CN101408899A - Method and apparatus for switching website multiple data sources - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for switching website multiple data sources Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for switching website multiple data sources. The method comprises the following steps: searching a mapping relation between a request parameter and a data source identification to obtain the data source identification corresponding to the request parameter in an access request; initializing a context of the access request and writing the obtained data source identification in the context; calling a data source switching module to obtain the data source identification from the context and obtaining a corresponding connection pool of a database server from a switching strategy according to the data source identification; and obtaining database connection from the connection pool of the database server, switching an access to the corresponding database and executing the access to the database. The invention further discloses a website multiple data source switching device which allocates data source resources by centralized data source connection management, which greatly reduces the number of the desired database connections in the database server; moreover, the website multiple data source switching device can timely and dynamically allocate available database resources, thus reducing the waste of the resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the establishment and the maintenance technology of website, relate in particular to a kind of website multiple data sources switching method and apparatus.
Background technology
At present, deep development along with Internet technology, especially the high speed development of IT application in enterprises, enterprise has realized that relying on the internet makes personalized EIP website, with this recommend oneself, the importance of promoting the sale of products, and then the demand that makes enterprise rely on to set up the IT application in enterprises door in the internet is more and more widely.
Existing Web Hosting scheme can be connected by its database of each website independent maintenance for each website provides exclusive database usually, to improve the security and the maintainability of website data.In the attended operation that database connects, can adopt the connection pool technology usually, be each website and be pre-created a collection of database and connect to form database connection pool, and the database in the database connection pool connected manage; When application program uses a database connection, be not really to close this database to connect, but this database is returned in the database connection pool, thereby make other database access operation can continue to use this database to connect, do not connect and do not need to create again new database.Use the benefit of connection pool to be, it can improve the efficient of database access operation, and is more consuming time because frequent opening and closing database connects.
Yet because the user capture website has certain randomness, the user of a possible interior visit of a period of time in website is many, and another section almost do not have the user of visit in the period.If independent database connection pool is all set up in each website, then at the calling party of website more for a long time, can cause the database connection resource anxiety of this website; Seldom the time, can cause the database connection resource free time of this website at the calling party of website; Also promptly can not in time adjust the distribution of resource according to user's visit situation, this can cause the waste of resource to a certain extent.In addition, because the maximum number of connections of separate unit database server is limited, therefore be each website maintenance independent database connection pool, be unfavorable for the large scale deployment of website, for example: a database server has the ability of disposing 100 home Web sites, if application program is safeguarded the independent database connection pool respectively for each website, and comprise in each database connection pool that a plurality of databases connect, the connection sum of this database server will rise by straight line so, the restriction that exceeds maximum number of connections, this is that database server is unaffordable.
In addition, the mode of traditional solution visit multi-data source can be improved in the aspect of DAO, this improved procedure generally can be encapsulated in the logic that data source is selected in the base class of DAO, and require other DAO in the system to inherit this base class, and inherit is a kind of more intense dependence, and concerning the developer, also increased the constraint when writing code.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of website multiple data sources switching method and apparatus, to solve the problem that existing site databases connection management causes the wasting of resources.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The invention provides a kind of website multiple data source switch method, this method may further comprise the steps:
A, the mapping relations between required parameter and the data source identification are searched, obtain with request of access in the corresponding data source identification of required parameter;
B, the context of described request of access is carried out initialization, and the data source identification of obtaining is write in the initialized context;
The data source identification that C, basis are obtained switches to corresponding database with visit, and carries out described access of database.
Described step C comprises:
C1, call data source switching module and from described context, obtain described data source identification, and obtain the connection pool of corresponding database server according to described data source identification from switchover policy;
C2, from the connection pool of described database server, obtain database and connect, visit is switched to corresponding database, and carry out described access of database.
Further comprise before the described steps A:, and set up mapping relations between described request parameter and the described data source identification for different databases is provided with different data source identification respectively.
By the mode of blocker, adopt interception assembly to tackle described request of access.
This method further comprises: according to described switchover policy, when visit need be switched between database server, according to the mapping relations of required parameter and database server sign, obtain with request of access in the corresponding database server sign of required parameter; And find the connection pool of corresponding database server according to described database server sign, and then from described database connection pool, obtain corresponding database and connect, utilize the database that obtains to connect visit is switched to corresponding database.
Described mapping relations are the data structure of key-value pair.
The present invention also provides a kind of website multiple data sources switching device shifter, comprising: data source identification acquisition module, data source identification are transmitted module, multi-data source handover module, multi-data source switchover policy module and multi-data source handover configuration module; Wherein,
Described data source identification acquisition module is used for obtaining and the corresponding data source identification of the required parameter of request of access according to the mapping relations of required parameter and data source identification; Also be used for the context of request of access is carried out initialization, and the data source identification of obtaining is write in the context;
Data source identification is transmitted module, connects described data source identification acquisition module, and the data source identification that is used for being obtained passes to described multidata handover module;
The multi-data source handover module connects described data source identification and transmits module, is used to carry out the actual blocked operation of data source;
Multi-data source switchover policy module connects described multi-data source handover module, is used for the mapping relations of package request parameter and data source identification, and the mapping relations of data source identification and database server sign, uses for other modules;
The multi-data source handover configuration module connects described multi-data source handover module and described multi-data source switchover policy module, is used for disposition data source handover module and multi-data source switchover policy module, uses for described blocked operation.
Described data source switchover policy module is a kind of pluggable structure, and switchover policy is specified in system by the mode of configuration file.
Described mapping relations are the data structure of key-value pair.
A kind of website multiple data sources switching method and apparatus provided by the present invention, when the data source of website is managed, use the mode unified management database level of concentrating else to connect use, promptly set up a big database connection pool at the application program end, this connection pool can provide service for the many home Web sites on same the database server.Centralized database connection management makes the database that needs on the database server connect sum and significantly reduces; And the database resource that can use of dynamic assignment has reduced the waste of resource in time.Owing to do not need to safeguard independent connection pool respectively for each website again, also improved the maintainability of system, reduced staff's workload.
In addition, device of the present invention is fully transparent to the developer, the developer does not need to realize specific interface, perhaps inherit specific base class, so both reduced the constraint when writing code, and also increased the dirigibility of using multi-data source, the developer can be according to the needs of practical application, whether use multi-data source by selection of configuration, and do not need the code of using is made amendment.The multi-data source switchover policy module that device of the present invention is introduced is a kind of pluggable structure, and switchover policy can be specified in system by the mode of configuration file; The user can define new switchover policy according to actual needs, and can system not impacted, thereby has also increased the dirigibility that multi-data source switches.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a kind of website multiple data source switch method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the composition structural representation of a kind of website multiple data sources switching device shifter of the present invention.
Embodiment
The technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
When the present invention manages in the data source to the website, adopt the mode unified management database level of concentrating else to connect use, also promptly set up a big database connection pool, make this connection pool provide service for the many home Web sites on same the database server at the application program end.As shown in Figure 1, a kind of website multiple data source switch method provided by the present invention mainly may further comprise the steps:
When the user needs access websites, send request of access to application server by client; Application server obtains the mapping relations between required parameter and data source identification and the corresponding data source identification of this required parameter according to the required parameter in the request of access.This shows, the present invention needs for each different database in the database server different data source identification to be set respectively in advance, and need to safeguard mapping relations between the data source identification of required parameter and reality, promptly can from request of access, obtain the required parameter of needs, and this required parameter is obtained actual data source identification through mapping.Wherein, required parameter can be domain name or other available parameter of website.
It is pointed out that the present invention can adopt request of access and the data therefrom source sign of interception assembly interception from the user by the mode of blocker, the mechanism of blocker is the prior art in the JAVA EE system, repeats no more herein.In addition, the foundation of mapping relations can be adopted a kind of data structure of key-value pair among the present invention, and wherein, key is the required parameter that obtains from request of access, is worth to be data source identification.
In addition, because on application service provider's platform, the needs that dynamic increase website and deletion website are arranged, therefore the mapping relations between required parameter and the data source identification need be supported to dynamically update among the present invention, and promptly the mapping relations between required parameter and the data source identification need dynamically update along with the increase of website and deletion.The data structure of corresponding key-value pair, the present invention need set up the administrative mechanism of mapping relations on the data structure of key-value pair, and realize mapping relations dynamically update, optimize function such as visit.Mapping relations are carried out initialization operation when application server starts.
Application server need pass to data source identification the connecting object of database device after obtaining data source identification.Usually, the transmission of parameter need influence the signature of method, mainly is the parameter list that influences method, and the parameter here comprises data source identification certainly.Program development generally can be used the structure of layering, as presentation layer, operation layer and persistent layer etc.If directly increase parameter in the signature of method, the code of the many levels in the then above-mentioned hierarchy all needs to make amendment; And if a plurality of methods in the same layer identification code all need data access operation, so a plurality of methods all need to add relevant parameter, and this mode can have a strong impact on the maintainability of system.
Therefore, adopt a kind of context mechanism in the present invention, environment when so-called context is meant operation, contextual reach be thread-level other, the thread that each request of access all is employed on the server in the system is handled, so each request of access all has one's own context, context carries out initialization in interception assembly, and the data source identification of being obtained is set in context.In the method call storehouse of handling a request of access, can obtain the context of current thread, need in a plurality of method signatures, not show systematic parameters such as Data transmission source, ground sign.This shows, adopt context mechanism that the maintainability of system is improved.Further, if other system environments parameter is arranged, also can in context, expand.
Among the present invention, different switchover policy can be set according to actual needs, and switchover policy can be safeguarded dynamically.The present invention both can support to visit between a plurality of databases of same database server switches, also can support to visit between a plurality of databases of disparate databases server and switch, the latter is the optional preferred embodiment of the present invention, can be configured according to application scenarios; Promptly adopt the system of this method that a plurality of database servers can be arranged, each database server can have a plurality of databases again.Whether system can switch between a plurality of database servers according to the switchover policy decision of configuration during operation, and system carries out independently connection pool management for each database server.According to switchover policy, when needs carry out switching between database server, based on context the data source identification in obtains the database server sign of current site correspondence, can from the container of system, obtain the connection pool of correspondence database server by this database server sign, thereby reach other switching of database server level.
Accordingly, need the mapping relations of service data source sign and database server sign among the present invention, a kind of data structure of key-value pair is used in the foundation of mapping relations, and wherein key is a data source identification, is worth to be the database server sign.On this data structure, set up the administrative mechanism of mapping relations, and realize dynamically updating and optimizing function such as visit of mapping relations.When carrying out the switching between database server,, obtain and the corresponding database server sign of data source identification according to the mapping relations of data source identification and database server sign; And find the connection pool of corresponding database server according to database server sign, and then from the connection pool of database server, obtain associated databases and connect, utilize the database that obtains to connect visit is switched to corresponding database.
From context, obtaining data source identification, and after obtaining the connection pool of the pairing database server of request of access, application program switches to corresponding data source with visit, and carry out visit data source.Data source switching module with persistent layer mutual in, bear the role who connects the supplier, it need be provided to the connection of target data source for persistent layer.Data source switching module has realized the data source interface of standard in the JAVA EE technical system, and it can use in all standard compliant JAVA application servers.Among the present invention, data source switching module and data access framework do not have strong dependence.Data source switching module is the teamworker of DAO, and it does not rely on concrete data access framework.The data access framework only depends on the interface definition that connects the supplier, can determine whether to use the multi-data source changeover module according to actual needs.The data access framework is by the cooperation relation of XML (extensible Markup Language) (XML, Extensible Markup Language) configuration file maintenance with data source switching module.When data source switching module obtains the database connection from the connection pool of underlying database server, the data source of this database connection correspondence of resetting, be actually the data source identification that to use and inform database server by the database connection, be equivalent to carry out the structured query sentence (SQL, Structured Query Language) in a switch data storehouse in the database rank.After finishing the data source switching, data source switching module connects database gives the persistent layer of application program.
Above step has been finished the switching of multi-data source, and the data access logic of practical business does not need to revise fully, and the switching application programs that also is data source is fully transparent.The application developer can develop according to the mode of common application, is needing under the scene of multi-data source, and data source switching module is enabled in configuration.After persistent layer is finished data access, connection is returned to centralized connection pool, this connection can continue on for the visit of other data source, thereby reaches higher efficient.
For realizing above-mentioned website multiple data source switch method, the present invention also provides a kind of website multiple data sources switching device shifter, as shown in Figure 2, this device comprises: data source identification acquisition module 10, data source identification are transmitted module 20, multi-data source handover module 30, multi-data source switchover policy module 40, multi-data source handover configuration module 50.
Wherein, data source identification acquisition module 10, the request of access that is used to tackle the user, according to the mapping relations of required parameter and data source identification obtain with request of access in the corresponding data source identification of required parameter; Finish the contextual initialization of thread rank, and systematic parameters such as data source identification are inserted in the context, use for other module.
Data source identification is transmitted module 20, connects data source identifier acquisition module 10, is used for being responsible for the transmission work of contextual information, passes to multi-data source handover module 30.Owing to adopt context mechanism, data source identification is transmitted module 20 does not need to revise application program with showing when increasing systematic parameter method signature, can improve the maintainability of system.
Multi-data source handover module 30 connects data source identification and transmits module 20, is used to carry out the actual blocked operation of data source, other switching of supporting database server rank and database level.Can safeguard by configuration-system.
Multi-data source switchover policy module 40, connect multi-data source handover module 30, the mapping relations that are used for encapsulation of data source sign and required parameter, and the mapping relations of data source identification and database server sign can customize and expand different mapping rulers according to the needs of actual conditions.
Multi-data source handover configuration module 50, connect multi-data source handover module 30 and multi-data source switchover policy module 40, be used for disposition data source handover module 30 and multi-data source switchover policy module 40, use for blocked operation, to satisfy the needs of different application scene.
In sum, a kind of website multiple data sources switching method and apparatus provided by the present invention when the data source of website is managed, uses other connection of mode unified management database level of concentrating.Centralized database connection management makes the database that needs on the database server connect sum and significantly reduces; And the database resource that can use of dynamic assignment has reduced the waste of resource in time.In addition,, also improved the maintainability of system, reduced staff's workload owing to do not need to safeguard independent connection pool respectively for each website again.
In addition, device of the present invention is fully transparent to the developer, the developer does not need to realize specific interface, perhaps inherit specific base class, so both reduced the constraint when writing code, and also increased the dirigibility of using multi-data source, the developer can be according to the needs of practical application, whether use multi-data source by selection of configuration, and do not need the code of using is made amendment.The multi-data source switchover policy module that device of the present invention is introduced is a kind of pluggable structure, and switchover policy can be specified in system by the mode of configuration file; The user can define new switchover policy according to actual needs, and increasing configuration information by configuration file can use, and can system not impacted, thereby has also increased the dirigibility that multi-data source switches.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of website multiple data source switch method is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps:
A, the mapping relations between required parameter and the data source identification are searched, obtain with request of access in the corresponding data source identification of required parameter;
B, the context of described request of access is carried out initialization, and the data source identification of obtaining is write in the initialized context;
The data source identification that C, basis are obtained switches to corresponding database with visit, and carries out described access of database.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step C comprises:
C1, call data source switching module and from described context, obtain described data source identification, and obtain the connection pool of corresponding database server according to described data source identification from switchover policy;
C2, from the connection pool of described database server, obtain database and connect, visit is switched to corresponding database, and carry out described access of database.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises before the described steps A: for different databases is provided with different data source identification respectively, and set up mapping relations between described request parameter and the described data source identification.
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, by the mode of blocker, adopts interception assembly to tackle described request of access.
5, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this method further comprises: according to described switchover policy, when visit need be switched between database server, according to the mapping relations of required parameter and database server sign, obtain with request of access in the corresponding database server sign of required parameter; And find the connection pool of corresponding database server according to described database server sign, and then from described database connection pool, obtain corresponding database and connect, utilize the database that obtains to connect visit is switched to corresponding database.
According to arbitrary described method in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that 6, described mapping relations are the data structure of key-value pair.
7, a kind of website multiple data sources switching device shifter is characterized in that, comprising: data source identification acquisition module, data source identification are transmitted module, multi-data source handover module, multi-data source switchover policy module and multi-data source handover configuration module; Wherein,
Described data source identification acquisition module is used for obtaining and the corresponding data source identification of the required parameter of request of access according to the mapping relations of required parameter and data source identification; Also be used for the context of request of access is carried out initialization, and the data source identification of obtaining is write in the context;
Data source identification is transmitted module, connects described data source identification acquisition module, and the data source identification that is used for being obtained passes to described multidata handover module;
The multi-data source handover module connects described data source identification and transmits module, is used to carry out the actual blocked operation of data source;
Multi-data source switchover policy module connects described multi-data source handover module, is used for the mapping relations of package request parameter and data source identification, and the mapping relations of data source identification and database server sign, uses for other modules;
The multi-data source handover configuration module connects described multi-data source handover module and described multi-data source switchover policy module, is used for disposition data source handover module and multi-data source switchover policy module, uses for described blocked operation.
8, website multiple data sources switching device shifter according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described data source switchover policy module is a kind of pluggable structure, and switchover policy is specified in system by the mode of configuration file.
9, website multiple data sources switching device shifter according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described mapping relations are the data structure of key-value pair.
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2008
- 2008-11-21 CN CN2008102269712A patent/CN101408899B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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