CN101526265B - 一种生物质燃料热风炉 - Google Patents
一种生物质燃料热风炉 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101526265B CN101526265B CN2008100297864A CN200810029786A CN101526265B CN 101526265 B CN101526265 B CN 101526265B CN 2008100297864 A CN2008100297864 A CN 2008100297864A CN 200810029786 A CN200810029786 A CN 200810029786A CN 101526265 B CN101526265 B CN 101526265B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- biomass fuel
- fire grate
- flue
- feeding
- hot air
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000446 fuels Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002485 combustion reactions Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reactions Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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Abstract
本发明公开了一种生物质燃料热风炉，旨在提供一种结构简单，成本低，便于维修，燃料燃烧充分，热转换效率高，占用空间体积小的生物质燃料热风炉。本发明包括炉体、供料系统、炉排(8)、烟道(9)、弧形反射拱(16)，所述供料系统和所述弧形反射拱(16)一起把所述炉体分隔成风室(5)、燃烧室(15)和热转换装置三部分。通过所述供料系统供给的生物质燃料在所述炉排(8)上燃烧后，生物质燃料中的挥发成分在所述燃烧室(15)的上空二次燃烧。产生的热量随着高温烟气一起进入所述热转换装置进行热能的转换后，冷的烟气从所述烟道(9)中被排出，得到的热气流就可用来供热。本发明可广泛应用于普通热风供热领域。
Description
一种生物质燃料热风炉
技术领域
[0001 ] 本发明涉及一种生物质燃料热风炉。 背景技术
[0002] 在工业生产中，不少工艺都是采用层燃式热风炉来供热。由于煤的热值高，挥发份少，煤炉结构相对简单，所以人们通常还是以煤作为主要能源燃料。随着煤炭资源的日益短缺，世界各国都在大力开展和创新生物质燃烧利用的技术，以解决今后能源危机所带来的各种问题。但是，由于生物质燃料中含有的水份多、挥发点低、挥发分多、能量密度低的原因，因此，采用现有的层燃式燃煤热风炉技术很难形成稳定的燃烧条件。目前，能实际应用的燃用生物质热风炉产品都是采用流化床燃烧技术或汽化后再配燃汽炉具燃烧。这两种方式，系统复杂，投资大，无法替代普遍使用的层燃式燃煤热风炉。所以，在广大的农林牧地区，大量的秸秆和枝桠材，都没有被有效的利用，还是要使用燃煤热风炉。
发明内容
[0003] 本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种结构简单，成本低， 便于维修，燃料燃烧充分，热转换效率高，占用空间体积小的生物质燃料热风炉。
[0004] 本发明所采用的技术方案是：本发明包括炉体、供料系统、鼓风机、炉排、烟道、炉拱，所述供料系统包括燃料斗、活动推料块、与水平面成一定角度的固定梯形炉排，所述活动推料块设置在所述固定梯形炉排与所述燃料斗的固定连接交口处，所述固定梯形炉排的正对面还设置固定有弧形反射拱，所述供料系统和所述弧形反射拱一起把所述炉体分隔成风室、燃烧室和热转换装置三部分，所述热转换装置包括冷风进口、风道、热风出口、烟道管束，所述烟道管束固定设置在所述风道的内部，所述烟道管束贯通着所述燃烧室和所述烟道，所述烟道固定设置在所述热转换装置的下端所述炉体的底座上，所述炉排固定安装在所述弧形反射拱和所述供料系统的固定壁之间，所述炉体上设置开有炉门和除灰门，所述炉门设置在接近所述炉排的上端，所述除灰门设置在所述炉排的下端，所述鼓风机固定设置在所述风室的旁边所述炉体的底座上。
[0005] 所述固定梯形炉排与水平面成40° -45°的夹角。
[0006] 所述热转换装置还包括固定所述烟道管束的耐热钢板，所述耐热钢板上开有供所述烟道管束穿过的筛孔。
[0007] 本发明的有益效果是：由于本发明在所述固定梯形炉排与所述燃料斗的连接交口处还设置了所述活动推料块，这样也就使所述供料系统能够更好更有效地送料。由于所述固定梯形炉排的正对面还设置有所述弧形反射拱，这样就可以使所述供料系统供进的燃料能及时受到所述弧形反射拱反射的热量，对生物质燃料加热并将生物质燃料点燃，加速生物质燃料的燃烧，使燃烧变得更充分。由于所述风室的设置，所以所述风室就可以对所述鼓风机鼓出的强大气流进行缓冲，稳定所述风室的风压，分散整体的风速，使空气能均勻地进入到燃烧室中，使燃料燃烧得更加均勻、更加充分，达到提高燃烧效率的目的。附图说明
[0008] 图1是本发明装配结构剖视示意图。 具体实施方式
[0009] 如图1所示，本发明包括炉体、供料系统、鼓风机4、炉排8、烟道9、炉拱13，所述供料系统包括燃料斗1、活动推料块2、与水平面成一定角度的固定梯形炉排3，所述活动推料块2设置在所述固定梯形炉排3与所述燃料斗1的固定连接交口处，所述固定梯形炉排3 的正对面还设置有呈弧形的弧形反射拱16，所述供料系统和所述弧形反射拱16 —起把所述炉体分隔成风室5、燃烧室15和热转换装置三部分，所述热转换装置包括冷风进口 10、风道11、热风出口 12、烟道管束17，所述烟道管束17固定设置在所述风道11的内部，所述烟道管束17贯通着所述燃烧室15和所述烟道9，所述烟道9固定设置在所述热转换装置的下端所述炉体的底座上，所述炉排8固定安装在所述弧形反射拱16和所述供料系统的固定壁之间，所述炉体上设置开有炉门6和除灰门7，所述炉门6设置在接近所述炉排8的上方，所述除灰门7设置在所述炉排8的下方，所述鼓风机4固定设置在所述风室5的旁边所述炉体的底座上。
[0010] 所述固定梯形炉排3与水平面成40° -45°的夹角。
[0011] 所述热转换装置还包括固定所述烟道管束17的四层耐热钢板18，所述耐热钢板 18上开有供所述烟道管束17穿过的筛孔。
[0012] 所述炉拱13与所述炉体的连接空隙中填充有耐高温保温材料14，所述弧形反射拱16与所述热转换装置的空隙处，也填充有所述耐高温保温材料14，所述热风出口 12至所述冷风出口 10处的所述风道11处也填充有所述耐高温保温材料14。
[0013] 工作原理：在所述燃料斗1中装入生物质燃料，再打开所述冷风进口处的鼓风机电源开关，冷风就从所述冷风进口 10处进入到所述热转换装置中，从所述热风出口 12处出来。打开所述炉门6，点燃引火用的生物质燃料，最后将点燃的生物质燃料通过所述炉门6 放到所述炉排8上。此时，通过所述弧形反射拱16的能量反射和聚集的作用，所述活动推料块2处的生物质燃料很快被点燃。当生物质燃料燃烧着火后，起动所述活动推料块2，将着火的生物质燃料随着所述固定梯形炉排3滑入到所述炉排8的上面继续燃烧。同理，随着所述炉排8中燃烧着的生物质燃料越来越多，所述燃烧室15中被所述弧形反射拱16所反射到所述活动推料块2和所述固定梯形炉排3上的热能也越来越多，这样就使所述供料系统中所述活动推料块2处的生物质燃料和被推到所述固定梯形炉排3上的生物质燃料也燃烧得越来越迅速，在所述固定梯形炉排3上，形成了一条火链。最后，在所述固定梯形炉排3上还没有完全燃烧完的所述生物质燃料，滑落到所述炉排8上继续燃烧，直到完全燃烧成为灰烬后，灰烬就落入到所述炉排8的下方存灰室19中。同时，所述燃烧室15中的温度也随之越来越高。
[0014] 当点燃的生物质燃料到达一定数目后，打开所述鼓风机4。所述鼓风机4鼓出的风先在所述风室5内经过缓冲后，较均勻地进入燃烧室15。此时，所述燃烧室15中得到空气中氧的供应后，所述燃烧室15中的生物质燃料挥发成分也就在高温下，在所述炉拱13的下方二次燃烧，产生的高温烟气气流通过所述热转换装置，从所述烟道9处排出。同时，所述冷风进口 10中鼓入的冷风在所述风道11中流动时也逐渐被加热成了热风，从所述热风出口 12处输送出去。
[0015] 当生物质燃料燃烧完后所剩下的灰烬，我们就可以通过所述存灰室19中的所述除灰门7，将其灰烬排除。
[0016] 本发明可广泛应用于普通生物质燃料锅炉供热领域。
Claims (3)
1. 一种生物质燃料热风炉，包括炉体、供料系统、鼓风机（4)、炉排（8)、烟道（9)、炉拱 (13)，其特征在于：所述供料系统包括燃料斗（1)、活动推料块（2)、与水平面成一定角度的固定梯形炉排（3)，所述活动推料块（2)设置在所述固定梯形炉排（3)与所述燃料斗（1)的固定连接交口处，所述固定梯形炉排（3)的正对面还设置固定有弧形反射拱（16)，所述供料系统和所述弧形反射拱（16) —起把所述炉体分隔成风室（5)、燃烧室（15)和热转换装置三部分，所述热转换装置包括冷风进口（10)、风道（11)、热风出口（12)、烟道管束（17)，所述烟道管束（17)固定设置在所述风道（11)的内部，所述烟道管束（17)贯通着所述燃烧室 (15)和所述烟道（9)，所述烟道（9)固定设置在所述热转换装置的下端所述炉体的底座上， 所述炉排（8)固定安装在所述弧形反射拱（16)和所述供料系统的固定壁之间，所述炉体上设置开有炉门（6)和除灰门（7)，所述炉门（6)设置在接近所述炉排（8)的上端，所述除灰门（7)设置在所述炉排（8)的下端，所述鼓风机（4)固定设置在所述风室（5)的旁边所述炉体的底座上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物质燃料热风炉，其特征在于：所述固定梯形炉排（3) 与水平面成40° -45°的夹角。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种生物质燃料热风炉，其特征在于：所述热转换装置还包括固定所述烟道管束（17)的耐热钢板（18)，所述耐热钢板（18)上开有供所述烟道管束(17)穿过的筛孔。
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| CN101963267A (zh) * | 2010-10-09 | 2011-02-02 | 上海海事大学 | 一种真空绝热板的隔气结构及其封装方法 |
| CN102269403A (zh) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-07 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | 一种秸秆燃料悬浮燃烧炉 |
| CN103851779B (zh) * | 2012-12-04 | 2016-12-28 | 能诚集团有限公司 | 一种供热系统 |
| CN103712337B (zh) * | 2014-01-26 | 2016-08-24 | 裴登明 | 一种生物质燃料热风炉 |
| CN105371487A (zh) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-02 | 青岛恒昌盛集团有限公司 | 秸秆颗粒燃烧炉 |
| CN104296151B (zh) * | 2014-10-27 | 2016-08-24 | 重庆大学 | 一种具有v型细缝的梯形炉排及自动加煤的热风炉 |
| CN104764039B (zh) * | 2015-04-27 | 2017-05-10 | 吉林大学 | 一种小型生物质锅炉炉拱 |
| CN106322370B (zh) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-10-16 | 河南科技大学 | 一种生物质燃烧装置 |
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