CN101322492A - A kind of pesticide for controlling rice bakanae disease and blight - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pesticide for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease and blight, which belongs to pesticides. It includes the following raw materials according to weight percentage: metalaxyl: 3-8%, spaoke: 15-25%, and the rest is carrier. The advantage of the present invention is that: on the basis of first clarifying the occurrence rules of bakanae disease and blight under heat preservation and dry cultivation conditions, and according to the problems existing in the current production prevention and control measures, the present invention proposes the principle of comprehensive prevention and control technology—that is, pesticide application Disinfect and soak the seeds at one time to prevent and control bakanae disease and blight; the medicinal solution after soaking the seeds can be applied to the seedbed without polluting the environment.

Description

A kind of pesticide for controlling rice bakanae disease and blight

technical field

The invention belongs to a kind of pesticide.

Background technique

Rice bakanae disease can occur at the seedling stage and the adult plant stage, and when it occurs seriously at the seedling stage, the seedlings will be destroyed and cannot be transplanted. When it happens to Honda, it will directly affect the output and cause economic losses. It is economical and effective to prevent and control the disease by soaking seeds with medicaments, but long-term use of a single medicament will easily lead to drug resistance of the bacteria, and the control effect is poor.

Rice blight is the most important disease at the seedling stage, which is common and serious. Every year in Northeast, Inner Mongolia, Northwest, North China and other places, it occurs to varying degrees. When it occurs lightly, it forms spots, which affects the quality of rice seedling transplanting. When serious, the seedlings will die in pieces, which will affect the transplanting, affect the yield, and cause economic losses to the rice farmers. In production, the method of soil application is adopted for the prevention and control of this disease. This method has a high control effect if the application is appropriate, and the control effect is poor if the application is not timely, or even ineffective; It has been damaged, but the seedlings do not show the symptoms of blight, and the farmers apply pesticides after the symptoms occur, and the control effect is very poor, or even ineffective. The medicaments for the prevention and treatment of damp-off in our country are all preventive medicaments. Before the occurrence of damp-off, it is difficult for farmers to grasp the opportunity and they do not have the habit of using medicine.

After popularizing rice plastic film heat preservation and dry seedling raising technology, bakanae disease and blight became two major diseases at the seedling stage. In terms of control technology, seed disinfection is used to prevent and control bakanae disease, and soil spraying is carried out at the seedling stage to prevent and control blight. After the production of mercury preparations was discontinued in the early 1970s, carbendazim and other agents were promoted in most rice fields in China to prevent and control bakanae disease, and drug resistance appeared after 3 to 5 years of promotion. In the 1970s, Japan popularized products such as benlaite for the prevention and treatment of rice bakanae disease, and the efficacy of the medicine decreased after several years of promotion. Seed soaking and seed dressing with high-concentration preparations have improved the control effect to a certain extent, but the effect is still unsatisfactory. In the early 1990s, thiram was used as a compound preparation to promote products such as 901. Due to the increase of the site of action, the mechanism of action is comprehensive, and the emergence of drug resistance is delayed. The control effect is relatively stable and long-lasting, but the control effect is single, and it cannot be used to treat the dryness of seedlings. disease and other diseases. In the 1970s, Dikesong was promoted to prevent and control damping-off. Because the drug caused different degrees of damage to the seedlings, the quality of the seedlings was poor after application, and the control effect was unstable, so it was gradually stopped in production. In the 1980s, Likuling medicament was launched again in China and Japan. This medicament has a short duration of action, a large dosage, high cost and unstable effect. In the 1990s, compound preparations such as Likuyiyijing and Kekejing were introduced to control damping-off only, but they cannot also prevent the seed-borne disease bakanae disease. They have been used in production for several years with good control effects. However, the medicaments used to prevent and control damping-off in production are all preventive preparations, and it is difficult to control the time of application. If the application is not timely, the control effect will be poor. Pesticide application equipment and application techniques also affect the control effect.

Metalaxyl:

English common name: metalaxyl

Chemical name: N-(2-methoxyacetyl)-N-(2,6-xylyl)-D-L-alanine

methyl ester

Molecular formula: C ₁₅ H ₂₁ NO ₄

Molecular weight: 279.34

Toxicity: The oral LD 50 of the original drug to rats is 669 mg/kg. Percutaneous LD 50≥3100 mg/kg.

Spock:

English name: prochloraz

Other names: Mixianan

Chemical name: N-propyl-N-[a-(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)-1H-imidazole-1-carboxamide

Structural formula:

Molecular formula: C ₁₅ H ₁₆ Cl ₃ N ₃ O ₂

Physical and chemical properties: colorless crystal, the original drug is golden yellow liquid, tends to solidify at low temperature, melting point 46.5-49.3°C (>99% purity), boiling point 208-210°C/0.2mmHg (decomposition), vapor pressure 150μPa (25°C) , 90μPa (20°C), density 1.42 (20°C), solubility at 25°C 34.4mg/L, soluble in organic solvents with a wide range, such as chloroform, ether, toluene 2.5, acetone 3.5, hexane 7.5×10^- 3 (kg/L), stable in water at pH 7, 20°C, decomposes in concentrated acid and alkali medium, and decomposes under light and long-term high-temperature heating (200°C).

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a pesticide for preventing and treating bakanae disease and damping-off of rice to solve the problem that the rice bakanae disease and damping-off disease cannot be prevented and controlled at the same time. The technical scheme that the present invention takes is: comprise following raw material by weight percentage:

Metalaxyl: 3-8%,

Shi Paoke: 15-25%,

The rest are carriers.

The percentage by weight of each specific raw material in the carrier of the present invention is:

Sodium alkyl sulfonate 2.5%~3.0%, methyl cellulose 2.5%~3.0%, diatomaceous earth 94%~95%;

Or 2.5% to 3.0% of alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, 6.0% to 7.5% of sodium lignosulfonate, and 89.5% to 91.5% of diatomaceous earth;

Or sodium alkyl sulfonate 2.5% to 3.0%, sodium lignosulfonate 3.5% to 4.5%, diatomaceous earth 92.5% to 94.0%.

How to use: Soak the seeds before sowing rice, use the multiples of 600 to 800 times, and do not need to change the water after soaking to the bottom. The soaked medicine solution can be sprayed on the sowing bed, the medicine can be reused, and the environment is not polluted.

The present invention has the advantage that:

On the basis of first clarifying the occurrence rules of bakanae disease and blight under the condition of heat preservation and dry cultivation, and according to the problems existing in the current production prevention and control measures, the present invention proposes the principle of comprehensive prevention and control technology—that is, once the pesticide is applied, the seeds are disinfected and soaked , prevent and control bakanae disease, and cure two diseases of blight; the medicinal solution after soaking the seeds can be applied to the seedbed without polluting the environment.

In view of the presence of bakanae pathogens inside and outside the seeds, in terms of fungicide screening, the systemic and protective fungicides are selected to increase the action sites, so that the formula can delay the emergence of drug resistance and achieve the control effect stable and enduring purpose.

In terms of combined blight control technology, the infection source of blight comes from the soil. Through the screening of pesticides, a compound agent with high systemic effect on blight control, long efficacy period and safety to seeds is selected as the compound preparation. During the seed soaking process, the medicament is absorbed by the seeds to form a protective film, which not only protects the barrier, kills or inhibits the germs inside and outside the seeds, but also achieves the purpose of preventing and treating bakanae disease. After the seeds are sown into the soil, the medicament is slowly released into the soil around the seeds to kill the germs in the soil and achieve the purpose of preventing and curing blight.

The function characteristics of the agent: not only achieve the purpose of seed disinfection, but also achieve the purpose of soil disinfection. That is, one application of pesticides can prevent and control the two diseases of bakanae disease and blight.

Detailed ways

Experimental example 1 The present invention prevents and treats bakanae disease, damping-off disease and single-dose formula comparative test report.

The present invention prevents and cures bakanae disease and blight through multiple tests, and compares tests with commonly used medicaments in production, and the control effects are higher and more stable. In order to verify the effect of the comparative test with a single agent, this test was carried out, and the test results as follows:

1 Materials and methods

1.1 Test materials

1.1.1 Test agent: wettable powder of the present invention, developed by Plant Protection Institute of Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences

25% Spike EC, Harbin Yinong Biochemical Company

25% Metalaxyl WP, Shanghai Heben Pharmaceutical Company

1.1.2 Rice varieties for testing: Chaochan 2

1.2 Test method

Test dose design: The dose of Shibaoke is based on the registered pesticide dose of 625g-1250mg/kg in my country, and the designed dose of this test is 1000mg/kg.

The dosage of metalaxyl is 0.15g-0.2g/m ² (active ingredient) according to the registered pesticide dosage in China, and the designed dosage of this experiment is 0.15g/m ² .

The wettable powder test design dosage of the present invention is metalaxyl active ingredient dosage 5g/100kg seeds, and 1000mg/kg Sabaoke.

Test dosage: 1500 times soaking of wettable powder of the present invention;

25% 2500 times (1000mg/kg) Soaking Seeds of Spike EC;

25% metalaxyl wettable powder 0.6g/m ² soil spraying.

The test agent of the present invention is 1500 times of soaking seeds, soaking seeds at 12°C to 16°C at room temperature for 7 days, and then putting them into a 30°C incubator to accelerate germination for 1 day and then sowing. 25% Shibaoke EC 2500 times soaking, germination and sowing with the same test drug. Seeds were sown on April 26, and 8 square meters were sown for each treatment. The experiment was carried out in a plastic insulation shed, with 3 repetitions and a clear water control. After sowing, 25% metalaxyl wettable powder treatment is carried out soil spraying according to dosage.

Experimental investigation: investigate the number of bakanae disease-infected plants before transplanting, and calculate the incidence rate and control effect. Blight investigation: Investigate the number of blight-affected plants at the 3-4 leaf stage of seedlings, and calculate the incidence rate and control effect.

2 Results and Analysis

2.1 Comparative test results of the present invention and Shi Baoke preventing and treating bakanae disease:

Seed soaking of 2500 times of test agent Shibaoke has an average control effect of bakanae disease of 93.28%, and the present invention has an average control effect of bakanae disease of 96.46%, which is more than 3% higher than Shibaoke's control effect. From the perspective of three treatments, the control effect Are relatively stable, better control effect.

2.2 Comparative test results of the present invention and metalaxyl for preventing and treating blight:

Test agent metalaxyl 0.6 g/square meter has an average control effect of 86.20% on blight, and the present invention has an average control effect on bakanae disease of 97.50%, which is more than 11% higher than metalaxyl control effect. From the experimental treatment, the control effect Significantly higher than a single dose of metalaxyl, and stable.

Table 1 The present invention prevents and treats bakanae disease, damping-off formula comparison test effect survey form

3 Conclusion

3.1 The control effect of the present invention on bakanae disease and damping-off is clarified through experiments, and the control effect on bakanae disease is higher than that of a single dose of Shibaoke, and the control effect of a single dose of metalaxyl is higher than that of a single dose of metalaxyl.

3.2 The prevention and control effect of the present invention on bakanae disease and damping-off is that Shibaoke has excellent protection and dual effects of treatment, and the introduction of relevant materials has a certain effect on rice bakanae disease, damping-off disease, rice blast, flax leaf spot, etc. Higher control effect, better for cotton seedling and boll stage blight and anthracnose control. Shibaoke not only has the significant effect of preventing and treating bakanae disease, but also has a better effect of preventing and controlling blight when used in combination with metalaxyl, and can produce a high synergistic effect, which overcomes the fact that metalaxyl cannot be used alone The disadvantages and delay of drug resistance, metalaxyl can not be registered for use alone in my country's pesticide registration, but can only be used as a compound agent, which expands the bactericidal spectrum and improves the control effect compared with metalaxyl alone. In addition, in terms of application technology, metalaxyl is used as a seed soaking agent in the present invention, which is obviously better than conventional soil spraying in production. The reason is that it is used as a seed soaking agent, and the medicine has been sucked into the body by the seeds to protect the seeds from being infected by pathogens. ; At the same time, the medicament is slowly released into the soil to kill the dual effects of germs in the soil. According to the calculation of dosage, the conventional soil spraying method in production uses 450g~600g of dosage per 300 square meters of seedling area, but only 100g is needed by using the present invention, which can save 70%~80% of dosage and significantly reduce environmental pollution.

In the prevention and treatment of bakanae disease, the role of metalaxyl is a protective and therapeutic systemic fungicide, which can be absorbed by the roots, stems and leaves of plants, and transferred to the plant's body with the movement of water in the plant. various organs. It can be used for seed treatment and soil treatment. The characteristic of seed treatment is that after soaking the seeds and absorbing water, the medicine moves inside the seeds and transfers to various parts. It can be used in combination with Shibaoke to kill the bakanae bacteria in the deep layer of the seeds and produce relatively strong bacteria. The high synergistic effect improves the control effect compared with the single use of Shibaoke.

Example 1

Including the following raw materials by weight percentage:

Metalaxyl: 3%,

Spock: 15%,

The carrier is: sodium alkyl sulfonate 2.0% + methyl cellulose 2.0% + diatomaceous earth 78%.

Example 2

Including the following raw materials by weight percentage:

Metalaxyl: 5%,

Spock: 20%,

Carrier: 2.0% alkylnaphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate, 5.0% sodium lignosulfonate, 68% diatomaceous earth.

Example 3

Including the following raw materials by weight percentage:

Metalaxyl: 8%,

Spock: 25%,

The carrier is: sodium alkylsulfonate 2.0%, sodium lignosulfonate 3.0%, diatomaceous earth 62%.

The present invention is a common powder dosage form, belongs to the mixed processing type of pesticides, and can be produced by using common mixing and processing equipment, that is, common processing workshops and common processing mixing tanks. The product is put into the mixing tank according to the proportion and stirred for about 30-35 minutes, and then it can be unloaded and packaged.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of pesticide of controlling rice bakanae disease and blight, is characterized in that comprising following raw material by weight percentage: Metalaxyl: 3-8%, Shi Paoke: 15-25%, The rest are carriers. 2. The pesticide for preventing and treating bakanae disease and blight of rice according to claim 1, wherein the percentage by weight of each specific raw material in the carrier is: Sodium alkyl sulfonate 2.5%~3.0%, methyl cellulose 2.5%~3.0%, diatomaceous earth 94%~95%; Or 2.5% to 3.0% of alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, 6.0% to 7.5% of sodium lignosulfonate, and 89.5% to 91.5% of diatomaceous earth; Or sodium alkyl sulfonate 2.5% to 3.0%, sodium lignosulfonate 3.5% to 4.5%, diatomaceous earth 92.5% to 94.0%.