CN101373580B - Method for driving electrophoretic display device - Google Patents

Method for driving electrophoretic display device Download PDF

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CN101373580B
CN101373580B CN2008101610288A CN200810161028A CN101373580B CN 101373580 B CN101373580 B CN 101373580B CN 2008101610288 A CN2008101610288 A CN 2008101610288A CN 200810161028 A CN200810161028 A CN 200810161028A CN 101373580 B CN101373580 B CN 101373580B
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pixel
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gray scale
shows
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CN101373580A (en
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宫坂光敏
小松友子
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E Ink Corp
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Seiko Epson Corp
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Abstract

The invention provides an electrophoretic display device which displays intermediates continuous brightness levels. The electrophoretic display device includes a plurality of pixels, an electrophoresis layer including electrophoretic particles which migrates when applied with an electric field, and a common electrode which is provided opposite the plurality of pixels to hold the electrophoresis layer with the pixels. Each pixel is composed of a plurality of sub-pixels, which contain at least one pair of sub-pixels incapable being divided by a straight line. Alternately, at least one pair of adjacent sub-pixels are included which have their boundary consisting of a plurality of straight lines.

Description

The driving method of electrophoretic display apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to the driving method of the middle electrophoretic display apparatus that use such as Electronic Paper.
Background technology
Electrophoretic display apparatus is to place the dispersion medium that comprises liquid and the electrophoresis material of electrophoresis particle between pair of electrodes, and utilizes the electrophoresis of these electrophoresis particles in dispersion medium to carry out device shown.This electrophoretic display apparatus is applied to interelectrode voltage amplitude and polarity, waveform, application time, frequency etc. by control, shows desired information.For electrophoretic display apparatus, black and white two values that general is show, but if implementing to change the gray scale of display brightness shows, displays image information more subtly then is so its realization enjoys expectation.Carrying out gray scale when showing, be to be applied to voltage and time on the electrophoresis material by change in the past, changes the space distribution state of the electrophoresis particle in the dispersion medium, thus the gray scale (with reference to patent documentation 1) in the middle of demonstrating.
[patent documentation 1] spy opens clear 64-No. 86116 communiques
But, even being cut off power supply, electrophoretic display apparatus also can keep display image, because there is following problem in this characteristic, if that is: as in the past, adjustment applies magnitude of voltage and application time is implemented the gray scale demonstration, and afterimage phenomena will be very obvious.For example, if after implementing pitch-dark or snow-white gray scale and showing, show middle gray such as grey, show grey even then will import identical grey scale signal, last picture white or blackly become image retention demonstrates different grey.In addition, because charged electrophoresis particle rests on interelectrode centre, be very difficult so show a plurality of gray scales.
Summary of the invention
Therefore,, the objective of the invention is to: a kind of electrophoretic display apparatus is provided, can on electrophoretic display apparatus, realizes totally and stride many-valued intensity gray scale in view of above-mentioned various situations.
The invention is characterized in, between first substrate and second substrate in the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material, a plurality of pixels are formed on first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, exist at least a pair ofly can't make adjacent sub-pixel sub-pixel separated from one another right with straight line.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, between first substrate and second substrate in the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material, a plurality of pixels are formed on first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, the boundary edge that possesses at least between a pair of adjacent subpixels is right by the sub-pixel that many straight lines constitute.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, between first substrate and second substrate in the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material, a plurality of pixels are formed on first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 3) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, it is right to possess the sub-pixel that the border length of side between other adjacent subpixels of border side ratio between a pair of adjacent subpixels will grow at least.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, between first substrate and second substrate in the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, have at least a sub-pixel boundary not join with neighbor.
As mentioned above, in electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention, each pixel is made of a plurality of (n) sub-pixel.The invention is characterized in, such adjacent subpixels be below the 10 μ m at interval.In addition, also have following feature: when the area of establishing a pixel is S, the interval of adjacent subpixels than
Figure G2008101610288D00021
The length much shorter that is showed.The interval much shorter of so-called adjacent subpixels specifically is meant, adjacent subpixels be at interval
Figure G2008101610288D00022
Below 1/10th of the length that is showed.In addition, the invention is characterized in, when the area of establishing pixel is S, in n the sub-pixel that constitutes a pixel, be provided with the border side ratio between a pair of adjacent subpixels at least
Figure G2008101610288D0002091815QIETU
Also Chang sub-pixel is right.
Further, in electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention, except said structure, also have following feature: n sub-pixel area of a pixel of formation about equally, by in pixel, adjusting the number of sub-pixels of selecting light and shade, can in each pixel, realize n+1 intensity gray scale.So-called area is meant about equally, and any 2 sub-pixels of selection from n sub-pixel, its area ratio are more than 0.9 below 1.1.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, possesses the sub-pixel selecting arrangement, with n the sub-pixel that constitutes pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is that bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when this pixel is represented intensity gray scale i, described sub-pixel selecting arrangement selects i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration from n sub-pixel, so that the interior separate dim of pixel shows the border length of side maximum of sub-pixel and bright demonstration sub-pixel.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, possesses the sub-pixel selecting arrangement, with n the sub-pixel that constitutes pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when this pixel was represented intensity gray scale i, i nearer sub-pixel of described sub-pixel selecting arrangement this pixel center of chosen distance from a described n sub-pixel carried out bright demonstration.In contrast, feature of the present invention also is: possess the sub-pixel selecting arrangement, with n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when this pixel was represented intensity gray scale i, described sub-pixel selecting arrangement described pixel center of chosen distance from described n sub-pixel i sub-pixel far away carried out bright demonstration.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, possesses the sub-pixel selecting arrangement, with n the sub-pixel that constitutes pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, described sub-pixel selecting arrangement compares showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at inside (more near pixel center).In contrast, the invention is characterized in, possesses the sub-pixel selecting arrangement, with n the sub-pixel that constitutes pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, described sub-pixel selecting arrangement compares showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at more lateral (further from pixel center).
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in these n sub-pixel, at least exist and a pair ofly can't make adjacent sub-pixel sub-pixel separated from one another right with straight line, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, so that separate dim shows the border length of side maximum of sub-pixel and bright demonstration sub-pixel.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, at least exist and a pair ofly can't make adjacent sub-pixel sub-pixel separated from one another right with straight line, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the inside.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in these n sub-pixel, at least exist and a pair ofly can't make adjacent sub-pixel sub-pixel separated from one another right with straight line, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the more lateral.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, at least the boundary edge that possesses between a pair of adjacent subpixels is right by the sub-pixel that many straight lines constitute, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, so that separate dim shows the border length of side maximum of sub-pixel and bright demonstration sub-pixel.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in these n sub-pixel, at least the boundary edge that possesses between a pair of adjacent subpixels is right by the sub-pixel that many straight lines constitute, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the inside.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in these n sub-pixel, at least the boundary edge that possesses between a pair of adjacent subpixels is right by the sub-pixel that many straight lines constitute, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the more lateral.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 3) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, at least it is right to possess the sub-pixel that the border length of side between other the adjacent subpixels of border side ratio between a pair of adjacent subpixels will grow, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, so that separate dim shows the border length of side maximum of sub-pixel and bright demonstration sub-pixel.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 3) sub-pixel, in these n sub-pixel, at least it is right to possess the sub-pixel that the border length of side between other the adjacent subpixels of border side ratio between a pair of adjacent subpixels will grow, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the inside.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 3) sub-pixel, in these n sub-pixel, at least it is right to possess the sub-pixel that the border length of side between other the adjacent subpixels of border side ratio between a pair of adjacent subpixels will grow, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the more lateral.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, have at least a sub-pixel boundary not join with neighbor, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, so that separate dim shows the border length of side maximum of sub-pixel and bright demonstration sub-pixel.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, have at least a sub-pixel boundary not join with neighbor, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the inside.
In addition, the invention is characterized in, driving method for the electrophoretic display apparatus of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate, a plurality of pixels are formed on this first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, have at least a sub-pixel boundary not join with neighbor, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with the individual sub-pixel of i (i is the integer between 1 to n) is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the more lateral.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the side cross-sectional view of electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit of explanation electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention and the figure of primitive shape.
Fig. 3 is the figure that explanation is used in an example of the pixel in the electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the figure of the explanation principle of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the figure that explanation is used in an example of the pixel in the electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the figure that explanation is used in an example of pixel in the electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention and driving method thereof.
Fig. 7 is the figure that explanation is used in an example of pixel in the electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention and driving method thereof.
Fig. 8 is the figure that explanation is used in an example of pixel in the electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention and driving method thereof.
Fig. 9 is the figure that explanation is used in an example of pixel in the electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention and driving method thereof.
Figure 10 is the figure that explanation is used in an example of pixel in the electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention and driving method thereof.
Figure 11 is the figure that explanation is used in an example of pixel in the electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention and driving method thereof.
Figure 12 is the figure that explanation is used in an example of pixel in the electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention and driving method thereof.
Figure 13 is the figure that explanation is used in an example of pixel in the electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention and driving method thereof.
Figure 14 is the stereographic map that the Electronic Paper of electrophoretic display apparatus has been used in expression.
Among the figure: 1-the second substrate, 2-common electrode (transparency electrode), 4-pixel electrode, 5-dispersion medium, 6-charged particulate (electrophoresis particle), 7-pixel, 8-the first substrate, 9-on-off element, 10-electrophoretic display apparatus, 11-electrophoresis material, 50-sub-pixel selecting arrangement, 51-sub-pixel selecting arrangement, 104-sub-pixel, 107-pixel.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to the electrophoretic display apparatus (Fig. 1) and the driving method thereof of clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate.Electrophoresis material 11 contains charged particulate 6a, 6b in having mobile dispersion medium 5, can change the space distribution state of the sub-6a of charged corpuscle, 6b between first substrate 8 and second substrate 1.Electrophoretic display apparatus utilizes the variation of this space distribution state to come display image.Though among Fig. 1, between common electrode 2 set on the pixel electrode 4 set on first substrate 8 and second substrate 1, vertically go up the distribution that changes particle, but the present invention is also very effective to the electrophoretic display apparatus of the distribution that changes particle in the horizontal direction.The application is a kind of, an i.e. positively charged or only electronegative particle system to particulate, and perhaps two kinds of particulates have different colours and all effective with the two particles system of opposite polarity electricity respectively.Below, the application is not limited to particle system or two particles system, under the situation that atomic space distribution state changes and tone changes, claims that a tone is bright demonstration, and another tone shows for showing slinkingly.For example, in blue dispersion medium, under the situation of white particles subband positive electricity, can define like this: if what see is that the indigo plant of dispersion medium is exactly to show slinkingly to show, if see be atomic be exactly bright demonstration in vain.In addition, in comprising the two particles system of white particle and black track producing particle, can define like this: if what see is that white particle is exactly bright demonstration, if what see is that black track producing particle shows slinkingly exactly and shows.Because particulate is charged, therefore its space distribution state is changed according to the electric field that is produced between substrate.
Be formed with a plurality of pixels 7 on first substrate, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than 2) sub-pixel.Pixel can be configured to the ranks shape.Be provided with pixel electrode 4 in each sub-pixel.By the on-off element (for example, thin film transistor (TFT)) 9 that each sub-pixel possessed, this pixel electrode 4 is endowed the current potential of regulation, and and common electrode 2 between produce electric field, thereby change the space distribution state of particulate 6a, 6b on the sub-pixel.Like this, the light and shade on the sub-pixel will change.Among the present invention,, adjust the gray scale of this pixel according to the light and shade of a plurality of sub-pixels that constitute a pixel.The area of n sub-pixel all about equally.So-called area is meant and selects 2 sub-pixels arbitrarily from n sub-pixel that their area ratio is more than 0.9, below 1.1 about equally.With this understanding, the performance of all sub-pixels is identical, no matter which sub-pixel can freely be selected in the pixel.Its result in the pixel, can realize n+1 intensity gray scale (luminance gray-scale).And, as described later,,, beautiful gray scale also just realized so showing because the selection degree of freedom of sub-pixel has increased.Specifically being exactly, all is to show slinkingly the state that shows fully to be set as intensity gray scale 0 with n the sub-pixel that constitutes a pixel, all is that the state of complete bright demonstration is set as intensity gray scale n with n sub-pixel.So, i (i is the integer between 1 to n) sub-pixel be complete bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel for to show slinkingly under the state that shows fully, this pixel just can show the intensity gray scale i (this is called the area gray scale) of centre.The present invention is by the electric leakage field between the sub-pixel of control adjacency, and then actively utilize the low characteristics of human eye resolution characteristic, just can present following effect: by above-mentioned area gray scale, make display frame look very natural, implement beautiful demonstration with electrophoretic display apparatus.Specifically be exactly, make the mixing that electric field takes place between the sub-pixel, the trickle shading graphic that utilizes human eye not discern simultaneously makes bright demonstration and shows slinkingly and shows mixing, utilizes this effect to realize beautiful middle gray.Certainly, each sub-pixel also can be adjusted voltage and voltage application time, represents gray scale individually, and, can further be applied in the application's the area gray scale, come with the higher gray scale of each pixel performance.
In order to realize as mentioned above that beautiful gray scale shows that the present invention is provided with n sub-pixel in a pixel.Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of an expression example of the present invention.On first substrate, a plurality of pixels 7 form the ranks shape (K, L are the integers more than 2) of the capable L row of K.Each pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and the on-off element 9 that is made of thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) etc. is connected with each sub-pixel.In the example of Fig. 2, a pixel constitutes (n=3) by 3 sub-pixel 4a, 4b, 4c.The outside in the pixel that is arranged in the capable L row of K is provided with data drive circuit DD and scan drive circuit SD.Each is picture signal independently, is inputed to each sub-pixel by on-off element 9.Constitute L * n the sub-pixel that is configured in the pixel of delegation, all be connected with same sweep trace.Scan drive circuit SD, from K bar sweep trace, select specific delegation after, the L * n that connects on a selecteed row on-off element becomes the state of switch conduction simultaneously.On the other hand, each row is made of n bar data line independently.The number of data lines n of each row equates with the number of sub-pixels n of each pixel.In the example of Fig. 2, be 3 owing to constitute the number of the sub-pixel of a pixel, therefore the data line of every row is these three of 110a, 110b, 110c.Data drive circuit DD comprises: column selection device 100; N signal line 111a, 111b, 111c; And, column selection transistor 120. N signal line 111a, 111b, 111c supply with picture signal by the column selection transistor to n bar data line 110a, 110b, 110c.That is to say that the n signal line forms corresponding one by one with n bar data line.Column selection device 100 is selected specific row from the L row.Selecteed n the column selection transistor that lists connection becomes conducting state simultaneously, makes the n bar data line that constitutes these row corresponding one by one with the n signal line, to each data line received image signal.Specifically be exactly, a side of transistorized source electrode of column selection or drain electrode is connected with signal wire, and the opposing party is connected with data line.The transistorized grid of column selection links to each other with the output of column selection device.Select in turn during the point of pixel drives in turn by row ground during a sweep trace is selecteed, picture signal is directly inputted to and is positioned on the selecteed n bar data line that lists.Shown in the example of Fig. 2 like that, if data drive circuit DD has latch cicuit LATCH, the picture signal of corresponding each data line can be latched that circuit is disposable to be kept, object capable selecteed during, can implement picture signal and be input to L * n the line in the sub-pixel simultaneously and drive in turn.Column selection device 100 is made of demoder and shift register.
In a word, in this application, each pixel that is configured to the capable L row of K is made of an area n about equally sub-pixel, and on-off element links to each other with each sub-pixel.The conducting of these sub-pixel on-off elements is turn-offed, and depends on the scanning selection signal that is given on the sweep trace.According to n sub-pixel, n bar data line is set for each row, by the sub-pixel on-off element, n sub-pixel forms corresponding one by one with n bar data line.And then the n bar data line of each row is corresponding one by one with the formation of n signal line, and n column selection transistor is set between these n bar data lines and n signal line.The transistorized conducting of column selection is turn-offed, and is controlled by the array selecting signal that the column selection device sends.If take said structure, because the intensity gray scale signal always outputed on the signal wire of n bar from external control circuit by pixel part ground, so external control circuit can become very simple, and, on electrophoretic display apparatus, can realize the performance of area gray scale.In fact, the gradation data of in store each pixel in the memory storage (VRAM) of display device.For example, preserved such content, i.e. " intensity gray scale that is positioned at the pixel Pst of the capable t row of s is m ".When rewriting pixel Pst, from this memory storage (VRAM), call the gradation data of pixel Pst, convert the gradation data that calls to n the data-signal of representing light and shade, distribute to the n signal line.Then, by n signal line and the n bar data line that is positioned at the t row, to n the sub-pixel received image signal that is positioned at the capable t row of s.If pixel strides two row or the signal wire number is different with number of data lines and number of data lines is different with number of sub-pixels, it is very complicated that the control of external circuit will become, and must change the arrangement of signal, maybe must adjust from the timing of VRAM calling graph image signal etc.Relative therewith, among the present invention, as long as according to write sequence from VRAM to each pixel calling graph image signal, just can realize the area gray scale, significantly simplify external control circuit.
Though in electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, exist a pair of like this sub-pixel right at least, promptly can't make adjacent sub-pixel separated from one another with straight line.In other words, be exactly in this n sub-pixel, exist a pair of like this sub-pixel right at least, the boundary edge between promptly adjacent sub-pixel is made of many straight lines.Utilize Fig. 3 that an example is described.Fig. 3 is the example of an expression pixel of the present invention, and a pixel 7 is made of 3 sub-pixel 4a, 4b, 4c.Pixel 7 is roughly square, and the length of side is 6 units, and each sub-pixel area equates that in error range area approximately is 6 units * 2 units.All can't separate with straight line between any one sub-pixel, the boundary edge between adjacent subpixels is made of many straight lines.For example, the boundary edge between sub-pixel 4a and the 4b is made of 4 straight lines.In addition, the boundary edge between sub-pixel 4a and the 4c is made of 3 straight lines, and the boundary edge between sub-pixel 4b and the 4c is made of 4 straight lines.That is to say, in the middle of the example of Fig. 3, exist 3 pairs can't make adjacent sub-pixel sub-pixel separated from one another right with straight line.In electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention, can find a pair of such sub-pixel right in the pixel at least, it is right that promptly the boundary edge between subpixel is in the sub-pixel of the state of interlock so each other.If the boundary edge between sub-pixel is mutual interlock, when then even the light and shade of implementing to differ from one another in enforcement area gray scale demonstration adjacent subpixels shows, human eye can not identify the boundary edge of interlock, makes bright demonstration and shows slinkingly to show and mix, thus the demonstration in the middle of presenting.That is to say that in fact, show that we also are identified as middle gray in fact even if each sub-pixel has carried out number of light and shade, therefore, beautiful gray scale performance has just realized (the application is called trickle mixing to this).The trickle sub-pixel area that is blended in is 31250 μ m 2Just can demonstrate effect when following, be 62500 μ m at elemental area especially 2Below (square that is equivalent to 250 μ m * 250 μ m), and sub-pixel area is 31250 μ m 2It is effective when (pixel that is equivalent to just now is made of two sub-pixels) is following.If pixel and sub-pixel are little than these indexs, the ordinary people just can't the recognin pixel, for example, when will be white and deceive when being presented in the sub-pixel, looks it will is middle grey.
With regard to effect of the present invention, the trickle mixing except above-mentioned also is exaggerated on the electrical specification.Utilize Fig. 4 that this point is described.Fig. 4 (a) is such example: three sub-pixel 31a, 31b of a pixel 30 of formation, 31c be display white (bright demonstration), the result, and pixel 30 just shows white (intensity gray scale 3) completely.Now, suppose that white particulate 6b is electronegative, black particulate 6a positively charged.With this understanding, if the potential setting of pixel electrode 4a, 4b, 4c must be lower than the current potential of common electrode 2, produce from common electrode behind the electric field towards 3 pixel electrodes, pixel 30 becomes bright demonstration.For example, to common electrode provide+5V or+positive potential of 10V and so on, and to establish pixel electrode be the current potential (for example earthing potential 0V) that is lower than it.So electronegative white particulate is drawn towards common electrode, and on the contrary, the black particulate of positively charged is drawn towards pixel electrode, and pixel 30 demonstrates white completely such shown in Fig. 4 (a).Relative therewith, among Fig. 4 (b), a center sub-pixel 4b shows black (show slinkingly and show), and pixel 30 demonstrates albescent grey (intensity gray scale 2).Want to realize this demonstration, will must be lower than the current potential of common electrode 2 with the potential setting of pixel electrode 4a and 4c, and must be than the current potential height of common electrode 2 with the potential setting of the pixel electrode 4b of center.For example, if the current potential of common electrode 2 is+5V lower like this on the occasion of, the current potential of pixel electrode 4a and 4c is than its lower current potential (for example earthing potential 0V), and on the other hand, and the current potential of establishing pixel electrode 4b than the high positive potential of common electrode current potential (for example+10V) is.So, among sub-pixel 31a and the 31c, white particulate trend common electrode side, display white, on the other hand, among the sub-pixel 31b, black track producing particle trend common electrode side shows black.If sub-pixel is big, sub-pixel 31a and 31c show white completely, and on the contrary, sub-pixel 31b shows black completely.But, if sub-pixel is very little, distance between sub-pixel than the thickness of EPD material 11 (promptly, distance between first substrate and second substrate) much shorter, then on the border of bright viewing area (sub-pixel 31a and the 31c of Fig. 4 b) and dark viewing area (the sub-pixel 31b of Fig. 4 b), can produce with reciprocal electric field separately mix, the black and white particulate do not dragged the zone (Fig. 4 (b)) to which electrode fully.Its result, the boundary edge zone of separating between sub-pixel is bright demonstration and shows slinkingly the middle demonstration of showing (being grey in this case), bright viewing area is not bright completely demonstration (in the case for white completely), but incomplete bright demonstration (being canescent white in the case).Equally, show slinkingly and show that the zone is not to show slinkingly and show (in the case for black) completely completely, but incomplete showing slinkingly shown (being canescent black in the case).Like this, electric field mixes on the borderline region between sub-pixel, can show middle gray (below, the application claims that this effect is that electric field mixes).
Electric field mixes, distance that will be between sub-pixel than the thickness of EPD material 11 (promptly, distance between first substrate and second substrate) much shorter when following (probably be thickness * 0.176 of EPD material), and the interval of adjacent sub-pixel is roughly under the following situation of 10 μ m, its effect of competence exertion.Electric field from the pixel electrode end towards the top common electrode, the width with about 10 ° of maximums.Therefore, in the common electrode side, the thickness that electric field energy expands to about EPD material multiply by the distance of tan10 (=0.176).Even if the EPD material is thin again, its thickness also has 60 μ m.Therefore, the width of the electric field of common electrode side is 10 μ m.If the interval of adjacent sub-pixel is below 10 μ m, electric field mixes and will produce between adjacent sub-pixel, realizes beautiful gray scale performance.In addition, in the present invention, the interval of preferred adjacent subpixels is than the proper length much shorter of this sub-pixel.The proper length of so-called sub-pixel is meant the square root of sub-pixel area, is when the area with a pixel is made as S, uses
Figure G2008101610288D00131
The length that shows.In addition, so-called much shorter, specifically expression is, uses
Figure G2008101610288D00132
Below 1/10th of sub-pixel proper length that showed.If adjacent sub-pixel interval each other is similar or more than it with the proper length of sub-pixel, be positioned at the sub-6a of charged corpuscle and the 6b of top between sub-pixel so, will electric field up and down not reacted.Its result between sub-pixel, irrespectively always shows middle gray with the sub-pixel current potential, can reduce the contrast of pixel integral body.And if the interval of sub-pixel is than the proper length much shorter of sub-pixel, and is at below 0.176 times of EPD material thickness, charged corpuscle just is bound to the formed electric field of pixel electrode is reacted so, can not produce the low problem of contrast.In addition, electric field mixes and also can play a role effectively, so bright demonstration is very bright, show slinkingly and show very secretly, and middle gray is that light and shade mixes capitally, thereby expresses beautiful gray scale.
During above-mentioned trickle mixing and electric field mixed, the interval of sub-pixel was short more, and the boundary edge between adjacent subpixels is long more, just can bring into play its effect more.This is because if the interval of sub-pixel is short, from the just mixing easily of electric field of each sub-pixel, if boundary edge length is longer than pixel proper length and sub-pixel proper length, then trickle mixing will be exquisite more.Therefore in the present invention, constitute in n the sub-pixel of a pixel, a pair of like this (2) sub-pixel is set at least, boundary edge length overall between each sub-pixel and the adjacent a plurality of or sub-pixel, than the proper length of pixel long (below, in this application, only otherwise special indication, so-called boundary edge just expression belongs to boundary edge between the sub-pixel of same pixel.Be called pixel boundary between the sub-pixel of formation different pixels, this limit is called the pixel boundary limit.)。The proper length of so-called pixel is meant the square root of this elemental area, is when elemental area is made as S, uses
Figure 2008101610288100002G2008101610288D0002091815QIETU
The length that shows.In the example of Fig. 3, pixel is that the square of 6 units constitutes by the length of side, and its area is 6 units * 6 units, and the proper length of pixel is 6 units.On the other hand, sub-pixel 4a, and have 6 unit head's boundary edge between the sub-pixel 4b, and have 4 unit head's boundary edge between the sub-pixel 4c, so the boundary edge length overall that sub-pixel 4a is had is exactly 10 units.Equally, the boundary edge length overall of sub-pixel 4b is 14 units, the boundary edge length overall of sub-pixel 4c is that 12 units (that is to say, the pixel boundary limit length overall that sub-pixel 4a is had is 12 units, the pixel boundary limit length overall of sub-pixel 4b is 2 units, and the pixel boundary limit length overall that sub-pixel 4c is had is 10 units).That is to say, in the example of Fig. 3, for the sub-pixel that constitutes a pixel, no matter which all has the boundary edge length overall also longer than the pixel proper length of 6 units.Like this, can promote electric field between sub-pixel to mix and the effect of trickle mixing, realize more beautiful middle gray.Shown in above-mentioned example, pixel of the present invention possesses a pair of sub-pixel at least, they have the sub-pixel border limit length overall longer than pixel proper length, even giving the picture signal of each sub-pixel is bright and dark these two values, also can realize making this pixel integral body to look level and smooth that middle gray shows.
Equally, also can be under the situation that each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 3) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, comprise that at least a pair of like this sub-pixel is right, the border length of side between other adjacent subpixels of the border side ratio between adjacent subpixels will be grown.In a word, when n (n is the integer more than or equal to 3) sub-pixel constitutes a pixel, have 2 sub-pixels at least, any one of n-2 sub-pixel that the boundary edge length overall ratio that they had is remaining is all long.N sub-pixel and adjacent separately sub-pixel between have boundary edge, be eigenvalue for its length overall of each sub-pixel.From these n sub-pixel, can select 2 sub-pixels at least, the boundary edge length overall that they had is not the minimum value that constitutes in the boundary edge length overall of sub-pixel of this pixel.Utilize Fig. 3 to be explained again.Sub-pixel 4a, and have the boundary edge length overall of 10 units altogether between the adjacent subpixels, sub-pixel 4b, and have the boundary edge length overall of 14 units between the adjacent subpixels, sub-pixel 4c has the boundary edge length overall of 12 units.That is to say, among Fig. 3, constitute between n (n=3) sub-pixel and adjacent sub-pixel of a pixel to have the boundary edge length overall of different numerical value units respectively.That is to say that sub-pixel has than the longer boundary edge length overall of other sub-pixels (sub-pixel 4a) 4b and 4c.Sub-pixel is among 4b and the 4c, and 4c has the total long value of less boundary edge, and is nonetheless, also big than the total long value of the boundary edge of sub-pixel 4a.Take aforesaid this structure, can promote the effect that trickle mixing and electric field mix, show beautiful intermediate luminance GTG.
Method as the beautiful intermediate luminance GTG of performance also can be: each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, has at least a sub-pixel not join with adjacent pixels.In a word, by with the configuration of the concentric shape of a plurality of sub-pixels ground, constitute a pixel (Fig. 5).Among Fig. 5, a pixel is made of 3 sub-pixel 104a, 104b, 104c, and each sub-pixel is configured to concentric shape.Its result, the sub-pixel 104c and the neighbor that only are positioned at most peripheral join, other sub-pixel 104a, 104b, the border does not join with neighbor.Concentric subpixel configuration like this, trickle mixing can be brought into play special-effect, can realize extremely beautiful intermediate luminance GTG.
Below, the driving method of the application's electrophoretic apparatus is described.As mentioned above, which sub-pixel is the area of each sub-pixel therefore, when showing middle gray, select certain freedom is arranged all about equally among the application.Want to utilize energetically the effect of trickle mixing and electric field mixing, preferred drive cataphoresis display as follows: promptly at first, when pixel is represented intensity gray scale i, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, so that the border length of side maximum of the sub-pixel of sub-pixel that separate dim shows in the pixel and bright demonstration.In addition, thus, electrophoretic display device (EPD) of the present invention possesses such sub-pixel selecting arrangement is arranged.Fig. 6 is the above-mentioned driving method of explanation and the figure of electrophoretic display device (EPD).Each pixel is made of 4a and three sub-pixels of 4b, 4c, exists a pair of sub-pixel to making adjacent sub-pixel separated from one another with straight line at least.In addition, the boundary edge between adjacent subpixels is made of many straight lines, and the boundary edge length overall of sub-pixel is not all the same, wherein has the sub-pixel more than 2, and their boundary edge length overall is longer than the boundary edge length overall between other sub-pixels.In addition, electrophoretic display apparatus shown in Figure 6 comprises sub-pixel selecting arrangement 50, is used for selecting from n sub-pixel i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, so that the interior separate dim of pixel shows the border length of side maximum of sub-pixel and bright demonstration sub-pixel.Among Fig. 6, the pixel that is positioned at the 1st row the 1st row is represented intensity gray scale 3 (bright demonstration), the pixel that is positioned at the 1st row the 2nd row and the 2nd row the 3rd row is represented intensity gray scale 2, the pixel that is positioned at the 1st row the 3rd row and the 2nd row the 2nd row is represented intensity gray scale 1, and the pixel that is positioned at the 2nd row the 1st row is represented intensity gray scale 0 (show slinkingly and show).Among three sub-pixel 4a, 4b, the 4c, limit, the sub-pixel border length overall of sub-pixel 4b is the longest, so, the intensity gray scale in the middle of wanting to show, sub-pixel 4b will implement and other two demonstrations that sub-pixel is opposite.For example, when display brightness GTG 2, make sub-pixel 4b show slinkingly and show, sub-pixel 4a and the bright demonstration of 4c that order is remaining.In addition, when display brightness GTG 1, make the bright demonstration of sub-pixel 4b, sub-pixel 4a that order is remaining and 4c show slinkingly and show.That is to say, the electrophoretic display apparatus of Ji Shuing here, when forming middle gray, always being driven by sub-pixel selecting arrangement 50 is that the boundary edge length overall of sub-pixel is a maximum.Thus, just can produce trickle mixing and electric field reliably and mix, demonstrate beautiful middle gray.In addition, because sub-pixel 4a, 4c always carry out identical demonstration, so can make sub-pixel 4a, 4c when showing 4 gray scales is one, and then to make data line 110a and 110c be one, and making signal wire 111a and 111c is one.
And then what represent among Fig. 7 is, as the sub-pixel figure of the invention of recording and narrating here and an example of driving method.In Fig. 7, from (a) to (u) is decorated with the shape of the sub-pixel of a pixel of multiple formation, its driving method recorded and narrated into the situation of 0 → A → BC → ABC and so on letter and arrow.So-called 0 → A → BC → ABC, it is the sub-pixel that shows that shows slinkingly in each gray scale of expression, specifically be exactly, be expressed as follows driving method: when to carry out intensity gray scale be 3 complete bright demonstration, make all sub-pixels carry out bright demonstration (0), if intensity gray scale is 2, sub-pixel A is shown slinkingly to be shown, so that the bright demonstration of sub-pixel B and C (A), if intensity gray scale is 1, just make the bright demonstration of sub-pixel A, so that showing slinkingly, sub-pixel B and C show (BC), carrying out intensity gray scale is 0 show slinkingly fully when showing, all sub-pixels is shown slinkingly show (ABC).With the mutual interlock of each sub-pixel and when forming the demonstration of middle gray, form bright demonstration and show slinkingly boundary edge length overall maximum between the sub-pixel that shows by driving to making, can realize that the beautiful gray scale that light and shade mixes capitally shows.
Another driving method as the application's electrophoretic apparatus, there are following two kinds, that is: when this pixel is represented intensity gray scale i, i the nearer method that sub-pixel carries out bright demonstration of this pixel center of chosen distance from n sub-pixel, with opposite with it, chosen distance pixel center i the method that sub-pixel carries out bright demonstration far away from n sub-pixel.And then, also the two can be made up, as intensity gray scale i during greater than half (i〉n/2) of number of sub-pixels n, chosen distance pixel center i sub-pixel far away carries out bright demonstration from n sub-pixel; (during i＜n/2), i nearer sub-pixel of chosen distance pixel center carries out bright demonstration from n sub-pixel less than half of number of sub-pixels n as intensity gray scale i.In addition, thus, electrophoretic display device (EPD) of the present invention possesses such sub-pixel selecting arrangement.Like this,, just can get rid of the light and shade deviation of striding a plurality of pixels, realize that macroscopic view goes up beautiful gray scale by near the change light and shade pixel center.As the example that does not adopt said structure, it is contemplated that following situation: a pixel is made of 3 sub-pixels, certain pixel and its adjacent pixels display brightness GTG 2 (two sub-pixels are bright demonstrations, and is to show slinkingly to show).Suppose in two pixels that the sub-pixel that is positioned at the rightmost side in the pixel on the left side forms to show slinkingly and shows, the sub-pixel that is positioned at the leftmost side in the right pixels forms to show slinkingly and shows.Originally,, saw that the people of display frame should can't see because each sub-pixel is too small, but since under the above-mentioned state adjacent pixels carrying out identical showing slinkingly and showing, show so might be regarded as to show slinkingly.Therefore,, can not think that is a middle gray, and can think the arrangement of black and white dot, thereby not form beautiful middle gray demonstration for the people who sees display frame.Relative therewith, if structure as the application, always from the nearer sub-pixel of distance pixel center or the sub-pixel that Shade Selected shows from distance pixel center sub-pixel far away, the mixing of carrying out in pixel in the middle gray state between sub-pixel that different light and shades show just must produce the beautiful middle gray of realization in this pixel.Reusing Fig. 6 is explained.In Fig. 6, the sub-pixel 4b that the boundary edge length overall is the longest between sub-pixel disposes than the more close pixel center of other sub-pixels.Therefore, the pixel that is arranged in the 1st row the 3rd row and the 2nd row the 2nd row of expression intensity gray scale i=1, i nearer (1) sub-pixel of this pixel center of chosen distance carries out bright demonstration from n (n=3) sub-pixel.In addition, in contrast, the pixel that is arranged in the 1st row the 2nd row and the 2nd row the 3rd row of expression intensity gray scale i=2, chosen distance pixel center i (2) sub-pixel far away carries out bright demonstration from n (n=3) sub-pixel.By like this, can produce trickle mixing and electric field in each pixel reliably and mix, be that unit realizes beautiful middle gray with each pixel.We can say that the sub-pixel in the pixel is very desirable according to the boundary edge length overall from growing to that short order disposes laterally from pixel center.In addition, so-called sub-pixel is nearer apart from pixel center, is meant that the moment of inertia value about the pixel electrode center of gravity of this sub-pixel is less.The moment of inertia value is in full shown in 1.
[numerical expression 1]
I i＝∫(x 2+y 2)dm
The moment of inertia about the pixel center of gravity among the so-called sub-pixel i is meant, the quality dm at each position multiply by square (x with the distance of pixel center of gravity 2+ y 2), and in this sub-pixel, carry out the resulting value of integration.For each sub-pixel, determine intrinsic moment of inertia value after, and according to the distance of this value decision with pixel center, the sub-pixel of chosen distance center nearer (the moment of inertia value is little) carries out bright demonstration or shows slinkingly showing.In addition, preferably in pixel, make subpixel configuration become to reduce the moment of inertia of long sub-pixel of boundary edge length overall as far as possible.What Fig. 8 represented is, is equivalent to the example of the application's structure, promptly always from the nearer sub-pixel of distance pixel center or apart from an example of the driving method of the sub-pixel of selecting bright demonstration the pixel center sub-pixel far away.Deciphering method and Fig. 7 of Fig. 8 are same.Because sub-pixel A is nearest apart from pixel center, so, in three sub-pixels, one be shown slinkingly and just allow sub-pixel A show slinkingly when showing to show, in three sub-pixels, just allow the bright demonstration of sub-pixel A in the time of carrying out bright demonstration with one.
Another driving method as the application's electrophoretic apparatus, with n the sub-pixel that constitutes pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i (i is the integer between 1 to n) sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, at this moment preferred: when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the inside.In addition, thus, electrophoretic display device (EPD) of the present invention possesses such sub-pixel selecting arrangement.Also can be in contrast, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the more lateral.With previously described same, electrophoretic display device (EPD) of the present invention possesses such sub-pixel selecting arrangement.If structure as the application, the sub-pixel of implementing the less demonstration of the total area is gathered, be configured near the center of pixel, perhaps opposite, the sub-pixel of implementing the bigger demonstration of the total area is gathered, be configured near the center of pixel, under the middle gray state, mixing between the sub-pixel that the different light and shade of enforcement shows in the pixel just will inevitably produce, and realizes beautiful middle gray in this pixel.Like this,, can get rid of the deviation of the light and shade of striding a plurality of pixels, realize that macroscopic view goes up beautiful gray scale by near the change light and shade pixel center.Reusing Fig. 6 is explained.Electrophoretic display apparatus shown in Figure 6 has sub-pixel selecting arrangement 51, it compares showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the inside.Its result, with regard to the pixel that is positioned at the 1st row the 3rd row and the 2nd row the 2nd row of expression intensity gray scale i=1, because bright display area ratio shows slinkingly and shows that area is little, so, just from n (n=3) sub-pixel, select i (1) sub-pixel 4b to carry out bright demonstration, make the less bright viewing area of area more near the center of this pixel.Equally, with regard to the pixel that is positioned at the 1st row the 2nd row and the 2nd row the 3rd row of expression intensity gray scale i=2, owing to show slinkingly and show that area is littler than bright display area, so, just from n (n=3) sub-pixel, select i (1) sub-pixel 4b to show slinkingly and show, make the less dark viewing area of area more near the center of this pixel.Like this, can produce trickle mixing and electric field in each pixel reliably and mix, be that unit realizes beautiful middle gray with each pixel.
Another driving method as the application's electrophoretic apparatus, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, have at least a sub-pixel boundary not join with neighbor, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i (i is the integer between 1 to n) sub-pixel is that bright demonstration and n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, preferably in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, make separate dim show the boundary edge length overall maximum of sub-pixel and bright demonstration sub-pixel.In addition, thus, electrophoretic display device (EPD) of the present invention preferably possesses such sub-pixel selecting arrangement.In a word, one or more sub-pixels not with neighbor in abutting connection with and be configured in the pixel of other sub-pixel inboards, also the chooser pixel is to make to isolate bright demonstration and show slinkingly the boundary edge length overall maximum of showing.In addition, the application's electrophoretic display apparatus has such sub-pixel selecting arrangement.This be because, can produce trickle mixing and electric field thus reliably and mix, can show beautiful middle gray.Fig. 9 represents an example of this driving method.Among Fig. 9, a pixel is made of 3 sub-pixels with homalographic, and these sub-pixels are configured to concentric shape.Being in the most inboard sub-pixel is to be the square (being called inboard sub-pixel) of 1 unit on one side.Be positioned at the sub-pixel in its outside, form and from the limit is the square of 2 units of √ (1.414 units), dig up the foursquare shape that the limit is 1 unit (being called the center sub-pixel).Be positioned at outermost sub-pixel, form and from the limit is the square of 3 units of √ (1.732 units), dig up the foursquare shape that the limit is 2 units of √ (1.414 unit) (being called outside sub-pixel).In these 3 sub-pixels, only be positioned at outermost sub-pixel with neighbor joins.Can show 4 kinds of gray scales in this pixel.When gray scale was zero, all sub-pixels showed that for showing slinkingly on the contrary, when gray scale was 3, all sub-pixels were bright demonstration.When being middle gray 1, allow center sub-pixel bright demonstration, allow inboard sub-pixel and outside sub-pixel show slinkingly and show, thus make bright demonstration and the boundary edge length overall that shows slinkingly between showing the longest.Have again, when being middle gray 2, allow the center sub-pixel show slinkingly and show, allow inboard sub-pixel and the bright demonstration of outside sub-pixel, thus make bright demonstration and the boundary edge length overall that shows slinkingly between showing the longest.When being the gray scale 1 of middle gray and gray scale 2, the sub-pixel total and inboard demonstration opposite in center with the enforcement of outside sub-pixel, thus can promote trickle mixing and electric field mixing in two gray scales, realize beautiful middle gray.
Further, Figure 10 represents another example of the application's driving method.Among Figure 10, a pixel is made of 4 sub-pixels with homalographic, and these sub-pixels are configured to concentric shape.Being positioned at the most inboard sub-pixel, is that the limit is the square (being called sub-pixel 1) of 1 unit.Be positioned at the sub-pixel in its outside, form from the limit is the square of 2 units of √ (1.414 units) and dig up the foursquare shape that the limit is 1 unit (being called sub-pixel 2).Be positioned at the sub-pixel in its outside, form from the limit is the square of 3 units of √ (1.732 units) and dig up the foursquare shape (being called sub-pixel 3) that the limit is 2 units of √ (1.414 units).Be positioned at outermost sub-pixel, form from the limit is the square of 4 units of √ (2 units) and dig up the foursquare shape (being called sub-pixel 4) that the limit is 3 units of √ (1.732 units).In these 4 sub-pixels, only be positioned at outermost sub-pixel 4 with neighbor joins.In this pixel, utilize 4 sub-pixels, can show 5 kinds of gray scales with homalographic.When gray scale was zero, all sub-pixels all were to show slinkingly to show, on the contrary, when gray scale was 4, all sub-pixels all were bright demonstrations.When being middle gray 1, allow sub-pixel 3 bright demonstrations, allow other sub-pixels show slinkingly and show, thus make bright demonstration and the boundary edge length overall that shows slinkingly between showing the longest.In addition, when being middle gray 2, allowing sub-pixel 1 and 3 show slinkingly and show, allow sub-pixel 2 and 4 bright demonstrations, thus make bright demonstration and the boundary edge length overall that shows slinkingly between showing the longest.And then, when being middle gray 3, allowing sub-pixel 3 show slinkingly and show, allow the bright demonstration of other sub-pixels, thereby make bright demonstration and the boundary edge length overall that shows slinkingly between showing the longest.Shown in this example, because in each middle gray, always come the light and shade of chooser pixel according to the longest mode of boundary edge length overall, so, in the pixel of the present invention, even if giving the importing data of each sub-pixel is the digital signal of expression light and shade, also can be that unit realizes beautiful middle gray with the pixel.
According to the example of Fig. 6 and Fig. 9, Figure 10 as can be known, make in the maximized sub-pixel system of selection of boundary edge length overall, each sub-pixel forms bright demonstration or shows slinkingly with the number of times of average equal extent and shows.Thus, can obtain to prevent the bright display image and the effect that continues that shows slinkingly the diagrammatic sketch picture of each sub-pixel.For example, though showed 4 gray scales in the middle of the example of Fig. 6 and Fig. 9, each sub-pixel has all carried out 2 bright demonstrations and has shown slinkingly showing equally.In addition, in the middle of the example of Figure 10, sub-pixel 1 and 3 forms to show slinkingly for 3 times and shows and 2 bright demonstrations, and sub-pixel 2 and 4 forms to show slinkingly for 2 times and shows and 3 bright demonstrations, implements picture and allows specific sub-pixel carry out the selection of the partial property of bright demonstration and so on more.When bright demonstration or show slinkingly either party that show, when being implemented many partial temper pixel selection more than 2 times, persistency effects will take place in this sub-pixel, makes complete bright demonstration and shows slinkingly the display quality decline of showing fully.For example, if take driving method shown in Figure 11, inboard sub-pixel can show 3 whites in 4 gray scale performances, and the center sub-pixel can show black 3 times.Therefore, inboard sub-pixel is continuously white easily, and when deceiving demonstration, can show the black that turns white.On the contrary, the center sub-pixel is continuously black easily, and when carrying out white demonstration, can show the white of blackout.So, if gray scale is 0 black demonstration, inboard sub-pixel can have white; If gray scale is 3 white demonstration, the center sub-pixel can have black, and whole contrast will become low.But as mentioned above, by according to making the longest mode of boundary edge length overall select to carry out bright demonstration or show slinkingly the sub-pixel that shows, all sub-pixels can be implemented light and shade fifty-fifty and show.Thus, can prevent the continuing of the light and shade of sub-pixel, and realize beautiful gray scale performance and higher contrast ratio coefficient simultaneously.
Another driving method as the application's electrophoretic apparatus, each pixel is made of n (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) sub-pixel, in this n sub-pixel, has a sub-pixel at least, the border does not join with neighbor, with this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i (i is the integer between 1 to n) sub-pixel is bright demonstration, n-i sub-pixel is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, in this case, preferably: when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, and allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the inside.In addition, thus, electrophoretic display device (EPD) of the present invention just possesses such sub-pixel selecting arrangement.Also preferably in contrast, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the more lateral.In addition, thus, electrophoretic display device (EPD) of the present invention possesses such sub-pixel selecting arrangement.
Be explained with Figure 12 and Figure 13.Figure 12 and Figure 13 are and the pixel of Fig. 9 same configuration that the roughly the same sub-pixel of area is configured to concentric shape.Figure 12 takes following driving method: when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, the chooser pixel allows the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the inside then.Specifically be exactly when gray scale is 1,,, allows center sub-pixel and outside sub-pixel show slinkingly and show so should allow inboard sub-pixel carry out bright demonstration with bright configurations shown in the pixel inboard because bright display area ratio shows slinkingly and shows that area is narrow.On the other hand, when gray scale is 2, owing to show slinkingly and show that area is narrower than bright display area,, allows inboard sub-pixel show slinkingly and show, allow center sub-pixel and outside sub-pixel carry out bright demonstration so should show and be configured in the pixel inboard with showing slinkingly.Opposite with Figure 12, Figure 13 takes following driving method: when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, the chooser pixel allows the little big demonstration of demonstration specific area of area be positioned at the more lateral then.Specifically be exactly when gray scale is 1,,, allows center sub-pixel and inboard sub-pixel show slinkingly and show so should allow outside sub-pixel carry out bright demonstration with bright configurations shown in the pixel outside because bright display area ratio shows slinkingly and shows that area is narrow.On the other hand, when gray scale is 2, owing to show slinkingly and show that area is narrower than bright display area,, allows outside sub-pixel show slinkingly and show, allow center sub-pixel and inboard sub-pixel carry out bright demonstration so should show and be configured in the pixel outside with showing slinkingly.Taking such driving method, can be unit with each pixel just, promotes trickle mixing and electric field to mix, and realizes beautiful middle gray.Simultaneously,, each pixel shows because carrying out light and shade fifty-fifty, thus continuing of image can not taken place, and also contrast rating also can improve.
At last, the example that electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention is applied to flexible electronic paper is described.Figure 14 is a stereographic map of using Electronic Paper 210 of the present invention.Electronic Paper 210 possesses main body 211, and it has texture and the flexibility close with paper, and this main body uses electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention as display device 264.Because this electronic equipment has utilized electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention and driving method thereof, so each pixel can both show beautiful middle gray, and has realized the higher contrast ratio coefficient.In addition, electrophoretic display apparatus of the present invention is not limited to Electronic Paper, can be used as display device and is installed on the various e-machines.These e-machines for example can list: the video recorder of e-book or personal computer, digital still camera, find a view type or monitor direct viewing type, automobile navigation apparatus, pager, electronic notebook, counter, word processor, workstation, TV, phone, POS terminal, have the machine of contact type panel etc.Electrophoretic display apparatus is suitable for the display device as them.

Claims (12)

1. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 2,
In this n sub-pixel, exist at least a pair ofly can't make adjacent sub-pixel sub-pixel separated from one another right with straight line,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, so that separate dim shows the border length of side maximum of sub-pixel and bright demonstration sub-pixel.
2. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 2,
In this n sub-pixel, exist at least a pair ofly can't make adjacent sub-pixel sub-pixel separated from one another right with straight line,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the big demonstration of the little demonstration specific area of area more near pixel center.
3. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 2,
In this n sub-pixel, exist at least a pair ofly can't make adjacent sub-pixel sub-pixel separated from one another right with straight line,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the big demonstration of the little demonstration specific area of area further from pixel center.
4. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 2,
In this n sub-pixel, the boundary edge that possesses at least between a pair of adjacent subpixels is right by the sub-pixel that many straight lines constitute,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, so that separate dim shows the border length of side maximum of sub-pixel and bright demonstration sub-pixel.
5. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 2,
In this n sub-pixel, the boundary edge that possesses at least between a pair of adjacent subpixels is right by the sub-pixel that many straight lines constitute,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the big demonstration of the little demonstration specific area of area more near pixel center.
6. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 2,
In this n sub-pixel, the boundary edge that possesses at least between a pair of adjacent subpixels is right by the sub-pixel that many straight lines constitute,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the big demonstration of the little demonstration specific area of area further from pixel center.
7. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 3,
In this n sub-pixel, it is right to possess the sub-pixel that the border length of side between other adjacent subpixels of border side ratio between a pair of adjacent subpixels will grow at least,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, so that separate dim shows the border length of side maximum of sub-pixel and bright demonstration sub-pixel.
8. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 3,
In this n sub-pixel, it is right to possess the sub-pixel that the border length of side between other adjacent subpixels of border side ratio between a pair of adjacent subpixels will grow at least,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the big demonstration of the little demonstration specific area of area more near pixel center.
9. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 3,
In this n sub-pixel, it is right to possess the sub-pixel that the border length of side between other adjacent subpixels of border side ratio between a pair of adjacent subpixels will grow at least,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the big demonstration of the little demonstration specific area of area further from pixel center.
10. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 2,
In this n sub-pixel, have at least a sub-pixel boundary not join with neighbor,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, so that separate dim shows the border length of side maximum of sub-pixel and bright demonstration sub-pixel.
11. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 2,
In this n sub-pixel, have at least a sub-pixel boundary not join with neighbor,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the big demonstration of the little demonstration specific area of area more near pixel center.
12. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus is the clamping electrophoresis material between first substrate and second substrate,
Form a plurality of pixels on this first substrate,
This pixel is made of n sub-pixel, and wherein n is the integer more than or equal to 2,
In this n sub-pixel, have at least a sub-pixel boundary not join with neighbor,
With this n sub-pixel all is to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale 0, with i sub-pixel is that bright demonstration, a n-i sub-pixel are to show slinkingly the state that shows to be made as intensity gray scale i, wherein i is the integer between 1 to n, in this case, when expression intensity gray scale i, compare showing slinkingly the sub-pixel total area that shows and the sub-pixel total area of bright demonstration, from n sub-pixel, select i sub-pixel to carry out bright demonstration, allow the big demonstration of the little demonstration specific area of area further from pixel center.
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