CN101442281A - 光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法及其装置 - Google Patents
光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法及其装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101442281A CN101442281A CNA2008102343161A CN200810234316A CN101442281A CN 101442281 A CN101442281 A CN 101442281A CN A2008102343161 A CNA2008102343161 A CN A2008102343161A CN 200810234316 A CN200810234316 A CN 200810234316A CN 101442281 A CN101442281 A CN 101442281A
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy
Abstract
本发明涉及一种利用太阳能的方法及其装置，是光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法及其装置，包括至少一个CPC复合抛物面聚光镜，每一个CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的底面设有由硅光电池单体组装并封装好的带有连接导线的硅光电池组件，CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的下方紧密结合有热交换装置，热交换装置的周边设有保温材料。通过CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的聚光反射，光经反射聚集后全部集中在硅光电池组件工作面上以提高光电效率，在CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的下方采用热交换装置有效地降低硅光电池组件工作面的工作温度，提高光电池转换效率和输出功率，通过热交换装置进行热交换后的冷却介质又可得到利用，使太阳能的热能得到有效利用。
Description
光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法及其装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用太阳能的方法及其装置，具体的说是光电光 热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法及其装置。 背景技术
太阳能光伏发电是可再生能源的重要组成部分。但目前光伏电池 组建能商品化的产品以单、多晶硅系列产品为主，光电转换率低，一
般只有12〜15%，高的18%左右。光伏电池的实际光电转换率还要低 很多。
硅光电池发电成本高，光电转换效率低，可以通过以下几个措施 来改善：第一个是改变硅光电池本身的品质；第二个是利用太阳能跟 踪的方法；第三个是能过聚光反射的方法。限制硅光电转换效率提高 的主要技术障碍是：电池表面栅线和电池表面复合损失等。要提高硅 光电池本身光电转换效率很难。当今，国内外研究人员曾试图利用聚 光反射增加光电池表面的光幅照强度来提高光电池的光电转换效率， 但由于随着幅照强度的增加，光电池的表面工作温度将同步增加，使 电池的开路电压降低，致使光电转换效率不能同步增加，至今有关降 低光电池组件表面工作温度的研究尚不能商品化、产业化。在光热利 用上，虽然涌现不少关于太阳能研究和实践，但光热、光电的同步转 换在概念和实践上都未有进展，极待突破。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：针对以上现有技术存在的缺点， 提出一种可增加硅光电池组件工作面的辐照强度，有效降低硅光电池组件表面的工作温度，成倍提高硅光电池的光电转换效率，使太阳能 的热能得到有效利用的光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法及 其装置。
本发明解决以上技术问题的技术方案是：
光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1) 利用CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的聚光反射增加硅光电池表面的 光幅照强度，使硅光电池的光电转换效率提高；
(2) 在CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的下方采用循环的冷却介质降低硅 光电池工作面的温度，使硅光电池工作面的温度保持在正常工作温度 范围之内；
(3) 将换热后的冷却介质存储后进行工业或生活利用，达到光电、 光热同体同步转换，高效利用太阳能的目的。
光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的装置，包括至少一个CPC复 合抛物面聚光镜，每一个CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的底面设有由硅光电 池单体组装并封装好的带有连接导线的硅光电池组件，CPC复合抛物 面聚光镜的下方紧密结合有热交换装置，热交换装置的周边设有保温 材料。
热交换装置为换热片、换热管或换热盒。CPC复合抛物面聚光镜 的聚光比是3〜8。 CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的上方和侧面设有连接为一 体的玻璃板，可以保护CPC复合抛物面聚光镜和硅光电池组件表面不 被污染。CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的抛物面由金属板、塑料板、玻璃、 玻璃钢压制而成，或由陶瓷、粘土坯烧结模压而成。
通过CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的聚光反射，光经反射聚集后全部集 中在硅光电池组件工作面上以提高光电效率，高效利用太阳能。通过 CPC复合抛物面聚光镜反射增加硅光电池组件辐射强度同时，硅光电池组件表面工作温度增加，开路电压下降，在CPC复合抛物面聚光镜
的下方采用热交换装置有效地降低硅光电池组件工作面的工作温度， 提高光电池转换效率和输出功率，通过热交换装置进行热交换后的冷 却介质又可得到利用，使太阳能的热能得到有效利用。
本发明的优点是：本发明通过光电、光热结合，利用CPC复合抛 物面聚光反射，增加硅光电池组件的幅照强度，并通过热交换装置， 利用冷却介质对硅光电池组件表面冷却降温，从而成倍增加了硅光电 池组件工作面的辐照强度，有效降低了硅光电池组件表面的工作温 度，不但成倍提高硅光电池组件的光电转换效率，同时还使太阳能的 热能得到有效利用，达到光电、光热同体同步转换，高效利用太阳能 的目的。本发明的优点具体为：（l)采用CPC复合抛物面聚光镜反射增 加硅光电池组件的光辐照强度，CPC聚光镜无须跟踪，结构简单，成
本低廉，并有效成倍的降低了硅光电池的用量，减少了发电成本；（2) 在CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的下方采用热交换装置，并采用水或气等循 环冷却介质，有效降低了硅光电池组件工作面的工作温度，大大提高 硅光电池组件转换效率和输出功率，从而降低了投资成本，提高了光 电利用的经济效益，有利于硅光电池的推广应用；（3)拓展了硅光电池 的应用领域，本发明可代替砖、瓦应用住宅建筑的屋面和墙体，可若 干组件串、并联组成光伏电站方阵，也可组件单元应用直接作为电源， 实现了住宅建筑利用太阳能同步同体供电供热的目标。 附图说明
图1是本发明向阳面的结构示意图。 图2是本发明背阳面的结构示意图。 图3是本发明的侧视图。 具体实施方式实施例一
本实施例是光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法及其装置， 本发明的光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法包括以下步骤：
(1) 利用CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的聚光反射增加硅光电池表面的 光幅照强度，通过CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的聚光反射，光经反射聚集 后全部集中在硅光电池组件工作面上，使硅光电池的光电转换效率提 高；
(2) 在CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的下方采用循环的冷却介质降低硅 光电池工作面的温度，使硅光电池工作面的温度保持在正常工作温度 范围之内，冷却介质可以是气或水，即采用气冷或水冷的方式使硅光 电池工作面的温度得到降低，不至于使硅光电池工作面的温度不断提 高而导致光电转换效率降低；
(3) 将换热后的冷却介质存储后进行工业或生活利用，例如加热后 的水可以用于人们的日常生活，使太阳能的热能得到有效利用，达到 光电、光热同体同步转换，高效利用太阳能的目的。
本实施例的光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的装置的向阳面 的结构如图1所示，图2是其背阳面的结构示意图，图3是其侧视图。 光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的装置由多个CPC复合抛物面聚 光镜1组成，每一个CPC复合抛物面聚光镜1的底面都设有硅光电池 组件2, CPC复合抛物面聚光镜1的聚光比是3〜8，硅光电池组件2 由硅光电池单体组装并封装好，其带有连接导线，用于连接蓄电池等， 用于发电。CPC复合抛物面聚光镜1的下方紧密结合有热交换装置3， 本实施例的热交换装置是循环水管4，上方接有进水管，下方接有出 水管，在循环水管4的周边设有保温材料5，起到保温作用。CPC复 合抛物面聚光镜l的上方和侧面设有连接为一体的玻璃板6，可以保护CPC复合抛物面聚光镜1和硅光电池组件2表面不被污染。CPC复 合抛物面聚光镜1的抛物面由金属板、塑料板、玻璃、玻璃钢压制而 成，或由陶瓷、粘土坯烧结模压而成，上面涂有反光材料。
本实施例的光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的装置在具体使 用时，通过CPC复合抛物面聚光镜1的聚光反射，光经反射聚集后全 部集中在硅光电池组件2工作面上以提高光电效率，高效利用太阳 能。通过CPC复合抛物面聚光镜1反射增加硅光电池组件2辐射强度 同时，硅光电池组件2表面工作温度增加，开路电压下降，在CPC复 合抛物面聚光镜1的下方采用循环水管4有效地降低硅光电池组件2 工作面的工作温度，提高光电池转换效率和输出功率，通过热交换后 的水又可得到利用，使太阳能的热能得到有效利用，达到光电、光热 同体同步转换，高效利用太阳能的目的。
本发明还可以有其它实施方式，凡采用同等替换或等效变换形成 的技术方案均落在本发明要求保护的范围之内。
Claims (7)
1. 光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：(1)利用CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的聚光反射增加硅光电池表面的光幅照强度，使硅光电池的光电转换效率提高；(2)在CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的下方采用循环的冷却介质降低硅光电池工作面的温度，使硅光电池工作面的温度保持在正常工作温度范围之内；(3)将换热后的冷却介质存储后进行工业或生活利用。
2. 如权利要求1所述的光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方 法，其特征在于：所述冷却介质是固态、液态或气态。
3. 如权利要求1所述的光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方 法的装置，其特征在于：包括至少一个CPC复合抛物面聚光镜，所述每一个CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的底面设有由硅光电池单体组装并封 装好的带有连接导线的硅光电池组件，所述CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的 下方紧密结合有热交换装置，所述热交换装置的周边设有保温材料。
4. 如权利要求3所述的光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方 法的装置，其特征在于：所述热交换装置为换热片、换热管或换热盒。
5. 如权利要求3所述的光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法的装置，其特征在于：所述CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的聚光比是3〜8。
6. 如权利要求3所述的光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方 法的装置，其特征在于：所述CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的上方和侧面设 有连接为一体的玻璃板。
7.如权利要求3所述的光电光热同体同步转换利用太阳能的方法的装置，其特征在于：所述CPC复合抛物面聚光镜的抛物面由金属板、塑料板、玻璃、玻璃钢压制而成，或由陶瓷、粘土坯烧结模压而成。
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| CN101938226A (zh) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-01-05 | 马人乐 | 双效集聚太阳能黑管 |
| CN102200627A (zh) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-28 | 宏远有限公司 | 光源收集器结构 |
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| CN102200627A (zh) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-28 | 宏远有限公司 | 光源收集器结构 |
| CN101938226A (zh) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-01-05 | 马人乐 | 双效集聚太阳能黑管 |
| CN101938226B (zh) * | 2010-03-26 | 2012-07-25 | 马人乐 | 双效集聚太阳能黑管 |
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