CN101526035A - Automobile pure oxygen combustion engine system - Google Patents
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统，包括内燃发动机及废气再循环系统，并且采用高压储氧罐或者膜分离制氧装置构成的纯氧供气系统提供纯氧，将车辆EGR系统的EGR废气与纯氧进行混合后作为发动机的进气，由此实现发动机富氧燃烧，在降低柴油机颗粒排放的同时，有效减低柴油机氮氧化物排放的目的，可达到严格排放标准，并且通过ECU进行闭环自动控制，可实现精确控制氧气含量，从而控制发动机燃烧过程，实现超低排放。
The invention relates to a pure oxygen combustion engine system for a vehicle, which includes an internal combustion engine and an exhaust gas recirculation system, and a pure oxygen gas supply system composed of a high-pressure oxygen storage tank or a membrane separation oxygen production device is used to provide pure oxygen, and the vehicle EGR system The EGR exhaust gas is mixed with pure oxygen and used as the intake air of the engine, thereby realizing the oxygen-enriched combustion of the engine. While reducing the emission of particulate matter from the diesel engine, it can also effectively reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides from the diesel engine, which can meet strict emission standards and is carried out by the ECU. Closed-loop automatic control can realize precise control of oxygen content, thereby controlling the combustion process of the engine and achieving ultra-low emissions.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于内燃机领域，特别是一种车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统。The invention belongs to the field of internal combustion engines, in particular to a vehicle pure oxygen combustion engine system.
背景技术 Background technique
目前，环境污染正成为一个众所关注的社会问题，各国制订的柴油机排放法规逐年趋于严格。柴油机有害排放物主要是NOX和微粒子(碳烟和可溶性有机物)，由于其净化方法相互抵触和矛盾。给全面满足排放法规带来了困难。发动机研究者采用各种不同的技术，如直喷化增压、中冷、高压喷射、废气再循环(EGR)、电子控制、低润滑油消耗等措施，对降低排放水平带来了一定的好处，但从根本上解决上述问题仍是一个技术难题。众所周知，EGR系统可降低氮氧化物排放，但是高EGR意味着进气稀释及O2浓度降低，会致使燃烧恶化，从而导致柴油机工作性能下降，碳烟水平上升。理论上，纯氧进气可使碳烟排放下降，但是单纯使用纯氧进气则会导致气缸内O2浓度增高，燃烧急剧而充分，会导致燃烧温度过高，NOX排放水平升高，对喷油嘴和燃烧室的烧蚀过大，压力升高率和燃烧噪声过高等方面的负面因素都无法保证发动机的工作平顺和可靠，所以纯氧进气一直无法在发动机上使用。为此，采用纯氧进气与EGR废气进行结合，并精确控制氧气浓度，是实现发动机富氧燃烧的所要完成的重要课题。At present, environmental pollution is becoming a social issue of public concern, and diesel engine emission regulations formulated by various countries are becoming stricter year by year. The harmful emissions of diesel engines are mainly NO X and particulates (soot and soluble organic matter), because their purification methods conflict and contradict each other. This makes it difficult to fully meet emissions regulations. Engine researchers have adopted various technologies, such as direct injection supercharging, intercooling, high-pressure injection, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), electronic control, low lubricating oil consumption, etc., which have brought certain benefits to reduce emission levels , but fundamentally solving the above problems is still a technical problem. It is well known that the EGR system can reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides, but high EGR means that the intake air is diluted and the concentration of O2 is reduced, which will lead to the deterioration of combustion, which will lead to the decrease of diesel engine performance and the increase of soot level. In theory, pure oxygen intake can reduce soot emissions, but pure oxygen intake will lead to an increase in the concentration of O2 in the cylinder, rapid and complete combustion, resulting in excessively high combustion temperature and increased NOx emission levels. Negative factors such as excessive ablation of the fuel injector and combustion chamber, high pressure rise rate and high combustion noise cannot guarantee the smooth and reliable operation of the engine, so pure oxygen intake has not been able to be used on the engine. Therefore, the combination of pure oxygen intake and EGR exhaust gas and precise control of oxygen concentration are important tasks to be completed in order to realize the engine's oxygen-enriched combustion.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统，其可实现EGR系统与纯氧的混合进气，并且通过电控单元使纯氧与EGR废气混合成最佳比例之后进入发动机内完成燃烧工作，从而实现节能减排、提高效率等目的。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pure oxygen combustion engine system for vehicles, which can realize the mixed intake of EGR system and pure oxygen, and the pure oxygen and EGR exhaust gas are mixed into the optimal ratio through the electronic control unit and then enter the engine to complete Combustion work, so as to achieve energy saving and emission reduction, improve efficiency and other purposes.
本发明解决上述技术问题是通过以下技术方案实现的：The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above and is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统，包括发动机及废气再循环系统，废气再循环系统主要由与发动机排气总管出口端相连的背压阀及EGR阀、与EGR阀出口相连接的EGR冷却器构成，EGR冷却器出口与发动机进气总管连接，其特征在于：发动机的进气总管还与一高压储氧罐的输出管路相连通，高压储氧罐的输出管路上依次安装有减压阀、节流阀，在进气总管上安装有氧浓度传感器，该氧浓度传感器的信号输出端与电控单元的一输入口相连接，所述减压阀、节流阀、背压阀、EGR阀的信号输入端分别与该电控单元的输出口一一对应连接。A pure oxygen combustion engine system for a vehicle, including an engine and an exhaust gas recirculation system, the exhaust gas recirculation system is mainly composed of a back pressure valve connected to the outlet of the engine exhaust manifold, an EGR valve, and an EGR cooler connected to the outlet of the EGR valve Composition, the outlet of the EGR cooler is connected to the engine intake manifold, which is characterized in that: the engine intake manifold is also connected to the output pipeline of a high-pressure oxygen storage tank, and the output pipeline of the high-pressure oxygen storage tank is sequentially installed with a pressure reducing valve , throttle valve, an oxygen concentration sensor is installed on the intake manifold, the signal output end of the oxygen concentration sensor is connected with an input port of the electronic control unit, the pressure reducing valve, throttle valve, back pressure valve, EGR The signal input ends of the valves are respectively connected to the output ports of the electronic control unit in one-to-one correspondence.
而且，所述的进气总管还与一大气进气管相连通，在该大气进气管上安装有应急进气阀，该应急进气阀的信号输入端与电控单元的一输出口相连接。Moreover, the air intake main pipe is also connected with an atmospheric air intake pipe, an emergency air intake valve is installed on the atmospheric air intake pipe, and a signal input end of the emergency air intake valve is connected with an output port of the electronic control unit.
而且，在进气总管上安装有二氧化碳浓度传感器，该二氧化碳浓度传感器的信号输出端与所述电控单元的一输入口相连接。Moreover, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor is installed on the intake manifold, and a signal output end of the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is connected with an input port of the electronic control unit.
而且，所述的高压储氧罐的输出管路上安装有供氧压力传感器，在进气总管上安装有进气压力传感器，在发动机排气总管上安装有排气压力传感器，该供氧压力传感器、进气压力传感器及排气压力传感器均与电控单元的输入口一一对应连接。Moreover, an oxygen supply pressure sensor is installed on the output pipeline of the high-pressure oxygen storage tank, an intake pressure sensor is installed on the intake manifold, an exhaust pressure sensor is installed on the engine exhaust manifold, and the oxygen supply pressure sensor , the intake pressure sensor and the exhaust pressure sensor are all connected to the input ports of the electronic control unit in one-to-one correspondence.
一种车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统，包括发动机及废气再循环系统，废气再循环系统主要由与发动机排气总管出口端相连的背压阀及EGR阀、与EGR阀出口相连接的EGR冷却器构成，EGR冷却器出口与发动机进气总管连接，其特征在于：发动机的进气总管还与一膜分离制氧装置的氧气输出管路相连通，该膜分离制氧装置由压力机、富氧渗透膜及冷却器依次连接安装而成，在进气总管上安装有氧浓度传感器，该氧浓度传感器的信号输出端与电控单元的一输入口相连接，所述背压阀、EGR阀及压力泵的信号输入端分别与该电控单元的输出口一一对应连接。A pure oxygen combustion engine system for a vehicle, including an engine and an exhaust gas recirculation system, the exhaust gas recirculation system is mainly composed of a back pressure valve connected to the outlet of the engine exhaust manifold, an EGR valve, and an EGR cooler connected to the outlet of the EGR valve Composition, the outlet of the EGR cooler is connected to the engine intake main pipe, and it is characterized in that: the air intake main pipe of the engine is also connected with the oxygen output pipeline of a membrane separation oxygen production device, and the membrane separation oxygen production device is composed of a press, an oxygen-enriched The permeable membrane and the cooler are connected and installed in sequence. An oxygen concentration sensor is installed on the intake manifold. The signal output end of the oxygen concentration sensor is connected to an input port of the electronic control unit. The back pressure valve, EGR valve and The signal input terminals of the pressure pump are respectively connected with the output ports of the electronic control unit in one-to-one correspondence.
而且，在进气总管上还安装有二氧化碳浓度传感器，该二氧化碳浓度传感器的信号输出端与电控单元的一输入口相连接。Moreover, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor is installed on the intake manifold, and the signal output end of the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is connected with an input port of the electronic control unit.
而且，在所述的进气总管上安装有进气压力传感器及进气流量传感器，在发动机排气总管上安装有排气压力传感器，该进气压力传感器、进气流量传感器及排气压力传感器与电控单元的输入口一一对应连接。Moreover, an intake pressure sensor and an intake flow sensor are installed on the intake manifold, and an exhaust pressure sensor is installed on the exhaust manifold of the engine. The intake pressure sensor, the intake flow sensor and the exhaust pressure sensor One-to-one corresponding connection with the input port of the electronic control unit.
本发明的优点和有益效果为：Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
本车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统将车辆EGR系统与纯氧供气系统进行结合，将EGR废气与纯氧混合后作为发动机的进气，由此实现发动机富氧燃烧，在降低柴油机颗粒排放的同时，有效减低柴油机氮氧化物排放的目的，可达到严格排放标准，并且通过ECU进行闭环自动控制，可实现精确控制氧气含量，从而控制发动机燃烧过程，实现超低排放。The vehicle's pure oxygen combustion engine system combines the vehicle's EGR system with the pure oxygen supply system, and mixes the EGR exhaust gas with pure oxygen as the intake air of the engine, thereby realizing the oxygen-enriched combustion of the engine and reducing the particle emissions of the diesel engine at the same time , The purpose of effectively reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides from diesel engines can meet strict emission standards, and the closed-loop automatic control through ECU can realize precise control of oxygen content, thereby controlling the combustion process of the engine and achieving ultra-low emissions.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统第一种实施例的原理方框图；Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram of the first embodiment of the vehicle pure oxygen combustion engine system of the present invention;
图2为本发明车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统第二种实施例的原理方框图。Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the second embodiment of the vehicle pure oxygen combustion engine system of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详述，以下实施例只是描述性的，不是限定性的，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described in detail below through the specific examples, the following examples are only descriptive, not restrictive, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention with this.
一种车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统，包括发动机及废气再循环系统，废气再循环系统主要由与内燃发动机排气总管出口端相连的背压阀及EGR阀、与EGR阀出口相连接的EGR冷却器构成，EGR冷却器出口与内燃发动机进气总管连接。本系统的创新之处在于：发动机的进气总管还与一高压储氧罐的输出管路相连通，高压储氧罐的出口端依次安装有减压阀、节流阀，在进气总管上安装有氧浓度传感器，该氧浓度传感器的信号输出端与电控单元(ECU)的一输入口相连接，所述减压阀、节流阀、背压阀、EGR阀的信号输入端分别与该电控单元的输出口一一对应连接。进气总管还与一大气进气管相连通，在该大气进气管上安装有应急进气阀，该应急进气阀的信号输入端与电控单元的一输出口相连接，以备高压储氧罐储氧量不足时应急使用。在进气总管上安装有二氧化碳浓度传感器，该二氧化碳浓度传感器的信号输出端与所述电控单元的一输入口相连接。高压储氧罐的输出管路上安装有供氧压力传感器，在进气总管上安装有进气压力传感器，在发动机排气总管上安装有排气压力传感器，该供氧压力传感器、进气压力传感器及排气压力传感器均与电控单元的输入口一一对应连接。A pure oxygen combustion engine system for a vehicle, including an engine and an exhaust gas recirculation system, the exhaust gas recirculation system is mainly composed of a back pressure valve connected to the outlet of the exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, an EGR valve, and an EGR cooling valve connected to the outlet of the EGR valve. The outlet of the EGR cooler is connected to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine. The innovation of this system is that the intake manifold of the engine is also connected with the output pipeline of a high-pressure oxygen storage tank. An oxygen concentration sensor is installed, and the signal output end of the oxygen concentration sensor is connected with an input port of the electronic control unit (ECU), and the signal input ends of the pressure reducing valve, the throttle valve, the back pressure valve and the EGR valve are respectively connected with the The output ports of the electric control unit are connected in one-to-one correspondence. The air intake main pipe is also connected with an atmospheric air intake pipe, and an emergency air intake valve is installed on the atmospheric air intake pipe, and the signal input end of the emergency air intake valve is connected with an output port of the electronic control unit for high-pressure oxygen storage Emergency use when the oxygen storage capacity of the tank is insufficient. A carbon dioxide concentration sensor is installed on the intake manifold, and the signal output end of the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is connected with an input port of the electronic control unit. An oxygen supply pressure sensor is installed on the output pipeline of the high-pressure oxygen storage tank, an intake pressure sensor is installed on the intake manifold, and an exhaust pressure sensor is installed on the exhaust manifold of the engine. The oxygen supply pressure sensor, the intake pressure sensor and the exhaust pressure sensor are connected to the input ports of the electronic control unit in one-to-one correspondence.
本车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统中，通过EGR阀、EGR冷却器、排气背压阀所组成的废气再循环系统，将燃料燃烧产生的废气与由高压储氧罐提供的纯氧进行充分混合，重新进入发动机参与燃烧。通过氧浓度传感器、二氧化碳浓度传感器的测量与电控单元(ECU)控制的EGR阀、背压阀、节流阀、减压阀等的调解，使进气氧浓度保持在20％～30％之间，并根据不同工况将其控制在最佳值处，从而实现无需空气参与的可控的富氧燃烧。富氧燃烧可以使燃料燃烧得更加充分，有效降低微粒、CO、HC等排放物。同时，由于废气成分中含有大量CO2和水蒸气，比热容较高，有利于吸收因富氧燃烧产生的高温，抑制氮氧化物的生成，保证排放水平能够达到相关国家标准。并且该系统可以通过电控单元(ECU)进行闭环自动控制，存储提前进行实验标定的最佳数值，可合理控制发动机燃烧过程，实现超低排放。In the pure oxygen combustion engine system for this vehicle, the exhaust gas generated by fuel combustion is fully mixed with the pure oxygen provided by the high-pressure oxygen storage tank through the exhaust gas recirculation system composed of EGR valve, EGR cooler and exhaust back pressure valve. , re-enters the engine to participate in combustion. Through the measurement of the oxygen concentration sensor and carbon dioxide concentration sensor and the mediation of the EGR valve, back pressure valve, throttle valve and pressure reducing valve controlled by the electronic control unit (ECU), the intake oxygen concentration is kept between 20% and 30%. and control it at the optimum value according to different working conditions, so as to realize the controllable oxygen-enriched combustion without the participation of air. Oxygen-enriched combustion can make the fuel burn more fully and effectively reduce emissions such as particulates, CO, and HC. At the same time, because the exhaust gas contains a large amount of CO2 and water vapor, the specific heat capacity is high, which is conducive to absorbing the high temperature generated by oxygen-enriched combustion, inhibiting the formation of nitrogen oxides, and ensuring that the emission level can meet the relevant national standards. Moreover, the system can perform closed-loop automatic control through the electronic control unit (ECU), store the best value calibrated in advance, and reasonably control the combustion process of the engine to achieve ultra-low emissions.
一种车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统，包括发动机及废气再循环系统，废气再循环系统主要由与内燃发动机排气总管出口端相连的背压阀及EGR阀、与EGR阀出口相连接的EGR冷却器构成，EGR冷却器出口与内燃发动机进气总管连接。本系统的创新之处在于：内燃发动机的进气总管还与一膜分离制氧装置的氧气输出管路相连通，该膜分离制氧装置由压力机、富氧渗透膜及冷却器依次连接安装而成，在进气总管上安装有氧浓度传感器，该氧浓度传感器的信号输出端与电控单元的一输入口相连接，所述背压阀、EGR阀及压力泵的信号输入端分别与该电控单元的输出口一一对应连接。在进气总管上安装有二氧化碳浓度传感器，该二氧化碳浓度传感器的信号输出端与所述电控单元的一输入口相连接。在进气总管上安装有进气压力传感器及进气流量传感器，在发动机排气总管上安装有排气压力传感器，该进气压力传感器、进气流量传感器及排气压力传感器与电控单元的输入口一一对应连接。A pure oxygen combustion engine system for a vehicle, including an engine and an exhaust gas recirculation system, the exhaust gas recirculation system is mainly composed of a back pressure valve connected to the outlet of the exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, an EGR valve, and an EGR cooling valve connected to the outlet of the EGR valve. The outlet of the EGR cooler is connected to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine. The innovation of this system is that the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine is also connected with the oxygen output pipeline of a membrane separation oxygen production device, which is connected and installed in sequence by a press, an oxygen-enriched permeable membrane and a cooler An oxygen concentration sensor is installed on the air intake main pipe, and the signal output end of the oxygen concentration sensor is connected with an input port of the electronic control unit, and the signal input ends of the back pressure valve, the EGR valve and the pressure pump are respectively connected with the The output ports of the electric control unit are connected in one-to-one correspondence. A carbon dioxide concentration sensor is installed on the intake manifold, and the signal output end of the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is connected with an input port of the electronic control unit. An intake pressure sensor and an intake flow sensor are installed on the intake manifold, and an exhaust pressure sensor is installed on the exhaust manifold of the engine. The intake pressure sensor, intake flow sensor and exhaust pressure sensor are connected with the electronic control unit The input ports are connected in one-to-one correspondence.
本实施例中采用膜分离制氧装置制造富氧空气，并与废气再循环系统相结合。膜分离制氧装置中的压气机维持富氧渗透膜两侧的压差，空气通过富氧渗透膜后形成氧浓度25％～35％的富氧空气。通过EGR阀、EGR冷却器、背压阀所组成的废气再循环系统，将燃料燃烧产生的废气与新鲜富氧空气再进行充分混合，重新进入发动机参与燃烧。通过氧浓度传感器与EGR阀、节流阀等组成的闭环控制系统，将进气氧浓度控制在最佳点处，实现进气中氧浓度的精确控制。In this embodiment, a membrane separation oxygen generator is used to produce oxygen-enriched air, which is combined with an exhaust gas recirculation system. The compressor in the membrane separation oxygen generator maintains the pressure difference on both sides of the oxygen-enriched permeable membrane, and the air passes through the oxygen-enriched permeable membrane to form oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen concentration of 25% to 35%. Through the exhaust gas recirculation system composed of EGR valve, EGR cooler and back pressure valve, the exhaust gas generated by fuel combustion is fully mixed with fresh oxygen-enriched air, and then re-enters the engine to participate in combustion. Through the closed-loop control system composed of the oxygen concentration sensor, EGR valve, throttle valve, etc., the intake oxygen concentration is controlled at the optimum point, and the precise control of the oxygen concentration in the intake air is realized.
本发明的车用纯氧燃烧发动机系统，采用高压储氧罐或膜分离制氧装置作为纯氧供气系统，实现将纯氧与EGR废气进行混和后作为发动机的助燃气体，并通过电控单元精确控制氧气浓度，以达到发动机内的富氧燃烧，从而有效减低柴油机氮氧化物排放，降低柴油机颗粒排放，达到严格排放标准。The vehicle pure oxygen combustion engine system of the present invention adopts a high-pressure oxygen storage tank or a membrane separation oxygen production device as a pure oxygen gas supply system, realizes mixing pure oxygen and EGR exhaust gas as the combustion-supporting gas of the engine, and passes the electric control unit Precisely control the oxygen concentration to achieve oxygen-enriched combustion in the engine, thereby effectively reducing the nitrogen oxide emission of the diesel engine, reducing the particle emission of the diesel engine, and meeting strict emission standards.
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