CN101357506B - Production process and equipment of polylactic acid (PLA) sheet - Google Patents

Production process and equipment of polylactic acid (PLA) sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101357506B
CN101357506B CN2008101089002A CN200810108900A CN101357506B CN 101357506 B CN101357506 B CN 101357506B CN 2008101089002 A CN2008101089002 A CN 2008101089002A CN 200810108900 A CN200810108900 A CN 200810108900A CN 101357506 B CN101357506 B CN 101357506B
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polylactic acid
melt
acid pla
sheet material
sheets
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CN101357506A (en
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郭军
徐圣伟
王智敏
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Dongyang Sheng Lin Plastic Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a production process and equipment of polylactic acid PLA sheets, wherein, the raw material polylactic acid PLA resin is dried by a dryer, and is extruded into molten fluid by an extruder, melt impurities and infusible matters are filtered out by a filter screen, the melt is uniformly and continuously pumped to a distributor and a die head by a melt pump, the melt forms a melt film by the distributor and the die head, and is cast into a cooling roller for sharp quenching, and is cooled and formed into polylactic acid PLA sheets, the thickness of the formed polylactic acid PLA sheets is measured on line by a thickness gauge, the scraps are cut off, and the sheets are pulled by a traction device to a coiler to be coiled into polylactic acid PLA sheet rolls with certain specifications, or the sheets are cut into polylactic acid PLA flat sheets with certain specifications on line by a slicer. The whole production process comprises the recycling of frame leftover materials, and comprises the following process flows: and crushing the recovered frame leftover materials by a crusher, feeding the crushed material into a crystallizer with a stirrer, and introducing hot air for crystallization.

Description

A kind of production technology of polylactic acid PLA sheet material and equipment
Technical field
The polylactic resin that the present invention relates to make with renewable biological source in the high and new technology is the technical scheme that raw material is made polylactic acid PLA sheet material, specifically is a kind of production technology and equipment of polylactic acid PLA sheet material.
Background technology
Polylactic acid PLA (Polylactic acid) belongs to the line style aliphatic polyester, be a kind of nontoxic, no excitatory totally biodegradable plastics of thinking tool market potential so far, polylactic acid PLA sheet material and manufactured goods thereof are under action of microorganisms, finally can 100% be degraded into carbon dioxide and water, this is that other plastics are unrivaled, favored by American-European countries.This brand-new Biodegradable material has outstanding advantage aspect mechanical performance and the biodegradable performance.
At present, countries in the world are surging to the environmental protection cry, and, the resource continuous anxiety of global crude oil, cause the petroleum-based plastics prices of raw and semifnished materials to soar, make the development and utilization of PLA become the heat subject that developed country strives, now about the polylactic acid PLA production of resins only in the U.S. and China, and the polylactic acid PLA resin of China and the exploitation of manufactured goods thereof still are in the junior stage, and domestic have many producers planning input, developmental research polylactic acid PLA production of resins and manufactured goods production technology and equipment.
Known polylactic acid film discloses a kind of window membrane of laminated biological degradability film as Chinese patent CN1182183C, but as the polylactic acid PLA sheet material of secondary thermoforming material, thicker than film, its production technology is bigger than film production difficulty.
The polylactic acid sheet material that application number 200710057285.2 is announced and the invention of production equipment, the cooling roller technological temperature that is wherein provided is 60 ℃-80 ℃, but, the glass transition temperature of polylactic acid PLA≤60 ℃, therefore, as adopting above-mentioned chilling temperature, the PLA melt film of extruding from the extruder die head can stick on the roller, can not cooling and shaping be sheet material on chill roll.
Produce and have polylactic acid PLA sheet material favorable mechanical performance and suitability for secondary processing, can totally biodegradable, cooling is a very important step, and drying is a link at first, important.Because the polylactic acid PLA resin very easily absorbs airborne moisture, in the high temperature extrusion, the existence of moisture content can make the polylactic acid PLA macromolecule be degraded into lower molecule, thereby makes the physical and mechanical properties variation of polylactic acid PLA sheet material and lose Practical significance.
Polylactic acid PLA sheet material is produced strict to the water content of raw material polylactic acid PLA resin, the production technology of its sheet material requires very high to drying equipment, in the relevant in the past application for a patent for invention, often ignore easily or despise this road link, can not get polylactic acid PLA sheet material desirable, that mechanical and physical performance is good.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of production technology of polylactic acid PLA sheet material and the technical scheme of equipment are provided, and the key links such as holding drying, cooling of adopting vigorous measures reaches the polylactic acid PLA sheet material output high-quality, that suitability for secondary processing is good.
Technical scheme of the present invention realizes by following technological process;
Raw material polylactic acid PLA resin carries out drying by the removal moisture drying device that molecular sieve is housed, make raw-material water content reach technological requirement, the drying process condition is: drying air temperature is between 80 ℃-130 ℃, and the dry air dew point is between-20 ℃ to-55 ℃.
Dried raw material enter extruder, raw material heat outside extruder screw machine barrel and the friction of material polylactic acid PLA, shearing and machine barrel, make the abundant fusion plastification of raw material polylactic acid PLA resin, in extruder, be extruded as fusion polylactic acid PLA melt, remove in the melt impurity and fusant not through screen pack, evenly constantly melt is pumped into distributor, die head by Melt Pump then, the melt films of extruding from die head is cast into chill roll; Three cooling sticks can arranged vertical, horizontally or 45 degree arrange, the melt film temperature is chilled between 20 ℃-59 ℃, calendering is shaped to polylactic acid PLA sheet material.The PLA sheet material of moulding is through the online sheet thickness of measuring of calibrator, through the unnecessary rim charge of side cutter cuts, down to coiling machine, is rolled into certain specification sheet volume in the draw-gear traction, or with the online plain film that is cut into certain specification of slicer.
When whole production technology is carried out, produce a certain amount of leftover pieces; Also can produce underproof goods and frame material during the secondary thermoforming, because prices of raw and semifnished materials height, be crucial with the recycling of these frame leftover pieces.These frame leftover pieces all are amorphous, and necessary first crystallization improves its heat-resisting degree to adapt to the drying process requirement before dropping into drying.Its crystallization processes flow process is: reclaim the frame leftover pieces, the pulverizing material after pulverizer is pulverized enters the crystallizer that has agitator, passes to hot air and carries out crystallization.The crystallization processes temperature is 80 ℃-120 ℃.
For physical property and the surface property that changes polylactic acid PLA sheet material, can adopt many extruders to extrude synchronously, become co-extrusion polylactic acid PLA composite sheet.Add antistatic additive/antitack agent/auxiliary agents such as UV resistant agent at co-extrusion polylactic acid PLA sheet material superficial layer, sheet material is had antistatic/antiseized/functional co-extrusion polylactic acid PLA composite sheets such as uvioresistant; If in technology, add barrier material, then need to add binding agent, make product become the polylactic acid PLA composite sheet of high obstructing performance.
The present invention carries out according to above-mentioned process technology scheme, and the key links such as holding drying, cooling of adopting vigorous measures reaches the purpose of the polylactic acid PLA sheet material output high-quality, that suitability for secondary processing is good.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is production technology of the present invention and equipment flowsheet schematic diagram, and accompanying drawing 2 is production technology schematic diagrames that frame leftover pieces of the present invention are recycled.Numeral is indicated relevant device in the flow process among the figure: 1, drier, 2, extruder, 3, screen pack, 4, Melt Pump, 5, distributor, die head, 6, chill roll, 7, calibrator, 8, bead cutter, 9, carry-over pinch rolls, 10, coiling machine or slicer, 11, pulverizer, 12, the crystallizer of belt stirrer.
The specific embodiment
Concrete real examination mode of the present invention is further explained in explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings;
The specific embodiment one: the processing polylactic acid PLA sheet material technological process of production of the present invention, first step raw material polylactic acid PLA resin drying, raw material enter removal moisture drying device (1) drying that molecular sieve is housed, make raw-material water content reach technological requirement, the drying process condition is: drying air temperature is between 80 ℃-130 ℃, and the dry air dew point is at-20 ℃--between 55 ℃.Second step was extruded, and dried raw material enters extruder (2) heating plasticizing, carries out abundant fusion plastification in extruder barrel, and what extrude is melt flow stream; The 3rd step filtered, and melt reaches not fusant through the impurity in screen pack (3) the elimination melt; Then be melt pass through Melt Pump (4) make melt evenly constantly pump to distributor, die head; The 4th step " casting sheet ", melt films is cast into chill roll (6) from die head, three cooling sticks can arranged vertical, horizontally or 45 degree arrange, the emergency cooling process condition is: chill-roll temperature is between 20 ℃-59 ℃, be shaped to polylactic acid PLA sheet material, formed sheet is through the online detection thickness of calibrator (7); The 5th step cut edge, and cut unnecessary rim charge through bead cutter (8); Draw polylactic acid PLA sheet material to winder or slicer (10) by carry-over pinch rolls (9); The 6th step rolling or section is rolled into certain specification sheet volume, or with the online plain film that is cut into certain specification of slicer.Be packing at last, finished product enters the warehouse, standby secondary thermoforming processing.
The specific embodiment two: in the whole production process implementing process, produce a certain amount of polylactic acid PLA sheet material leftover pieces, the secondary thermoforming adds also can produce underproof goods and frame material man-hour, in addition reuse after these frame leftover pieces are pulverized, because these frame leftover pieces all are amorphous, necessary first crystallization adapts to the drying process requirement to improve its heat-resisting degree before dropping into drying.Its crystallization processes flow process is: reclaim the frame leftover pieces and advance pulverizer (11) pulverizing, pulverize material and enter the crystallizer (12) that has agitator, pass to hot air and carry out crystallization.The crystallization processes temperature is 80 ℃-120 ℃, and then enters the specific embodiment one technological process.

Claims (2)

1. the production technology of a polylactic acid PLA sheet material, its technological process is: first step polylactic acid PLA resin enters removal moisture drying device (1) drying that molecular sieve is housed, dry process conditions are: the temperature of dry air is at 80 ℃---between 130 ℃, the dew point of dry air is at-20 ℃---between-55 ℃; The second step dried raw material enters extruder (2) heating plasticizing, and what extrude is melt flow stream; The 3rd step melt is through impurity in screen pack (3) the elimination melt and fusant not, then is that melt passes through Melt Pump (4) and makes melt evenly pump into distributor, die head; The melt films that the 4th step was extruded from die head is cast into chill roll (6) cooling, the melt films temperature is chilled to 20 ℃---between 59 ℃, become polylactic acid PLA sheet material, three chill rolls become arranged vertical, horizontal or 45 degree arrangements, and formed sheet is through the online detection thickness of calibrator (7); The 5th step cut unnecessary rim charge through bead cutter (8), drew polylactic acid PLA sheet material to winder or slicer (10) by carry-over pinch rolls (9); The 6th step rolling or section back packing, it is standby that finished product enters the warehouse.
2. the production technology of a kind of polylactic acid PLA sheet material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: reclaim polylactic acid PLA sheet material frame leftover pieces after pulverizer is pulverized, enter the crystallizer that has agitator, pass to the hot air crystallization, the crystallization processes condition is that hot air temperature is between 80 ℃-120 ℃.
CN2008101089002A 2008-05-29 2008-05-29 Production process and equipment of polylactic acid (PLA) sheet Active CN101357506B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI636860B (en) * 2017-07-14 2018-10-01 寀呈股份有限公司 Pla composition and manufacturing method of pla product

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CN101791856B (en) * 2010-02-10 2012-11-21 郭军 Production process and device of polylactic acid PLA thermoformed product
US8841412B2 (en) * 2011-08-11 2014-09-23 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Controlling moisture in and plasticization of bioresorbable polymer for melt processing
CN102952282B (en) * 2011-08-23 2015-02-25 伟盟工业股份有限公司 Polylactic acid film and manufacturing method thereof
CN103395161A (en) * 2013-07-19 2013-11-20 方毅 Production technique of polylactic acid (PLA) product
CN104401097B (en) * 2014-10-31 2017-02-15 重庆和泰塑胶股份有限公司 Method using water-soluble glue for making composite film
US20170312971A1 (en) * 2014-11-26 2017-11-02 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Integrated process for producing polyester tape
CN107866981A (en) * 2016-09-27 2018-04-03 东莞市杰伟机械制造有限公司 PLA sheet material extruding production lines
CN106985362B (en) * 2017-04-20 2023-05-23 厦门大学嘉庚学院 Electrical apparatus for producing polyethylene and use method thereof
CN108394078B (en) * 2018-02-25 2020-08-25 四川大学 Method for improving gas barrier property of polylactic acid
CN108284617B (en) * 2018-03-22 2019-04-23 浙江山联新材料科技有限公司 The curtain coating production method and its production system of degradable ventilated membrane

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI636860B (en) * 2017-07-14 2018-10-01 寀呈股份有限公司 Pla composition and manufacturing method of pla product

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