to guarantee mold cavity 26.The size of secondary pressure will be suitable for making mold cavity 26 to be full of just.In case injection molding is finished, can raise around the pressure of mold 20, keep the low pressure of mold inside simultaneously, to improve the tension in casting quality and the reduction mold.As long as the cast metal is in active temperature, just will be by connectedness 50 input inert gases, the pressure in the rising mold chamber 12.
In case casting is finished, above-mentioned pressure all returns to atmospheric pressure.Open mold chamber 12 subsequently, take out mold 20 and the ascending pipe 40 filled with, prepare next casting circulation.Because protective cover 89 is to reply compressiblely, at this moment it recovers its original-shape.Lid 80 covers again on the opening 74 of closed chamber 60, prepares unless another set of mold has performed casting.
The use of connectedness 16a and described just now method of operating are preferred schemes, but are not essential.Omit connectedness 16a, the change of described method just is, is full of the required low pressure of mold cavity and produces by connectedness 16 in mold chamber 12 fully, and the low pressure of mold outside is imported mold inside into by its air-permeable molded body.Its result generally speaking is not so good as the satisfactory like that of the different two vacuum communicating parts of working pressure.At this moment, fail removal of contamination from mould system effectively in being full of the process of mold cavity, will reduce for obtaining suitably to be full of required mold external pressure, the load of mold increases as a result.In any case but, compare with early stage technology, there is not the method and apparatus of the present invention of connectedness 16a that remarkable benefit is also arranged.
With reference to Fig. 3, provided the not contaminated another kind of method of protection motlten metal here.Crucible closed chamber 60 is equipped with a movable part 67 that is supported on the hydraulic cylinder (not shown), makes metal surface 64 and the nearest air source of opening 74() segment distance and this segment distance is maintained at about 18 inches or bigger of being separated by.With regard to this distance, can cover 80 and charge under the situation of argon gas and prevent the pollution that circulating current causes taking off.As shown in Figure 4, in casting process, close mutually when ascending pipe 40 and 60 relative motions of crucible closed chamber, when the bottom (ascending pipe 40 is from wherein stretching out) of device 10 contacted with the upper wall 66 of crucible closed chamber, movable part 67 joints also were pressed into.In case casting is finished and ascending pipe 40 is extracted out, movable part 67 is got back to its home position.The joint that installs 10 bottoms and wall 66 seals up opening 74, has prevented any significant air intrusion when getting back to its home position in movable part 67 compressed processes and after the mold filling.
With reference to Fig. 5, under airfree inert atmosphere, supply with metal (just needing so sometimes) in order to begin to crucible, be equipped with the replacement lid 90 of an atresia, it all greater than lid 80, and can satisfy requirement to crucible closed chamber pumping high vacuum on size and intensity.Take off and cover 80, remove mold chamber 12 and the ascending pipe 40 thereof of Fig. 1, will put into crucible by molten metal ingot 92, replace and cover 90 and cover on opening 74 and the upper wall by O type ring 94 and closed chamber is removable sealing by opening 74 and 76.Closed chamber vacuumizes the airfree substantially state that reaches by connectedness 80, induction coil 72 work, deposite metal ingot.When the molten bath reaches the temperature of expection, in closed chamber, import the inert gas of required pressure by connectedness 88, relay loam cake 80 with the control stick (not shown), and take off to replace and cover 90.Because lid 90 covers on the movable upper wall 66 of closed chamber 60 and with it and seals on periphery, so it is atmospheric pressure and another side is in the pressure reduction of high vacuum that wall 66 be not exposed to one side, so it can be as covering 80, do than covering 90 lightly, thereby also just be easy to handle than it.
Among the figure in order to illustrate that the selected mold of the present invention is the high temperature bond ceramic mould mold that is used for many foundry goods.Yet be appreciated that this just illustrates, the mold of other type also can be used, such as the sand mo(u)ld of low temperature bonding, and single casting part or many foundry goods, all can of various sizes and shape.Be equipped with low pressure connectedness 16a and use, can increase the selectivity of mold by described herein.
Claims (25)
1, a kind of by getting rid of the method that air in the ventilative mold carries out the motlten metal antigravity casting, above-mentioned mold is sealed in the mold chamber of a vacuum-pumping, mold has an ascending pipe that connects mold cavity, and the free end of a protrusion is arranged on it, and included step has:
The crucible that is in closed chamber in the airfree basically inert atmosphere provides the motlten metal of being cast, above-mentioned closed chamber has an opening to be suitable for making the free end of above-mentioned ascending pipe to pass therethrough, and above-mentioned closed chamber is exposed in the ambient air source between above-mentioned opening and the above-mentioned mold chamber;
Open Side Down brings above-mentioned metal into from above-mentioned with air to prevent circulating current to it is characterized in that this method also comprising the enough at interval spacings of the upper surface that makes above-mentioned metal and ambient air source;
Above-mentioned ascending pipe and above-mentioned crucible closed chamber relatively move, the opening that the free end of above-mentioned ascending pipe is stretched out and pass above-mentioned crucible closed chamber arrives the following position of molten metal surface in the crucible, the above-mentioned mold chamber of finding time makes mold inside that enough low pressure be arranged, this pressure will be lower than the pressure of above-mentioned inert gas in the above-mentioned crucible closed chamber, thereby makes motlten metal pass through the die cavity that above-mentioned mold is injected in above-mentioned ascending pipe rising;
Oppositely relatively move then above-mentioned mold ascending pipe and above-mentioned crucible closed chamber extracted above-mentioned ascending pipe out from above-mentioned opening; And, pass the injection process of the opening of crucible closed chamber and step of from the opening of crucible closed chamber, extracting out and injection molding die cavity except ascending pipe being stretched out, all make above-mentioned upper surface and ambient air source keep above-mentioned spacing at relatively move ascending pipe and crucible closed chamber.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, its further feature is, moves in opposite directions and when the inert gas in the above-mentioned closed chamber sucked above-mentioned mold, vacuumizes for above-mentioned mold chamber at above-mentioned ascending pipe and last art crucible closed chamber.
3, according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, its further feature is that the top of above-mentioned ascending pipe seals between above-mentioned mold chamber and above-mentioned mold.
4, in accordance with the method for claim 1, its further feature is, when the free end of above-mentioned ascending pipe is arranged under the surface of above-mentioned crucible motlten metal, air-flow is provided for the outside of above-mentioned mold in the mold chamber.
5, in accordance with the method for claim 1, its further feature is, the top of above-mentioned mold chamber and above-mentioned mold injection channel vacuumizes connectedness respectively, and keeps the pressure on above-mentioned mold passage top to make it to be lower than the pressure of mold outside, mold chamber thus in a period of time that above-mentioned ascending pipe is arranged under the above-mentioned crucible molten metal surface at least.
6, in accordance with the method for claim 1, its further feature is that the above-mentioned spacing that is kept between above-mentioned metallic upper surface and the above-mentioned ambient air source is greater than 8 inches.
7, in accordance with the method for claim 6, its further feature is that the above-mentioned spacing that is kept between above-mentioned metallic upper surface and the above-mentioned ambient air source is more than 18 inches.
8; according to claim 1 or 6 or 7 described methods; its further feature is; above-mentioned distance between above-mentioned metallic upper surface and the above-mentioned ambient air source is to lean against to add one between the mold chamber opening (above-mentioned ascending pipe therefrom stretches out) of above-mentioned crucible closed chamber opening and above-mentioned vacuum-pumping and can reply compressible flexible protective cover and keep; this protective cover stretches out ascending pipe to pass in the process of opening of crucible closed chamber compression and forms sealing with above-mentioned mold chamber at above-mentioned relatively move ascending pipe and crucible closed chamber, and this protective cover of process that ascending pipe is extracted out along with above-mentioned relatively move ascending pipe and crucible closed chamber from the opening of crucible closed chamber recovers its original-shape.
9, according to claim 1 or 6 or 7 described methods, its further feature is, above-mentioned distance between above-mentioned metallic upper surface and the above-mentioned ambient air source leans against and adds a displaceable member on the above-mentioned crucible closed chamber and keep, when relatively move when adjacent to each other this displaceable member compression and form sealing with above-mentioned mold chamber of above-mentioned crucible closed chamber and above-mentioned ascending pipe; It gets back to the home position when above-mentioned crucible closed chamber and above-mentioned ascending pipe are separated from each other.
10, in accordance with the method for claim 9, its further feature is, when the lower wall (above-mentioned ascending pipe is from wherein stretching out) of above-mentioned crucible closed chamber and the mold chamber of above-mentioned vacuum-pumping when contacting, and above-mentioned displaceable member compression.
11, in accordance with the method for claim 1, its further feature is that above-mentioned ascending pipe is air-locked, and comprises: make inert gas keep enough pressure to enter above-mentioned closed chamber inside to prevent air from above-mentioned opening in above-mentioned crucible closed chamber.
12, in accordance with the method for claim 11, its further feature is that the pressure that remains on the inert gas in the above-mentioned crucible is higher than atmospheric pressure.
13, in accordance with the method for claim 12, its further feature is that the density of above-mentioned inert gas is identical with nitrogen at least.
14, in accordance with the method for claim 13, its further feature is, makes above-mentioned mold chamber and above-mentioned crucible closed chamber adiabatic mutually by air or inert gas, caused and except its heat of carrying out transmission by above-mentioned ascending pipe.
15, according to arbitrary described method in the claim 11～14, its further feature is, for the above-mentioned opening on the above-mentioned crucible closed chamber is equipped with one first removable cover, before opening is passed in the lower end of above-mentioned ascending pipe, take off above-mentioned first removable cover, and after above-mentioned ascending pipe is extracted above-mentioned opening out, above-mentioned first removable cover is covered again on above-mentioned opening.
16, in accordance with the method for claim 15, its further feature is as follows:
Above-mentioned first lid is taken off from above-mentioned opening part;
The spindle of the above-mentioned metal above-mentioned opening by above-mentioned crucible closed chamber is inserted in the above-mentioned crucible;
Second removable cover of being equipped with a bigger and atresia for above-mentioned opening, this lid are pressed on the above-mentioned opening of above-mentioned crucible closed chamber and sealing with it, and have enough intensity to satisfy the requirement of giving above-mentioned crucible closed chamber pumping high vacuum;
Use above-mentioned second lid, the crucible closed chamber and second lid are pumped into airfree substantially low pressure, and in above-mentioned crucible, heat above-mentioned ingot, thereby make above-mentioned ingot be reduced into the molten condition that is suitable for casting;
Thereby inert gas is fed above-mentioned crucible closed chamber form above-mentioned inert gas atmosphere therein;
Remove above-mentioned second the lid and replace with above-mentioned first the lid.
17, come the equipment of casting molten metal by the air in the ventilative mold of emptying, above-mentioned mold is sealed in the mold chamber of a vacuum-pumping, and above-mentioned mold has an ascending pipe that connects the die cavity of above-mentioned mold, and the free end of a protrusion is arranged on it, comprising:
Be used for providing from crucible under airfree inert atmosphere basically the closed crucible device of institute's ingot metal, the free end that above-mentioned crucible closed chamber has an opening to be used for accepting above-mentioned ascending pipe therefrom passes through;
Be used for relatively moving above-mentioned ascending pipe and above-mentioned crucible device so that above-mentioned ascending pipe free end inserts the device of (or from wherein extracting out) above-mentioned crucible closed chamber by above-mentioned opening;
Be used for extracting the air of above-mentioned mold chamber, be enough to cause motlten metal to pass through the device that above-mentioned ascending pipe rises and injects above-mentioned mold cavity so that the mold pressure inside is lower than the pressure of above-mentioned inert gas in the above-mentioned closed chamber;
It is characterized in that:
On above-mentioned ascending pipe and the residing position of above-mentioned crucible device, can make the be separated by escapement of a segment distance of the upper surface of above-mentioned metal and the ambient air source outside the above-mentioned opening; Open Side Down brings above-mentioned metal into by above-mentioned with air to make it to be enough to prevent circulating current; above-mentioned escapement comprises that can be replied the compressible flexible cover that keeps; this protective cover is positioned between the opening of mold chamber of above-mentioned crucible closed chamber opening and above-mentioned vacuum-pumping; above-mentioned ascending pipe free end is from wherein stretching out; the compression and form sealing when above-mentioned ascending pipe free end inserts above-mentioned crucible closed chamber of this protective cover with the mold chamber, and from the crucible closed chamber, extracts its original-shape of back recovery at above-mentioned ascending pipe.
18, come the equipment of casting molten metal by the air in the ventilative mold of emptying, above-mentioned mold is sealed in the mold chamber of a vacuum-pumping, and above-mentioned mold has an ascending pipe that connects the die cavity of above-mentioned mold, and the free end of a protrusion is arranged on it, comprising:
Be used for providing from crucible under airfree inert atmosphere basically the closed crucible device of institute's ingot metal, the free end that above-mentioned crucible closed chamber has an opening to be used for accepting above-mentioned ascending pipe therefrom passes through;
Be used for relatively moving above-mentioned ascending pipe and above-mentioned crucible device so that above-mentioned ascending pipe free end inserts the device of (or from wherein extracting out) above-mentioned crucible closed chamber by above-mentioned opening;
Be used for extracting the air of above-mentioned mold chamber, be enough to cause motlten metal to pass through the device that above-mentioned ascending pipe rises and injects above-mentioned mold cavity so that the mold pressure inside is lower than the pressure of above-mentioned inert gas in the above-mentioned closed chamber;
It is characterized in that:
On above-mentioned ascending pipe and the residing position of above-mentioned crucible device, can make the be separated by escapement of a segment distance of the upper surface of above-mentioned metal and the ambient air source outside the above-mentioned opening, Open Side Down brings above-mentioned metal into by above-mentioned with air to make it to be enough to prevent circulating current, above-mentioned escapement comprises a displaceable member that becomes an above-mentioned crucible closed chamber part, its compression and form sealing when above-mentioned ascending pipe free end inserts above-mentioned crucible closed chamber with above-mentioned mold chamber, and after above-mentioned ascending pipe free end is extracted out, get back to its home position from above-mentioned crucible closed chamber.
19, according to claim 17 or 18 described equipment, it is characterized in that, the top of above-mentioned ascending pipe above-mentioned mold chamber and on stop sealing between mold.
20, according to claim 17 or 18 described equipment, it is characterized in that, be equipped with to the outside device of supplying with inert gas of mold in the above-mentioned mold chamber.
21, according to claim 17 or 18 described equipment, it is characterized in that, the vacuum extractor of above-mentioned mold chamber comprises the connectedness and make above-mentioned connectedness internal gas pressure be lower than the device of the indoor mold external pressure of above-mentioned mold of finding time that is connected to top, injection channel in the mold.
According to claim 17 or 18 described equipment, it is characterized in that 22, the above-mentioned spacing between above-mentioned metallic upper surface and the above-mentioned ambient air source is greater than 8 inches.
According to claim 17 or 18 described equipment, it is characterized in that 23, the above-mentioned spacing between above-mentioned metallic upper surface and the above-mentioned ambient air source is more than 18 inches.
24, according to claim 17 or 18 described equipment, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned ascending pipe is air-locked and is equipped with the device of supplying with inert gas to above-mentioned crucible closed chamber that air feed speed remains on and can make the pressure of above-mentioned gas in the above-mentioned closed chamber be enough to prevent that air or inert gas from entering its inside by the opening on it.
25, according to claim 17 or 18 described equipment, it is characterized in that, except because above-mentioned ascending pipe causes and by the transmission of heat that above-mentioned ascending pipe carried out, between above-mentioned mold chamber and the above-mentioned crucible closed chamber by air or inert gas heat insulation.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US4733487A | 1987-05-07 | 1987-05-07 | |
| US047334 | 1987-05-07 | ||
| US17523188A | 1988-03-30 | 1988-03-30 | |
| US175231 | 1988-03-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN88102623A CN88102623A (en) | 1988-12-14 |
| CN1015519B true CN1015519B (en) | 1992-02-19 |
Family
ID=26724896
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN88102623.9A Expired CN1015519B (en) | 1987-05-07 | 1988-05-07 | Apparatus and process for countergravity casting of metal with air exclusion |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6440162A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1015519B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU610878B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8802221A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1317437C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3815828A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2614812B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2204816B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN170880B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1219274B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX169962B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1722218A3 (en) |
| YU (1) | YU89588A (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8915826D0 (en) * | 1989-07-11 | 1989-08-31 | Auto Alloys Foundries Limited | Casting of metals |
| JP2541341B2 (en) * | 1990-05-15 | 1996-10-09 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | Precision casting method and precision casting apparatus for Ti and Ti alloy |
| US5044420A (en) * | 1990-08-13 | 1991-09-03 | General Motors Corporation | Vacuum-assisted, countergravity casting apparatus and method |
| CA2049228C (en) * | 1990-09-06 | 1996-10-15 | George D. Chandley | Countergravity casting using particulate supported thin walled investment shell mold |
| JP2791529B2 (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1998-08-27 | 日立金属株式会社 | Differential pressure casting method and differential pressure casting device |
| JP3039132B2 (en) * | 1992-05-08 | 2000-05-08 | 富士電機株式会社 | Low pressure casting equipment |
| FR2705044B1 (en) * | 1993-05-10 | 1995-08-04 | Merrien Pierre | LOW PRESSURE PILOT CASTING PROCESS OF A VACUUM MOLD FOR ALUMINUM OR MAGNESIUM ALLOYS AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION. |
| EP0804307A1 (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1997-11-05 | Honsel Fonderie Messier SA | Method and device for casting molten metal in a mould |
| DE29720836U1 (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 1998-01-22 | Vaw Mandl & Berger Gmbh | Low pressure casting furnace with protective gas supply |
| DE19906939C2 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2002-09-19 | Honsel Ag | Induction crucible furnace and its use for the production of castings from particle-reinforced aluminum and magnesium alloys |
| CN1295046C (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2007-01-17 | 北京交通大学 | Pressure adjustable casting method and crucible therefor |
| US8312913B2 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2012-11-20 | Milwaukee School Of Engineering | Casting process |
| DE102005015862A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 | 2006-10-12 | Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh | Method for producing a plurality of components, in particular of titanium aluminide, and apparatus for carrying out this method |
| CN1317094C (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-05-23 | 上海交通大学 | Antigravity vacuum sucking cast apparatus for aluminium base composite material |
| CN100391655C (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2008-06-04 | 上海交通大学 | Pressure difference casting process of preparing in-situ aluminium base composite material |
| CN100391654C (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2008-06-04 | 上海交通大学 | Antigravity vacuum sucking cast process for preparing aluminium base composite material |
| CN100391653C (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2008-06-04 | 上海交通大学 | Low pressure casting process of preparing in-situ aluminium-base composite material |
| CN100352581C (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-12-05 | 华中科技大学 | Metal glass melt cast moulding method and its device |
| CN102335723B (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2016-09-28 | 王卫民 | Negative pressure casting molding method for thin-wall structure |
| KR101367200B1 (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-02-26 | 지정욱 | Process for duplex casting and process for duplex casting apparatus thereof |
| CN103624237B (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-08-05 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of magnesium alloy Anti-gravity casting device and method thereof |
| CN107866546B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2021-02-23 | 广东鸿泰科技股份有限公司 | Hollow frame design and differential pressure casting method |
| RU2691826C1 (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-06-18 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет" (НИ ТГУ) | Method of producing casts from dispersed-hard alloys based on aluminum or magnesium |
| CN109485528B (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2021-03-30 | 山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司 | Coating layer preparation device |
| CN109438142B (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2021-03-30 | 山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司 | Reverse casting device for coating layer preparation |
| CN109332651B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2021-04-09 | 湖南文昌新材科技股份有限公司 | Vacuum stirring suction casting process for composite material |
| US20200360986A1 (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-11-19 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Casting metals |
| CN114505464B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-11-24 | 开平市奇迪科压铸卫浴有限公司 | Low-pressure casting process of environment-friendly zinc alloy handle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3900064A (en) * | 1972-12-04 | 1975-08-19 | Hitchiner Manufacturing Co | Metal casting |
| US3863706A (en) * | 1972-12-04 | 1975-02-04 | Hitchiner Manufacturing Co | Metal casting |
| US3863206A (en) * | 1974-03-12 | 1975-01-28 | Lee C Rabie | Digital Vehicle Detector |
| JPS5820369A (en) * | 1981-07-31 | 1983-02-05 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Suction casting method |
| JPS5954458A (en) * | 1982-09-20 | 1984-03-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Method and device for casting by bottom running of molten metal |
| JPS59144567A (en) * | 1983-02-09 | 1984-08-18 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Vacuum casting method of magnesium alloy |
| US4589466A (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1986-05-20 | Hitchiner Manufacturing Co., Inc. | Metal casting |
| US4673025A (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-06-16 | Inductotherm Corporation | Apparatus and method for maintaining constant molten metal level in metal casting |
| JPH06195761A (en) * | 1992-12-22 | 1994-07-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Manufacture for nickel stamper and manufacturing apparatus therefor |
-
1988
- 1988-04-26 IN IN266/MAS/88A patent/IN170880B/en unknown
- 1988-05-02 AU AU15382/88A patent/AU610878B2/en not_active Expired
- 1988-05-05 GB GB8810587A patent/GB2204816B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-06 BR BR8802221A patent/BR8802221A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-05-06 MX MX011390A patent/MX169962B/en unknown
- 1988-05-06 SU SU884355727A patent/SU1722218A3/en active
- 1988-05-06 CA CA000566110A patent/CA1317437C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-06 FR FR8806154A patent/FR2614812B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-06 IT IT67421/88A patent/IT1219274B/en active
- 1988-05-06 JP JP63109270A patent/JPS6440162A/en active Granted
- 1988-05-07 CN CN88102623.9A patent/CN1015519B/en not_active Expired
- 1988-05-09 YU YU00895/88A patent/YU89588A/en unknown
- 1988-05-09 DE DE3815828A patent/DE3815828A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU610878B2 (en) | 1991-05-30 |
| FR2614812B1 (en) | 1993-07-23 |
| CA1317437C (en) | 1993-05-11 |
| CN88102623A (en) | 1988-12-14 |
| DE3815828A1 (en) | 1988-11-17 |
| GB2204816B (en) | 1991-01-30 |
| IT1219274B (en) | 1990-05-03 |
| IN170880B (en) | 1992-06-06 |
| GB2204816A (en) | 1988-11-23 |
| AU1538288A (en) | 1988-11-10 |
| BR8802221A (en) | 1988-12-06 |
| YU89588A (en) | 1990-04-30 |
| IT8867421A0 (en) | 1988-05-06 |
| JPH0586312B2 (en) | 1993-12-10 |
| FR2614812A1 (en) | 1988-11-10 |
| MX169962B (en) | 1993-08-03 |
| SU1722218A3 (en) | 1992-03-23 |
| GB8810587D0 (en) | 1988-06-08 |
| DE3815828C2 (en) | 1992-11-05 |
| JPS6440162A (en) | 1989-02-10 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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Applicant after: Hitchiner Manufacturing Co., Inc. Applicant before: Metal Casting Tech |
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Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: METAL CASTING TECHNOLOGY INC. TO: PIKELE MANUFACTURING CORP. |
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| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
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