CN101344342B - Film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator - Google Patents
Film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN101344342B CN101344342B CN2008100363368A CN200810036336A CN101344342B CN 101344342 B CN101344342 B CN 101344342B CN 2008100363368 A CN2008100363368 A CN 2008100363368A CN 200810036336 A CN200810036336 A CN 200810036336A CN 101344342 B CN101344342 B CN 101344342B
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- film distillation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a membrane distillation heat recovery absorption type refrigeration device which relates to the refrigeration technology field, the membrane distillation heat recovery absorption type refrigeration device comprises a generator, a condenser, a throttling device, an evaporator, a refrigerant pump, an absorber, a solution pump and a solution heat exchanger; the membrane distillation heat recovery absorption type refrigeration device is characterized in that: a membrane distillation mass transfer heat exchanger is arranged between the generator and the solution heat exchanger, the membrane distillation mass transfer forms a certain steam pressure difference at the hot side and the cold side solutions of a membrane, thereby realizing the heat recovery process. The membrane distillation heat recovery absorption type refrigeration device of the invention has the advantages that: the requirements on the temperature of a drive heat source are greatly reduced; the refrigeration coefficient is greatly improved; the absorption type refrigeration device is simplified, and the manufacturing process is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigeration technology field, specifically is a kind of film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator.
Background technology
The fast development of sorption type refrigerating technology is inseparable with current research for the energy and environmental issue, existing research focus has both direction, the firstth, the sorption type refrigerating technology of low-grade heat source (as: solar energy or used heat) driving heat source, this class technology all is on the basis of two-stage absorption circulation flow process to be done some to improve the refrigerating efficiency that improves system; The secondth, the high-efficiency absorption Refrigeration Technique, main research multiple-effect Absorption Cooling System, research injection, absorption, supercharging and the circulation of absorption compound-refrigerating, and the research of Absorption Cooling System working medium, the backheat of Absorption Cooling System and heat and mass are strengthened research, and these researchs all are to be based upon on the basis of traditional single-effective absorption kind of refrigeration cycle.
Traditional single-effective absorption refrigerating theory circulation is made up of isobaric cooling and absorbing, isobaric heating generation and isoconcentration heat recovery process, and wherein heat recovery process is realized by heat exchanger.This makes occurrence temperature higher, thereby be lower than 85 ℃ low-grade heat source for temperature and have only to absorb and could realize freezing by two-stage, and the occurrence temperature that the high pressure generator of multiple-effect machine can be had relatively high expectations, thereby brought the pyrosol corrosion, problems such as pyrosol surfactant and corrosion inhibiter inefficacy and high-pressure control, these problems are the commercial major obstacles of triple effect machine.
In order to address these problems, in recent years, more advanced membrane separation technique has had significant progress, the commercialization of some of them membrane separation technique.Film distillation (MD, Membrane Distillation) technology is exactly wherein a kind of, it casts aside the function of its " separation ", essence be exactly in a kind of solution volatile component vaporize at the film hydrophobic surface, and pass the mass-and heat-transfer technology of fenestra in the opposite side condensation of film, the driving force of mass transfer is exactly the saturated vapor pressure reduction of film both sides solution.
For the retrieval of prior art, some patents have appearred in the membrane separation technique application on Absorption Refrigerator.As: " the membrane separating sorption type refrigerating technology " of Wang Jinghua, Chinese patent ZL02140485.2; The good bright man in palace " membrane separation device and the Absorption Refrigerator that utilizes film to separate ", TOHKEMY 2003-144855; " lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine of membrane separation concentrating solution " of Xuan Baimin, Chinese patent ZL200510048937.7.These patents all be the membrane separation device simple application in Absorption Cooling System, replace the generator in the original system, wherein the former usefulness is film distillation technology, drive with thermal source, what afterwards both adopted is infiltrate membrane technology, and with driven by power, osmotic pressure will be greater than 300kgf/cm2, generally adopt multistage infiltration with the reduction osmotic pressure, but also make complex system simultaneously.Be not difficult to find out the direction of this scheme incompatibility sorption type refrigerating technology in the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN development.The driving force of film distillation is that separated component is poor at the steam pressure of film both sides in the solution.For lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine, have only the one pack system material to be evaporated in the generator, (depend on cooling water temperature at film cold side steam pressure, depend on the low pressure generator operating temperature for economic benefits and social benefits circulations) under the situation that do not become, adopt the film distillation owing to exist the steam pressure difference of film both sides only can improve the generation pressure and temperature of generator.Although the application of first patent can make the surface area increase takes place, the steam pressure difference of film both sides also can increase, and this might reduce the thermal performance of lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine group.However, the beginning that membrane technology is used has been dug in the proposition of these patents in absorption type refrigerating unit.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of novel film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator.New circulation reduces greatly to the requirement of driving heat source temperature, can adopt the unserviceable low-grade exhaust heat of traditional Absorption Cooling System to drive, for the low-grade heat source that is lower than 80 ℃, the tradition Absorption Cooling System needs to absorb the purpose that just can reach refrigeration with two-stage, and new circulation adopts the single-stage single-action just can realize.
In order to realize the technical scheme of above-mentioned technical problem employing:
A kind of film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator comprises generator, condenser, throttling arrangement, evaporimeter, cryogenic fluid pump, absorber, solution pump and solution heat exchanger, it is characterized in that: film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger is set between described generator and the solution heat exchanger, and film distillation mass transfer forms certain steam pressure difference between the hot side solution of described film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger film and cold side solution, realize heat recovery process, under perfect condition, the process of solution becomes concentration is isobaric process.
Connect a pipeline in the bottom of described generator, described pipeline is through entering into described absorber after described film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger and the described solution heat exchanger, solution pump is installed in bottom at described absorber, connects a pipeline on the described solution pump through being connected the upper end of described generator after described film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger and the described solution heat exchanger.
Also be connected to a pipeline at the top of described generator and be connected with described condenser, the top that the bottom of condenser is connected to a pipeline and described evaporimeter is connected.
Described throttling arrangement is installed on the pipeline between described condenser and the described evaporimeter, and cryogenic fluid pump is installed in the bottom of described evaporimeter.
Top between described absorber and the evaporimeter is connected by pipeline.
A driving heat source device is set in described generator, is used to keep solution constant temperature.
Flow through cooling water in described condenser, the refrigerant vapour that is used for generator is taken place is in the condenser condensation.
Described cold-producing medium by spray eruption in the cryogenic fluid pump flows through chilled water.
Described film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger is a direct contact type film separated device.
The present invention in the principle in when work is: described device is during for the mono-potency lithium bromide Absorption Cooling System, the concentrated solution of coming out from generator flow through successively film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger and solution heat exchanger, through concentrating and cooling, enter absorber then, concentrated solution absorbs the water vapour of coming from evaporimeter through spray, become weak solution, the solution pump that is absorbed the device bottom is drawn, and changes by solution heat exchanger and film distillation mass transfer successively
Described device is during for single-action ammonia absorption type kind of refrigeration cycle, the weak solution of coming out from generator flow through successively film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger and solution heat exchanger, through dilution and cooling, enter absorber then, weak solution absorbs the ammonia steam of coming from evaporimeter through spray, becomes concentrated solution, drawn by solution pump, behind solution heat exchanger and film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger, concentrate and heat up, pump into generator then.The refrigerant vapour that takes place in generator condensation in condenser enters the evaporimeter spray by throttling arrangement, and cryogenic fluid pump makes the cold-producing medium circulated sprinkling evaporation in the evaporimeter.
The present invention is incorporated into film distillation technology in the heat recovery process of single-effective absorption kind of refrigeration cycle, and (saturated vapor pressure reduction is zero, is similar to zero different transfer of heat, does not have the solid conductive heat by film) in the ideal case, heat recovery process is the constant temperature process of solution becomes concentration.In Fig. 2, Fig. 3, from the logP-1/T figure of ammonia spirit and the Di Lintu of lithium bromide water solution, traditional single-effective absorption kind of refrigeration cycle is a circulation that is similar to parallelogram, and the new circulation that proposes in this device is the circulation of a rectangle, both compare and are not difficult to learn, the generating process of new circulation moves to low-temperature space.Refrigerant vapour generation initial temperature equals to absorb final temperature in new circulation, final temperature takes place equal to absorb initial temperature.And absorb final temperature only a little more than 5-8 ℃ of absorber cooling water temperature, and if cooling water temperature is 32 ℃, then in the ideal case, generator can just can be started working under the temperature about 40 ℃, this is significant for utilizing of low grade heat energy.
The new circulation that the present invention produces has following advantage:
1) requirement to the driving heat source temperature reduces greatly.Can utilize the unserviceable low-grade exhaust heat of traditional Absorption Cooling System.
2) coefficient of refrigerating performance improves greatly.For the low-grade heat source that is lower than 80 ℃, traditional Absorption Cooling System needs to absorb the purpose that just can reach refrigeration with two-stage, and new circulation adopts the single-stage single-action just can realize.Existing lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine, under the temperature-resistant situation of driving heat source, after parallel connection or one or more new circulation of connecting, single-action can change economic benefits and social benefits into, and economic benefits and social benefits can change triple effect into, and n is imitated and can be changed the n+1 effect into.
3) absorption refrigeration equipment will obtain simplifying, and anufacturability is improved.Traditional two-stage absorption refrigeration circulation can be by single-stage single-action replacements that newly circulate, and ammonia absorption refrigeration newly circulates, and improves greatly because concentration takes place, and can save the rectifier unit that the tradition circulation is used always.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is traditional single-effective absorption refrigeration solution circulation schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is film distillation mass transfer backheat single-effective absorption refrigeration solution circulation schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the hot single-effective absorption refrigeration of the present invention solution circulation schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is single-effective absorption refrigeration solution circulation schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand technical scheme of the present invention better, be described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator, by generator 1, condenser 2, throttling arrangement 3, evaporimeter 4, cryogenic fluid pump 5, absorber 6, solution pump 7 and solution heat exchanger 8 constitute, film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger 9 is installed between generator 1 and solution heat exchanger 8, is connected by pipeline between film distillation mass transfer interchanger 9 and generator 1, the solution heat exchanger 8.The bottom sealing pipe laying of generator 1, after pipeline distills mass transfer heat exchanger and solution heat exchanger through film, the termination is installed in the inside of absorber 6, solution pump 7 is installed in bottom at absorber 6, on the solution pump 7 return is installed, solution pump 7 comes back to the flow of solution in the absorber 6 in the generator 1 through film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger and solution heat exchanger.The top of generator 1 is also installed between a pipeline and the condenser 2 and is connected, and the top that the bottom of condenser 2 is connected to pipeline and evaporimeter 4 is connected.Throttling arrangement 3 is installed on the pipeline between condenser 2 and the evaporimeter 4, and cryogenic fluid pump 5 is installed in the bottom of evaporimeter 4.
Install the driving heat source device in the centre of generator 1, flow through cooling water in the condenser 2, by the cold-producing medium of spray eruption in the cryogenic fluid pump 5, flow through chilled water, cooling water is connected with outside equipment by pipeline with chilled water.
In Fig. 1 in order to finish the mono-potency lithium bromide Absorption Cooling System: the concentrated solution of coming out from generator 1 flow through successively film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger 9 and solution heat exchanger 8, through concentrating, lowering the temperature, enter absorber then, the concentrated solution spray absorbs the water vapour of coming from evaporimeter 4, becomes weak solution.After solution pump 7 is drawn weak solution from absorber,, dilute, heat up, pump into generator 1 then by solution heat exchanger 8 and film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger 9.
In Fig. 1 in order to finish single-action ammonia absorption type kind of refrigeration cycle: the weak solution of coming out from generator 1 flow through successively film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger 9 and solution heat exchanger 8, through dilution, cooling, enter absorber then, the weak solution spray absorbs the ammonia steam of coming from evaporimeter 4, becomes concentrated solution.Solution pump 7 is drawn concentrated solution from absorber, by solution heat exchanger 8 and film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger 9, concentrate, heat up, pump into then in the generator 1, the refrigerant vapour condensation in condenser 2 that produces in the generator 1, enter evaporimeter 4 sprays by throttling arrangement 3, cryogenic fluid pump 5 evaporates the cold-producing medium circulated sprinkling in the evaporimeter 4.
In Fig. 2, the Di Lintu of the logP-1/T of ammonia spirit figure and lithium bromide water solution, traditional single-effective absorption kind of refrigeration cycle is a circulation that is similar to parallelogram.
In Fig. 3, the Di Lintu of the logP-1/T of ammonia spirit figure and lithium bromide water solution, new circulation is the circulation of a rectangle, the generating process of new circulation moves to low-temperature space.
In Fig. 4, film is distilled the mass transfer backheat regard the combination that is that hot side solution takes place and cold side solution absorbs as, then film distills mass transfer backheating absorption type kind of refrigeration cycle and can think infinite multistage single-effective absorption kind of refrigeration cycle.
According to the mechanism of film distillation mass transfer, the driving force of its film distillation mass transfer is the steam pressure difference of film both sides solution, considers the heat transfer of film both sides solution by film, and film distillation mass transfer backheating absorption type kind of refrigeration cycle as shown in Figure 5.
A-B and C-D are film distillation mass transfer among the figure, and B-B ' and D-D ' are the solution heat exchanger backheat.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in the foregoing description and the specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. a film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator comprises generator, condenser, and throttling arrangement, evaporimeter, cryogenic fluid pump, absorber, solution pump and solution heat exchanger is characterized in that:
One film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger is set between described generator and the solution heat exchanger, and film distillation mass transfer forms certain steam pressure difference between the hot side solution of the film of described film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger and cold side solution, realize heat recovery process.
2. film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, connect a pipeline in the bottom of described generator, described pipeline is through entering into described absorber after described film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger and the described solution heat exchanger, solution pump is installed in bottom at described absorber, connects a pipeline on the described solution pump through being connected the upper end of described generator after described film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger and the solution heat exchanger.
3. film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also is connected to a pipeline that is connected with condenser at the top of described generator, and the top that the bottom of described condenser is connected to a pipeline and evaporimeter is connected.
4. film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, a driving heat source device is set in described generator is used to keep solution constant temperature.
5. film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: flow through cooling water in the described condenser, the refrigerant vapour that is used for generator is taken place is in the condenser condensation.
6. film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cold-producing medium of spray eruption in the described cryogenic fluid pump, flow through chilled water.
7. film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described film distillation mass transfer heat exchanger is a direct contact type film separated device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100363368A CN101344342B (en) | 2008-04-21 | 2008-04-21 | Film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100363368A CN101344342B (en) | 2008-04-21 | 2008-04-21 | Film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101344342A CN101344342A (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| CN101344342B true CN101344342B (en) | 2010-08-04 |
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| CN2008100363368A Expired - Fee Related CN101344342B (en) | 2008-04-21 | 2008-04-21 | Film distillation backheating absorption type refrigerator |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103322725B (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2016-01-20 | 北京科技大学 | Heat pump and drying system and method |
| CN104101131A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-10-15 | 苟仲武 | Absorption refrigerator for refrigerating and heating by using recovered heat energy and refrigerating and heating method thereof |
| CN107014105B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2022-07-05 | 荏原冷热系统（中国）有限公司 | Energy-saving absorption refrigerator |
| CN110926053B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-07-23 | 四川大学 | Lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration cycle system based on AGMD |
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Granted publication date: 20100804 Termination date: 20130421 |