CN101368732B - Garbage incineration treatment device and treatment method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste incineration treatment device, which belongs to the field of waste harmless treatment and adopts the technical scheme that: flue gas treatment facility (2) are according to the flue gas flow order of producing from burning furnace body (1) burning, establish flow velocity of flow control component (3), turbulent flue gas flue (4), high pressure and spray dust removal pond (5), activated carbon adsorption chamber (6), draught fan (7) and flue gas drying chamber (8), wherein, flue gas drying chamber (8) establish the outer wall that encircles the furnace body on the upper portion of burning furnace body (1), its export links to each other with chimney (10). In addition, the invention also discloses a corresponding processing method adopted by the processing device. By adopting the technical scheme, the efficiency of garbage combustion is improved; the furnace body has higher heat preservation performance and more sufficient garbage combustion; the dust removal and drying effects of the flue gas are better, the finally discharged smoke dust is purer, and the harmless treatment of the flue gas is realized.

Description

Garbage incineration treatment device and treatment method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment equipment, and more specifically, the invention relates to a garbage incineration treatment device for harmless incineration and treatment of garbage. In addition, the present invention also relates to the treatment method adopted by the above-mentioned waste incineration treatment device.

Background technique

In the technical field of waste disposal, many technical solutions have been proposed for waste incineration methods and corresponding devices, mainly related to improving combustion efficiency, reducing energy consumption, reducing flue gas emissions, utilizing boiler waste heat, and improving safety. performance, etc., such as:

The patent technical document with Chinese patent number 02273965.3 discloses a patented technology of "waste incinerator capable of outputting heat energy". There are air branch pipes in the inner cavity of the furnace, and nozzles are evenly distributed on the air branch pipes, and the blower sprays air into the furnace through the air branch pipes and nozzles; a water tank is set on the upper part of the inner chamber of the furnace, and the water tank is connected to the water pipe at the lower part , the upper part is connected to the water pipe. This patented technology adopts the arrangement of many air branch pipes on the inner wall of the furnace to increase oxygen. Because it is outside the garbage, the oxygen increase effect is difficult to meet the requirements. In addition, if the heat-absorbing tank is directly installed on the furnace body, the temperature of the furnace body will drop significantly, which will affect the full combustion of garbage.

The patent technical literature with Chinese patent number 200410014868.3 discloses a patented technology of "domestic waste incinerator". , smoke outlet, slag discharge device, air intake system, flue gas treatment device, chimney and microcomputer, the upper part of the furnace body is equipped with a rotary drying device, which can continuously turn and dry domestic waste into loose and dry waste to the furnace Inside delivery. This patented technology only solves the problem of handling the garbage before entering the furnace. There is no good solution for the combustion process and the treatment of flue gas generated after combustion.

The patent technical document with Chinese patent number 200510071165.9 discloses a patented technology of "domestic waste incineration treatment process and waste incinerator". , noise treatment, supplementary air and oxygen supply; there is a burner at the bottom of the incinerator, and multiple fire grates are evenly distributed in the middle of the burner. The air hole and the air curtain hole are connected to the air supply pipe, a garbage distributor is arranged in the combustion chamber of the furnace body, and a waste heat boiler is arranged side by side with the combustion chamber. This patented technology does not solve the problem of oxygenation and combustion-supporting of rubbish very well, and its combustion is insufficient.

The patent technical document with Chinese patent number 200620077797.6 discloses a patented technology of "garbage harmless treatment device". Dust removal pool, flue gas resistance channel, induced draft fan and smoke exhaust port, etc., among which the incinerator consists of a shell, a furnace, a grate, a slag discharge port, a feeding port, a flue, etc., and the feeding port is located on the top of the furnace. A flue is a chamber that surrounds the outer wall. This patented technology does not solve the problem of oxygenation and combustion-supporting to rubbish equally, and its combustion is insufficient.

Comprehensive analysis of the above several patented technologies, in addition to the above defects, all fail to solve the problem of sorting garbage, removing non-combustible garbage, and adsorption of toxic gases and smoke. The exhausted smoke contains toxic substances, so in It is technically flawed and incomplete.

Contents of the invention

The first problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a garbage incineration treatment device, the purpose of which is to fully burn the garbage, reduce the emission of flue gas and pollutants therein, and realize the harmless treatment of the garbage.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the provided waste incineration treatment device includes an incinerator body and a flue gas treatment facility to perform harmless treatment of garbage, and the described flue gas treatment facility is as follows The flow sequence of the flue gas produced by the combustion of the incinerator body includes a flow rate control component, a turbulent flue gas channel, a high-pressure spray dust removal tank, an activated carbon adsorption chamber, an induced draft fan and a flue gas drying chamber, wherein the flue gas drying chamber It is arranged on the upper part of the incinerator body and surrounds the outer wall of the furnace body, and its outlet is connected with the chimney.

The present invention also provides the following more detailed and specific technical solutions to better realize the purpose of the invention and fully reflect the novelty and creativity of the present invention:

The structure and shape of the incinerator body and the technical plan for setting the oxygen increasing tube: the shape of the vertical section of the incinerator body is approximately elliptical with the dimension in the up and down direction larger than the dimension in the horizontal direction, and the lower part of the incinerator body is provided with a horizontal On the cast iron grate of the air intake, the garbage is spread on the cast iron grate, and in the middle of the upper plane where the cast iron grate is covered with garbage, an aeration pipe is connected to it. The aeration pipe is shell-shaped, and the diameter of the upper part is larger than The diameter of the lower part is provided with a plurality of air holes on the shell, and the opening of the lower part is connected with the blower outside the incinerator body through a pipeline, and the pipeline is also provided with an air flow regulating valve.

The technical scheme of the flue gas discharge structure on the incinerator body is as follows: on the upper part of the incinerator body and below the flue gas drying chamber, an upper flue and a lower flue that are close to the incinerator body are arranged, and the two flues pass through The horizontal upper and lower flue partitions are separated, and the upper and lower flue partitions are provided with a number of upper and lower flue through holes; the upper flue flue gas inlets with a plurality of through holes are set on the described incinerator body to make the furnace and The upper flue is connected; a furnace flue gas outlet is provided outside the lower flue, and the furnace flue gas outlet connects the lower flue with the flue gas treatment facilities through the flue gas pipe.

The technical scheme of the structure of the flow rate control member: the flow rate control member is a box-shaped member, and the two ends of the shell are respectively provided with a flow control flue gas inlet and a flow control flue gas outlet, and the flow control flue gas inlet and incineration The pipes of the flue gas discharge structure of the furnace body are connected; the flow control flue gas outlet is connected with the intake pipe of the turbulent flue gas channel; a crescent-shaped smoke baffle is arranged inside the flow rate control member, and its arc The inner concave faces the direction of flow control smoke inlet. On the top of the inner concave surface of the crescent-shaped smoke baffle, there are a plurality of smoke baffle disorder hooks, and the direction of the hook head faces the direction of smoke inflow.

The structural technical scheme of the turbulent flue gas channel: the flue gas inlet of the turbulent flue gas channel is connected with the smoke outlet pipe of the flow rate control member on the turbulent flue gas duct; A plurality of turbulent channel turbulent hooks are provided, the hook shape of which faces the direction of smoke inflow, and the structure of each row of turbulent channel turbulent hooks is staggered and inverted, and the up and down directions of the hook heads are opposite to each other; the turbulent smoke channel Below is the circulating pool. The turbulent flue gas channel is connected with the circulating pool.

Structural technical scheme of the high-pressure spray dedusting tank: the interior of the high-pressure spray dedusting tank is provided with a plurality of spray chambers, and each spray chamber is distributed sequentially around the central circumference of the high-pressure spray dedusting tank in the direction of the horizontal plane. A high-pressure shower head is arranged above the shower room; the water pool below the high-pressure spray dedusting pool communicates with the circulating water pool.

The technical solution for setting the above-mentioned spraying chambers: among the multiple spraying chambers distributed sequentially in rotation, the first spraying chamber communicates with the turbulent flue gas channel, and the first spraying chamber The room and the second spray room are separated by a smoke mesh steel plate; the rest of the spray rooms are connected by the flue gas outlet, and the last spray room is isolated from the first spray room by a partition; Above the last spray chamber, a high-pressure spray flue gas outlet is provided and communicated with the smoke inlet pipe of the activated carbon adsorption chamber.

The structural technical scheme of the activated carbon adsorption chamber: the activated carbon adsorption chamber is provided with the flue gas inlet of the activated carbon chamber connected with the smoke outlet pipe of the high-pressure spray dedusting tank, and the smoke outlet of the activated carbon chamber is connected with the smoke inlet pipe of the induced draft fan; In the activated carbon adsorption chamber described above, a plurality of activated carbon storage frames are provided, and the frames are provided with densely distributed small holes, and activated carbon is installed in the frames. The circulation channel of gas in the activated carbon adsorption chamber is an "S"-shaped tortuous channel.

A sieve plate is set in the waste incineration treatment device of the present invention, and its structure is a steel plate or a cast iron plate covered with holes. Garbage holding cavity.

The second problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide the processing method adopted by the above-mentioned garbage incineration treatment device. The purpose of the invention is the same as the above-mentioned technical solution. The garbage incineration treatment process of the garbage incineration treatment device is:

a. Garbage sorting: first simply sort the garbage, remove some larger and incombustible garbage, and pass the rest of the garbage through the sieve plate to screen out the smaller incombustible construction waste, etc.; roughly sort the garbage Divided into combustible garbage and relatively combustible garbage;

b. Incinerator combustion: In the incinerator body, through the way of increasing oxygen inside the garbage, the contact area between the garbage and oxygen is increased, so that the garbage can be fully burned;

c. Flue gas floating flow: the flue gas rises, the slag deposits downward, and the flue gas flows irregularly in the gaps of the slag, so that the flue gas can maintain a certain burning time;

d. Smoke storage pool in the furnace: the dome on the top of the furnace is the smoke storage pool in the furnace. The smoke rises to the top of the furnace and rubs against the furnace wall to form a tumbling flow and increase the burning time;

e. Upper flue: the flue gas enters the upper flue through the flue gas inlet of the upper flue;

f. Lower flue: the flue gas enters the lower flue through the upper and lower flue holes;

g. Flow rate control: the flue gas enters the flow rate control component through the flue gas outlet of the furnace, and the component forms a recoil channel for the flue gas, which slows down the flow rate and generates backflow in turn to increase the density of the flue gas;

h. Turbulent flow channel: Increase the friction of the flue gas through the turbulent flow channel turbulent hook, further disturb the flue gas, slow down the flow velocity, and make the dust in it be absorbed by the circulating water pool, reducing the dust content in the flue gas;

i. Spray pool: The flue gas and high-pressure spray water are fully contacted and exchanged to further remove the dust in the flue gas;

j. Activated carbon adsorption: Adsorb harmful gases and harmful particles in the flue gas through activated carbon;

k. Induced fan: provide power for the flow of flue gas;

l. Flue gas drying treatment: the flue gas is sent to the flue gas drying chamber on the upper part of the incinerator body by the induced draft fan, and the flue gas with high moisture content after high-pressure spraying is dried by using the heat of the incinerator body;

m. Emission: The treated flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney.

The present invention adopts the above-mentioned technical scheme to preliminarily sort and reject the garbage before burning, to ensure that all the garbage entering the furnace body is combustible garbage, and to improve the efficiency of garbage burning; Oxygen, garbage combustion is more fully; using turbulence hook to disturb the flue gas, circulating water dust removal, high-pressure water spraying, activated carbon to adsorb harmful gases and dust particles, and using the heat of the furnace to dry the flue gas, so that the flue gas The effect of dust removal and drying is better, which makes the final smoke and dust more pure, and realizes the harmless treatment of the smoke.

Description of drawings

The following is a brief description of the content expressed in the drawings of this manual and the marks in the drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structure expanded schematic diagram of the garbage incineration treatment device provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the block flow diagram of the waste incineration process flow provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the incinerator body involved in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the flow velocity control member involved in the present invention;

Figure 5 is a top view of the structure shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the turbulent flue gas duct and the high-pressure spray dedusting tank involved in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a top view of the structure shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the activated carbon adsorption chamber involved in the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a top view of the structure shown in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a top view of the waste incineration treatment device shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the sieve plate involved in the present invention.

Labeled in the figure:

1. Incinerator body, 2. Flue gas treatment facilities, 3. Flow rate control components, 4. Turbulent flue gas channel, 5. High-pressure spray dust removal tank, 6. Activated carbon adsorption chamber, 7. Induced fan, 8. Smoke Gas drying chamber, 9. Sieve plate, 10. Chimney, 11. Feed pipe, 12. Feeding platform, 13. Fireproof protective layer of furnace, 14. Aeration pipe, 15. Furnace body ballast removal door, 16. Cast iron Stove grate, 17. Insulation material of furnace body, 18. Lower flue, 19. Upper flue, 20. Rib plate of material table, 21. Smoke inlet of drying chamber, 22. Flue gas inlet of upper flue, 23. Furnace smoke Gas outlet, 24, upper and lower flue partitions, 25, upper and lower flue through holes, 26, flow control flue gas inlet, 27, flow control flue gas outlet, 28, crescent-shaped smoke baffle, 29, flow control waste water tank, 30. Disturbance hook of smoke baffle, 31. Slag removal door of flow control box, 32. Flue gas inlet of turbulent flow channel, 33. Disturbance hook of turbulent flow channel, 34. Waste water tank of turbulent flow channel, 35. Circulating pool, 36. Overflow Orifice, 37, drain port, 38, high-pressure sprinkler head, 39, flue gas mesh steel plate, 40, high-pressure spray flue gas outlet, 41, flue gas flow port, 42, spray chamber, 43, activated carbon Chamber support, 44, activated carbon chamber flue gas inlet, 45, activated carbon placement frame, 46, activated carbon, 47, activated carbon chamber flue gas outlet, 48, activated carbon chamber cleaning port, 49, water storage tank.

Detailed ways

Referring to the accompanying drawings, through the description of the embodiments, the specific implementation of the present invention, such as the shape, structure, mutual position and connection relationship between the various parts, the function and working principle of each part, and the manufacturing process And the method of operation and use, etc., are described in further detail to help those skilled in the art have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention.

As shown in the structure of the present invention shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 to Fig. 11, the present invention provides a garbage incineration treatment device, including an incinerator body 1 and a flue gas treatment facility 2, for harmless treatment of garbage.

In order to solve the problems existing in the current known technologies described in the background technology section of this specification and overcome their defects, to achieve the purpose of fully burning the garbage, reducing the emission of smoke, and thus realizing the harmless treatment of the garbage, the present invention adopts The technical solution is:

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 10, in the garbage incineration treatment device provided by the present invention, the flue gas treatment facility 2 is arranged according to the flue gas flow sequence generated from the combustion of the incinerator body 1, and the flow rate control member 3, turbulent Flue gas duct 4, high-pressure spray dedusting pool 5, activated carbon adsorption chamber 6, induced draft fan 7 and flue gas drying chamber 8, wherein, described flue gas drying chamber 8 is located at the top of the incinerator body 1 and surrounds the furnace body Outer wall, its outlet links to each other with chimney 10. The inlet of the flue gas is the flue gas inlet 21 of the drying chamber, which is connected with the output pipeline of the induced draft fan 7 .

In the above-mentioned technical scheme, a reasonable structure of the incinerator body 1 is adopted to fully burn the garbage, and multi-process treatment is performed on the flue gas discharged from the combustion, so that the dust removal, detoxification, and drying effects of the flue gas are better, so that the final The smoke and dust emitted are purer, realizing the harmless treatment of the flue gas. In particular, making full use of the heat lost by the furnace body and drying the flue gas can prevent and reduce the spread of foul odors, keep the surrounding environment and air fresh, and have a compact and beautiful appearance.

In the form of several embodiments recommended by the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, and the implementation manner of the present invention is introduced more clearly and completely:

One, the structure of incinerator body 1, shape and the implementation example of arranging oxygen increasing pipe 14:

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, the shape of the incinerator body 1 and the technical scheme for setting the oxygen increasing pipe 14: the shape of the vertical section of the incinerator body 1 is an approximate ellipse whose size in the up and down direction is greater than the size in the horizontal direction , the bottom of the incinerator body 1 is provided with a cast iron grate 16 for air intake, and is arranged in a horizontal direction, and rubbish is spread on the cast iron grate 16 .

In addition, on the cast iron grate 16, where the garbage is not easily exposed to the air, an oxygen supply device for strengthening the garbage is also provided. Forced oxygen supply is implemented inside the center exposed to fresh air, so that the interior of the garbage can be fully burned. The oxygen-increasing pipe 14 is shell-shaped, and the diameter of the upper part is greater than that of the lower part. The housing is provided with a plurality of air holes, and the opening of the lower part is connected with the blower provided outside the incinerator body 1 through a pipeline. There is also an air flow adjustment valve.

Establish the purpose of oxygen increasing pipe 14, be because in large-scale incinerator, because the rubbish of one-time input is more, for preventing the phenomenon of incomplete combustion caused by the lack of air in the rubbish center, increase the contact area of air and burning rubbish as far as possible. The oxygen-increasing pipe 14 is poured with a denser cast iron material, and the oxygen-increasing pipe 14 is conical tubular, erected in the middle of the cast iron grate 16, and fastened. Its height is not higher than the height of garbage laying, preferably close to this height. The diameter of the upper part is larger than that of the lower part, and many small air holes are arranged on the tube body. The injected oxygen is evenly sent to the combustion layer of the garbage through the pores, and mixed with the garbage that fills the space formed by the molten ash flowing down, and is carried out in sequence to achieve the purpose of complete combustion. Only complete combustion can reduce dust. and emissions of harmful gases. During use, according to the combustion conditions of the furnace, the size of the air flow adjustment valve should be adjusted in due course to control the air flow for oxygen supply.

In the prior art, most of the incinerator body adopts a civil structure, which occupies a large area (generally more than ten square meters), and when burning, the furnace body absorbs a large amount of heat energy, which affects the continuous and stable energy in the furnace. Combustion, the combustion time is prolonged, and there is no enhanced oxygen supply device. The present invention adopts the above-mentioned measures, and the occupied area is greatly reduced (about 3.5m ² ), which is only one-fifth of the original one.

In the present invention, the entire interior space of the furnace is approximately ellipsoidal in that the dimension in the vertical direction is larger than that in the horizontal direction, and a smoke storage pool can be formed on the top of the furnace body, which is beneficial to the combustion. The body of furnace is made of low carbon steel (as Q235) steel plate, and the hearth refractory protection layer 13 is piled up for the whole furnace inner wall. Because the density of the refractory mud itself is relatively high, there are regular tie hooks welded on the inner wall of the furnace. There is a certain gap between the periphery of the body of furnace and the hearth, and the heat insulating material 17 of the body of furnace is filled to prevent the heat generated during combustion from distributing to the body of the furnace to reduce the temperature of the hearth and affect the combustion of internal garbage.

Two, the implementation example of the flue gas discharge structure on the incinerator body 1:

As shown in Figure 3, on the upper part of the incinerator body 1 and below the flue gas drying chamber 8, an upper flue 19 and a lower flue 18 that are closely attached to the incinerator body 1 are provided. The two flues pass through the horizontal upper and lower The flue partitions 24 are separated, and the upper and lower flue partitions 24 are provided with a number of upper and lower flue through holes 25; the upper flue gas inlets 22 in the shape of a plurality of through holes are set on the incinerator body 1. Make the furnace communicate with the upper flue 19; set a furnace flue gas outlet 23 outside the lower flue 18, and the furnace flue gas outlet 23 communicates the lower flue 18 with the flue gas treatment facility 2 through the flue gas pipeline.

On the top of the incinerator body 1, an upper flue 19 and a lower flue 18 are used as a smoke storage tank. Three upper and lower flue through holes 25 can be set on the upper and lower flue partitions 24, so that the upper flue 19 communicates with the lower flue 18; and the upper flue 19 communicates with the furnace by setting five upper flue gas inlets 22 of. The lower flue 18 sends the flue gas in the flue gas storage tank to the flue gas treatment facility 2 through an outer furnace flue gas outlet 23 for flue gas treatment. The flue gas produced during the combustion of the entire furnace is sent into the upper flue 19 through the 5 upper flue flue gas inlets 22 of the dome on the upper part of the furnace body, and then the flue gas is sent to the upper flue 19 by the 3 upper and lower flue partitions 24 on the upper and lower flue partitions. The flue through hole 25 is sent into the lower flue 18, and is sent out of the furnace body by a furnace flue gas outlet 23 at last. The number of through holes on the flue gas circulation path is 5-3-1 distribution, the purpose is to promote the flue gas flow to be subject to certain resistance, the flow is reasonable, and regular movement is generated, increasing the flue gas density in the upper and lower flues, and increasing the storage capacity in the chamber. The flue gas temperature in the smoke pool prevents heat loss in the combustion layer. Most of the flue gas can return to the furnace for secondary combustion with the discontinuous propagation of the flue gas in the upper part of the furnace. An insulation layer is also provided on the periphery of the flue.

The top of the incinerator body 1 is provided with a feed pipe 11 for adding garbage fuel, and a feeding platform 12 is set outside the incinerator body 1 top, flush with the feed port, so that the garbage can enter the incinerator body 1 easily. hearth. The area of the feeding platform 12 is relatively large, so a material platform rib 20 is arranged below it to strengthen the connection with the incinerator body 1 and obtain stable support.

In the lower part of the entire furnace body components, the large incinerator is equipped with a welded steel support frame, and the delivery pipeline of the oxygen increasing pipe 14 is inserted into the cast iron grate 16 through holes on the left and right sides of the furnace body ballast removal door 15 according to the actual situation. The lower part in the middle of it is connected with the oxygen increasing pipe 14, and its outer end is connected with the air flow regulating valve and the blower.

The upper part of the hearth of large and medium-sized incinerators is equipped with a rain cover for the feed inlet and a harmful gas cover.

The following relates to the specific implementation method of flue gas treatment facility 2:

3. Implementation example of the overall structure of flue gas treatment facilities:

In the prior art, civil flue gas treatment facilities are generally used, which occupy a large area (up to 28-29m ² or even larger). As shown in Figure 10, the flue gas treatment facility 2 in the present invention only has an area of about ^14m2 , which is reduced by half and saves land resources.

Four, the implementation example of flow velocity control member 3 structure:

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 10, the flow rate control member 3 is a box-shaped member, and the two ends of the housing are respectively provided with a flow control flue gas inlet 26 and a flow control flue gas outlet 27, so The flow control flue gas inlet 26 is communicated with the pipeline of the flue gas discharge structure of the incinerator body 1; the flow control flue gas outlet 27 is communicated with the intake pipe of the turbulent flue gas passage 4; A crescent-shaped smoke baffle 28 is arranged inside the control member 3, and its arc-shaped concave is facing the direction of the flow control smoke inlet 26. On the top of the concave surface of the crescent-shaped smoke baffle 28, a plurality of smoke baffles are arranged in disorder. The hook 30 has a hook-shaped hook head facing the direction of smoke inflow. Its hook direction is downward.

The crescent-shaped smoke baffle 28 is arranged at a position behind the flow of smoke in the box-shaped member of the flow rate control member 3 . The top of the inner concave surface of the crescent-shaped smoke baffle 28 is a passage for smoke to flow. The function of the smoke baffle turbulent hook 30 is to concentrate the normal stress of the flue gas sent into the box-shaped member from the flue and collide with the crescent-shaped smoke baffle 28, and gradually change to generate shear stress. After the flue gas is dispersed While concentrating again, slow down the speed and generate backflow in turn to increase the density of flue gas. Two flow control box slag removal doors 31 are arranged at the bottom of the box-shaped member of the flow velocity control member 3, and these two doors are sealed during normal operation. Dust and mist can be accumulated at the bottom of the box, and the flow control box slag removal door 31 can be opened regularly to clean up, reduce acid corrosion, remove deposits, and prolong the service life.

The above structure increases the friction coefficient without reducing the flow rate, and the fluid stress changes accordingly, slowing down the flow velocity to run to the next group of components. Although the flow speed of the flue gas is slowed down here, the temperature is relatively high, so a flow control waste water tank 29 is provided on the upper part of the flow rate control member 3, and the clean water is used to absorb the heat conducted on the box body of the flow rate control member 3 , to recycle the waste heat, and to reduce the temperature of the flow rate control member 3, prolonging the service life.

5. Example of structural implementation of turbulent flue gas channel 4:

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 10, a turbulent flow flue gas inlet 32 is provided on the turbulent flue gas passage 4 to communicate with the smoke outlet pipe of the flow velocity control member 3; the turbulent flue gas flue 4. There are multiple rows, and each row is provided with a plurality of turbulent flow channel disorder hooks 33, the hook shape of which faces the direction of smoke inflow, and the structure of each row of turbulent flow channel disorder hooks 33 is staggered and inverted, and the hook head is directed upwards and downwards. They are opposite to each other; below the turbulent flue gas channel 4 is a circulating water pool 35 , and the turbulent flue gas channel 4 communicates with the circulating water pool 35 . The dust falling here falls into the circulating water pool 35, so the water in the circulating water pool 35 needs to be treated.

The function of the above structure is to make the flue gas flowing from the flow rate control member 3 repeatedly collide with the multiple turbulent flow channel turbulent hooks 33 inside the turbulent flue gas channel 4 to increase friction and achieve the purpose of dust removal and gravitational consumption of the flue gas. Without reducing the flow rate, the speed of flue gas flow is slowed down, and the dust in the flue gas falls into the circulation pool 35 below the turbulent flue gas channel 4, creating correct boundary conditions for the flue gas to enter the next component . In the turbulent flue gas channel 4, because the structures of the disordered hooks 33 in each row of the turbulent channel are staggered and inverted, the flue gas flows in an "S"-shaped curve, which increases the alternating friction between the flue gas and the vertical plates and the turbulent hooks , to slow down the prevalence. Above the inside of the turbulent flue gas duct 4, a high-pressure shower head (generally two) may be provided for preliminary cooling and dust removal. The circulating water pool 35 below the turbulent flue gas duct 4 communicates with the external water storage pool 49, and the water storage pool 49 is used as a circulating water pool, which is convenient for processing, such as chemical reaction, removal of deposited sludge, and the like.

The circulating pool 35 is provided with an overflow port 36 at its water surface and a drain port 37 at its bottom. During use, the current keeps flowing.

On the outside above the turbulent flue gas channel 4, the turbulent flow channel residual hot water tank 34 is set to be in close contact with the shell of the turbulent flue gas channel 4, and its function is the same as that of the flow control residual hot water tank 29, which also uses clean water to absorb turbulent flue gas The heat conducted on the channel 4 box is used to recover and utilize the waste heat.

6. Example of structure implementation of high-pressure spray dedusting pool 5:

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 10, the inside of described high-pressure spray dedusting pool 5 is provided with a plurality of spray chambers 42, and each spray chamber 42 surrounds the high-pressure spray dedusting pool 5 in the horizontal direction. The central circumference of the center is distributed sequentially, and a high-pressure shower head 38 is set above each spray chamber 42;

In the high-pressure spray dedusting tank 5, in addition to returning to the furnace for combustion and the smoke removed by the friction of the flue gas of the previous component, there are many fine soot that must be exchanged with water after chemical reaction through this component to achieve further dust removal and desulfurization. Purpose. The high-pressure shower head 38 is connected with the water pipe of the high-pressure water pump, and the water sprayed by it flows into the circulating pool 35 after absorbing smoke and dust, and its sludge part enters the water storage tank 49 through the drain port 37. Flow port 36 overflows, keeps the stability of water surface height.

Seven, the implementation example of above-mentioned shower chamber 42 settings:

As shown in Figure 6, among the plurality of spray chambers 42 that are distributed sequentially in rotation, the first spray chamber 42 communicates with the turbulent flue gas passage 4, and the first spray chamber 42 communicates with the turbulent flue gas channel 4. The second spray chamber 42 is separated by smoke sieve steel plates 39; the rest of the spray chambers 42 are connected by smoke outlet 41, and the last spray chamber 42 and the first spray chamber 42 are connected by The clapboard is isolated; Above the last spray chamber 42, a high-pressure spray flue gas outlet 40 is established and communicated with the smoke inlet pipe of the activated carbon adsorption chamber 6. The flue gas homeopathic flue port 41 is arranged below the partition.

The flue gas directly enters the first spray chamber 42 from the turbulent flue gas channel 4 and is sprayed by high-pressure water, then enters the second spray chamber 42 through the pores of the flue gas mesh steel plate 39 to continue spraying, and then passes through the smoke The gas enters the third and fourth spray chambers 42 sequentially along the flue port 41, and finally flows out from the high-pressure spray flue gas outlet 40.

Eight, the structural implementation example of described activated carbon adsorption chamber 6:

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, the flue gas inlet 44 of the activated carbon chamber is set in the activated carbon adsorption chamber 6 to communicate with the flue gas outlet pipe of the high-pressure spray dedusting pool 5, and the flue gas outlet 47 of the activated carbon chamber is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the activated carbon chamber. The smoke inlet duct of blower fan 7 is communicated; In described gac adsorption chamber 6, establish a plurality of gac placement frames 45, its frame body is provided with densely covered apertures, gac 46 is housed in its frame, each gac placement frame 45 with They are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the activated carbon adsorption chamber 6 in a staggered manner, so that the flow channel of the flue gas in the activated carbon adsorption chamber 6 is an "S"-shaped zigzag channel.

The flue gas after dedusting by high-pressure spraying contains toxic gas and fine dust. The activated carbon 46, an adsorption material installed inside the module, absorbs toxic gas and fine dust, and replaces it regularly to achieve the purpose of harmless emission. The activated carbon adsorption chamber 6 is supported on the foundation of the civil engineering through the activated carbon chamber bracket 43 . The bottom of the activated carbon adsorption chamber 6 is provided with an activated carbon chamber cleaning port 48. After running for a period of time, the activated carbon placement frame 45 can be cleaned to maintain the function of absorbing smoke.

Nine, the implementation example of induced draft fan 7:

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 10, the induced draft fan 7 is a power component for flue gas to rise and flow, and its function is to send the flue gas produced by the waste combustion to each component for processing through its twitching and pushing. The treated flue gas is then pushed into the furnace top flue gas drying chamber 8 for drying and then discharged. There is a throttling plate at the mouth of the smoke inlet pipe to adjust the flow rate. The size of the flow adjustment can be determined according to the combustion situation of the furnace and the treatment and emission of the flue gas, so as to achieve a reasonable flue gas flow and normal gas discharge. The induced draft fan 7 generally adopts a centrifugal fan, and the motor is directly connected, and its power needs about 1.5kw.

10. Example of the structure of the sieve plate and its setting position:

As shown in Figure 11, in the garbage incineration treatment device of the present invention, a sieve plate 9 is established, and its structure is a steel plate or cast iron plate full of holes, and its position is outside the feed port of the described incinerator body 1 and horizontally. Set, below it is provided with the holding cavity that can't burn the rubbish. The holes in Fig. 11 are simplified expressions, that is, only the positions of a few holes are drawn, and the rest only draw the central positions.

The sieve plate 9 can automatically slide off the coal cake slag in the garbage and the debris in the construction waste and other non-combustible debris through the leak hole provided on it when entering the garbage, and together with the burned residue treatment, reduce the content of flame retardant components in the furnace, and improve the efficiency and quality of combustion. The sieve plate 9 must be placed synchronously during foundation civil construction.

Eleven, the present invention also provides the processing method adopted by the above-mentioned waste incineration treatment device, and an implementation example of its waste incineration treatment process:

As shown in Figure 2, the process of waste incineration and flue gas treatment is as follows:

a. Garbage sorting: simply sort the garbage first, and remove some larger, incombustible garbage, and the rest of the garbage passes through the sieve plate 9 to screen out the smaller incombustible construction waste, etc.; Garbage is divided into combustible garbage and relatively combustible garbage;

b. Incinerator combustion: In the incinerator body 1, the contact area between the garbage and oxygen is increased by increasing the oxygen inside the garbage, so that the garbage can be fully burned;

c. Flue gas floating flow: the flue gas rises, the slag deposits downward, and the flue gas flows irregularly in the gaps of the slag, so that the flue gas can maintain a certain burning time;

d. Smoke storage pool in the furnace: the dome on the top of the furnace is the smoke storage pool in the furnace. The smoke rises to the top of the furnace and rubs against the furnace wall to form a tumbling flow and increase the burning time;

e. Upper flue: the flue gas enters the upper flue 19 through the flue gas inlet 22 of the upper flue;

f. Lower flue: the flue gas enters the lower flue 18 through the upper and lower flue holes 25;

g. Flow rate control: the flue gas enters the flow rate control member 3 through the furnace flue gas outlet 23, and this member forms a flue gas recoil channel, slows down the flow rate and generates backflow in turn, and increases the flue gas density;

h. Turbulent flow channel: increase the friction of the flue gas through the turbulent flow channel turbulent hook 33, further disturb the flue gas, slow down the flow velocity, and make the dust in it be absorbed by the circulating water pool, reducing the dust content in the flue gas;

i. Spray tank: The flue gas and high-pressure spray water are fully contacted and exchanged to further remove the dust in the flue gas; the water in the spray tank flows into the circulating water pool 35, and then it is introduced into the chemical reaction tank, and chemical preparations are added. And reaction, then it is introduced into the water storage tank 49, and is taken out by the water pump for recycling.

j. Activated carbon adsorption: Adsorb harmful gases and harmful particles in the flue gas through activated carbon 46;

k. Induced fan: provide power for the flow of flue gas;

l. Flue gas drying treatment: the flue gas is sent to the flue gas drying chamber 8 on the upper part of the incinerator body 1 by the induced draft fan 7, and the flue gas with high moisture content after high-pressure spraying is dried by using the heat of the incinerator body 1 ;

m. Emission: the treated flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney 10 .

12. The process of garbage incineration and the corresponding operation methods:

After the garbage enters the incineration site, it must be sorted and processed to remove or screen out construction waste, glass, broken metal, etc. that cannot be burned. Especially in the later stage of normal combustion, there is a lot of crushed garbage. It is necessary to make it pass through the sieve plate 9 as much as possible to slide off the non-combustible garbage. In a state of high-temperature combustion, the combustion speed and quality are improved, and the production of hydroxides is reduced.

Combustible garbage is also divided into combustible garbage and more combustible garbage. Before burning, it should be sorted. After sorting, combustible garbage can be used for priming and starting a fire, and a thicker layer is laid on the cast iron grate 16, and then a layer of more combustible garbage is laid, and then ignited and burned from under the grate . Only in this way can there be sufficient primer to promote the burning of more flammable garbage.

Use some matches to start a fire. After the fire starts, throw in combustible garbage first. The initial burning must be carried out according to the principle of "throwing less and more times", and throw it wherever there is an empty space for garbage burning. Eliminate the occurrence of empty craters, eliminate the contradiction between insufficient air and excess air in the combustion chamber in turn, and keep the entire combustion layer burning stably and evenly. Only with uniform and stable combustion can it be easy to form a sufficient primer layer in the furnace. After the primer is formed, it can be added and supplemented according to the feeding method of "more feeding and less feeding".

The uniform primer thickness of density is generally 45～55cm (parallel with aeration pipe 14 upper ends), enters the combustion layer and the mixed burning air of rubbish from cast iron grate 16 bottoms and will pass through whole rubbish layer more evenly like this.

In the early stage of combustion, the furnace body ballast removal door 15, which is highly parallel to the cast iron grate 16, should be opened as much as possible. If the opening time is long, two equal-velocity but not-isothermal parallel flows will come into contact, and the temperature layer of the furnace will change sharply, affecting the temperature inside the furnace. Keep heating up.

After combustion, smoke with irregular movement is produced, but the temperature is relatively high. Under the premise of forced convection by the induced draft fan 7, there is a large amount of smoke with combustible volatiles and smoke, which is generated from the surroundings of the garbage and the irregular shell gaps. Flowing up and down. Such treatment can promote the residence time of flue gas in the furnace within 5 to 10 seconds. The combustible volatiles and dust in the flue gas are relatively less. After the combustible garbage is burned, it gradually turns into ash and flows back to the lower part of the cast iron grate 16. After the upper part is burned, it melts and flows down irregularly, forming cracks. Because the temperature of the shell after burning is very high, the burning speed is too fast. The speed of flue gas flow is accelerated, which will take away a large amount of combustible volatile matter and dust. At this time, combustible garbage should be added as soon as possible.

The present invention is provided with upper and lower layers of flue in the chamber. Under the premise of forced convection, the flue gas rushes directly into the dome above the furnace, and then, under the action of the flue gas impinging airflow, rubs against the furnace wall of the furnace dome to form a regular tumbling flow. The diffusion flow and viscous stress of the chemical components caused by the concentration gradient of the flue gas produced after combustion float from the surface of the combustion layer to the smoke storage pool at the top of the furnace in a reasonable and orderly manner. Under the action of flue gas buoyancy and forced convective gravity, flue gas is brought into the upper flue 19 by five upper flue flue gas inlets 22 of different sizes below the furnace dome. The rear flue gas enters the lower flue 18 in the chamber through the three upper and lower flue through holes 25 of different sizes at the bottom of the upper flue 19 , and finally enters the flow rate control member 3 through the furnace flue gas outlet 23 . The flue gas density of upper flue 19 can increase along with continuous flow like this. Therefore, the temperature in the chamber will not be lost due to too fast propagation speed, the temperature of the furnace will rise, the firepower of the combustion layer will be stabilized, the residence time of the flue gas in the furnace will be more reasonable, and the smoke and dust will be relatively reduced.

Only through such a way to conduct flue gas, the flue gas density, viscous stress and mass diffusion coefficient between the combustion layer and the flue gas outlet are relatively stable and reasonable. It is a normal phenomenon to have regular tumbling movement and no smoke going up.

After the stable flow field is formed, the burning speed is accelerated, and the ash and slag in the carbonized layer also increases thereupon, continuously flowing downward, and blocking the cast iron grate 16 space. If the ash is not passed in time, the supplementary air in the furnace will be blocked, which will affect the combustion. When passing the slag, pay attention to observe where it is dark and pass it. During the slag discharge, a large number of sparks were found to slide down, so the slag discharge was stopped. Make the incoming air as uniform as possible. Due to the different properties and water content of the waste, coking is easy to occur during the preheating process. If the coke block is crushed and hooked out from the furnace body ballasting door 15 with a drill in time, it will block the air from entering the combustion layer and cause the contradiction between insufficient air and excess air, which will affect normal combustion. While burning, observe the fire, often clean the slag and pick the furnace, keep the air in the furnace unblocked, increase the contact area between the air and the garbage, promote the full combustion of the garbage, and reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides. The pollution of the natural environment is largely caused by heat and mass transfer.

The flue gas out of the furnace still contains a certain amount of dust. In order to prevent the smoke and dust from losing from the smoke outlet and polluting the environment, after controlling the flow and flow rate process, a high-pressure zone spray spray dedusting pool is set up, and the discharge of water is controlled. The water after spraying with circulating water is acidic water, so alkali is added regularly for chemical reaction. into neutral water. The dust slag that settles down for a long time in the storage tank 49 is also regularly taken out and then dried and sent into the furnace in time to burn again with new rubbish, so as to reduce waste gas and waste water pollution of the environment as far as possible.

The invention requires less investment, is suitable for popularization and application in towns and villages in economically underdeveloped areas, does not need any auxiliary fuel, has low operating costs, and can also close the furnace for 3-5 days, reducing the transportation distance of garbage and saving expenses.

The present invention has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above methods, as long as various insubstantial improvements are adopted in the method concept and technical solutions of the present invention, or there is no improvement Directly applying the conception and technical solutions of the present invention to other occasions falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. waste incineration treatment apparatus, comprise and burn body of heater (1), flue gas treatment facility (2), rubbish is carried out harmless treatment, described flue gas treatment facility (2) is by the flue gas flow order that produces from burning body of heater (1) burning, if flow velocity control member (3), turbulent flow gas flue (4), high-pressure spraying dedusting pond (5), charcoal absorption chamber (6), air-introduced machine (7) and flue gas drying chamber (8), wherein, described flue gas drying chamber (8) is located at the outer wall of the top loop of burning body of heater (1) around body of heater, its outlet links to each other with chimney (10), it is characterized in that: described flow velocity control member (3) is a box component, its housing two ends are established flow-control gas approach (26) and flow-control exhanst gas outlet (27) respectively, and described flow-control gas approach (26) is communicated with the pipeline of the flue gas discharge structure that burns body of heater (1); Described flow-control exhanst gas outlet (27) is communicated with the admission line of turbulent gas flue (4); Establish selenodont smoke barrier (28) in described flow velocity control member (3) inside, its arc indent is towards the direction of flow-control gas approach (26), top at described selenodont smoke barrier (28) inner concave, be provided with the disorderly hook (30) of a plurality of smoke barriers, the direction that the gib head direction of its hook-type flows into towards flue gas.

2. according to the described waste incineration treatment apparatus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the size that is shaped as above-below direction in the vertical direction cross section of described burning body of heater (1) is greater than the approximate ellipsoidal of the size of horizontal direction, burn the bottom of body of heater (1) and establish the cast iron grate that is used for air inlet (16) of level, rubbish is layered on the cast iron grate (16), spread the centre on the last plane of rubbish at cast iron grate (16), if oxygen increasing tube (14) is connected with it, described oxygen increasing tube (14) is a case shape, upper part diameter is greater than the diameter of bottom, housing is provided with a plurality of pores, the opening of its underpart air blast outer with burning body of heater (1) is connected by pipeline, also is provided with the air flow rate adjustment valve door on this pipeline.

3. according to the described waste incineration treatment apparatus of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the flue gas discharge structure on the described burning body of heater (1) is: in the top of burning body of heater (1), the below of flue gas drying chamber (8), if with burn body of heater (1) around upper flue of being close to (19) and lower flue (18), two flues separate by the buffler up and down (24) of level, establish some lower flue through holes (25) of going up on the described buffler (24) up and down; The upper flue gas approach (22) of establishing a plurality of shape of through holes on described burning body of heater (1) makes burner hearth be communicated with upper flue (19); Establish a burner hearth exhanst gas outlet (23) in the outside of lower flue (18), this burner hearth exhanst gas outlet (23) makes lower flue (18) be communicated with flue gas treatment facility (2) by flue.

4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described waste incineration treatment apparatus, it is characterized in that: establish turbulent road gas approach (32) on the described turbulent gas flue (4) and be communicated with the smoke pipeline of flow velocity control member (3); Be provided with many rows in the described turbulent gas flue (4), every row is provided with the disorderly hooks (33) in a plurality of turbulent roads again, the direction that its hook-type flows into towards flue gas, and arrange respectively that the coupler body of the disorderly hook in turbulent road (33) staggeredly is inverted, the gib head above-below direction is opposite mutually; The below of described turbulent gas flue (4) is circulating water pool (35), and turbulent gas flue (4) is communicated with circulating water pool (35).

5. according to the described waste incineration treatment apparatus of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the inside in described high-pressure spraying dedusting pond (5) is provided with a plurality of spray chambers (42), each spray chamber (42) distributes in proper order in the center circumferential of horizontal plane direction around high-pressure spraying dedusting pond (5), and a high-pressure spraying head (38) is established in the top of each spray chamber (42); The pond of the below in high-pressure spraying dedusting pond (5) is communicated with circulating water pool (35).

6. according to the described waste incineration treatment apparatus of claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described a plurality of spray chambers (42) that rotation distributes in proper order successively, first spray chamber (42) is communicated with described turbulent gas flue (4), adopts flue gas sieve aperture steel plate (39) to separate between first spray chamber (42) and second spray chamber (42); All the other spray chambers (42) adopt the flue gas mouth (41) of taking advantage of a situation to be communicated with, and adopt dividing plate to completely cut off between last spray chamber (42) and first spray chamber (42); The top of a spray chamber (42) is in the end established high-pressure spraying exhanst gas outlet (40) and is communicated with the smoke-intake pipe road of charcoal absorption chamber (6).

7. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 5 or 6 described waste incineration treatment apparatus, it is characterized in that: established sieve plate (9) in the described waste incineration treatment apparatus, its structure is steel plate or the cast iron plate that is covered with the hole, its position is outside the charging aperture of described burning body of heater (1) and be horizontally disposed with, its below be provided with can not combustion refuse the cavity of taking in.

8. the processing method that is adopted according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 5 or 6 described waste incineration treatment apparatus, it is characterized in that: the incineration treatment of garbage flow process of described waste incineration treatment apparatus is:

A), garbage sorting: earlier rubbish is simply sorted, some are bigger, aphlogistic rubbish is rejected, and all the other rubbish passed through sieve plate (9), and less aphlogistic building waste etc. is screened out; Roughly rubbish is divided into incendive garbage and than incendive garbage;

B), incinerator burning: in burning body of heater (1),, increase the contact area of rubbish and oxygen, rubbish is fully burnt by the mode of the inner oxygenation of rubbish;

C), the flue gas buoyance lift flows: flue gas rises, and slag is to deposit, and flue gas is irregular flowing in the slit of slag, makes flue gas keep certain burning time;

D), the interior storage of burner hearth cigarette pond: the dome of roof of the furnace is storage cigarette pond in the burner hearth, and flue gas rises to roof of the furnace, and rubs with the furnace wall, and formation is rolled mobile, increases burning time;

E), upper flue: flue gas enters upper flue (19) by upper flue gas approach (22);

F), lower flue: flue gas enters lower flue (18) by last lower flue through hole (25);

G), flow velocity control: flue gas enters flow velocity control member (3) by burner hearth exhanst gas outlet (23), and this member forms the recoil road of flue gas, slows down flow velocity and produces successively and reflux, and increases smoke density;

H), turbulent road: by the friction of the disorderly hook in turbulent road (33) increase flue gas, further make flue gas produce disturbance, slow down flow velocity, and make dust wherein be recycled the pond absorption, reduce dust in flue gas content;

I), spray pond: flue gas fully contacts exchange with HP shower, further dust in flue gas is removed;

J), charcoal absorption: by pernicious gas and the particulates emission in active carbon (46) the absorption flue gas;

K), air-introduced machine: the mobile power that provides of flue gas is provided;

L), flue gas drying is handled: by air-introduced machine (7) flue gas is sent into the flue gas drying chamber (8) of burning body of heater (1) top, utilize the heat that burns body of heater (1), carry out drying with containing the bigger flue gas of moisture behind the high-pressure spraying;

M), fume emission: the flue gas after will handling by chimney (10) enters atmosphere.

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