Nylon 6/ superfine calcium carbonate microparticle complex fiber and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to the composite fibre field, particularly relate to a kind of nylon 6/ superfine calcium carbonate microparticle complex fiber and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
One of important use of nylon resin is a fiber, is applied to take, all kinds of fabrics for industrial use etc.Higher always because of the nylon market price, therefore, many manufacturers are by the filling-modified cost of raw material that reduces of filler.The polymer/inorganic particle composite is the research focus in material field in recent years, and performances such as its mechanical property, toughness, heat resistance, DIMENSIONAL STABILITY are significantly increased than bulk polymer, and nylon/superfine calcium carbonate microparticle composite is one of them.Studies show that the mechanics of nylon 6/ superfine calcium carbonate microparticle composite, heat-resisting, resistance to compression, anti-solvent, performance such as wear-resisting all obtain raising in various degree, and greatly reduce cost, thereby have improved competitiveness of product.
Current, the research and development of polymer/inorganic particle compound both at home and abroad mainly concentrate on the plastics aspect, and the application of fiber aspect is also less.Chinese patent CN1821307 discloses a kind of method that reduces calcium carbonate granular filling nylon dragon 66 processing temperature of composite material, mix according to specific particle diameter and quality proportioning by calcium carbonate two kinds of different-grain diameters, with special ratios filled nylon-6 6, can obviously reduce the processing temperature of nylon 66, the mechanical performance of gained composite improves more than 30%, also can reach the minimizing energy consumption, the purpose that reduces cost.Chinese patent CN1865546 discloses a kind of polypropylene/clay composite fiber and preparation method thereof, and the fiber that makes has the excellent flame-retardant performance antistatic behaviour.But when nano-calcium carbonate and various property-modifying additive carry out the dry mixed processing usually; it only is a kind of mixing; then this compound is melt extruded the back with twin-screw and become band with a large amount of water quench; use the pelleter granulation; carry out drying after the granulation again; use for following road processing, as Chinese patent application numbers 03126909.5 and 200610034690.8.Obviously have energy consumption height, dust pollution, equipment investment is big, technology is numerous and diverse and because the resin second melting, the shortcoming that nano particle is reunited easily once more.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nylon 6/ superfine calcium carbonate microparticle complex fiber and preparation method thereof, utilize the method for mixing heating or adding heating, make the temperature of mixed system be increased to 180 ℃~230 ℃, nylon is softened and nano-calcium carbonate is evenly wrapped with other additive to be bonded on the nylon resin, and do not have serious adhesion between the nylon resin particle.The better performances of this fiber especially has good mechanical, heat-resisting, anti-wear performance, can be widely used in taking and association area such as all kinds of fabrics for industrial use; And its preparation technology is simple, control easily, and production cost is low, and is with short production cycle, environmentally friendly, is specially adapted to suitability for industrialized production.
Nylon 6/ superfine calcium carbonate microparticle complex fiber of the present invention, its weight are formed and are comprised 85~100 parts nylon chips, 0.5~10 part superfine calcium carbonate microparticle and 0.5~1 part surface conditioning agent.
Described nylon chips is spinning level nylon 6 or 66 sections, and its molecular weight is 15500~28000.
The particle diameter of described superfine calcium carbonate microparticle is 0.05~1 μ m, is shaped as spindle, cube, aciculiform, chain or sphere etc.
Described surface conditioning agent is one or more in hard ester acid, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, phosphate coupling agent, aluminium titanium composite coupler, the silane coupling agent.
The preparation method of nylon 6/ superfine calcium carbonate microparticle complex fiber of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) takes by weighing 85~100 parts nylon chips, 0.5~15 part superfine calcium carbonate microparticle and 0.01~0.5 part surface conditioning agent by weight;
(2) superfine calcium carbonate microparticle and surface conditioning agent are put into high-speed mixer, the rotating speed of high-speed mixer is 1000~6000r/min, preferred 3000~6000r/min, the time of mixing is 20~30min, add nylon chips again, heat up and continue and stir, utilize the method for mixing heating or adding heating, make the temperature of mixed system be increased to 140 ℃, nylon is softened and nano-calcium carbonate is evenly wrapped with other additive and be bonded on the nylon resin, and do not have serious adhesion that it is mixed between the nylon resin particle, cooling then, discharging;
(3) step (2) gains are put into screw extruder and are carried out melt spinning after the vacuum drying oven intensive drying, and spinning temperature is 260~315 ℃, and spinning speed is 500~2000m/min, makes undrawn yarn;
(4) undrawn yarn is carried out two road drawing-offs under 80~200 ℃ temperature and handle with HEAT SETTING, the drawing-off general times is 3~7 times, thereby makes drafted fibre;
(5) subsequent treatment of drafted fibre makes nylon/superfine calcium carbonate microparticle complex fiber with the fiber production routine techniques.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) among the present invention pure nylon is carried out spinning, pure fiber of gained and composite fibre are carried out performance relatively, find mechanics, the heat-resistant antifriction better performances of composite fibre, and by adding filler, greatly reduce the production cost of nylon fiber, to promoting that suitability for industrialized production is significant;
(2) have stronger shearing force than traditional to be mixed into main axial flow impeller owing to employing in the super mixer is cut into main peripheral flow impeller, can more effectively carry out surface treatment calcium carbonate microparticle;
(3) adding of stearic acid surface conditioning agent has suitably reduced surface activity of particles, promotes that calcium carbonate microparticle is evenly dispersed on the nylon chips more;
(4) adding of calcium carbonate has strengthened the fracture strength and the modulus of nylon fiber, has reduced the elongation at break of nylon, reduces greatly but excessive calcium carbonate adds fashionable its apparent viscosity that causes, and crystallization nucleation is also had certain influence, so its performance also decreases.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.Calcium carbonate microparticle and surface conditioning agent and nylon chips keep stirring down and heat up, and temperature is controlled between 205~240 ℃, are heated to and determine to stop heating after the temperature, continue to stir and cooling, to the room temperature discharging, treat spinning;
Embodiment 1
The surface conditioning agent stearic acid of 1 part superfine calcium carbonate microparticle and 0.02 part is put into high-speed mixer, rotating speed is 1000r/min, mix 25min, the nylon 6 slice that adds 99 parts again, keep stirring down and heat up, when temperature reaches 145 ℃, stop heating, continue to stir and cooling, to the room temperature discharging.Obtained compound is vacuumize 4h under 90 ℃ temperature, then mixture is put into double screw extruder, under 280 ℃, carry out melt spinning, spinning speed is 700m/min, undrawn yarn is two road drawing-off and HEAT SETTING between 95 ℃ through hot drawing temperature, the total draft multiple is 3 times, thereby obtains finished silk.
Embodiment 2
The surface conditioning agent stearic acid of 3 parts superfine calcium carbonate microparticles and 0.06 part is put into high-speed mixer, rotating speed is 3000r/min, mix 20min, the nylon 66 slice that adds 97 parts again, keep stirring down and heat up, when temperature reaches 145 ℃, stop heating, continue to stir and cooling, to the room temperature discharging.Obtained compound is vacuumize 4h under 90 ℃ temperature, then mixture is put into screw extruder, under 310 ℃, carry out melt spinning, spinning speed is 700m/min, undrawn yarn is two road drawing-off and HEAT SETTING between 210 ℃ through hot drawing temperature, the total draft multiple is 6 times, thereby obtains finished silk.
Embodiment 3
The surface conditioning agent stearic acid of 5 parts superfine calcium carbonate microparticles and 0.1 part is put into high-speed mixer, rotating speed is 3000r/min, mix 20min, the nylon 6 slice that adds 95 parts again, keep stirring down and heat up, when temperature reaches 145 ℃, stop heating, continue to stir and cooling, to the room temperature discharging.Obtained compound is vacuumize 4h under 90 ℃ temperature, then mixture is put into screw extruder, under 280 ℃, carry out melt spinning, spinning speed is 700m/min, undrawn yarn is two road drawing-off and HEAT SETTING between 95 ℃ through hot drawing temperature, the total draft multiple is 3 times, thereby obtains finished silk.
Embodiment 4
The surface conditioning agent odium stearate of 10 parts superfine calcium carbonate microparticles and 0.2 part is put into high-speed mixer, rotating speed is 4000r/min, mix 30min, the nylon 6 slice that adds 90 parts again, keep stirring down and heat up, when temperature reaches 145 ℃, stop heating, continue to stir and cooling, to the room temperature discharging.Obtained compound is vacuumize 4h under 90 ℃ temperature, then mixture is put into screw extruder, under 285 ℃, carry out melt spinning, spinning speed is 700m/min, undrawn yarn is two road drawing-off and HEAT SETTING between 105 ℃ through hot drawing temperature, the total draft multiple is 3 times, thereby obtains finished silk.
Comparative Examples
Select 100 parts of spinning level nylon 6 sections for use, vacuumize 6h under 100 ℃ temperature.Then screw extruder is put in section, directly pure nylon 6 is carried out spinning, spinning temperature is 270 ℃, and spinning speed is 600m/min.Undrawn yarn is two road drawing-off and HEAT SETTING between 90 ℃ through hot drawing temperature, and the total draft multiple is 2.5 times, obtains finished silk.
Obtained nylon 6/ superfine calcium carbonate microparticle complex fiber performance of the present invention and the contrast of Comparative Examples performance are as shown in table 1.
The table 1 nylon 6/ superfine calcium carbonate microparticle complex fiber performance table of comparisons