CN101538088B - Construction method of an ecological sewage treatment and water restoration system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of an ecological sewage treatment and water body restoration system. The system can be used for water environment restoration and landscape water treatment beautification projects of small domestic sewage treatment and medium and small lakes, can achieve the aim of constructing a self-restoration and succession water body ecological system, finally constructs the self-restoration and self-succession water body ecological system, and constructs a landscape type sewage treatment plant. The method comprises the following steps: A. constructing a rainwater confluence percolation water replenishing system; B. constructing an ET biochemical system; C. on the basis of the completion of the construction of an ET biochemical system, an ecological balance system of an aquatic animal food chain is gradually constructed according to the relationship of grass-fish, algae-fish, grass-algae-clastic-spiral and clastic-microorganism ecological chain.

Description

Construction method of an ecological sewage treatment and water restoration system

technical field

The invention relates to a construction method of a sewage treatment system, more specifically to a construction method of an ecological sewage treatment and water restoration system. This technology is used in small-scale domestic sewage treatment, water environment restoration of medium and small lakes, and landscape water treatment and beautification projects, and finally achieves the goal of building a self-repairing and self-successful water ecosystem.

Background technique

my country is one of the countries with the poorest water resources. With the rapid economic development in recent years, the pollution of water resources has become increasingly serious, which has further reduced the availability of water bodies, making my country one of the countries with serious shortage of water resources. The severe shortage of water resources urgently requires the development of appropriate sewage resource technology to alleviate this contradiction. Compared with the conventional sewage treatment process, the method of ecological pollution control has the characteristics of low treatment cost, obvious treatment effect, and conforms to the characteristics of sustainable development. However, when the ordinary single ecological management method is applied to a specific project, there are various problems such as unstable operation, inconvenient maintenance and management, and unstable and sustainable sewage treatment effect. This technology overcomes these defects and integrates various ecological The treatment technology is organically integrated and combined, which is different from other similar technologies. It is integrated with the water landscape. The system structures are also the main body of the ecological landscape. These invisible treatment structures are integrated with the natural landscape. When this technology is applied to actual projects, it strives to adapt measures to local conditions, and has strong operability and better comprehensive technical and economic indicators.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies and problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a method for constructing an ecological sewage treatment and water body restoration system, which can be used for small-scale domestic sewage treatment, water environment restoration of medium and small lakes, and landscape water treatment. Governance and beautification projects can achieve the goal of building a self-repairing and succession water ecosystem, and ultimately build a self-repair and self-succession water ecosystem and build a landscape-style sewage treatment plant.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

The construction method of the ecological sewage treatment and water restoration system of the present invention comprises the following steps:

A. The construction of rainwater confluence infiltration and replenishment system: set up landscape seepage canals 5 to 10 meters away from the water shoreline, and create low-lying surfaces in the vertical direction by using the road elevation in combination with the actual terrain conditions in the open lawn area around the landscape seepage canals. Set up high-level seepage grass seas, seepage grass ditches, low-level seepage grass seas, and seepage ditches respectively, and set slopes on the ground of low-level seepage grass seas, seepage grass ditches, and high-level seepage grass seas. From top to bottom, there are pebbles with a thickness of 40-70mm and gravels with a thickness of 30-40mm. In the middle of the gravel, there is a rainwater collection pipe—a perforated pipe. The perforated pipe is 45 degrees downward, left and right, and each has small water collection holes with a diameter of 20mm;

B. Construction of ET biochemical system: ET biochemical system mainly includes ecological floating island, circulation running water system and external circulation wetland treatment system, wherein the ecological floating island is arranged in the middle of the ET ecological pool in a ring shape, and is set up along the ring-shaped ecological floating island until The soft isolation wall at the bottom of the ecological pool and the enclosure area of the ecological floating island are 40% to 60% of the ET ecological pool. Enter in the tangential direction in the middle of the pond; the circulation running water system is to install and use a submersible circulation aerator under the ecological floating island to make the water flow oxygenate and aerate the water while the circulation is moving, and the oxygen-enriched water of the circulation movement is replenished to the heavy pollution of the water The dead zone realizes the physicochemical and biochemical effects of replacement and dilution, and the treated effluent enters the external circulation wetland system for deep purification; the external circulation wetland system, that is, the shallow water bay wetland filter belt, is set in the water flow direction of the ET ecological pool On the top, it is composed of 1 to 10 combined ecological pools, and the circulation power is 3 to 10W per cubic meter of water to push the flow;

C. On the basis of the completion of the ET biochemical system, according to the relationship between grass-fish, algae-fish, grass algae-detritus-snail and detritus-microbe ecological chain, gradually build an ecological balance system of aquatic animal food chain, according to the ecological Different seasons and growth stages of the balance system, different feeding habits include herbivorous fish, carnivorous fish and filter-feeding fish, breeding includes snails, mussels and aquatic insect benthic organisms, breeding functional flora, Form a food chain or food web, and build an ecological sewage treatment and water restoration system.

The construction method of the ecological sewage treatment and water body restoration system of the present invention, its further technical scheme is that the width of the high-level seepage grass sea, seepage grass ditch, low-level seepage grass sea and seepage ditch are respectively 0.2-0.4m, and the height is 0.3-0.5m, of which the low-level seepage Caohai is 0.10-0.35m lower than the surrounding roads, and the slope of the low-level seepage Caohai, seepage Caogou and high-level seepage Caohai is 3:1-10:1; further technology The plan is to set a bottom inspection well every 20-30m in the seepage grass ditch, and set a mesh grid at the entrance of the downstream pipe.

The construction method of the ecological sewage treatment and water body restoration system of the present invention, its further technical solution can also be that when constructing the rainwater confluence infiltration water replenishment system, the hard ground and some road rainwater are collected by the traditional rainwater tube well system, and then sent to seepage Grass ditches, low-level seepage grass seas, and landscape seepage canals. The rainwater on the soft garden ground diverts in situ and naturally enters the seepage grass ditches, high-level seepage grass seas, low-level seepage grass seas, and landscape seepage canals. After heavy rain, it is in a shallow water state for a short time. The pollution of the initial rainwater is absorbed and filtered and then infiltrates into the water body, and the later rainwater that exceeds the seepage capacity overflows into the water body for ET biochemistry.

The construction method of the ecological sewage treatment and water body restoration system of the present invention, its further technical solution can also be that the circular width of the ecological floating island set in the middle of the ET ecological pool is 0.7-1.8m.

The construction method of the ecological sewage treatment and water body restoration system of the present invention, its further technical scheme can also be that the slope of the ET ecological pool is sequentially provided with a bush area, an emergent plant area, and a secondary revetment from top to bottom , floating plant area, submerged plant area and ecological floating island area, the total planting density is controlled at 35% to 65% of the total area of the ET ecological pool, and the distance between plants is 0.25 to 0.55m according to the variety of plants, which can be adjusted according to the landscape According to the needs, choose and match the varieties of plants with different seasons and flowering periods.

The construction method of the ecological sewage treatment and water body restoration system of the present invention, its further technical scheme can also be that described combined ecological pond is successively composed of overflow dam, emergent plant area, diversion ridge, submerged plant area, diversion ridge , floating leaf plant area and overflow dam, the water bank of the combined ecological pool is sloped according to 5:1-10:1, so that emergent plants grow in the water area of 0.40-0.90m, and the filter zone of Repulse Bay Wetland reduces the edge Slopes make the water form a shoal wetland shape, which is conducive to the growth of a large number of aquatic plants. The transition zone between the shoal and deep water is sloped according to 5:1-1:1, and the water depth is controlled at 1.00-1.60m. Submerged plants are planted , Floating plants are planted in deep water areas, and the amount is controlled below one-third of the water surface. Emergent plants have well-developed root systems and have a strong ability to remove pollutants. After the water in the heavily polluted area passes through the ecological floating island, it enters the push-flow shallow water wetland, flows through the shallow water bay, and completes the purification process of the external circulation of heavily polluted water. Through the step-by-step purification of the huge biomass of hundreds of meters of push-flow wetlands, the eutrophication factors such as N, P, and organic matter in sewage in heavily polluted areas can be effectively controlled, and will no longer cause pollution threats to biodiversity ecosystems. The sewage in the polluted area is transformed into a source of clean water.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The self-repairing and successionable ecological sewage treatment and water body restoration system constructed by the method of the present invention has the characteristics of reliability, effectiveness and sustainability (self-succession); meanwhile, the investment is small, the operation cost is low, and the management is simple and convenient. The treated water reaches three indicators: 1. The visibility of the water body is maintained at 0.8-1.5m all year round; 2. The main water quality indicators of the water body have recently reached the fourth-class water body standard, and the long-term (3-5 years later) will reach the third-class water body standard; 3. 1. The water ecosystem has biological diversity and sustainability, and the system enters a virtuous cycle of self-repair and succession, presenting a landscape of evergreen in four seasons and flowers in three seasons.

The undulating grassland in the nature has a good infiltration and collection effect on rainwater. To simulate this natural phenomenon, artificial grass seas and grass ditches are used to collect rainwater in an organized way in the open lawn around the water body, and slopes are placed on the ground , the infiltration channel sloped towards the water bank can increase the infiltration of rainwater, and through the infiltration of grassland and soil, the pretreatment and cleaning of rainwater can be realized, and it can be used as a water supply source for water bodies. Supplementary water collected through rainwater collection, infiltration, and pretreatment systems can maintain TP and TN at a low level. In addition, ET biochemical through downward sediment deposition, the migration of plants and animals, decreases year by year, achieving a more ecological, Clear, excellent water quality. Adopt the method of "close to nature and restore ecology" for rainwater utilization, combine with wetland protection and restoration of natural depressions, rivers and lakes in parks, etc., to establish an ecological rainwater comprehensive utilization system. This not only reduces the cost of rainwater treatment, but also improves the water environment of the city, and at the same time has landscape benefits. Rainwater collection and reuse responds to the national call for water conservation and energy conservation, and can contribute to the implementation of measures to increase revenue and reduce expenditure. The present invention adopts the submersible aeration aeration biochemical processor to replace perforated pipe aeration, jet aeration, drop water aeration and other methods, which can greatly reduce the construction cost and save operating costs such as power consumption.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rainwater confluence infiltration replenishment system according to an embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the schematic structural diagram of the ET biochemical system of the embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of combination of ecological floating island and soft partition wall according to the embodiment of the present invention

Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the ET ecological pool

Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the landscape seepage canal structure

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the seepage grass ditch structure

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the construction method of the ecological sewage treatment and water body restoration system of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

A. The construction of the rainwater confluence infiltration and replenishment system: set up landscape seepage canals at a distance of 8 meters from the water shoreline, and create low-lying surfaces in the vertical direction by using the road elevation in combination with the actual terrain conditions in the open lawn area around the landscape seepage canals. High-level seepage Caohai, seepage Caogou, low-level seepage Caohai and seepage ditches. The seepage Caohai is 0.25m lower than the surrounding roads; the ground of the low-level seepage Caohai, the seepage Caogou and the high-level seepage Caohai is sloped with a slope of 6:1, and the slope faces the landscape seepage canal along the water bank, and the surface of the landscape seepage canal starts from the top The lower ones are pebbles with a thickness of 60mm and gravels with a thickness of 350mm. Rainwater collection pipes—perforated pipes are installed in the middle of the gravels. The perforated pipes have small holes with a diameter of 20mm at 45 degrees downward, left and right, and a drop is installed every 25m in the seepage grass ditch. The bottom inspection well, and a mesh grille is set at the entrance of the downstream pipe; the rainwater on the soft garden ground is diverted on the spot and naturally enters the seepage grass ditch, the high-level seepage grass sea, the low-level seepage grass sea and the landscape seepage canal. The interior is in a shallow water state, the pollution of the initial rainwater is absorbed and filtered and then seeps into the water body, and the later rainwater overflows beyond the seepage capacity and flows into the water body for ET biochemistry;

B. Construction of ET biochemical system: ET biochemical system mainly includes ecological floating island, circulating water system and external circulation wetland treatment system, wherein the ecological floating island is arranged in the middle of the ET ecological pool in a ring shape, and the ring width of the ecological floating island is 1.2 m, along the bottom of the ring-shaped ecological floating island, the soft isolation wall that is set up to the bottom of the ecological pool is non-woven fabric. The enclosure area of the ecological floating island is 55% of that of the ET ecological pool. The pond is provided with an anti-seepage pad, and the sewage enters from the tangent direction in the middle of the pond; the slope of the ET ecological pool is sequentially provided with a shrub area, an emergent plant area, a secondary revetment, a floating plant area, and a submerged plant area from top to bottom. In the area and the ecological floating island area, the total planting density is controlled at 50% of the total area of the ET ecological pool, and the distance between the plants is 0.35m according to the variety of the plant. According to the needs of the landscape, plant varieties with different seasons and flowering periods can be selected; The circulation and running water system is to install and use a submersible circulation aerator under the ecological floating island to make the water flow oxygenate and aerate the water while the circulation is moving, and the oxygen-enriched water in the circulation movement is replenished to the heavily polluted dead zone of the water to realize replacement, Dilution and physicochemical and biochemical effects, the treated effluent enters the external circulation wetland system for deep purification; the external circulation wetland system, that is, the shallow water bay wetland filter belt, is set in the water flow direction of the ET ecological pool, consisting of a combination The ecological pool is composed of a circulation power of 3-10W per cubic meter of water; the combined ecological pool is sequentially composed of overflow dams, emergent plant areas, diversion ridges, submerged plant areas, diversion ridges, and floating leaf plants. The water bank of the combined ecological pool is sloped according to 8:1, so that emergent plants grow in the water area of 0.70m, and the shallow water bay wetland filter belt reduces the slope, so that the water body forms the shape of a shoal wetland. It is conducive to the growth of a large number of aquatic plants. The transition zone between the shoal and the deep water is grading according to 2:1, and the water depth is controlled at 1.4m. Submerged plants are planted, and floating plants are planted in the deep water area, and the amount is controlled at 1/3 of the water surface. One or less.

C. On the basis of the completion of the ET biochemical system, according to the relationship between grass-fish, algae-fish, grass algae-detritus-snail and detritus-microbe ecological chain, gradually build an ecological balance system of aquatic animal food chain, according to the ecological Different seasons and growth stages of the balance system, different feeding habits include herbivorous fish, carnivorous fish and filter-feeding fish, breeding includes snails, mussels and aquatic insect benthic organisms, breeding functional flora, Form a food chain or food web, and build an ecological sewage treatment and water restoration system.

Claims (7)

1. the construction process of ecological sewage treatment and water restoration system is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

A, the conflux structure of diafiltration water charging system of rainwater: the place on 5～10 meters on distance water water front is provided with the view infitration galleries, utilize the road absolute altitude on vertical, to build low-lying in conjunction with actual physical features situation in zone, the peripheral open lawn of view infitration galleries, high-order seepage flow grass sea is set respectively, seepage flow grass ditch, low level seepage flow grass sea and infiltration irrigation canals and ditches, in low level seepage flow grass sea, seepage flow grass ditch and high-order seepage flow grass Haiti face are put the slope, aspect is along the view infitration galleries of water bank, view infitration galleries face is respectively the gravel of 40～70mm thickness cobble and 30～40mm thickness from top to bottom, the gravel middle part is provided with rainwater collection tube-perforated pipe, and 45 degree respectively had the aperture that catchments that the aperture is 20mm about perforated pipe was downward;

B, ET biochemical system make up: the ET biochemical system mainly comprises ecological floating island, circulation running water system and outer circulation wet land treating system, wherein said ecological floating island is arranged in the middle of the ET ecological pool with annular, along the soft divider wall of annular ecological floating island below setting at the bottom of ecological pool, it is 40%～60% of ET ecological pool that ecological floating island encloses grade area, the pool, the bottom of a pan structure is adopted on corresponding annular chinampa down, the pool, the bottom of a pan is provided with anti-leakage pad as impervious barrier, and sewage is entered by tangential direction in the middle of the pool; Described circulation running water system be under ecological floating island, install and use diving circulation aerator make current in circulation movement in water oxygenic aeration, the heavy-oxygen-enriched water of circulation movement adds to water body weight and pollutes dead angle area, realize the materialization and the biochemical action of displacement, dilution, treated water outlet later enters outer circulation circulation wet land system and carries out deep purifying; Described outer circulation circulation wet land system is that Repulse Bay wetland transition band is arranged on the water (flow) direction of ET ecological pool, is made up of 1～10 combined ecological pond of not waiting, and to be every cubic metre of hydromining carry out plug-flow with the power of 3～10W to force of circulation;

C, make up on the basis finish at the ET biochemical system, relation according to grass-fish, algae-fish, careless algae-chip-spiral shell and chip-microbial ecological chain, progressively make up the ecological balanced system of hydrocoles food chain, press the Various Seasonal and the growth phase of ecological balanced system, various feeding fishes include phytophage fish, carnivorous fish and filter-feeding fish, draw to grow and include spiral shell, freshwater mussel and aquatic insect bottom-dwelling, draw and grow functional flora, form food chain or food web, be built into ecological sewage treatment and water restoration system.

2. the construction process of ecological sewage treatment according to claim 1 and water restoration system, the width that it is characterized in that described high-order seepage flow grass sea, the careless ditch of seepage flow, low level seepage flow grass sea and permeate irrigation canals and ditches is 0.2～0.4m, highly is 0.3～0.5m, wherein low level seepage flow grass sea is than the low 0.10～0.35m of peripheral path, and the gradient that low level seepage flow grass sea, the careless ditch of seepage flow and high-order seepage flow grass Haiti face are put the slope is 3: 1～10: 1.

3. the construction process of ecological sewage treatment according to claim 2 and water restoration system is characterized in that per 20～30m is provided with an end of a year or month inspection chamber in the described seepage flow grass ditch, and establishes a mesh grille in the downstream tube ingress.

4. the construction process of ecological sewage treatment according to claim 1 and water restoration system, when it is characterized in that making up rainwater and confluxing the diafiltration water charging system, after hard ground and segment path rainwater adopt traditional rainwater pipe well system to compile, be sent to seepage flow grass ditch, low level seepage flow grass sea and view infitration galleries, soft gardens ground rainwater is shunted nature on the spot and is entered seepage flow grass ditch, high-order seepage flow grass sea, low level seepage flow grass sea and view infitration galleries, be in the shallow water state in short period of time behind the heavy rain, seepage flow was gone into water body after the pollution of early-stage rainwater was absorbed and filters, and went into water body above the later stage stormwater overflow of percolation ability and carried out ET biochemistry.

5. the construction process of ecological sewage treatment according to claim 1 and water restoration system is characterized in that being arranged on that the annular width of ecological floating island is 0.7～1.8m in the middle of the ET ecological pool.

6. the construction process of ecological sewage treatment according to claim 1 and water restoration system, domatic thicket district, emergent district, secondary revetment, floating plant district, submerged plant district and the ecological floating island district of being provided with successively from top to bottom that it is characterized in that described ET ecological pool, the overall control of plant growing density is 35%～65% of the ET ecological pool total area, the plant spacing in the rows is pressed the kind of plant at 0.25～0.55m, according to the needs of view, match the kind of the plant at different florescences in season.

7. the construction process of ecological sewage treatment according to claim 1 and water restoration system, it is characterized in that described combined ecological pond is successively by the first cross flow dam, the emergent district, the first water conservancy diversion ridge, the submerged plant district, the second water conservancy diversion ridge, the floatingleaved plant district and the second cross flow dam are formed, the water bank in combined ecological pond, according to putting the slope in 5: 1～10: 1, emergent is grown in the waters of 0.40～0.90m, Repulse Bay wetland transition band reduces side slope, make water body form the shape of shoal wetland, the raised growth that helps waterplant, between shoal and deep water for zone of transition according to putting the slope in 5: 1～1: 1, the depth of water is controlled at 1.00～1.60m, plant planting submerged plant, ballow plantation floating plant, its amount is controlled at below 1/3rd of the water surface.

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