CN101508490B - Sea water resistant ecological floating bed - Google Patents
Sea water resistant ecological floating bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN101508490B CN101508490B CN2009101114117A CN200910111411A CN101508490B CN 101508490 B CN101508490 B CN 101508490B CN 2009101114117 A CN2009101114117 A CN 2009101114117A CN 200910111411 A CN200910111411 A CN 200910111411A CN 101508490 B CN101508490 B CN 101508490B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seawater endurable ecological floating floor, and relates to a plant growth carrier. The invention provides a seawater endurable ecological floating floor which is used for the plant restoration in an eutrophicated seawater environment, a floating floor fixing device and a plant restoration method in the eutrophicated seawater environment. The floating floor is provided with a floor body and cultured plants; the floor body is provided with two layers of plastic films; a foam bar is arranged between the two layers of plastic films; the foam bar is provided with culture holes; and fixing rings are arranged on the circumference of the two layers of plastic films. The fixing device is provided with fixing piles and fixing ropes; the fixing piles are fixed under water; and the fixing ropes are connected with the fixing piles. The restoration method comprises the following steps: preparing the floor body of the floating floor; driving the fixing piles under water and fixing one end of each fixing rope onto the fixing piles along the water flow direction; planting the salt endurable restoration plants into the culture holes through cuttage and transporting the plants to a restoration area; connecting the fixing rings and the fixing ropes, and adjusting the tightness of the fixing ropes so as to make the fixing ropes float up and down with the flux and reflux of the tide; and adjusting the salt endurable restoration plants according to the growth status and restoration effects of the salt endurable restoration plants.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a plant growth carrier, especially relate to a kind of seawater endurable ecological floating floor that can be applied to the phytoremediation of contained in eutrophic seawater environment.
Background technology
The strand wetland is being regulated the climate, pollutant purification, is being prevented and reduced natural disasters, protects species diversity, breeds Living marine resources, provides aspects such as tourist resources and reserve land resources to play a significant role.But these zones are positioned at interactive important area, extra large land, are one of ecosystems of most fragile on the earth, in case suffer damage, are difficult to self-recovery.Be accompanied by The development in society and economy, the blowdown of every profession and trade is inclined to giving up and is also increased sharply, cause eutrophication, Organic pollutants, pesticidal contamination and the heavy metal contamination of strand shallow water wetland to be serious ascendant trend, the environmental ecology problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, many inner bays, lagoon, sabkha and river mouth have become typical high pollution briny environment, need human actively intervention, carry out environment and restoration of the ecosystem work.
For many years, in strand shallow water wetland environmental ecology is repaired, the research of phytoremediation technology and application have been subjected to widely to be paid attention to, and the development and utilization of kelp, mangrove plant and other salt-tolerant plant has all obtained certain effect at beach and shallow sea respectively.But, also run into some inevitable problem, as the problem of exotic speciess such as rice grass invasions (the analogy dragon, Longjiang is flat, Li JianJun, etc. bioremediation technology progress and the application in the wetland of strand. ocean science progress, 2002.20 (4): 99-108).
In recent years, terrestrial plant is applied to the get dirty development and utilization of the floating bed type phytoremediation technology (also claiming biological floating bed or chinampa technology) that water environment repairs causes concern.This technology not only can be repaired water surrounding, and can reduce the risk that exotic species is invaded preferably, become one of the bright spot of the eutrophication water body biological recovery technique such as lake, rivers and canals of fresh-water system, obtain certain application at home and abroad, obtain effect (Miyazaki A preferably, Takeuchi T, Nakamura H, Yamamoto Y, Kubota F, 2004. Characteristics of nutrient absorption and water purification in some plant speciesgrown by float
Facts have proved that floating bed type phytoremediation technology is the new technology of a water surrounding biological restoration that cost is low, effective, application is wide, biological safety is high.The central principle of this technology is that terrestrial plant is planted on the floating bed that floats on the water surface, utilization is stretched into root system of plant in the water and is absorbed nutritive salt, mineral substance and other pollutents in the water, reduce pollution load in the water, improve water quality, and by the harvesting plant the most at last these materials from water surrounding, remove.In addition, the root system of plant in the water can also adsorb suspended particulate, make water become clear (Chen Guizhu, Ma Manjie. the purifying ecological systematic investigation and study of the cattail plant purification pool. ecological magazine, 1999,9 (4): 11-15); The rhizospheric microorganism system of plant can the efficient degradation organic matter, alleviate organic contamination (Sang Weilian, Kong Fanxiang. the phytoremediation progress. environmental science progress, 1999,7 (3): 40-44); Some plants can also secrete has the algal control material of strongly inhibited effect (or to claim to red tide plankton, the gram biomass) (Tang Ping, Wu Guorong, Lu Changmei, Deng. the Herba Eichhorniae root exudates is to grid algal structure and metabolic influence. ACTA Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2005,20 (3): 355-359), reduce red tide odds (Yang Xiaoru, Su Jianqiang, Zheng Tianling. meaning and the prospect of allelopathy in the red tide regulation and control. ACTA Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2008,28 (2): 219-226).And, utilize this technology can also make up water surface ecoscape, beautify the environment, therefore, good application prospects is arranged.
Although floating bed type phytoremediation technology is well used on fresh water environments such as city river, lake and reservoir are administered and promotes.But because the saline and alkaline problem of seawater, general terrestrial plant can't grow; and the corrodibility of seawater is strong, and the environment that borders on the sea is subject to the stormy waves influence, and is very high to the requirement of plant growing carrier (referring to floating bed); so this technology does not obtain development and application as yet on briny environment is administered.Therefore, break through above technical bottleneck and become key of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of seawater endurable ecological floating floor that can be applied to the phytoremediation of contained in eutrophic seawater environment.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of seawater endurable ecological floating floor stationary installation that is used for.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of plant restoration method of contained in eutrophic seawater environment.
Seawater endurable ecological floating floor of the present invention is provided with a body and cultivated plant, the bed body is provided with double-layer plastic film, is provided with foam strip between double-layer plastic film, is provided with the culture hole that is used for cultivated plant on foam strip, be provided with set collar at the double-layer plastic film periphery, cultivated plant is located in the culture hole.
Double-layer plastic film preferably adopts double-deck transparent polychloroethylene film, and double-layer plastic film is preferably rectangular.
Foam strip is preferably ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) bar, and the interval of adjacent foam strip is preferably (8～15) cm.
Set collar preferably is located at 4 angles and two middle side parts of double-layer plastic film, is used for fixing floating bed.
The aperture standard of set culture hole (or field planting hole) is the main reference index with the stem thickness of plant on the foam strip.Pitch-row is a standard with the optimum density of plantation plant.
The fixing of seawater endurable ecological floating floor of the present invention can adopt simple and practical pile-driving method, is about to stake and beats under water, is connected on the set collar of seawater endurable ecological floating floor by static line again, and floating bed is fixed.
The stationary installation that is used for seawater endurable ecological floating floor of the present invention is provided with spud pile and static line, and spud pile is fixed under water, and static line links to each other with spud pile, regulates the elasticity of static line, and it can be fluctuated along with the fluctuation of tidewater.
Described static line links to each other with spud pile and preferably utilizes band that one end of static line is connected with set collar, and the other end of static line is connected with spud pile.Band can adopt nylon cable tie, and static line can adopt nylon rope.
The plant restoration method of contained in eutrophic seawater environment of the present invention is as follows:
1) preparation seawater endurable ecological floating floor bed body;
2) spud pile is squeezed under water, be fixed on the spud pile along the end of water (flow) direction with static line;
3) with the cuttage of salt tolerant rehabilitation plant in the culture hole of seawater endurable ecological floating floor bed body, be transported to required restoring area again;
4) set collar that will be located on the seawater endurable ecological floating floor bed body is connected with static line, regulates the static line elasticity, and static line can be fluctuated along with the fluctuation of tidewater;
5) according to the growth conditions and the repairing effect of salt tolerant rehabilitation plant, adjust the salt tolerant rehabilitation plant.
Described salt tolerant rehabilitation plant can be selected from hippocampus tooth Sesuvium portulacastrum (Linn.) Linn. and Salicornia bigelovii Salicornia bigelovii Torr etc.
The growth conditions of described salt tolerant rehabilitation plant is meant the root system development situation of salt tolerant rehabilitation plant, the density of salt tolerant rehabilitation plant etc.Utilize materials such as nitrogen in the plant absorbing water body, phosphorus, metallic element, reach the purpose that purifies lake water.
Described hippocampus tooth growth conditions on biological floating bed is good, root system development fully after, relative growth rate improves (244.8%/month) rapidly, its absolute growth rate is 15.5g FW/shoot/month.The growth of hippocampus tooth is subjected to the restriction of density, and therefore the biomass when the hippocampus tooth is about 1.6～2.0kg FW/m
2The time, hippocampus tooth poor growth, should consider to begin to gather in part hippocampus tooth this moment, and it is freed from competition suppresses, and further excavates its growth potential, improves the repairing effect of hippocampus tooth.
Described Salicornia bigelovii growth is rapid, relative growth rate 821.0%/month, and absolute growth rate 36.2gFW/shoot/month can adapt to water body floating bed ecotope well.
Usually, during use, according to the area of restoring area, the floating bed of construction some amount sea water resistance is to reach repairing effect preferably.
Although floating bed type phytoremediation technology is well used on fresh water environments such as city river, lake and reservoir are administered and promotes.But because the saline and alkaline problem of seawater, general terrestrial plant can't grow; and the corrodibility of seawater is strong; the environment that borders on the sea is subject to the stormy waves influence, and is very high to the requirement of plant growing carrier (referring to floating bed), and therefore this technology does not obtain development and application as yet on briny environment is administered.Breaking through above technical bottleneck becomes key of the present invention, this shows, the present invention has following outstanding advantage:
Characteristics such as 1) seawater endurable ecological floating floor of the present invention has not only that cost is low, corrosion-resistant, rate of ageing is slow, intensity and all good and anti-wave strikes of snappiness, and in light weight, buoyancy and load-bearing greatly, pollution-free to water body.
2) seawater endurable ecological floating floor of the present invention can adopt interspersed eva foam bar structure in the polychloroethylene film, not only material is easy to get, it is simple to make assembling, and transparent polychloroethylene film fully throws in the entry sunlight, helps the growth and the water body reparation of medium-and-large-sized marine alga of water and aerobic bacteria.
3) therefore seawater endurable ecological floating floor of the present invention when swimming in the sea, can freely stretch with the tidewater fluctuation owing to there is not the fixed framework, weakens the strike of wave to seawater endurable ecological floating floor.
4) seawater endurable ecological floating floor of the present invention can not rolled in time spent, reduced occupation space.Floating bed is mainly made by light material, and floating bed is light, and easy handling when making, transporting and storing is suitable for big area and promotes; And cultivating method is simple, saves the labour.As long as will cultivate good plant transplanting or cuttage on culture hole, whole process can be finished less than 20 minutes.
5) described floating bed type phytoremediation technology can be useful in the salt water environment of eutrophication, by the increase of salt-tolerant plant biomass of cultivation, can effectively remove source of students key elements such as water body N and P, and the heavy metal element in the enrichment water body reaches the purpose of purification of water quality.
6) salt-tolerant plant growth of the present invention can be shifted out a large amount of source of students key elements rapidly rapidly from water body.And described plant economic worth is higher (except containing the contained all kinds of nutritive ingredients of common vegetable, crude protein, Wei ShengsuB2, vitamins C and carotene carotene content are than similar common vegetable height, wherein carotene carotene content exceeds nearly 40 times, zinc, selenium and other trace elements exceed 2～6 times, have outstanding fat-reducing, health-care effect (referring to document: open China. sea water vegetable has prospect. Chinese agriculture information, 2006,2:34), be used for the improvement of polluted-water, have good economic and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the seawater endurable ecological floating floor of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is that the seawater endurable ecological floating floor of the embodiment of the invention is placed on the three-dimensional side view in the eutrophic water body.
Fig. 3 is that the seawater endurable ecological floating floor of the embodiment of the invention is placed on the plot plan in the eutrophic water body.
Fig. 4 is the monthly variation of embodiment of the invention cultivation at the hippocampus tooth root cauline leaf biomass and the total biomass (dry weight) in certain lake.In Fig. 4, X-coordinate is month, and left ordinate zou is biomass (gDW/ind.), and right ordinate zou is biomass (gDW/ind.);
Be root,
Be stem,
Be leaf,
Be total biomass; Regression equation is: y=3.428x-19.872; Absolute coefficient r
2=0.9545, regression analysis data point n=4, Probability p＜0.05.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1～3, seawater endurable ecological floating floor is provided with double-deck polychloroethylene film 3, between double-deck polychloroethylene film 3, be provided with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) foam strip 4, on foam strip 4, be provided with the culture hole 5 that is used for cultivated plant 6, be provided with set collar 2 at double-deck polychloroethylene film 3 peripheries.
Double-deck polychloroethylene film 3 be the transparent polychloroethylene film of bilayer, and double-deck polychloroethylene film 3 is rectangular, adjacent foam strip be spaced apart (8～15) cm, set collar 2 is located at 4 angles and two middle side parts of double-deck polychloroethylene film 3, is used for fixing floating bed 9.
The aperture standard of set culture hole (or field planting hole) 5 is the main reference index with the stem thickness of plant on the foam strip 4.Pitch-row is a standard with the optimum density of plantation plant.
The fixing of seawater endurable ecological floating floor can adopt simple and practical pile-driving method, be about to 7 dozens of spud piles under water, be connected on the set collar 2 of seawater endurable ecological floating floor 9 by static line 1 again, the other end of static line 1 is connected with spud pile 7, spud pile 7 is fixed under water, static line 1 can adopt nylon rope, and floating bed 9 is fixed.
Floating bed 9 is a rectangle, and specification is long 300cm * wide 150cm.Polychloroethylene film is transparent, and thickness is 0.15cm, is provided with a space that holds foam strip 4 every the double-deck polychloroethylene film of 10cm, and 15 foam strips 4 evenly intert in the middle of double-deck polychloroethylene film 3.Foam strip 4 is provided with the definite value hole 5 of cultivated plant, and slightly decide according to the stem of serike 6 in the aperture, and pitch-row is a standard with the optimum density of plantation plant.With the hippocampus tooth is example, and the aperture is preferably 2cm, and pitch-row is preferably 25cm.The specification of foam strip 4 is long 120cm * wide 10cm * high 3.0cm, and adjacent two foam strips are preferably 10cm apart.
The present invention fixes floating bed by the method for piling, is about to 7 dozens of spud piles under water, along water (flow) direction two static lines 1 is fixed on the spud pile 7, regulates the elasticity of static line 1, and it can be fluctuated along with the fluctuation of tidewater, and floating bed 9 is fixed.
Salt tolerant rehabilitation plant 6 of the present invention can adopt hippocampus tooth Sesuvium portulacastrum (Linn.) Linn. and Salicornia bigelovii Salicornia bigelovii Torr. two kind of plant.
Described hippocampus tooth growth conditions on biological floating bed is good, root system development fully after, relative growth rate improves (244.8%/month) rapidly, its absolute growth rate is 15.5g FW/shoot/month.The growth of described hippocampus tooth is subjected to the restriction of density, and therefore the biomass when the hippocampus tooth is about 1.6～2.0kg FW/m
2The time, hippocampus tooth poor growth, should consider to begin to gather in part hippocampus tooth this moment, and it is freed from competition suppresses, and further excavates its growth potential, improves the repairing effect of hippocampus tooth.
Described Salicornia bigelovii growth is rapid, relative growth rate 821.0%/month, and absolute growth rate 36.2gFW/shoot/month can adapt to the floating bed ecotope well.
Floating bed minimum theoretical of the present invention work-ing life is 2 years.Reach certain area coverage if consider the plant of cultivating on the floating bed, weakening sunlight is exposed to the sun to floating bed, and will prolong greatly the work-ing life of floating bed.
Salt tolerant rehabilitation plant of the present invention has tangible repairing effect to the briny environment of eutrophication.
Described hippocampus tooth is respectively 1.11gN/m to the moon amount of removing of certain lake eutrophication water N and P source of students key element
2/ month and 0.081gP/m
2/ month.Calculating by 500 mu demonstration plant areas, serves as the cultivation object with the hippocampus tooth, and can shift out 4.44t nitrogen and 0.32t phosphorus every year from the lake, can reduce the quantity of Lake Water Body source of students key element effectively, reaches the excellent repairing effect.
Described horse tooth also has the ability of the polluted heavy metals element of enrichment water body.It is respectively 56.02 μ g/m to the moon enriching quantity of heavy metal Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn
2/ month, 5.25 μ g/m
2/ month, 147.42 μ g/m
2/ month and 1888.24 μ g/m
2/ month, concentration effect is obvious.Be example with certain lake equally, calculate by 500 mu demonstration plant areas, utilize the hippocampus tooth to be the cultivation object, by in the lake, carrying out floating bed type phytoremediation, can shift out 224.10kg lead, 21.00kg cadmium, 589.67kg copper and 7552.90kg zinc every year from the lake, can reduce the quantity of Lake Water Body heavy metal effectively, reach the excellent repairing effect.
Following examples are convenient to understand better the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the laying method that certain lake is biological floating bed
Lay 30 floating beds in certain position, trunk canal, lake, embodiment as shown in Figure 3.At first accomplish fluently spud pile in advance, draw the nylon rope of two thick 2.5cm in footpath, regulate the nylon rope degree of tightness it can be fluctuated along with the fluctuation of tidewater along water (flow) direction at the floating bed rest area.Then on the coast with the cuttage of hippocampus tooth in the culture hole of floating bed, floating bed is dragged to floating bed with motor-driven sampan lays the district, with nylon cable tie floating bed tightly is fixed on the thick nylon rope.Build the phytoremediation floating bed of certain area, utilize materials such as nitrogen in the plant absorbing water body, phosphorus, metallic element, reach the purpose that purifies lake water.
Embodiment 2: the work-ing life of floating bed
By the polyethylene film that is laid on different times floating bed on certain lake being carried out the test of Elongation test and transmittance, and assess work-ing life of floating bed in contrast with brand-new floating bed, its result is as shown in table 1.
(1) polyethylene film of the present invention is in the weathering process of nature, and As time goes on stress-bearing capability and deformability slowly descend.
Table 1
The percent transmission of polyethylene film that (2) the present invention adopts can descend with the increase of duration of service, but speed is slow.
(3) the floating bed integrity after using for 21 weeks is good, does not have obviously damaged.Recording data by table 1, to calculate at present (estimated value after half a year) floating bed functional, tallies with the actual situation.
(4) carry out regression analysis by the data of table 1, utilize extra curvature pushing manipulation estimation, if the degradation of floating bed can not be used to original 25%, then the theoretical life-span of floating bed of the present invention is more than 2 years.But, reach certain area coverage if consider the plant of cultivating on the floating bed.Weakening sunlight directly is exposed to the sun to floating bed, and will prolong greatly the work-ing life of floating bed.
Embodiment 3: the growth result of the hippocampus tooth of cultivation on certain lake floating bed, to water body in the ability that removes effect and enriching heavy metal thereof of source of students element
Lay floating bed cultivation hippocampus tooth in certain trunk canal, lake, floating bed lay and hippocampus tooth cottage method as described in the Application Example 1, the plantation density p of hippocampus tooth is 30shoot/m
2End from April, 2008 to October, sampling (sample number N=10) in every month, stipes number and the stem of measuring the hippocampus tooth respectively are long, and growth parameter(s)s (specifically as shown in table 2) such as the weight of hippocampus tooth root, stem and leaf and gross weight are with the growth result of relative growth rate and absolute growth rate assessment hippocampus tooth.Relative growth rate and absolute growth rate calculation formula are as follows:
The relative growth rate of hippocampus tooth (%/month)=(B
I+1-B
i)/B
i* 100%, absolute growth rate (g/shoot/month)=(B
I+1-B
i)/t; B wherein
iIt is the weight in average (g/shoot) of i month individual plant hippocampus tooth.
The hippocampus tooth reaches as follows to the accumulation ability method of heavy metal to the rate that removes of source of students element in the water body: get sample segment in 60 ℃ of baking 48h, after pulverizing, measure the N and the P content of hippocampus tooth, the total amount of the source of students key element of removing in every month by the moon amount of removing estimation hippocampus tooth, month amount of removing (g/m
2/ month)=(X
I+1-X
i)/t, wherein X
iBe the N or the P content (g/m of i month hippocampus tooth
2).C, N content are measured through the CNH elemental analyser; When P measured, hippocampus tooth sample needed to adopt earlier H
2SO
4-H
2O
2The cooking method that disappears is handled and is obtained liquid to be measured, measures with the phosphorus molybdenum blue colorimetric method then.Determination of Heavy Metal is specifically described with reference to GB GB 3097-1997.By the total metals that moon enriching quantity estimation hippocampus tooth was removed from water body in every month, month enriching quantity (μ g/m
2/ month)=M * ρ * (B
I+1-B
i)/t, wherein M represents the heavy metal content (μ g/g DW) of every gram hippocampus tooth (dry-matter).
The growing state of hippocampus tooth sees Table 2 and Fig. 4.After the hippocampus tooth root system of floating bed cultivation in June grows, hippocampus tooth growing state is good, long stable the increasing of stipes number and stem, and the growth rate of hippocampus tooth also improves (table 2) Fig. 4 rapidly and also shows, from June to September, the variation of hippocampus tooth dry-matter presents the trend that near-linear increases.Pass through one-way analysis of variance, compared July～October the biomass that hippocampus tooth root pastern divides difference, assay shows between them does not have significant difference (p＞0.05), this explanation is from July, the root system of hippocampus tooth is zoon substantially, at this moment, its relative growth rate also reaches the highest (244.8%/month).In 9～October, the long amplification of hippocampus tooth stipes number and stem reduces, and October, the stipes base originally remained unchanged by (table 2), the hippocampus tooth biomass (1.6～2.0kg/m on this explanation floating bed this moment
2) begun to restrict the growth of hippocampus tooth, this (table 2 that also can from the variation of hippocampus tooth root, stem and leaf in 9～October biomass, further be confirmed, Fig. 4), can consider this moment from floating bed harvesting part hippocampus tooth, artificial interference reduces the density and the biomass of floating bed hippocampus tooth, further excavate its growth potential, improve the repairing effect of hippocampus tooth.But from population mean, the absolute growth rate of hippocampus tooth can adapt to the floating bed ecotope well still up to 15.5g/month/shoot.Though hippocampus tooth plantation back in first month average mortality be 20.4%, this mainly be since just the seedling of plantation be subjected to birds such as egression and trample and peck at.Reseed by the later stage, final surviving rate reaches 100%.
The moon amount of removing of the monthly variation of nutritive element and water nutrition element is as shown in table 3 in the hippocampus denticle.The monthly variation of the monthly variation of nutritive element and its dry-matter is similar in the hippocampus denticle.After root system grew, N and P content increased sharply in the hippocampus denticle, also show similar linear growth trend in 6～September.Compare with September, the N in October and P content do not have increase even root, leaf part also slightly to descend, and this is relevant with the poor growth that this period, hippocampus tooth depth density caused.By removing the hippocampus tooth that effectiveness formula calculates every square metre floating bed plantation the moon amount of removing of water body N and P is respectively 1.11gN/m
2/ month and 0.081gP/m
2/ month.Calculate with 500 mu demonstration plant areas, utilize the hippocampus tooth to be the cultivation object, by carry out floating bed type phytoremediation means in certain lake, can shift out 4.44t nitrogen and 0.32t phosphorus every year from certain lake, can reduce the quantity of Lake Water Body source of students key element effectively, reach the excellent repairing effect.
Table 2
Table 3
Annotate: "-": there be not (April, just the hippocampus tooth of plantation did not also grow root system) in this value." CN " represents that the P content of this hippocampus tooth do not measure in month.
Table 4
The moon enriching quantity of the heavy metal content of hippocampus tooth root cauline leaf and heavy metal is as shown in table 4.The result shows that four heavy metal species content of hippocampus tooth root portion are all apparently higher than stem, leaf part, and the Pb content of its root is 10.011 μ g/g DW, is respectively 5.1 times and 2.9 times of cauline leaf part; Cd content is 2.51 μ g/g DW, is respectively 25.1 times and 9.3 times of cauline leaf part; The content of Cu is 24.96 μ g/g DW, is respectively 3.8 times and 3.0 times of cauline leaf part; The content of Zn is 338.15 μ g/g DW, is respectively 4.8 times and 3.2 times of cauline leaf part.Although the heavy metal content of hippocampus tooth root cauline leaf each several part each month does not have considerable change, by the increase of plant biomass, the intravital heavy metal content of hippocampus tooth increases gradually, has realized the enrichment to heavy metal.It is respectively 56.02 μ g/m to the moon enriching quantity of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn
2/ month, 5.25 μ g/m
2/ month, 147.42 μ g/m
2/ month and 1888.24 μ g/m
2/ month, concentration effect is obvious.Calculate with 500 mu demonstration plant area equally, utilize the hippocampus tooth to be the cultivation object, by carry out floating bed type phytoremediation in certain lake, can shift out 224.10kg lead, 21.00kg cadmium, 589.67kg copper and 7552.90kg zinc every year from the lake, can effectively reduce the quantity of Lake Water Body heavy metal, reach the excellent repairing effect.
Embodiment 4: the growth result of the Salicornia bigelovii of cultivation on certain lake floating bed
Lay floating bed cultivation Salicornia bigelovii in December, 2007 in the trunk canal, lake, floating bed lay and the Salicornia bigelovii cottage method as described in the application example 1, plantation density is 30shoot/m
2Observe the death condition of Salicornia bigelovii weekly and in time reseed plant.After 4 months, random acquisition Salicornia bigelovii plant (sample number N=20) on each floating bed, measure the variation of Salicornia bigelovii cultivation front and back biomass, according to the growth result of relative growth rate and absolute growth rate assessment hippocampus tooth, the calculating of relative growth rate and absolute growth rate is as described in the application example 2.The result is as shown in table 5.Owing to initially plant the root system that Salicornia bigelovii plant on floating bed has certain-length, so the survival rate of Salicornia bigelovii is higher, and (survival rate of first month: 94.9 ± 2.6%), reseed by the later stage, finally surviving rate reaches 100%.In certain lake, the Salicornia bigelovii growth is rapid, relative growth rate 821.0%/month, and absolute growth rate 36.2g/month/shoot can adapt to lake floating bed ecotope well.
Table 5
Claims (2)
1. seawater endurable ecological floating floor, it is characterized in that being provided with a body, spud pile, static line and cultivated plant, the bed body is provided with double-layer plastic film, between double-layer plastic film, be provided with foam strip, on foam strip, be provided with the culture hole that is used for cultivated plant, be provided with set collar at the double-layer plastic film periphery, cultivated plant is located in the culture hole; Described double-layer plastic film is double-deck transparent polychloroethylene film, and double-layer plastic film is rectangular; Adjacent foam strip be spaced apart 8～15cm;
Described spud pile is fixed under water, utilizes band that one end of static line is connected with set collar, and the other end of static line is connected with spud pile, and set collar is located at 4 angles and two middle side parts of double-layer plastic film.
2. the plant restoration method of contained in eutrophic seawater environment is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) preparation seawater endurable ecological floating floor bed body, described seawater endurable ecological floating floor is provided with a body and cultivated plant, the bed body is provided with double-layer plastic film, between double-layer plastic film, be provided with foam strip, on foam strip, be provided with the culture hole that is used for cultivated plant, be provided with set collar at the double-layer plastic film periphery, cultivated plant is located in the culture hole;
2) spud pile is squeezed under water, be fixed on the spud pile along the end of water (flow) direction with static line;
3) with the cuttage of salt tolerant rehabilitation plant in the culture hole of seawater endurable ecological floating floor bed body, be transported to required restoring area again, described salt tolerant rehabilitation plant is selected from hippocampus tooth Sesuvium portulacastrum (Linn.) Linn. or Salicornia bigelovii Salicornia bigelovii Torr;
4) set collar that will be located on the seawater endurable ecological floating floor bed body is connected with static line, regulates the static line elasticity, and static line can be fluctuated along with the fluctuation of tidewater;
5) according to the growth conditions and the repairing effect of salt tolerant rehabilitation plant, adjust the salt tolerant rehabilitation plant.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101863559B (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-07-27 | 广东海洋大学 | Ecological repairing method for seedling raising and breeding seawater before use |
| CN101898833B (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2011-09-28 | 厦门大学 | Flexible ecological floating bed |
| CN103190310B (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2014-05-21 | 张可文 | Water plant floating bed |
| CN103880191B (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-04-01 | 河海大学常州校区 | Flow-guide type ecological floating bed suitable for high-flow-speed water body |
| CN107055802A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-18 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of ecological reestablishment that submerged plant is applied to Low-salinity seawater |
| CN108046435A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-18 | 高邮市恒昌泡沫制品有限公司 | It is a kind of biological floating bed |
| CN108184641A (en) * | 2018-01-13 | 2018-06-22 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of device available for sea water desalination and marine plantation |
| CN108605685A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-02 | 浙江大学 | A kind of breeding seawater restorative procedure in production |
| CN109368794B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2021-10-26 | 杭州江润科技有限公司 | Construction method of aquatic plant composite ecological floating island |
| CN110150114B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2021-12-21 | 福建省水产研究所（福建水产病害防治中心） | Stem section transplanting method for water culture hippocampus |
| CN110451653B (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-10-13 | 舟山赛莱特海洋科技有限公司 | Ecological method for treating river pollution based on spartina alterniflora |
| CN110451652B (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-07-10 | 舟山赛莱特海洋科技有限公司 | Sea horse tooth-based saline water river channel ecological restoration method |
| CN114667920A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-06-28 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Construction method of floating type coastal small habitat system |
| CN115088607B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-09-01 | 广东浩禹建设有限公司 | Ecological grass planting device that floats of improvement waters quality of water |
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| CN1953655A (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2007-04-25 | 夏威夷大学 | Floating plant cultivation platform and method for growing terrestrial plants in saline water of various salinities for multiple purposes |
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