CN101392396B - Process for forming peak-like convex nickel coating on surface of metal substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surface treatment, in particular to a preparation process of forming peak-shaped raised nickel plating on the surface of a metallic substrate; the preparation process is characterized in that: the following weight portions of materials: 200 to 380 portions of NiSO4.6H2O, 320 to 500 portions of NiCl2.6H2O, 50 to 100 portions of NaH2PO2.H2O and 100 to300 portions of H3BO3 are adopted to prepare into a basic plating solution; 2 to 5 portions of sodium benzene sulfanate and 5-8 portions of sulfanilic acid are mixed into a minus leveling agent; the minus leveling agent are added into the basic plating solution to prepare finished plating solution; and an electrolytic nickel sheet is used as the anode and the to-be-plated metal substrate as the cathode for the electroplating. Compared with the prior art, the technique is simple and the obtained Ni plated layer has the advantages of obvious peak-shaped raised surface shape, good compactness and excellent combination with the substrate.

Description

Form the preparation technology of peak-like convex nickel coating at metal base surface

[technical field]

The invention belongs to the performance processing technology field, a kind of specifically preparation technology who forms peak-like convex nickel coating at metal base surface.

[technical background]

Electroplate and be called galvanic deposit again, be under the effect of DC electric field, constituting the loop by anode, negative electrode and electrolyte solution (plating bath), make the solution metal ion deposition to the lip-deep process of negative electrode plating piece, is one of main method that obtains at material surface metal plating.

Generally, electroplate the means as material surface modifying, main application is to improve the solidity to corrosion and/or the wear resistance of body material, or is to make body material obtain certain decorative effect.Therefore, most electroplating technologies require to obtain having the coating of uniform thickness on matrix.

In order to improve the homogeneity of thickness of coating, generally adopt the processing method that in plating bath, adds leveling agent.Its principle is after adding leveling agent, and the current density of the recess on the electrode surface will be greater than the current density of convex protrusion place, and this moment is in the thickness of coating of the recess thickness of coating greater than convex protrusion place.Studies show that to have only on electrode, to adsorb and electrodeposition process is played the additive that resistance turns usefulness into just to have the leveling effect; The leveling ability of additive is closely related with its cathodic polarization ability, has only the additive that increases cathodic polarization just might play the leveling effect, has negative leveling effect and reduce the polar material.

Occupy above-mentioned principle, can adopt to change the plating bath essentially consist, strengthen chlorine ion concentration, add suitable additive, adjust the methods such as distance between negative electrode and the anode, obtain a kind of coating of peak-like convex shape characteristic, and become a kind of method for preparing double metallic composite material.Usually at this second kind of metal of matrix surface deposition with peak-like convex, can adopt technologies such as soldering, surfacing, compound casting or powder metallurgy, compare with these technologies, the present invention has that technological operation is simple, low temperature is synthetic, the characteristics of wide accommodation.

[summary of the invention]

The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the nickel plating solution that adopts unique component to form, and in plating bath, add an amount of negative leveling additive, under suitable electroplating technical conditions, a kind of nickel coating of preparation on steel and other metallic matrixes with peak-like convex shape characteristic, and become a kind of method for preparing double metallic composite material.

For achieving the above object, design a kind of preparation technology, it is characterized in that: (1) basic plating bath preparation: take by weighing raw material NiSO according to following ratio of weight and number at metal base surface formation peak-like convex nickel coating ₄6H ₂O200～380 part, NiCl ₂6H ₂O320～500 part, NaH ₂PO ₂H ₂O50～100 part, H ₃BO ₃100～300 parts, above-mentioned each raw material umber adds up to 1000 parts, joins then in 1000 parts of water, carries out magnetic agitation to evenly under 80 ℃, obtains blended basis plating bath; (2) negative leveling agent configuration; 2～5 parts of benzene sulfinic acid sodium salts, 5～8 parts of Sulphanilic Acid, perhaps 4～10 parts of benzene sulfinic acid sodium salts, 10～16 parts of Sulphanilic Acid are stand-by after mixing; (3) finished plating solution configuration: the negative leveling agent that will prepare joins in the basic plating bath for 20 parts, obtains finished plating solution; (4) plating pre-treatment: the metal substrate preprocess is become concavo-convex pattern, and carry out the clean and activation treatment of electricity; (5) plating: employing purity surpasses 99.9% electrolytic nickel sheet as anode, and metal substrate to be plated is electroplated as negative electrode, and galvanized current density is 2.5～10A/dm ², the distance between anode and the negative electrode is 3～15mm, bath pH value 3.5～5.0, and temperature is 45～65 ℃.

Described plating is direct current electrode position or pulse plating.

Described metallic matrix comprises various steel and other metals of plane and curved surface pattern.

Compared with prior art, technology of the present invention is simple, and gained Ni coating has significant peak-like convex shape characteristic, and the coating densification, with substrate good combination is arranged.

[embodiment]

Below the invention will be further described.

Embodiment 1

With NiSO ₄6H ₂O300g, NiCl ₂6H ₂O500g, NaH ₂PO ₂H ₂O50g, H ₃BO ₃150g joins in the 1000ml water, carries out magnetic agitation under 80 ℃, obtains basic plating bath after stirring; Taking by weighing benzene sulfinic acid sodium salt 10g in the container in addition, Sulphanilic Acid 10g mixes and makes negative leveling agent; It is joined in the above-mentioned basic plating bath, continue to stir the finished plating solution that plating bath 30min is uniformly mixed.With having carried out carbon steel coupon ultrasonic cleaning 15min in acetone soln that concave-convex surface is handled in advance, take out with after the washed with de-ionized water, in 10%HCl solution, behind the processing 1min, rinse well repeatedly with deionized water.Adopt sheet nickel as anode.Insert in the pole plate fixed support handling clean yin, yang pole plate, guarantee that positive plate and negative plate keep the constant distance of 5mm and parallel relative in electroplating process; Plating tank is put into the electric heating constant temperature water-bath, adjust electroplate liquid to 60 ℃.Steel disc (negative electrode) and electrolytic nickel (anode) are inserted constant current power supply, and being adjusted to cathode current density is 3A/dm ²Behind the plating 240min, the steel disc taking-up is cleaned up with clear water.Obtain the significant nickel coating of concavo-convex pattern at last on the carbon steel coupon surface.

Embodiment 2

With NiSO ₄6H ₂O280g, NiCl ₂6H ₂O450g, NaH ₂PO ₂H ₂O70g, H ₃BO ₃200g joins in the 1000ml water, carries out magnetic agitation at 80 ℃ and obtains basic plating bath; Taking by weighing benzene sulfinic acid sodium salt 12g in the container in addition, Sulphanilic Acid 8g mixes and makes negative leveling agent, will bear leveling agent and join in the above-mentioned basic plating bath, continues to stir the finished plating solution that plating bath 30min is uniformly mixed.With having carried out copper sheet ultrasonic cleaning 15min in acetone soln that concave-convex surface is handled in advance, take out with after the washed with de-ionized water, in 10%HCI solution, rinse well repeatedly with deionized water behind the processing 1min.Adopt sheet nickel as anode.Insert in the pole plate fixed support handling clean yin, yang pole plate, guarantee that positive plate and negative plate keep the constant distance of 3mm and parallel relative in electroplating process; Plating tank is put into the electric heating constant temperature water-bath, adjust electroplate liquid to 60 ℃.Carbon steel coupon (negative electrode) and electrolytic nickel (anode) are inserted constant current power supply, and being adjusted to cathode current density is 2.5A/dm ²Behind the plating 240min, the steel disc taking-up is cleaned up with clear water.Obtain the significant nickel coating of concavo-convex pattern at last on the steel disc surface.

Embodiment 3

Electroplate liquid formulation, plating pre-treatment, plating technology parameter are with embodiment 1, and the steel disc among the embodiment 1 changes Φ 12 carbon steels into, and carry out annular knurl at the rod iron outside surface and handle.Anode is used sheet nickel instead and is prepared into Φ 20 tubuloses.Cathode steel bar is placed the anode tube center, carry out plating according to the electroplating technology identical with embodiment 1 after, obtain the significant nickel coating of concavo-convex pattern at the rod iron outside surface at last.

Claims (2)

1. the preparation technology at metal base surface formation peak-like convex nickel coating is characterized in that: (1) basic plating bath preparation: take by weighing raw material NiSO according to following ratio of weight and number ₄6H ₂200～380 parts of O, NiCl ₂6H ₂320～500 parts of O, NaH ₂PO ₂H ₂O50～100 part, H ₃BO ₃100～300 parts, above-mentioned each raw material umber adds up to 1000 parts, joins then in 1000 parts of water, carries out magnetic agitation to evenly under 80 ℃, obtains blended basis plating bath; (2) negative leveling agent configuration: 4～10 parts of benzene sulfinic acid sodium salts, 10～16 parts of Sulphanilic Acid, stand-by after mixing; (3) finished plating solution configuration: the negative leveling agent that will prepare joins in the basic plating bath for 20 parts, obtains finished plating solution; (4) plating pre-treatment: the metal substrate preprocess is become concavo-convex pattern, and carry out the clean and activation treatment of electricity; (5) plating: employing purity surpasses 99.9% electrolytic nickel sheet as anode, and metal substrate to be plated is electroplated as negative electrode, and galvanized current density is 2.5～10A/dm ², the distance between anode and the negative electrode is 3～15mm, bath pH value 3.5～5.0, and temperature is 45～65 ℃.

2. a kind of preparation technology at metal base surface formation peak-like convex nickel coating as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described plating is direct current electrode position or pulse plating.