CN101496991A - Upper straight-down rotating dry-type circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an up straight-down spin dry circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor, which relates to a circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor. The invention solves the problems of the existing desulfurization reactors, such as low working efficiency, easy particle formation on the wall surface and excessive height. The inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder and the lower end of the inner cylinder is located below the outer cylinder, the swirler is arranged at the upper end of the inner cylinder; the one to four tangential swirl smoke exhaust pipes are located below the outer cylinder, And one to four tangential swirling smoke exhaust pipes are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the inner cylinder along the tangential direction, and each tangential swirling smoke exhaust pipe is connected with the cavity between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the shell The upper end of the body communicates with the inner cavity of the outer cylinder, the lower end of the shell communicates with the inner cylinder, one side of each swirl plate is connected with the central axis, and the other side is connected with the inner wall of the shell. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, strong adaptability to load changes, low cost, convenient overall layout and operation and maintenance of the system, and the desulfurization efficiency is increased by more than 10%.

Description

Up straight-down spin dry circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas purification, in particular to an upper straight-down spin dry circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor.

Background technique

The desulfurization reactor is the core device of the desulfurization process, and the fluidization technology has been widely used in energy, environmental protection and chemical engineering fields. The circulating fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization reactor uses absorbents such as slaked lime as the circulating material. Under the action of the flue gas, the circulating material is fluidized in the reactor, and the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas and the absorbent in the circulating material undergo a neutralization reaction. , to achieve the purpose of desulfurization. The problems existing in the existing circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor are as follows: 1. During the operation of domestic boilers, the load of the unit changes greatly and frequently. The non-uniform distribution of the state turbulent flow field reduces the contact area and contact time between the absorbent material and the gas, resulting in low desulfurization reaction efficiency; The humidity of the particles behind the tower increases rapidly, and these particles with high humidity enter the desulfurization reactor and are easily attached to the wall of the desulfurization reactor, forming a phenomenon of particle sticking to the wall; 3. The height of the current desulfurization reactor is too large (generally the height is 20-30 meters), it is not convenient for the overall layout and operation and maintenance of the system.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems of the existing desulfurization reactors, such as low working efficiency, easy particle adhesion on the wall surface and excessive height, the present invention further provides an up-direct-down-spin-dry circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor.

The technical solution of the present invention is: an upper straight-down spin dry circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the upper end of the outer cylinder is provided with an upper end cover, and the inner cylinder is a cylindrical straight cylinder; The desulfurization reactor also includes a cyclone and one to four tangential swirl smoke exhaust pipes, the cyclone is composed of three to twenty swirl plates, a central shaft and a shell, and the inner cylinder is arranged on the outer cylinder The lower end of the inner cylinder is located below the outer cylinder, and the cyclone is arranged on the upper end of the inner cylinder; the one to four tangential swirl smoke exhaust pipes are located below the outer cylinder, and the one to four tangential The swirl smoke exhaust pipes are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder along the tangential direction, each tangential swirl smoke exhaust pipe communicates with the cavity between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the upper end of the shell is connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder. The inner cavity is connected, the lower end of the shell is connected with the inner cylinder, the three to twenty swirl plates and the central shaft are located in the shell, and the three to twenty swirl plates are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the central shaft Above, one side of each swirl plate is connected to the central axis, and the other side is connected to the inner wall of the housing, and the angle α between the swirl plate and the central axis is 45-60 degrees.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention divides the reactor into an inner cylinder (one-stage direct flow reactor) and an outer cylinder (two-stage cyclone reactor) through a cyclone, and the absorption When the agent (solid particles for desulfurization) reaches the cyclone, it returns to the first-stage DC reactor due to inertia, and the concentration of particles in the first-stage DC reactor increases, and the flow cross-sectional area of the flue gas in the cyclone reactor increases. The residence time of the gas in the desulfurization reactor is increased, and the desulfurization efficiency is increased by more than 10%. The angle of the included angle is adjustable, and it has good adaptability to the change of flue gas volume caused by the change of boiler load; the present invention adopts a flow field combining up straight and down swirling, and adopts a higher flow rate in the direct current reactor, swirling flow The whole process of the reactor is in the form of swirling flow, which can effectively alleviate the phenomenon of absorbent sticking to the wall near the wall of the absorption tower. The height of the reactor is greatly reduced (only 1/2 of the existing reactor), which is convenient for the overall layout and operation and maintenance of the system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the main body of the desulfurization reactor, Fig. 2 is a top view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a cyclone (the number of swirl plates is represented by three pieces), and Fig. 4 is a top view of Fig. 3 .

Detailed ways

Specific embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the upper straight-down spin dry circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor described in this embodiment includes an outer cylinder 1 and an inner cylinder 2, and the upper end of the outer cylinder 1 is provided with There is an upper end cover 1-1, and the inner cylinder 2 is a cylindrical straight cylinder; the desulfurization reactor also includes a cyclone 3 and one to four tangential swirl smoke exhaust pipes 4, and the cyclone 3 consists of three ~Twenty swirl plates 3-1, a central shaft 3-2 and a housing 3-3, the inner cylinder 2 is arranged in the outer cylinder 1 and the lower end of the inner cylinder 2 is located below the outer cylinder 1, the cyclone 3. Set on the upper end of the inner cylinder 2; the one to four tangential swirl smoke exhaust pipes 4 are located below the outer cylinder 1, and the one to four tangential swirl smoke exhaust pipes 4 are evenly arranged in the tangential direction On the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2, each tangential swirling smoke exhaust pipe 4 communicates with the cavity between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, and the upper end of the shell 3-3 communicates with the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 1, The lower end of the casing 3-3 communicates with the inner cylinder 2, and the three to twenty swirl plates 3-1 and the central axis 3-2 are located in the casing 3-3, and the three to twenty swirl plates The plates 3-1 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the central shaft 3, one side of each swirl plate 3-1 is connected with the central shaft 3-2, and the other side is connected with the inner wall of the housing 3-3, the The included angle α between the swirl plate 3-1 and the central axis 3-2 is 45-60 degrees. Upward straightness means that the flue gas passes through the inner cylinder 2 from bottom to top in the inner cylinder 2 (first-stage direct current reactor), which is called "upper straightness". The downward swirl flows through the outer cylinder (secondary swirl reactor), which is called "downward swirl".

Embodiment 2: As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the number of swirl plates 3 - 1 in this embodiment ranges from four to eighteen. With such setting, the flue gas flow rate and flow rate entering the secondary cyclone reactor can be changed. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3: As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the number of swirl plates 3-1 in this embodiment is six to sixteen. With such setting, the flue gas flow rate and flow rate entering the secondary cyclone reactor can be changed. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Embodiment 4: As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the number of swirl plates 3 - 1 in this embodiment is eight to fourteen. With such setting, the flue gas flow rate and flow rate entering the secondary cyclone reactor can be changed. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Embodiment 5: As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the number of swirl plates 3 - 1 in this embodiment is ten to twelve. With such setting, the flue gas flow rate and flow rate entering the secondary cyclone reactor can be changed. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Specific embodiment six: As shown in Figure 1, the desulfurization reactor described in this embodiment also includes a process water atomizer 6, and the process water atomizer 6 is arranged above the upper end cover 1-1 and connected to the outer cylinder 1 connected. With such setting, the flue gas entering the secondary cyclone reactor can be humidified and the desulfurization efficiency of the reactor can be improved. Other compositions and connection relations are the same as those in Embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

Embodiment 7: As shown in Figure 1, the desulfurization reactor in this embodiment also includes an absorbent regulator 7, which is arranged above the upper end cover 1-1 and communicates with the outer cylinder 1 . This setting is used to supplement the slaked lime absorbent required by the fluidized bed desulfurization system to ensure that the absorbent sent to the secondary reactor is uniform. Other compositions and connections are the same as those in Embodiment 6.

working principle:

The inner cylinder 2 is connected with the flue gas fluidization air distribution device of the dry circulating fluidized bed desulfurization process, and the flue gas sent from the combustion equipment is humidified by the process water and carries absorbent (solid particles for desulfurization) into the inner cylinder 2 (One-stage DC reactor), the absorbent and the atomized process water are driven by the flue gas to move turbulently from bottom to top, and form a strong heat and mass exchange between the gas, liquid and solid phases; the absorbent forms a suspended flow In the liquefied state, the slip velocity between the gas-solid two phases is relatively high, and the absorbent rises and returns in the air flow and descends and refluxes near the wall surface, which makes the mixing and turbulence in the bed very strong, and the heat and mass transfer rate is fast. When the flue gas rises to the cyclone 3, part of the absorbent carried by the flue gas returns to the first-stage DC reactor due to inertia, increasing the particle concentration in the reactor, forming a dense phase turbulent zone, and a strong turbulent effect in the bed And the higher circulation rate strengthens the collision between solid particles and the contact between solid particles and flue gas, and the desulfurization efficiency in the primary reactor is improved.

After the flue gas flows out of the inner cylinder 2 (first-stage direct current reactor), under the action of the cyclone 3, it enters the outer cylinder 1 (secondary cyclone reactor) in a swirling manner, and rotates around the outer wall of the first-stage reactor Flow from top to bottom. A dilute-phase reaction zone is formed in the outer cylinder 1 (secondary cyclone reactor), and the absorbent regulator 7 is used to supplement slaked lime particles (particle size not greater than 200 mesh) to increase the concentration of absorbent lost after the flue gas flows through the cyclone 3 , at the same time, the swirl flow state in the outer cylinder 1 (secondary swirl flow reactor) increases the turbulent flow intensity in the reactor, and then adjusts the angle of the swirl flow plate 3-1 according to the change of unit load, which is equivalent to adjusting the The angle of the flue gas swirl in the outer cylinder 1 (secondary swirl reactor); for the flue gas with a large flow rate, increasing the angle of the swirl plate 3-1 can increase the swirl angle of the flue gas in the reactor and extend the The flow cross-sectional area is increased, the residence time of flue gas is increased, and the desulfurization efficiency in the outer cylinder 1 (secondary cyclone reactor) is enhanced.

Claims (7)

1, upper straight-down rotating dry-type circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor, described desulfurization reactor comprise urceolus (1) and inner core (2), and the upper end of described urceolus (1) is provided with upper end cover (1-1), and described inner core (2) is the straight tube of column type; It is characterized in that: described desulfurization reactor also comprises cyclone (3) and one～four tangential swirl smoke exhaust pipe (4), described cyclone (3) is made up of three～20 blocks of eddy flow plates (3-1), central shaft (3-2) and housing (3-3), inner core (2) is arranged on the below that urceolus (1) lower end interior and inner core (2) is positioned at urceolus (1), and described cyclone (3) is arranged on the upper end of inner core (2); Described one～four tangential swirl smoke exhaust pipe (4) is positioned at the below of urceolus (1), and one～four tangential swirl smoke exhaust pipe (4) is tangentially uniform to be arranged on the lateral wall of inner core (2), each tangential swirl smoke exhaust pipe (4) all with urceolus (1) and inner core (2) between cavity be communicated with, the upper end of housing (3-3) is communicated with the inner chamber of urceolus (1), the lower end of housing (3-3) is communicated with inner core (2), described three～20 blocks of eddy flow plates (3-1) and central shaft (3-2) all are positioned at housing (3-3), described three～20 blocks of eddy flow plates (3-1) are uniform to be arranged on the outer surface of central shaft (3-2), one side of every block of eddy flow plate (3-1) is connected with central shaft (3-2), opposite side is connected with the inwall of housing (3-3), and the angle α between described eddy flow plate (3-1) and the central shaft (3-2) is 45～60 degree.

2, upper straight-down rotating dry-type circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the quantity of described eddy flow plate (3-1) is four～18.

3, upper straight-down rotating dry-type circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the quantity of described eddy flow plate (3-1) is six～16.

4, upper straight-down rotating dry-type circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the quantity of described eddy flow plate (3-1) is eight～14.

5, upper straight-down rotating dry-type circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the quantity of described eddy flow plate (3-1) is ten～12.

6, according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 described upper straight-down rotating dry-type circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactors, it is characterized in that: described desulfurization reactor also comprises fresh water (FW) atomizer (6), and described fresh water (FW) atomizer (6) is arranged on the top of upper end cover (1-1) and is connected with urceolus (1).

7, upper straight-down rotating dry-type circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reactor according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described desulfurization reactor also comprises absorbent adjuster (7), and described absorbent adjuster (7) is arranged on the top of upper end cover (1-1) and is connected with urceolus (1).

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