CN101509951A - Electrical power distribution network fault location method and apparatus - Google Patents
Electrical power distribution network fault location method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN101509951A CN101509951A CNA2009100807043A CN200910080704A CN101509951A CN 101509951 A CN101509951 A CN 101509951A CN A2009100807043 A CNA2009100807043 A CN A2009100807043A CN 200910080704 A CN200910080704 A CN 200910080704A CN 101509951 A CN101509951 A CN 101509951A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault location method of a distribution network and a device thereof, which adopt the following technical proposal: after power failure of a distribution line is generated by a single-phase earth fault, a low-frequency alternating-current signal is injected into fault phase; a point of the distribution line is selected as a detecting point, and a hand-held detector is used for detecting the low-frequency alternating-current signal; when the low-frequency alternating-current signal is higher than a first preset value, the fault is judged that the position thereof is located in the downstream of the detecting point that is far away from a substation on the distribution line; when the low-frequency alternating-current signal is lower than a second preset value, the fault is judged that the position thereof is located in the upstream of the detecting point that is closer to the substation on the distribution line; another point on a partial distribution line having faults is selected as a detecting point, and the detecting and judging processes are repeated until the fault position is determined. The technical proposal of the fault locating method of the electric distribution network and the device thereof not only can quickly detect the fault position on the distribution line, but also leads to ultra-convenient use of detecting devices.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the power technology field, relate in particular to a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method and device.
Background technology
The power distribution network complex circuit, branch is various, and the shortest circuit has only several kilometers, and this is generally in the city.The longest circuit can reach 100 kilometers, such as in vast suburb and rural area, especially in the Inner Mongol, so be difficult to the problem that a kind of positioning means can solve all regions, needs a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method and device with realistic scale at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method and device, can fast and effeciently detect location of fault in the distribution line.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method may further comprise the steps:
After A, distribution line generation singlephase earth fault have a power failure, inject low-frequency ac signal mutually to fault;
Any of B, the described distribution line of selection uses hand-held detector to detect described low-frequency ac signal as check point;
C, when described low-frequency ac signal is higher than first default value, then failure judgement is positioned on the described distribution line downstream away from the described check point of transformer station, when described low-frequency ac signal was lower than second default value, then failure judgement was positioned at the upstream of described check point nearer apart from described transformer station on the described distribution line;
On D, the part wiring circuit selecting to break down again a bit as check point, the detection deterministic process of repeating step B and step C is up to definite location of fault.
Further comprising the steps of:
When two branched lines appear being no less than in described wiring circuit, on each bar branched line,, use hand-held detector to detect described low-frequency ac signal apart from 5 meters of take-off point;
When described low-frequency ac signal was higher than first default value, then failure judgement was positioned on this branched line, and when described low-frequency ac signal was lower than second default value, then failure judgement was not positioned on this branched line;
Branched line to guilty culprit detects judgement.
Described check point is the mid point of the distribution line that breaks down.
Described low-frequency ac signal is that frequency is 60 hertz, and voltage is 0 to 5000 volt, and strength of current is 150 milliamperes current stabilization AC signal.
Low-frequency ac signal size in the indication numerical value of described hand-held detector and the described distribution line is directly proportional.
The indication numerical value of the described hand-held detector of the described first default value correspondence is 80, corresponding described low-frequency ac signal intensity is 150 milliamperes, the indication numerical value of the described hand-held detector of the described first default value correspondence is 60, and corresponding described low-frequency ac signal intensity is 0 milliampere.
A kind of distribution network failure locating device comprises signal source and hand-held detector, and described signal source is used to produce low-frequency ac signal, and described hand-held detector is used to detect the intensity of the low-frequency ac signal that injects the fault phase.
Described signal source comprises that further control single chip computer, VMOS manage full-bridge circuit, pwm unit and liquid crystal display, described control single chip computer is used for triggering control, shows control, constant current control and signals collecting, described VMOS pipe full-bridge circuit is made up of 4 VMOS pipes, be used to produce 60 hertz of low frequency signals, described pwm unit is used for regulation voltage to guarantee constant current output, and described liquid crystal display is used for display operation.
Described control single chip computer model is C8051F310, and the liquid crystal display model is LCM064, and described signal source output voltage is 0 to 5000 volt, and output current intensity is 150 milliamperes, and output frequency is 60 hertz.
Described hand-held detector further comprises single supply, control single chip computer, liquid crystal display, amplifier and two active filters, and described single supply is the 9V single supply, is used to produce positive 5V and negative 4.5V power supply; Described control single chip computer model is C8051F310, is used for amplifying control, demonstration control, power supply control and signal Processing; Described liquid crystal display model is LCM046, and described amplifier is a button class control amplifier, and described active filter adopts the URF42 chip.
Adopted technical scheme of the present invention, not only can detect the position that fault takes place on the distribution line apace, and pick-up unit uses also very convenient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that distribution line failure detects in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit diagram of fault resstance and distributed capacitance in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the current relationship synoptic diagram of fault resstance and distributed capacitance in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a signal source electrical schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is an internal resistance explanation synoptic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a detector electrical schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment.
The main thought of technical solution of the present invention is to adopt low-frequency ac localization of fault method, inject low-frequency ac signal mutually to fault, carry out ground with hand-held detector along faulty line then and patrol survey, when recording distribution line electric current arranged, the downstream of trouble spot at measurement point is described, if no current illustrates the upstream of trouble spot at measurement point.The indication of hand-held detector has significantly variation significantly before and after the trouble spot, according to the significant change failure judgement point place of hand-held detector.
Following mask body is introduced the process that distribution line failure detects.
After distribution line generation singlephase earth fault has a power failure, inject low-frequency ac signal mutually to fault, this low-frequency ac signal is that frequency is 60 hertz, and voltage is 0 to 5000 volt, and strength of current is 150 milliamperes current stabilization AC signal.
Any of employing dichotomy selection distribution line promptly selected the mid point of distribution line earlier as check point, use hand-held detector detection low-frequency ac signal.
Because the interior low-frequency ac signal size of the indication numerical value of hand-held detector and distribution line is directly proportional, when low-frequency ac signal is higher than first default value, it is 80 o'clock promptly to indication numerical value that should hand-held detector, then can failure judgement be positioned on the distribution line downstream, just the second half section distribution line of transformer station relatively away from the check point of transformer station; When low-frequency ac signal is lower than second default value, be 60 o'clock promptly to indication numerical value that should hand-held detector, then failure judgement is positioned at the upstream of check point nearer apart from transformer station on the distribution line, just preceding half section wiring circuit of transformer station relatively.
Here 80 corresponding low-frequency ac signal intensity are 150 milliamperes, 0 milliampere of 60 corresponding low-frequency ac signal intensity, the direct proportion coefficient of detector data presented and low-frequency ac signal intensity is unfixing, it and people's height, the hand-held detector height, the shaft tower height is relevant, here only need know having or not of low-frequency ac signal, explanation has signal more than 80, the no signal of explanation below 60,60 to 80 can not judge low-frequency ac signal intensity, therefore can not the failure judgement direction, and the experience that needs this moment to detect the people is judged.
After having determined half section of distribution line that fault is positioned at, on the part wiring circuit of selecting again to break down a bit as check point, preferably emphasis repeats above-mentioned detection deterministic process, up to definite location of fault.
When if branched line appears in wiring circuit, can use hand-held detector to detect distribution line medium and low frequency AC signal apart from 5 meters of take-off point on each bar branched line.
When low-frequency ac signal is higher than first default value, it is 80 o'clock promptly to indication numerical value that should hand-held detector, then failure judgement is positioned on this branched line, when low-frequency ac signal is lower than second default value, be 60 o'clock to indication numerical value that should hand-held detector promptly, then failure judgement is not positioned on this branched line.
With dichotomy the branched line of guilty culprit is being detected judgement then.
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that distribution line failure detects in the specific embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 1, inject the low-frequency ac signal electric current and flow into the earth, and return power supply point by the earth by path node 0-node 1-node 2-node 3-node f.
Electric current injects from node 0, at node 1 place, respectively node 1 is carried out current measurement to node 5 branch roads and node 1 to node 2 branch roads, the result is a node 1 to the electric current of node 5 branch roads is less, it is capacitance current, the electric current of node 1 node 2 branch roads is bigger, it is the fault electric current, can decision node 1 node 2 branch roads be a member in fault loop thus, continue to patrol survey forward, node 2 also is a member in fault loop to node 3 branch roads, detects to node 3, node 3 is bigger to node 4 branch currents, node 3 is less to node 7 branch currents, illustrate that the trouble spot arrives node 4 branch roads or in the downstream, detect node 4 at node 3, node 3 is less to the electric current of node 4 branch roads, illustrate that node 3 is a fault branch to node 4 branch roads, arrive this, node 0-node 1-node 2-node 3 is a failure path, the trouble spot must node 3 to node 4 branch roads certain a bit on, finished the detection task of failure path and fault branch through above several steps.
Determine after the fault branch, continue the trouble-shooting point with dichotomy.At some measurement points,, can find the trouble spot so soon if the bigger explanation of electric current trouble spot if electric current is less, illustrates the trouble spot in the upstream in the downstream.The hunting speed of this dichotomy is surprising, such as putting one piece of coin on Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, just can find for 20 times as long as look for dichotomy, just therefore generally for tens kilometers circuit only need to measure can find the trouble spot 4 times.
When selecting low-frequency ac signal to inject energy, need know Route Length and fault ground resistance, and these two critical quantity are uncertain.The electric current that flows into the trouble spot should be able to be greater than the capacitance current that flows through lead, the equivalent electrical circuit of fault resstance and distributed capacitance as shown in Figure 2, the current relationship of fault resstance and distributed capacitance is as shown in Figure 3.
Obviously,
In order effectively to locate, hand-held detector must can be distinguished capacitance current and fault current, how to distinguish, as long as allow capacitance current be equal to or less than fault current.Because the total capacitance electric current equates with fault current, is Ir at node f electric current promptly, Ir=Ic, so be at the electric current at node 0 place:
All the other each point electric currents are all less than this numerical value.In any one bifurcation, all be that the electric current in fault path is big, this is because whole capacitance currents just equates with fault current, so the electric current of other branch road on take-off point is affirmed the electric current less than failure path.
Localization of fault wants practicability, must effectively locate the fault of stake resistance 20k Ω, and be 20k Ω so might as well just establish stake resistance, if can locate, can locate certainly less than the earth fault of 20k Ω so the earth fault of 20k Ω.
Determined the definite more later on signal voltage that injects of stake resistance, obtained the electric current of 100mA if wish fault resstance, then injecting signal voltage is U:
U＝0.1×20×10
3＝2000V
When fault current during more than or equal to capacitance current, AC method can effectively be located.If capacitance current at this moment also is 100mA, then detection failure will be than being easier to, and injection current is:
In order to prolong the effective position length that exchanges localization method, it is the easiest that what expect is exactly the electric current that increase to inject signal, such as fault current is increased to 200mA, but improve the injection signal energy and can not prolong effective position length, this reason is very simple, suitable increase injection current can improve the accuracy of location really, that is because the AC signal detector needs certain energy, reached when the injection signal after the energy of detector needs, increasing the injection energy has not more just acted on, this moment, current in the fault point increased, capacitance current is also increasing, and it is impossible improving the effective length that exchanges the location with the way that strengthens injecting voltage increase injection current.
Some fault 2000V might be not breakdown, at this moment device can improve voltage automatically, after pending fault is breakdown, device can be adjusted voltage automatically and make about electric current stuck-at-50mA, this moment, breakdown fault resstance value will diminish, and the injection signal voltage of 2000V-5000V is enough to guarantee that injection current remains on 150mA.
Fig. 4 is a signal source electrical schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 4, signal source comprises that control single chip computer, VMOS manage full-bridge circuit (being the full-bridge major loop), pwm unit and liquid crystal display (being LCD), control single chip computer machine model is C8051F310, be used for triggering control, show control, constant current control and signals collecting, VMOS pipe full-bridge circuit is made up of 4 VMOS pipes, be used to produce 60 hertz of low frequency signals, pwm unit is used for regulation voltage to guarantee constant current output, the liquid crystal display model is LCM064, is used for display operation.The signal source output voltage is 0 to 5000 volt, and output current intensity is 150 milliamperes, and output frequency is 60 hertz.
Wherein output voltage is measured on the limit, source of transformer and is measured relatively difficulty, and Fig. 5 is an internal resistance explanation synoptic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.The full-bridge loop is a full-bridge circuit, and needing to measure the voltage that shows is U0, and width modulation and transformer frequency response have internal resistance Rn, and RL is a stake resistance, measures on the limit, source, and Rn also changes when electric current changes, and therefore measures very difficulty.
If: limit, source measuring voltage is U1, and output current is I, and pulse width is P_Width, all is known, and then internal resistance Rn is relevant with I/P_Width:
Fig. 6 is a detector electrical schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 6, hand-held detector comprises single supply, control single chip computer, liquid crystal display (being LCD), amplifier and two active filters, and single supply is the 9V single supply, is used to produce positive 5V and negative 4.5V power supply; The control single chip computer model is C8051F310, is used for amplifying control, demonstration control, power supply control and signal Processing; The liquid crystal display model is LCM046, and amplifier is a button class control amplifier, and active filter adopts the URF42 chip.Gordian technique is that amplifier electron is adjustable, adopts multi-way switch control.The work of 9V single supply is very crucial, because all chips all are the negative and positive dual power power supplies.The two-stage active power filtering is necessary, because when signal was strong, amplifier output can be called square wave, can be called sine wave after the filtering second time.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
After A, distribution line generation singlephase earth fault have a power failure, inject low-frequency ac signal mutually to fault;
Any of B, the described distribution line of selection uses hand-held detector to detect described low-frequency ac signal as check point;
C, when described low-frequency ac signal is higher than first default value, then failure judgement is positioned on the described distribution line downstream away from the described check point of transformer station, when described low-frequency ac signal was lower than second default value, then failure judgement was positioned at the upstream of described check point nearer apart from described transformer station on the described distribution line;
On D, the part wiring circuit selecting to break down again a bit as check point, the detection deterministic process of repeating step B and step C is up to definite location of fault.
2, a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, and is further comprising the steps of:
When two branched lines appear being no less than in described wiring circuit, on each bar branched line,, use hand-held detector to detect described low-frequency ac signal apart from 5 meters of take-off point;
When described low-frequency ac signal was higher than first default value, then failure judgement was positioned on this branched line, and when described low-frequency ac signal was lower than second default value, then failure judgement was not positioned on this branched line;
Branched line to guilty culprit detects judgement.
According to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location methods, it is characterized in that 3, described check point is the mid point of the distribution line that breaks down.
According to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location methods, it is characterized in that 4, described low-frequency ac signal is that frequency is 60 hertz, voltage is 0 to 5000 volt, and strength of current is 150 milliamperes current stabilization AC signal.
5, a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the low-frequency ac signal size in the indication numerical value of described hand-held detector and the described distribution line is directly proportional.
6, a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the indication numerical value of the described hand-held detector of the described first default value correspondence is 80, corresponding described low-frequency ac signal intensity is 150 milliamperes, the indication numerical value of the described hand-held detector of the described first default value correspondence is 60, and corresponding described low-frequency ac signal intensity is 0 milliampere.
7, a kind of distribution network failure locating device is characterized in that, comprises signal source and hand-held detector, and described signal source is used to produce low-frequency ac signal, and described hand-held detector is used to detect the intensity of the low-frequency ac signal that injects the fault phase.
8, a kind of distribution network failure locating device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described signal source comprises that further control single chip computer, VMOS manage full-bridge circuit, pwm unit and liquid crystal display, described control single chip computer is used for triggering control, shows control, constant current control and signals collecting, described VMOS pipe full-bridge circuit is made up of 4 VMOS pipes, be used to produce 60 hertz of low frequency signals, described pwm unit is used for regulation voltage to guarantee constant current output, and described liquid crystal display is used for display operation.
9, a kind of distribution network failure locating device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described control single chip computer model is C8051F310, the liquid crystal display model is LCM064, described signal source output voltage is 0 to 5000 volt, output current intensity is 150 milliamperes, and output frequency is 60 hertz.
10, a kind of distribution network failure locating device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described hand-held detector further comprises single supply, control single chip computer, liquid crystal display, amplifier and two active filters, described single supply is the 9V single supply, is used to produce positive 5V and negative 4.5V power supply; Described control single chip computer model is C8051F310, is used for amplifying control, demonstration control, power supply control and signal Processing; Described liquid crystal display model is LCM046, and described amplifier is a button class control amplifier, and described active filter adopts the URF42 chip.
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| CN101957421A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-01-26 | 李富良 | Method for detecting and monitoring high-resistance ground fault by online zero setting and test device thereof |
| CN102540009A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-07-04 | 上海蓝瑞电气有限公司 | Fault locating system of power distribution network |
| CN102798803A (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2012-11-28 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Method for detecting line fault of power distribution network |
| CN102818970A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2012-12-12 | 辽宁省电力有限公司锦州供电公司 | Method and device for detecting distributing line faults |
| CN103163416A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-19 | 瑞安电力有限责任公司 | Method and device for detecting branch circuit single phase earth faults |
| CN103760467A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-04-30 | 西安兴汇电力科技有限公司 | Method for inspecting single-phase earth fault point of power distribution network |
| CN105403809A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-16 | 国网河南汝阳县供电公司 | S signal injection positioning and patrolling system with three-phase short circuit injection mode |
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| CN106556774A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-04-05 | 浙江科畅电子有限公司 | Overhead transmission line grounding fault searching instrument |
| CN107085169A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-22 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of Fault Locating Method of flexible direct current distribution line |
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| CN101957421A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-01-26 | 李富良 | Method for detecting and monitoring high-resistance ground fault by online zero setting and test device thereof |
| CN102540009A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-07-04 | 上海蓝瑞电气有限公司 | Fault locating system of power distribution network |
| CN102818970A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2012-12-12 | 辽宁省电力有限公司锦州供电公司 | Method and device for detecting distributing line faults |
| CN102798803A (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2012-11-28 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Method for detecting line fault of power distribution network |
| CN102798803B (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2015-06-24 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Method for detecting line fault of power distribution network |
| CN103163416A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-19 | 瑞安电力有限责任公司 | Method and device for detecting branch circuit single phase earth faults |
| CN103163416B (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2015-04-01 | 国家电网公司 | Method and device for detecting branch circuit single phase earth faults |
| CN103760467A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-04-30 | 西安兴汇电力科技有限公司 | Method for inspecting single-phase earth fault point of power distribution network |
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| CN106556774A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-04-05 | 浙江科畅电子有限公司 | Overhead transmission line grounding fault searching instrument |
| CN105403809A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-16 | 国网河南汝阳县供电公司 | S signal injection positioning and patrolling system with three-phase short circuit injection mode |
| CN105467274A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-04-06 | 国网浙江武义县供电公司 | Device for fault detection and positioning of single-phase grounding of power distribution network |
| CN105467274B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2019-02-26 | 国网浙江武义县供电公司 | A kind of detection of one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network and positioning device |
| CN105938167A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-09-14 | 贵阳英纳瑞电气有限公司 | DC system AC fleeing fault point positioning search apparatus and method |
| CN105938167B (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2019-04-02 | 贵阳英纳瑞电气有限公司 | Direct current system exchange scurries into localization of fault and searches device and method |
| CN107085169A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-22 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of Fault Locating Method of flexible direct current distribution line |
| CN107290629A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-10-24 | 国网青海省电力公司海南供电公司 | A kind of 10KV low-voltage networks Earth design method |
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| CN110703039A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-17 | 国网浙江宁波市奉化区供电有限公司 | Rapid positioning method for distribution network line fault |
| CN113484691A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-08 | 国网信息通信产业集团有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for positioning voltage sag source and storage medium |
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