CN101520417B - Fluorimetric biochip - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluorimetric biochip which comprises a basal body. At least one layer of reflecting film which highly adsorbs pump light and highly reflects fluorescence is arranged on the basal body, and the upper surface of each reflecting film is provided with at least one hollow sample pipeline and at least one signal collection wave guide perpendicular to the hollow sample pipeline.The invention provides the fluorimetric biochip which has simple fabrication technology, can be produced on a large scale and repeatedly used, can simplify detection steps and monitor in real time an d can be convenient to carry.

Description

Fluorescent biochip

Technical field

The invention belongs to the biochemical technology field, relate to a kind of biochip that is used to detect, relate in particular to a kind of fluorescent biochip.

Background technology

Development along with life science and environmentology; Optical detector technology is because its high sensitivity; Characteristics such as detection in real time have been applied to biomedical detection instrument by increasing, new drug development, environmental monitoring instrument and much being used in the middle of the equipment of fundamental research.As everyone knows, most optical detection apparatus is high, bulky in particular for the general cost of biomedical aspect, and for example: optics single-molecule detection device, this has greatly limited the range of application and the place of these instruments.The unimolecule optical detector that can be used for biological detection has: laser scanning co-focusing microscope, atomic force microscope, NFM etc.; These devices also are bulky; Complex structure costs an arm and a leg, and can't under outdoor environment, use; Use step also comparatively loaded down with trivial details, sample is prepared also very complicated.

Comparatively advanced at present DNA inspection technology adopts biochip to check; Biochip mainly is to make up miniature biochemical analysis system through micro-processing technology and microelectric technique at the solid chip surface; Be fixed on a large amount of particular sequences and nucleic acid fragment or albumen on the carrier in an orderly manner; Nucleic acid to be checked or protein molecular react well with mark; Target molecule quantity through the power that detects fluorescence signal in the judgement sample, thus realize screening to accurate, the quick and large information capacity of compound, nucleic acid, protein, cell and other biological component.The prior biological chip all is with the detection thing usually, is incorporated on the chip like antibody, target dna fragment etc.; So exist manufacturing process complicated, can't produce in enormous quantities, and shortcoming such as recycling rate of waterused is lower.And the existing biochip of fluorescence that utilizes can only be controlled fluid, and can not in through biological specimen, fluorescence be detected, and all need the liquid flush away be observed under fluorescent microscope then when detecting at every turn.Therefore the main means that at present the especially viral germ of biological monitoring detected are to rely on biochemical reaction, but its shortcoming is consuming time and the detection complicated steps, and very high to the requirement of testing environment.

Summary of the invention

The technical matters that the present invention will solve is; In prior art; Biochip all is that the detection thing is incorporated on the chip usually, so exist manufacturing process complicated, can't produce in enormous quantities; And the defective that recycling rate of waterused is lower, provide a kind of manufacturing process simple, can be mass-produced, can reuse, can simplify the detection step, also can monitor in real time, portable fluorescent biochip.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of fluorescent biochip; Comprise matrix; On matrix, being provided with one deck at least absorbs and to the reflectance coating of the high reflection of fluorescence pump light is high; The upper surface of reflectance coating is provided with the sample pipe of at least one hollow, and at least one signal collection waveguide vertical with sample pipe; Said reflectance coating is made up of superimposed first coating and second coating up and down; Said first coating is preferably SiN coating, and second coating is preferably SiO ₂Coating, first coating and second coating are superimposed and form the reflectance coating of multilayer, and its superiors are SiN coating, and orlop is SiO ₂Coating.The thickness of said first coating, second coating satisfies formula:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{t}_k=\frac{t_c}{2}\\ t_i=\frac{{\mathrm{\λ}}_2}{4}(2N-1)\frac{1}{\sqrt{n_i^2-n_c^2}}\end{array}\right.---\left(I\right),$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{4\mathrm{\πt}}_i\sqrt{n_i^2-n_c^2}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_2}-\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_1})=\mathrm{k\π};k=\mathrm{odd}\\ k=\frac{\mathrm{\Δ\λ}}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_1}N,\mathrm{\Δ\λ}=|{\mathrm{\λ}}_2-{\mathrm{\λ}}_1|\end{array}\right.---\left(\mathrm{II}\right);$

Wherein, t _kBe the thickness of second coating, t _cBe the thickness of signal collection waveguide, t _iBe the thickness of first coating, λ ₁Be excitation wavelength, λ ₂Be fluorescent signals wavelengths, n _iBe the refractive index of first coating, n _cRefer to the refractive index of signal collection waveguide, k is an odd number, and N is an integer.

The upper surface of reflectance coating is provided with at least two hollow sample pipes that are parallel to each other at interval, also is provided with at least two at interval and is parallel to each other and the signal collection waveguide vertical with sample pipe.

The xsect of the outside surface of sample pipe and sample pipe inner chamber all is square, and the inner chamber bottom surface of sample pipe is a reflectance coating, and sample pipe inner chamber width is 10～100 μ m, highly is 5～10 μ m.

The import and export at said sample pipe two ends is provided with sample cell, the inner chamber UNICOM of said sample cell and sample pipe, the import and export of sample pipe and the sealing of the junction of sample cell.

Said signal collection waveguide is by SiO ₂The strip waveguide of processing, its xsect are square.

The width of signal collection waveguide is 10～20 μ m, highly is 3～5 μ m.

The inner chamber of said sample pipe is the perforation cavity from import to outlet, and the signal collection waveguide of infall and the tube wall of sample pipe are integrative-structures.

Optical technology and fluorescence reaction technology and flow cytometry technology that fluorescent biochip of the present invention is integrated realizes the multiple functions such as control, detection and signal reception to the test sample molecule on same chip.Fluorescent biochip of the present invention is to be employed in matrix to be provided with one deck at least and to absorb and to the reflectance coating of the high reflection of fluorescence pump light (pump light is the laser according to the selected specific wavelength of fluorophor characteristic) is high; The upper surface of reflectance coating is provided with the sample pipe of at least one hollow; And at least one signal collection waveguide vertical with sample pipe; The pump light vertical irradiation is at the infall of sample pipe and signal collection waveguide; When the infall of sample molecule to be checked through sample channel and signal collection waveguide, absorptive pumping light also produces the fluorescence signal of different wave length, and a part of fluorescence signal is coupled in the signal collection waveguide; Transfer to the signal analysis port therein and carry out check and analysis, accomplish whole detection task.Wherein, the control biological sample flows and realizes through make up bio-pump at the sample pipe two ends; And the signal collection waveguide can be transmitted with specific direction with inessential light filtration and with flashlight, has realized the non-overlapped transporting rail of pump light and flashlight; Be arranged on reflectance coating on the matrix and be and be used for the light-transfer characteristic of control chip, reflectance coating can filter specific light wavelength, and special groups fluorescence light path is transmitted control.The present invention integrated characteristic has been simplified and is detected step, and can reach the purpose of real-time monitoring; Simultaneously also guaranteed very high detection sensitivity, the present invention is simple in structure in addition, has simplified the manufacture process requirement of integrated chip greatly, can be made into integrated instrument, realizes the portability of fluorescent technique.

Reflectance coating of the present invention will satisfy at excitation wavelength λ simultaneously ₁High-absorbility, at fluorescent signals wavelengths λ ₂High reflectance, therefore first coating and second coating of forming reflectance coating will satisfy formula:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{t}_k=\frac{t_c}{2}\\ t_i=\frac{{\mathrm{\λ}}_2}{4}(2N-1)\frac{1}{\sqrt{n_i^2-n_c^2}}\end{array}\right.---\left(I\right),$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}4\mathrm{\π}{t}_i\sqrt{n_i^2-n_c^2}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_2}-\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_1})=\mathrm{k\π};k=\mathrm{odd}\\ k=\frac{\mathrm{\Δ\λ}}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_1}N(\mathrm{\Δ\λ}=|{\mathrm{\λ}}_2-{\mathrm{\λ}}_1\left|\right)\end{array}\right.---\left(\mathrm{II}\right);$

Requirement, wherein, formula (I) is the condition that satisfies the fluorescence signal high reflectance, formula (II) is the condition that satisfies the pump light high-absorbility, thereby by calculating the film thickness of confirming first coating and second coating in the formula.These two coating are the materials through two kinds of different refractivities--SiN and SiO ₂Make, wherein the luminance factor of SiN is higher, and SiO ₂Refractive index lower comparatively speaking, realize the height of a wavelength is absorbed through the thickness of regulating two kinds of coating, to the height reflection of another one wavelength.

The upper surface of reflectance coating is provided with at least two hollow sample pipes that are parallel to each other at interval; Also being provided with at least two at interval is parallel to each other and the signal collection waveguide vertical with sample pipe; When can realizing various article, such structure detects: during detection; In parallel a plurality of sample pipes, inject different samples, each sample pipe is selected corresponding not shared with other sample pipes signal collection waveguide, at infall vertical the squeeze into pump light of this sample pipe with the signal collection waveguide; Fluorescence signal is through this signal collection waveguide to signal analysis end; Detection between the sample is independent of each other, and has saved human and material resources, also accelerates the detection speed of various article simultaneously.

The signal collection waveguide is by SiO ₂The strip of processing; Because scattering, a part of pump light also can be coupled in the signal collection waveguide, but in transmission course, can be absorbed by the reflectance coating of signal collection guide floor; Thereby can entering signal analysis end; Fluorescence signal then between signal collection waveguide outside surface and air at the interface by total reflection, and reflectance coating has high reflectance to the specific fluorescent wavelength, thereby fluorescence signal is transferred to the signal analysis port of signal collection waveguide end.

The xsect of sample pipe, signal collection waveguide all is square, is for the ease of controlling its optical property, satisfying light path control requirement of the present invention.

The size of sample pipe inner chamber, signal collection waveguide has certain influence to testing result; The cross-sectional area of sample pipe inner chamber, signal collection waveguide is little; Its detection performance is just relatively good, but the too little prolongation of detection time and the instability of cavity body structure of also can causing, and manufacturing process also can be complicated more; Therefore the present invention is made as 10～100 μ m with sample pipe inner chamber width, highly is made as 5～10 μ m; The width of signal collection waveguide is made as 10～20 μ m, highly is made as 3～5 μ m.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional view of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the transverse sectional view of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is the sample pipe and the horizontal cut-open view of signal collection waveguide infall of the embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

Like Fig. 1,2, shown in 3, a kind of fluorescent biochip comprises matrix 1; On matrix 1, being provided with one deck at least absorbs and to the reflectance coating 2 of the high reflection of fluorescence, the number of plies of reflectance coating 2 is provided with according to actual needs, one to six layer of operated by rotary motion pump light is high; Present embodiment is three layers; The upper surface of reflectance coating 2 is provided with the sample pipe 3 of at least one hollow, and at least one signal collection waveguide 4 vertical with sample pipe 3, and the quantity that sample pipe 3, signal collection waveguide 4 are provided with is to be provided with according to actual needs; Three sample hose roads 3 are set present embodiment and three barss are collected waveguide 4; Between the sample pipe 3, spaced and parallel setting between the signal collection waveguide 4, sample pipe 3 is perpendicular to signal collection waveguide 4, said reflectance coating 2 is made up of the superimposed first coating 2a and the second coating 2b up and down; Wherein the first coating 2a is a SiN coating, and the second coating 2b is SiO ₂Coating, the reflectance coating 2 that present embodiment is three layers is by SiO ₂The formation that is superimposed of coating and SiN coating, its superiors are SiN coating, orlop is SiO ₂Coating.Sample pipe 3 xsects are inverted U-shaped, and the xsect of its outside surface and sample pipe inner chamber 3a all is square, and the inner chamber 3a bottom surface of sample pipe 3 is a reflectance coating 2, and sample pipe inner chamber 3a width is 10～100 μ m, highly are 5～10 μ m.The import and export at said sample pipe 3 two ends is provided with sample cell 5; The inner chamber 3a UNICOM of said sample cell 5 and sample pipe 3; The junction of the import and export of sample pipe 3 and sample cell 5 when using bio-pump, pumps into sample pipe 3 through sample cell with sample through the fluid sealant sealing smoothly; Flowing of control sample, said signal collection waveguide 4 is by SiO ₂The strip waveguide of processing, its xsect are square, and the width of signal collection waveguide 4 is 10～20 μ m, highly are 3～5 μ m.

As shown in Figure 4, the inner chamber 3a of said sample pipe 3 is the perforation cavity from import to outlet, and the signal collection waveguide 4 of infall is integrative-structures with the tube wall of sample pipe 3, and during manufacturing, but signal collection waveguide 4 and sample pipe 3 are processed in one-shot forming.

The thickness of the said first coating 2a, the second coating 2b satisfies formula:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{t}_k=\frac{t_c}{2}\\ t_i=\frac{{\mathrm{\λ}}_2}{4}(2N-1)\frac{1}{\sqrt{n_i^2-n_c^2}}\end{array}\right.---\left(I\right),$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}4\mathrm{\π}{t}_i\sqrt{n_i^2-n_c^2}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_2}-\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_1})=\mathrm{k\π};k=\mathrm{odd}\\ k=\frac{\mathrm{\Δ\λ}}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_1}N(\mathrm{\Δ\λ}=|{\mathrm{\λ}}_2-{\mathrm{\λ}}_1\left|\right)\end{array}\right.---\left(\mathrm{II}\right);$

Wherein, t _kBe the thickness of second coating, t _cBe the thickness of signal collection waveguide, t _iBe the thickness of first coating, λ ₁Be excitation wavelength, λ ₂Be fluorescent signals wavelengths, n _iBe the refractive index of first coating, n _cRefer to the refractive index of signal collection waveguide, k is an odd number, and N is an integer.

The concrete steps of utilizing fluorescent biochip to detect are following:

1. at first the biochemical samples of liquid state is injected hollow sample channel through sample cell, and flowing through bio-pump control sample;

2. pump light is externally vertically beaten the infall in hollow carrier passage and signal collection waveguide from top to bottom, and when sample to be checked passed through the infall of sample channel and signal collection waveguide, absorptive pumping light also produced the fluorescence signal of different wave length;

3. fluorescence signal is coupled in the signal collection waveguide, and reflection transfers to the signal analysis port and carries out analyzing and testing therein.

Claims (7)

1. fluorescent biochip; Comprise matrix, it is characterized in that, on matrix, be provided with one deck at least and absorb and to the reflectance coating of the high reflection of fluorescence pump light is high; The upper surface of reflectance coating is provided with the sample pipe of at least one hollow, and at least one signal collection waveguide vertical with sample pipe; Said reflectance coating is made up of superimposed first coating and second coating up and down; Said first coating is SiN coating, and second coating is SiO ₂Coating, first coating and second coating are superimposed and form the reflectance coating of multilayer, and its superiors are SiN coating, and orlop is SiO ₂Coating; The thickness of said first coating, second coating satisfies formula:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{t}_k=\frac{t_c}{2}\\ t_i=\frac{{\mathrm{\λ}}_2}{4}(2N-1)\frac{1}{\sqrt{n_i^2-n_c^2}}\end{array}\right.---\left(I\right),$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{4\mathrm{\πt}}_i\sqrt{n_i^2-n_c^2}(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_2}-\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_1})=\mathrm{k\π};k=\mathrm{odd}\\ k=\frac{\mathrm{\Δ\λ}}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_1}N,\mathrm{\Δ\λ}=|{\mathrm{\λ}}_2-{\mathrm{\λ}}_1|\end{array}\right.---\left(\mathrm{II}\right);$

Wherein, t _kBe the thickness of second coating, t _cBe the thickness of signal collection waveguide, t _iBe the thickness of first coating, λ ₁Be excitation wavelength, λ ₂Be fluorescent signals wavelengths, n _iBe the refractive index of first coating, n _cRefer to the refractive index of signal collection waveguide, k is an odd number, and N is an integer.

2. fluorescent biochip according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the upper surface of reflectance coating is provided with at least two hollow sample pipes that are parallel to each other at interval, also is provided with at least two at interval and is parallel to each other and the signal collection waveguide vertical with sample pipe.

3. fluorescent biochip according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the xsect of the outside surface of sample pipe and sample pipe inner chamber all is square, the inner chamber bottom surface of sample pipe is a reflectance coating; Sample pipe inner chamber width is 10～100 μ m, highly is 5～10 μ m.

4. fluorescent biochip according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the import and export at said sample pipe two ends is provided with sample cell, the inner chamber UNICOM of said sample cell and sample pipe, the import and export of sample pipe and the sealing of the junction of sample cell.

5. fluorescent biochip according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said signal collection waveguide is by SiO ₂The strip waveguide of processing, its xsect are square.

6. fluorescent biochip according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the width of signal collection waveguide is 10～20 μ m, highly is 3～5 μ m.

7. fluorescent biochip according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the inner chamber of said sample pipe is the perforation cavity from import to outlet, and the signal collection waveguide of infall and the tube wall of sample pipe are integrative-structures.

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