CN101449049B - Liquid or liquified gas vaporization system - Google Patents
Liquid or liquified gas vaporization system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101449049B CN101449049B CN200780018424.9A CN200780018424A CN101449049B CN 101449049 B CN101449049 B CN 101449049B CN 200780018424 A CN200780018424 A CN 200780018424A CN 101449049 B CN101449049 B CN 101449049B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- well
- pick
- hot surface
- radial acceleration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
- F02M31/18—Other apparatus for heating fuel to vaporise fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
- F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
- F23D11/441—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The present invention relates to and leave the liquid of hot surface or the gasification of liquid gas.Acted on liquid by degree of will speed up, and by the pick-up well on Liquid transfer to hot surface or in hot surface or liquid trap, the present invention forces liquid to keep and hot surface thermo-contact.
Description
The present invention relates to the vaporization of liquid or liquid gas.The vaporization that there is much wherein liquid or liquid gas is the necessary application of function system work.
The feature operation of explosive motor depends on the vaporization of liquid as basic demand or liquid gas.In explosive motor, the subject matter of fuel delivery system is fuel collision (fuelimpingement) of the various interior surface of such as piston top or cylinder wall, and fuel collision is harmful to the vaporescence in the available time limit.This causes the partial combustion of fuel usually, thus causes poor efficiency, higher discharge and soot formation.The invention being applied to this specification of explosive motor will address these problems.
In in the most wide in range, provide hot surface, and force liquid to keep contacting with this surface heat, until vaporizing liquid.
On the other hand, provide hot surface, and force liquid to keep contacting with surface heat, until vaporizing liquid by means of the restricting means (constrainingdevice) of hot surface of ining succession.
On the other hand, provide hot surface, and keep contacting with surface heat, until vaporizing liquid to force liquid by means of coordinating the restricting means degree of will speed up of hot surface of ining succession to be applied to liquid.
In one form, this realizes by axial concentric V groove being placed in cylinder block (housingcylinder), making surface keep sufficiently high temperature and making liquid produce tangential velocity to V groove Liquid transfer with given speed.Tangential velocity causes radial inertial acceleration (radialinertialacceleration), and radial inertial acceleration is combined with V groove and inhibits liquid to spread and droplet is formed, and forces liquid to keep and hot surface physical contact.
If liquid knockout is equal to or less than on the surface of saturation temperature in temperature, the contact so between liquid and surface is not by the obstruction that interface steam generates.If used the difference between surface temperature and saturation temperature, then at surface generating steam, thus destroy liquid-surface contact interface (liquidtosurfacecontactinterface).This temperature difference from zero increase increase time, steam generates also to be increased, and steam generates and finally becomes so powerful, to such an extent as to there occurs the thorough destruction to liquid-surface contact interface.
If liquid knockout is greater than on the surface of saturation temperature rightly in temperature, so carrys out wetting surface by liquid and then become impossible.This causes pass at the low heating rate and low vapor production rates (vapourproductionrate) therefore.For water-immersed hot surface at one atm, this non-wetting temperature difference is approximately 120 degrees Celsius, and is called as Leidenfrost point (Leidenfrostpoint).Can be observed until the various boiling mechanism of Leidenfrost point and the coefficient of overall heat transmission of correspondence.More than Leidenfrost point, the contact between surface and water does not occur, heat relies on conduction to pass through steam blanket.In Leidenfrost point or more than Leidenfrost point, surface is not soaked by liquid.In such a system, until Leidenfrost point, maximal heat transfer rate and maximum vapor production rates therefore just betide in nucleate boiling regime (nucleateboilingregime) under the temperature difference of about 30 degrees Celsius.More than Leidenfrost point, needs are greater than 1000 degrees Celsius by temperature difference, to equal the maximal heat transfer rate generated in nucleate boiling regime.Other liquid most presents the phenomenon similar with water, and water is used as example at this.
At the liquid impinging upon the certain volume on hot surface not as in the system impinging upon immersed surface a drop on surface or multiple drop, can be observed identical phenomenon.The coefficient of overall heat transmission is maximum in moderate moisture difference, and reduces, until run into very large temperature difference in the temperature difference raised.If drop be placed in wherein surface temperature and formed drop liquid saturation temperature between temperature difference close on the surface of Leidenfrost point, so this drop is supported while its approximate sphericity shape of maintenance by steam blanket, and seethes with excitement (as Leidenfrost is viewed in 1756) lentamente.
Ideally, spheroid is with some contact surfaces, and for liquid drop deformable under active force, contact area will be greater than a bit, but if wetting phenomena can continue, then contact area is more much smaller than the wetting zones of the liquid of same volume.
In the coefficient of overall heat transmission increasing surface and the temperature difference being therefore increased in raising, the vaporization of liquid, then must force liquid to arrive on the surface.
By liquid is placed in tangential motion on the hot surface of geometrical shape defining such as cylinder form, the radial inertial acceleration (centrifugal acceleration) of liquid can be produced.Radial acceleration causes by fluid matasomatism to the power on surface, and vice versa.The instantaneous magnitude of radial acceleration is the tangential velocity of any time and the function of radius of curvature.
If on curved surfaces the liquid drop with just in time maintainable geometrical shape in gravity field is placed in tangential motion with tangential velocity, this makes radial acceleration be greater than gravity accleration, and when surface temperature and fluid temperature difference are in or are greater than Leidenfrost point, drop will split into several less drop.The radial acceleration acted on is larger, and the quantity of less drop is also more.If one liquid is placed in tangential motion in similar surfaces, then there is identical result.The size of drop is essentially the function of radial acceleration, surface tension of liquid and fluid density.The surface finishing on surface also will affect the size of drop.
The drop of any size all will be supported by steam blanket, and therefore heat transfer will be in minimum, unless large temperature differences are employed.Therefore, the development of drop must be suppressed, and allow steam to be pumped while it generates, and not carry any liquid.Curved surface radial acceleration being applied to liquid can be and liquid can be stoped axially to scatter, and namely also axial acceleration is acted on any geometrical shape on liquid.Concentric V groove is exactly an example.Such configuration force fluid with three orthogonal directions get back to from it, thus suppress drop to be formed, and to guarantee and hot surface physical contact.The radial inertial acceleration acted on produces radial pressure, circular pressure (looppressure) in liquid, and the side of V groove produces relative axial pressure.Liquid can not leave from groove, and liquid is maintained in pick-up well (accelerationwell), liquid trap.The direction that steam can reduce at pressure is floated by liquid, namely towards the initial point of surface curvature radius, and also pumps along cell wall.Once steam leaves liquid, steam just freely expands, or is taken away by ambient gas.
Experiment display, a large amount of hydrocarbons suitable with the stoichiometry for typical motor car engine can be vaporized within the very short time period.This time period is the function endurance for motor car engine, thus the present invention is suitable for as one application for Motor Vehicle.
These test display, and the heat flux of tens of megawatt every square metre can enter liquid from hot surface.
Non-wetting surface can use by the mode identical with wetting surface.Surface finishing can be from dead smooth to any suitable fine finishing, and can have substrate material (basematerial) or be coated with the suitable material of such as Teflon.
By any suitable device by Liquid transfer to the present invention, and liquid can be continuous print or interval, and can comprise one or many interval Liquid inject.
In this manual, use V groove to describe the geometrical shape of pick-up well or liquid trap, it should be understood that, the curved surface radial and axial acceleration being applied to liquid also can be any geometrical shape that can produce pick-up well or liquid trap.One or more pick-up well can be adopted according to vaporization load (vaporizationload).Groove or surface can be concentric circle or other form.
Radial and axial acceleration is applied to liquid and produces the V groove of pick-up well or liquid trap or curved surface and can have spiral path (helicalpath) or track or any other suitable path or track; can be open or closed type, the guide (lead) having into or go out or can start glossily or steeply or finish up.The degree of depth of V groove or curved surface can be any suitable degree of depth.
Pick-up well or liquid trap can be arranged on hot surface and form raised profile.
The radius of curvature of pick-up well or liquid trap can be constant or variable, continuously or segmentation, little or large along the path of pick-up well or liquid trap or track.
The geometrical shape on surface probably changes in time in the alteration of form forced (enforcedshapechange), probably has the discontinuous shape forced from the teeth outwards on request, and can change shape by the change of temperature.
Heat hot surface can be come by any suitable device.
Temperature difference between surface and liquid without the need to close to or be greater than the temperature difference of Leidenfrost point.
Pick-up well can perform well in some precalculated positions be limited to by liquid in system, and the diffusing molecules of liquid enters stationary gas or active gas in these positions.
The radial acceleration acted on is combined the atomization of liquid by producing very high level with non-wetting surface.If employ wetting surface, then must utilize Leidenfrost's phenomenon, that is, make surface wetting phenomena thoroughly stop.The barrel surface of minor diameter be combined droplet by producing multiple micron diameter by injecting fuel into the moderate tangential velocity that barrel surface causes.The vector that the groove formed rightly or guide groove will make tangential velocity convert axial velocity or tangential velocity and axial velocity to.Such device will be used for multiple application, such as, be applied to the air inlet of motor car engine, or as the exemplary application applied in the cylinder of direct fuel-injection engine.
Use the non-wetness attributes on surface can be conducive to Liquid transfer in the gas flow of such as air.If by spray or other method by Liquid transfer in or enter in the geometry in particular that is arranged in the tube wall of air inclusion, and shape is that do not soak or wetting, but be elevated to the temperature of more than Leidenfrost point, so liquid can not wetting surface, and the direction arranged in the orientation on the surface by geometry in particular reflection.Such as, the liquid be ejected in this shape along the rotational axis of inverted sombrero (Mexicanhat) shape shape with enough speed has while the release of its external margin from this shape the atomized fuel be reflected back in air stream.The geometric configuration of shape can be by reflection liquid to any configuration in gas flow, thus allows gas flow to take away liquid.Described shape can be one or more, coreflection (co-reflective) or points to any suitable direction.This can be used as the fuel system of an example for explosive motor of application.
Use the non-wetness attributes on surface can be conducive to Liquid transfer in the gas flow of such as air.If carry liquid by injection or other method, to have polygonal cross-section that is symmetrical or other form, or not wetting wall with the pipeline of the circular cross-section of protruding or rib moves with given tangential velocity, so when liquid runs into these reflecting surfaces, all or some liquid can reflex in gas flow from corner or protruding or rib.If only some reflection liquid in any primary event, so in upper once reflection, another part will reflect.This can be used as the fuel system of an example for explosive motor of application.
Use the non-wetness attributes on surface can be conducive to Liquid transfer in the gas flow of such as air.If liquid is transported in the enough hot cavity in such as hole by injection or other method, so while generating steam, liquid will be pushed out outside hole, and enter gas flow.This can be used as the fuel system of an example for explosive motor of application.
Although describe concrete form of the present invention in this manual, will understand, the technician of heat transfer or engineering field can in these areas in some in suitably make change, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (18)
1. a vaporising device, it has bending hot surface and restriction vaporized fluid keeps the device with described hot surface thermo-contact, and the temperature difference between wherein said hot surface and described fluid is close to Leidenfrost point or more than Leidenfrost point, wherein the described device of confined liquid is undertaken by radial acceleration being acted on liquid, described liquid is limited in the pick-up well of the form being arranged to geometry groove, wherein said geometry groove presents curved surface, described curved surface acts on described radial acceleration and axial acceleration and wherein by described Liquid transfer being caused described radial acceleration to the tangential velocity that described pick-up well produces with given speed on described liquid, described radial acceleration forces described liquid to keep and forms the described hot surface thermo-contact of described pick-up well until described vaporizing liquid wherein, and described radial acceleration is combined with described pick-up well and forces described liquid to keep and described hot surface physical contact, make to force described liquid on described hot surface by described radial acceleration.
2. a vaporising device, it has bending hot surface and restriction vaporized fluid keeps the device with described hot surface thermo-contact, and wherein said hot surface is what do not soak for gasifying liquid, wherein the described device of confined liquid is undertaken by radial acceleration being acted on liquid, described liquid is limited in the pick-up well of the form being arranged to geometry groove, wherein said geometry groove presents curved surface, described curved surface acts on described radial acceleration and axial acceleration and wherein by described Liquid transfer being caused described radial acceleration to the tangential velocity that described pick-up well produces with given speed on described liquid, described radial acceleration forces described liquid to keep and forms the described hot surface thermo-contact of described pick-up well until described vaporizing liquid wherein, and described radial acceleration is combined with described pick-up well and forces described liquid to keep and described hot surface physical contact, make to force described liquid on described hot surface by described radial acceleration.
3. a vaporising device, it has bending hot surface and restriction vaporized fluid keeps the device with described hot surface thermo-contact, wherein the described device of confined liquid is undertaken by radial acceleration being acted on liquid, and described hot surface is what do not soak for gasifying liquid, and the liquid that the radial acceleration acted on and the combination of not wetting described hot surface produce very high level evaporates, and wherein by the tangential velocity that described Liquid transfer produces to the pick-up well of the form being arranged to geometry groove being caused described radial acceleration with given speed, wherein said geometry groove presents curved surface, described curved surface acts on described radial acceleration and axial acceleration on described liquid, described radial acceleration forces described liquid to keep and to form the described hot surface thermo-contact of described pick-up well wherein until described vaporizing liquid and described radial acceleration to be combined with described pick-up well and to force described liquid to keep and described hot surface physical contact, make to force described liquid on described hot surface by described radial acceleration.
4. the vaporising device according to any one of claim 1-3, described hot surface has a pick-up well disposed therein or multiple pick-up well.
5. the vaporising device according to any one of claim 1-3, described hot surface has and is arranged at a pick-up well on described hot surface or multiple pick-up well.
6. vaporising device as claimed in claim 4, wherein said pick-up well or multiple pick-up well confined liquid keep and described hot surface thermo-contact.
7. vaporising device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said pick-up well or multiple pick-up well confined liquid keep and described hot surface thermo-contact.
8. vaporising device as claimed in claims 6 or 7, wherein said pick-up well or multiple pick-up well are arranged to the form of V-shaped groove.
9. vaporising device as claimed in claims 6 or 7, wherein said pick-up well or multiple pick-up well are arranged to the form of U-groove bevel.
10. vaporising device as claimed in claims 6 or 7, wherein said pick-up well or multiple pick-up well are arranged to the form of the U-groove bevel of square rim.
11. vaporising devices according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein said hot surface is the curved surface with constant radius of curvature.
12. vaporising devices according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein said hot surface is the curved surface of the vicissitudinous radius of curvature of tool.
13. vaporising devices as claimed in claims 6 or 7, wherein said pick-up well or multiple pick-up well are arranged to the form of concentric geometry groove.
14. vaporising devices as claimed in claims 6 or 7, wherein said pick-up well or multiple pick-up well are arranged to the form of eccentric geometry groove.
15. vaporising devices according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein said geometry groove follows the path or track defined.
16. vaporising devices according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein said geometry groove follows spiral path or track.
17. vaporising devices as claimed in claim 1, wherein due to the temperature difference between described hot surface and liquid, described hot surface is what do not soak for gasifying liquid.
18. vaporising devices as claimed in claims 6 or 7, wherein liquid is limited in given spatial position by described pick-up well or multiple pick-up well, makes the liquid vapour spread become gas in described position.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2006901442 | 2006-03-21 | ||
| AU2006901442A AU2006901442A0 (en) | 2006-03-21 | Liquid vapourization system | |
| PCT/AU2007/000330 WO2007106930A1 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2007-03-20 | Liquid or liquified gas vaporization system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101449049A CN101449049A (en) | 2009-06-03 |
| CN101449049B true CN101449049B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
Family
ID=38521936
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200780018424.9A Expired - Fee Related CN101449049B (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2007-03-20 | Liquid or liquified gas vaporization system |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090205587A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2004981A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2009530532A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20090005021A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101449049B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2007229314A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007106930A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5560131B2 (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2014-07-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel supply device |
| JP5917836B2 (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2016-05-18 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | Fuel supply device for internal combustion engine |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6820864B2 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2004-11-23 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel vaporization promoting apparatus and fuel carburetion accelerator |
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| DE2356229C3 (en) * | 1973-11-10 | 1981-01-29 | Shigetake Kawasaki Kanagawa Tamai (Japan) | Truncated cone-shaped atomizer nozzle having radial gas channels |
| US3887135A (en) * | 1973-11-15 | 1975-06-03 | Shigetake Tamai | Gas-atomizing nozzle by spirally rotating gas stream |
| US4087050A (en) * | 1975-09-18 | 1978-05-02 | Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Swirl type pressure fuel atomizer |
| JPS582323B2 (en) * | 1976-06-09 | 1983-01-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | liquid fuel combustion equipment |
| US4260110A (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1981-04-07 | Winfried Werding | Spray nozzle, devices containing the same and apparatus for making such devices |
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2007
- 2007-03-20 KR KR20087025655A patent/KR20090005021A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-03-20 CN CN200780018424.9A patent/CN101449049B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-03-20 JP JP2009500661A patent/JP2009530532A/en active Pending
- 2007-03-20 EP EP07718579A patent/EP2004981A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-03-20 US US12/293,848 patent/US20090205587A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-20 AU AU2007229314A patent/AU2007229314A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-20 WO PCT/AU2007/000330 patent/WO2007106930A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6820864B2 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2004-11-23 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel vaporization promoting apparatus and fuel carburetion accelerator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2009530532A (en) | 2009-08-27 |
| KR20090005021A (en) | 2009-01-12 |
| CN101449049A (en) | 2009-06-03 |
| AU2007229314A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
| US20090205587A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| EP2004981A4 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| WO2007106930A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
| EP2004981A1 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
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