CN101313535A - Communication route optimization method and communication route optimization control device - Google Patents
Communication route optimization method and communication route optimization control device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a technique to optimize communication route when two end nodes separated away from own home perform data communication with each other. According to this technique, a communication node (the initiator node 174) adds a predetermined destination option including own home address to a header of a packet to be transmitted to a correspondent node (LFN 151) under control of MR 141. HA 121 of MR copies a predetermined destination option and inserts it into a tunnel packet header when this packet is tunneled to MR. When the packet is transferred to the communication node under control, MR checks, by using the server, whether the predetermined destination option is inserted into the tunnel packet header or not. If it is inserted into the packet, a route optimization processing is started with the transmitter of the packet including the predetermined destination option with home address.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to use the communication technology of Internet Protocol (IP).Particularly, the present invention relates to and the relevant technology of the routing optimality that in mobile IP v 6, defines (RO).
Background technology
Current, by using IP network, multiple arrangement is being carried out communication each other.Mobile support in IPv6 (MIPv6: mobile IP v 6) just developed by IETF (internet engineering task group) is provided in order to provide to mobile device to move.In mobile IP, each mobile node has permanent home domain.Connecting mobile node under the situation of the home network of oneself, the main global address of distributing known home address (HoA) to mobile node.On the other hand, when mobile node when home network separates, that is, when it is connected to other external network, normally distribute the interim global address that is called as CoA (Care-of Address) for mobile node.The basic conception of move supporting is: even when mobile node is connected to other external network, it also is possible that the home address by this mobile node oneself arrives this mobile node.
According to the following non-patent literature that provides 1, the entity that is called as home agent (HA) by introducing enters home network, and this conception of species is carried out practically.Mobile node is called as the message of BU (Binding Update) by use, to home agent registration Care-of Address.The result is that home agent can be created in the home address of mobile node and the binding between the Care-of Address.The message of the home address of mobile node is pointed in the home agent intercepting, and it has by (for example encapsulating this grouping, by this grouping being transferred to the load of new grouping, and this is also referred to as grouping tunnel (packet tunneling)) and transmit the function of this grouping for the Care-of Address of mobile node.
On the other hand, the quantity of wireless (or radio) equipment further increases, and expects that new technology type occurs rapidly in mobile technology.Such technology is that network moves (NEMO), and it changes tie point to the whole network that comprises described node.When for the conceptual expansion of the mobile support of each main frame during to the mobile support of the network that comprises described node, mobile network's solution has its purpose in mechanism is provided, by it, in the mobile network, even when the mobile network is connected to the internet via any possible tie point, the node that arrives in the mobile network by main global address also is possible.
In IETF, current, the solution on the mobile network is as described in the following non-patent literature that provides 2 and propose.When mobile router sends BU to home agent, specify the network prefix of in the mobile network, using by described node by router herein.This network prefix is specified by use the concrete option that is called as network prefix option that inserts in BU.The result is, home agent is prepared routing table based on described prefix, and home agent can transmit described grouping, and it is transferred to and has this prefix transmission objectives, that is, and and to the Care-of Address of mobile router.
By using tunneling technique, provide the mobile support and the network of mobile host to move support.Yet this causes problem, and it is called as " suboptimum (sub-optimal) ".This problem be because: when peer node (CN) executive communication of mobile node and it, the grouping that is transmitted is sent out without the direct route from the mobile node to the peer node, still, it must be sent out via home agent.Under the situation that mobile node separates from home agent, owing to suboptimum causes the inefficiency that becomes of communicating by letter, and the delay of grouping increases.
Based on condition described above, non-patent literature 1 has been described mobile node can send BU to peer node.When peer node identification has the binding of home address of mobile node of Care-of Address, on the Care-of Address of mobile node, directly send and receive the grouping that (needn't pass through home agent) will send between them.Yet for this purpose, mobile IP must be understood well, and is supported by peer node.Further, when mobile node must be carried out the communication that has a plurality of peer nodes, the quantity of the desired Binding Update of this execution increased widely.Give peer node in order to transmit BU, mobile node must be carried out and return route (RR) processing before transmission BU message, with two concrete groupings of exchange between mobile node and peer node.Concrete being grouped into that is transmitted: ownership test starting (HoTI) message, deliver test starting (CoTI) message and will be sent from peer node respectively as to the ownership test (HoT) of the response of HoTI message and CoTI message with deliver test (CoT) message.
In order to address the above problem, in following patent documentation that provides 1 and patent documentation 2, to be described in and to define the entity that is called as the external agent in the mobile IPv 4.It is this hypothesis that moves that these solutions are based on peer node itself.The result is, externally under Dai Li the control, and the peer end of the connection node.In order to realize routing optimality, between the external agent of the external agent of mobile node and peer node, set up the tunnel.Yet these solutions are specifically to be directed to IPv4's.In mobile IP v 6, do not have notion, and the application of the solution that these move for mobile IP v 6 or for network is not defined clearly such as the external agent.May be with the entity that is necessary to provide such, the function of its performance as the external agent.Moreover solution and the method described above described in following patent documentation that provides 3 and non-patent literature 3 are similar.
Disclosed the routing optimality agency in the patent documentation 3 that below provides, its intercepting sends to the HoTI message and the CoTI message of peer node from mobile node.The routing optimality agency returns route as agency's execution of peer node and handles.
Further, non-patent literature 3 has been described end-to-end router (CR).When mobile node is attempted to carry out at the routing optimality between it and the peer node, the end-to-end router that it is suitable that mobile node at first tries to find out, the peer node that its processing (serving as its agency) is discussed.When having determined end-to-end router, mobile node sends Binding Update to end-to-end router.After this, will send to the grouping tunnel transmission (tunnel) of peer node to end-to-end router from mobile node.The described grouping of end-to-end router decapsulation, and transmit described grouping and give peer node.Similarly, the grouping that sends to mobile node from peer node is also intercepted by end-to-end router, and mobile node is given in the described grouping of end-to-end router tunnel transmission.According to the solution of in non-patent literature 3, describing, attempt to carry out reflection BU by going up by end-to-end router at the mobile router (TLMR) of highest level, solve problem about the MR under nested (nest) condition.
Moreover, in the following non-patent literature that provides 4, provided the description of the problem of the problem of problem at the routing optimality from MR to CR (RO), RO and the RO when MR is present in accessed territory with MR from the MR under the Nested conditions to CR.In this case, address this problem by in hop-by-hop (hop-by-hop) option of grouping, inserting path control head (PCH).
According to the solution of describing in non-patent literature 4, after carrying out the decapsulation operation, the starting point address of inserting the tunnel is in grouping, as hop-by-hop options.In case receive the PCH hop-by-hop options of the starting point address that comprises the tunnel, for example, be at MR under the situation of Nested conditions, CR starts bind request to the CoA at the most inboard MR of PCH.
The different of method of describing in this method and the non-patent literature 3 are: not the explicit search of carrying out CR by MR, and, the RR of operative norm between MR and CR not.Moreover according to this method, the CR and the mobile CR (MR) that are fixed in the foundation structure are operated as CR, and intercepting PCH option.
According to non-patent literature 5, MR operates as the agency of the local stationary nodes (LFN) that connects under the control of MR, and, in order to realize the RO between CN and the LFN, between MR and CN, carry out signaling based on MIPv6.Herein, if hypothesis CN understands the RO agreement based on MIPv6, then MR sends HoTI message and CoTI message to CN by using as the address of the CN of destination address with by using as the address of the LFN of source address or the CoA of MR.The target of this solution is: carry out between the LFN be present in the accessed territory and the CN in home domain and carry out perfectly optimization.
Further, patent documentation 4 has been described and has been optimized method for communicating via at least the first upstream MR between MNN and CN.This patent documentation 4 has been described when the BU of MR choice criteria between MR and CN and BU (using PSBU) use, and PSBU is difficult by the CN checking.Therefore, according to this method,, be each binding of MNN execution from MR to CN by transfer approach without MNN identification.In this, MR is the RR that the MNN of MR self and connection carries out expansion, and, from MR to CN, carry out BU by using two different keys.MR produces the key generation token that token (token), Care-of Address key generation token and MNN key produce token by three ownership keys that comprise standard RR, and produce new key, and MR uses this key, is used for the address registration to the MNN of CN by BU.Except described above be the new key of registration of BU message, use the key of standard RR to produce token and produce standard key.Further, expand this method, to be supported in the MR under the Nested conditions.As a result, all MR under Nested conditions carry out BU to CN, and CN can estimate three paths to MNN.Moreover this indication is finished the method for RO to CN from each independent MNN.
In patent documentation 5, the routing optimality between MR and CR has been described.Except when when carrying out the CR search, used outside the formal name server with high reliability, this technology type that discloses in patent documentation 5 is similar to the technology of describing in non-patent literature 3.This server support is determined from the CR of the address of the concrete CN of MR request.Then, MR is that determined CR carries out RR and BU.CR checks in fact whether MR have this prefix or have the set of prefix before the setting in tunnel.The Technology Need that discloses in patent documentation 5 is used for the public key infrastructure (PKI) of the operation of this system.Basically, reliable key must set up between CR and the name server or between MR and name server.Moreover, CR is considered as the stationary nodes in the foundation structure of this system.
On the other hand, the importance of radio communication increases, and anticipate: in the future, a large amount of endpoint nodes will change into mobile.For example, each MH moves.And LFN moves in the condition that always is connected to the mobile network.In this case, need node (end node) endways to be positioned under the situation of any territory/position/link of internet, can arrive this endpoint node via optimal path.
For working as two mobile nodes that are in the mutual executive communication in the home link, perhaps for two stationary nodes of the mutual executive communication that is sitting at home link/homing position/home domain, because IPv6 route, grouping by standard are distributed via the route of optimizing, so, concrete problem can not take place.Yet, when one in the endpoint node or both are positioned at accessed link/accessed position/accessed territory, have condition (wherein, can realize arriving) and be exactly necessity by routing optimization method, and, the processing that is used for this purpose must be carried out.
Moreover, when described two endpoint nodes are VMN (visit mobile node) and are positioned at the nested first order (stage) or during mobile host (MH), be achieved according to the two-way RR of MIPv6 with by the two-way RO of BU/BA.As two endpoint node boths during, carry out two-way RO particularly at first order Nested conditions.When MR is present in the accessed link that is directly connected to the internet, the VMN that under the VMN under the first order Nested conditions is control at MR, connects.
Fig. 1 shows the retreatment under the situation that data send via route, its by traditional standard agreement for example NEMO support substantially and support.Think that herein node LFN150 and the LFN 151 of in accessed territory two equities attempts to carry out communicating by letter each other, and described peer node is not all known the position of another peer node, and perhaps peer node does not know that they are all moving with respect to the Internet topology (global communications network 100).
In this case, LFN 150 is connected to MR 140 via link 103, and MR 140 is connected to couple in router (AR) 130 via access network 101.Similarly, LFN 151 is connected to MR 141 via link 104, and MR 141 is connected to AR 131 via access network 102.Moreover AR 130 and AR 131 are connected to global communications network 100 (for example, internet).HA 120 is home agents of MR 140, and HA 121 is home agents of MR 141.
Under the situation of LFN 150 beginning and the data communication session of LFN 151, the destination address of LFN 150 datagrams (datagram) is set to the HoA of LFN 151.Because LFN 150 is connected to 140 via simple link 161, so, grouping sent via MR 140.
MR 140 is provided with the NEMO basic agreement.Therefore, the encapsulation and via route (bidirectional tunnel) 160 tunnel packets.At HA 120, the described grouping of decapsulation.Because target is LFN 151, so, the home domain of grouping sent via route 163 (expansion link) to MR 141.Herein, HA 121 is via route (bidirectional tunnel) 162 intercepted packet, and, its tunnel transmission is given the CoA of MR 141.MR 141 intercepting and the described groupings of decapsulation, and, it is transferred to LFN 151.In addition, under the situation that LFN 151 transmits in response to LFN 150, carry out similarly and handle.
In the described situation of Fig. 1, the data route is very long.Further, the example place on two routes in packet carries out tunnel transmission (tunneling), and the mean size of grouping increases.Therefore, obviously, optimization is expected.
Fig. 2 illustrates another and finds the useful situation of the present invention.Fig. 2 illustrates the defective of traditional under these circumstances agreement.Herein, description also will only concentrate on standardized agreement.
, suppose that MH 170 is provided with MIPv6 RO agreement herein, and LFN 151 can be by producing BCE (banding cache clauses and subclauses) and supporting RR by sending HoT and CoT message.Moreover, suppose that MR 141 is provided with the basic supported protocol of NEMO, under this situation, connect MH 170 and MR 141 to accessed link.Moreover according to this situation, the peer node (MH 170) that directly is connected to AR 130 is just attempting to carry out and the communicating by letter of the LFN 151 that is connected to MR 141.Further, under this situation, suppose that HA 120 is home agents of MH 170, and HA 121 is home agents of MR 141.
Because hypothesis provides the MH 170 with MIPv6RO module, so MH 170 at first begins to handle to the RR of LFN 151.Particularly, LFN 151 supports this RR to handle, and, CoA and the HoA of registration MH 170 in LFN151.When MH 170 beginning data communication, MH 170 uses its CoA, and avoids using the tunnel of HA 120.Yet MH 170 does not grasp the position of peer node (LFN 151), and, send the home domain of described grouping to LFN 151.HA 121 intercepted packet, and, with the CoA of its tunnel transmission to MR 141.Then, MR 141 carries out decapsulation, and LFN 151 is given in the transmission grouping.
When LFN 151 wanted the transmission response packet, it checked its BCE, and found the CoA of MH 170.Then, LFN 151 uses route header type 2 (RH2) and carries out source routing.Herein, MR 141 reference target addresses.Owing in BCE, do not have the clauses and subclauses of supporting basic supporter of NEMO or IPv6 routing table, so MR 141 tunnel packets are given its HA121.HA 121 decapsulations are divided into groups, and it is sent to correct gateway.At last, send grouping to MH 170 by standard I Pv6 routing mechanism.
The problem of seeing in this case is: owing to route has been twisted in long extension, and have the tunnel of the mean size that increases grouping.
Fig. 3 shows and has nested situation.In Fig. 3, show the problem that relates to traditional standard agreement.In Fig. 3, VMN 171 is in the Nested conditions under MR 140 control, and VMN172 is in the Nested conditions under the control of MR 141.These VMN 171 and VMN 172 boths attempt to carry out data communication each other.Think that VMN 171 and VMN 172 boths are provided with the MIPv6RO agreement herein.Moreover, think that MR 140 and MR 141 boths are provided with basic supported protocol.HA 120 is HA of MR 140, and HA 121 is HA of MR 141.Moreover, connect MR 140 to global communications network 100 via AR 130, and, MR 141 connected to global communications network 100 via AR 131.
At first, suppose VMN 171 and the two-way RR of VMN 172 operative norms, BU and BA, and, by effective method identification HoA and CoA binding each other.When after first signaling, transmitting data, use RH2.MR 140 and MR 141 do not have the destination address of the packet that will be sent out from VMN 171 to VMN 172 in their banding cache and list of bindings (BL), and therefore, send grouping by tunnel transmission respectively to self HA 120 and HA 121.As a result, the grouping that sends from VMN 171 finally is sent to VMN 172 via simple link 165, bidirectional tunnel 166, expansion link 167, another bidirectional tunnel 168 and simple link 169.
Two-way RR, BU and BA have increased the protocol signaling cost, and, this means that the signaling of quite a lot of quantity takes place.Moreover, the route of transmitted in packets through being optimized especially, and, owing to increased the size of the grouping of each route by the encapsulation in tunnel.
In order to understand problem about the agreement of the prior art under another situation, with reference to figure 4, such situation has been provided description, wherein, the VMN 173 under Nested conditions just attempting to carry out be present in accessed territory in the communicating by letter of LFN 151.In Fig. 4, suppose to provide the MR 140 and the MR 141 that have the NEMO basic agreement, and end hosts (end host) is used MIPv6RO.
When carrying out two-way RR, BU and BA between VMN 173 and LFN 151, VMH 173 does not need tunnels data packets is transferred to its HA 122.The substitute is, it can use its CoA rapidly.Yet, and be not present in the routing table of BCE, BL or MR 140 as the relevant clauses and subclauses in the address of destination address LFN 151, and, the HA 120 of MR 140 given via route 10 tunnel transmission data.In HA 120 decapsulation data, and send it to the home domain of MR 141.Then, it is sent to MR 141 home domain and via route 11 once more tunnel transmission give MR 141.At last, packet by decapsulation, and arrives LFN 151 at MR 141.
Similarly, in the time will sending response message, LFN 151 directly sends to the CoA of VMN 173 with it.On the clauses and subclauses of the route correlation table of MR 141, can not the recognition objective address, and via HA 121 tunnel packets, and it arrives final objective VMN 173.
Under this situation, show when using MIPv6RO agreement and the basic supported protocol of NEMO, because long extension＜whether my uncertain this mean long route〉route of the packet of twisting.
Patent documentation 1:keiichi shimizu and Yusuke Kinoshita, " Rout optimizationMethod and Agent ApAR atus ", U.S. Patent application 20020009066A1, May 29 calendar year 2001.
Patent documentation 2:Jarno Rajahalme, " Route optimizing mobile IP providingLocation Privacy ", WO2004/010668, on July 19th, 2002.
Patent documentation 3:Cedric westphal, " Routing optimization proxy in IP Networks ", U.S. Patent application 20040095913A1, on November 20th, 2002.
Patent documentation 4:Alexia Oliverau, Christophe Janneteau and Alexandru Petrescu " A method of validated communication ", WO2005/015853A1, on February 17th, 2005.
Patent documentation 5:Marco Molteni, Pascal Thubert and Patrick Wetterwald " Arrangement for retrieving routing information for establishing a bidirectionaltunnel between a mobile router and a correspondent router ", WO2004/104740A2, on December 2nd, 2004.
Non-patent literature 1:Johnson, D.B., Perkins, C.E., and Arkko, J.; " mobility supportin IPv6 ", Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) request for comments (RFC) in June, 3775,2004.
Non-patent literature 2:Devarapalli, V., et, al., " NEMO basic support protocol ", internetengineeruing task force (IETF) request for comments (RFC) in January, 3963,2005.
Non-patent literature 3:Ryuji wakikawa and Masafumi watari, " optimized routecache protocol ", IETF internet draft:draft-wakikawa-nemo-orc-00.tex, work-in-progress, in July, 2004.
Non-patent literature 4:J.Na, S.cho, c.kim, S.Lee, H.Kang and C.koo; " Routeoptimization scheme based on path control header ", IETF internet Draft:draft-na-nemo-path-control-header-00.txt, in April, 2004.
Non-patent literature 5:C.Bernardos, M.Bagnulo, M.calderon and I.Soto; " MobileIPv6 route optimisation for network mobility (MIRON) "; IETF internetdraf:draft-bernardos-nemo-miron-00.txt, arrived aspire on January 12nd, 2006.
Non-patent literature 6:C.Ng and J.Hirano; " Securing Nested tunnels optimizationwith access router option, IETF intenet draft:draft-ng-nemo-access-router-option-01.txt arrived aspire on January 10th, 2005.
Yet in the method for the scheme that the above patent documentation that provides 3 discloses, peer node must change destination address, and how it uncertainly operates in current IPv6 standard.Particularly, for example, advise that herein peer node still needs the necessary data structure of banding cache clauses and subclauses (BCE), and must have the function of routing optimality.Moreover, when peer node self is when moving, in the method for the scheme that the document discloses, uncertain it how to operate.
The scheme that discloses in non-patent literature 3 that as above provides provides the routing optimality by simple program, but has several points that must be considered.At first, mobile node must be found end-to-end router, and this means that the burden of mobile node increases.The second, because mobile node is found end-to-end router by using multicast address, do not guarantee the selection of optimum end-to-end router.The 3rd, have such problem, promptly do not exist be directed to mobile node how to judge the end-to-end router of selection be not the node that is harmful to but real legal end-to-end router, the hint in checking.The 4th, end-to-end router has the prefix common with the home address of peer node, and if peer node is not present in the home link, then when peer node was not present in the home link, this solution that is used to optimize was invalid.This solution is that it is arranged in home link fully for peer node.
According to the solution that in non-patent literature 4, discloses, by using PCH, carry out the RO between MR, but have several problems.The first, this agreement is instant demand (on-demand) agreement, and it is operated where necessary and when this option is detected by a plurality of CR that are present on the route, and utilization is included in the CoA in this option and produces the RO tunnel.Yet, be not in the CR territory all nodes all necessarily need with under the control of MR, communicate by letter with mobile network node (MNN), and, exist this handle may be invalid problem.The second, there is such problem, that is: the method that has the RR method of identical degree of safety and have a similar degree of safety is not used in the binding from MR to CR.The 3rd, be performed with the unit of being grouped into by each stream that is transmitted as of the address of opening initial point in the tunnel of PCH.As a result, this causes significant signaling cost.The 4th, be similar to the situation in the non-patent literature 3, MR uses prefix ranges Binding Update (PSBU) to CR, whether really has prefix, and this means but CR can not discern MR, and security-related problem may occur.The 5th, all routers and the node on route are checked the PCH hop-by-hop options, and, this means processing cost and owing to owing to handle the increase of the delay that causes.
There are some following problems in the solution that consideration discloses in non-patent literature 5.At first, have such problem, wherein, MR must check all packets from the LFN transmission, and source address must be changed into the CoA of MR.The second, MR must intercept and check all packets of going to LFN, and also must remove the RH type 2 (route header type 2) that increases at CN.The 3rd, in this solution, only when CN is present in the home domain, could carry out perfect routing optimality.The 4th problem is that this RO only carries out for LFN, and MR must distinguish VMN and LFN.
According to the technology that discloses in the patent documentation 4, when not being present in the home domain, this situation of the two-way RR of needs, do not provide detailed examination (scrutiny) as CN.In the technology that patent documentation 4 discloses, exist such problem: CN must have complicated function to carry out expansion RR.
Further, in the technology that patent documentation 5 discloses, have such problem: when CN was present in the accessed territory, formal name server can not be determined CR for CN.Further, must make a large amount of signalings and manual the setting in advance, make and between relevant end-to-end router and formal name server, safe foundation structure to be set.
As mentioned above, at Fig. 1 in Fig. 4, show in peer node and be present under the situation in the accessed territory under the low level Nested conditions, and move relevant RO agreement or move under the situation of basic supported protocol, about the basic problem of routing optimality in the use standard.
According to prior art, proposed when being arranged in accessed link/accessed position/accessed territory and other endpoint node when an endpoint node and being in home link/homing position/home domain, carried out the many solutions under the situation of RO.Yet, solution all is positioned in the absence in accessed link/accessed position/accessed territory with solving at two endpoint nodes, perhaps (supposing that herein local mobile node (LMN) fixedly connected under the control at MR also is included among the LFN) under the situation that an endpoint node is local stationary nodes (LFN), the problem when attempting to realize safe two-way RO.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, target of the present invention is to provide a kind of communication route optimization method, and thus, when two endpoint nodes that come out from their ownership sub-argument were carried out data communication mutually, the route of optimizing data communication became possibility.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, communication route optimization method according to the present invention be a kind of under the control of mobile router, the method for the optimization that will between first communication node and second communication node, carry out communication route, wherein said method may further comprise the steps:
To comprise that the predeterminated target option of the information that is used for described communication route optimization is inserted into the head of the grouping that will be transmitted to described second communication node;
Home agent by described mobile router receives the described grouping that sends to described second communication node from described first communication node; And
Encapsulate described grouping, so that the home agent by described mobile router is carried out the tunnel transmission of described grouping to described mobile router, and, by duplicating described predeterminated target option, insert described predeterminated target option to the tunnel packet head.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, mobile router can be discerned, first communication node attempting to optimize it self and the second communication node between route, and to carry out route optimisation process between first communication node and mobile router be possible.
In addition, the invention provides aforesaid communication route optimization method, wherein, described method further may further comprise the steps:
Detect described grouping by described mobile router, wherein, described predeterminated target option is present in the described tunnel packet head;
Send response message for described first communication node by described mobile router, comprising being used between described first communication node and described mobile router, carrying out the information of routing optimality;
Between described first communication node and described mobile router, carry out routing optimality; And
Send the grouping that will between described first communication node and described mobile router, send by described first communication node or described mobile router, make grouping by the route that is routed optimization as the result of described routing optimality.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, it is possible optimizing route between first communication node and mobile router.
Moreover, the invention provides aforesaid communication route optimization method, wherein, described first communication node is the mobile router different with described mobile router, and, when the third communication node that detects with the executive communication of described second communication node,, between described mobile router, carry out routing optimality in order between described second communication node and described third communication node, to optimize the purpose of communication route.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, the communication route between second communication node and third communication node can be optimized, and makes not transmit the agency that data are given mobile router, and it is present on the higher rank.
In addition, the invention provides the optimization method of above-mentioned communication route, wherein, described first communication node uses the grouping about message, to carry out the routing optimality between described first communication node and described second communication node according to described grouping, wherein said predeterminated target option is inserted in the described grouping.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, be used in the traditional RR message in handling by use, the increase that suppresses signaling message is possible.
In addition, the invention provides above-mentioned communication route optimization method, wherein, said method comprising the steps of: sent be used for carrying out the response message of the message of routing optimality between described second communication node and described mobile router to described first communication node by described mobile router, this response message comprises the information that is used for carrying out routing optimality between described first communication node and described mobile router.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, when being truncated to when first communication node sends to the message of second communication node, mobile router can send response message for the optimization of carrying out route between first communication node and mobile router.
Moreover, the invention provides above-mentioned communication route optimization method, wherein, described first communication node is the mobile node that separates with the ownership place of oneself, and, the home address of oneself is inserted in the described predeterminated target option, and the Care-of Address of oneself is set to the source address of the grouping that described predeterminated target option is inserted into.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, mobile router can be discerned the second communication address of node from the destination address of grouping, and can discern the home address of first communication node from the predeterminated target option.
In addition, the invention provides above-mentioned communication route optimization method, wherein, described first communication node is the mobile node that separates with self ownership place, in described predeterminated target option, insert encryption key, and the home address of self is set to the source address of the grouping that described predeterminated target option is inserted into.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, mobile router can be discerned the second communication address of node from the destination address of grouping, and can discern the home address of first communication node from the source address of grouping, and can obtain encryption key from the predeterminated target option.
Moreover, the invention provides above-mentioned communication route optimization method, wherein said method is further comprising the steps of:
Detect described predeterminated target option by described mobile router and be present in grouping in the described tunnel packet head;
Produce the information of the checking that is used to use described encryption key by described mobile router; And
By described mobile router response message is sent to described first communication node, the described information that this response message comprises the information that is used for routing optimality and is used for the checking between described first communication node and described mobile router.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, have that handle than the Route Selection of high degree of safety can be by key and be used to use the transmission of Information of the checking of encryption key to realize.
In addition, the invention provides above-mentioned communication route optimization method, wherein said method is further comprising the steps of:
When described mobile router is connected to home link, the predeterminated target option of the grouping of the mobile network outside under the control of the next leisure of inspection oneself; And
When the prefix of prefix under the control at described mobile router of the destination address of described grouping occurs, send described response message by described mobile router.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, when mobile router was present in home link, the routing optimality between first communication node and second communication node can fully be carried out.
Moreover, the invention provides above-mentioned communication route optimization method, wherein said method is further comprising the steps of:
When all described mobile routers transmissions that send described grouping comprise the described grouping of described predeterminated target option, send response message to described first communication node; And
Based on response message, estimate the route of described second communication node by first communication node from each mobile router.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, first communication node can be discerned the mobile router that is present on the tree path that arrives the second communication node.
In addition, the invention provides above-mentioned communication route optimization method, wherein said method is further comprising the steps of:
Insert the information that described predeterminated target option can be replicated once the head of described grouping that is used to refer to by described first communication node;
Encapsulate described grouping, with tunnel transmission to the desired any mobile router of the home agent of any mobile router that at first receives described grouping, by duplicating described predeterminated target option described predeterminated target is inserted into the tunnel packet head, and insertion is used to refer to described predeterminated target option to the forbidden information of duplicating of described tunnel packet head; And
Transmission comprises the response message that is used for carrying out the information of routing optimality between described first communication node and described mobile router, by described mobile router described message is sent to described first communication node, transport tape there is the described grouping of described head, comprising being used to refer to reproducible described predeterminated target option information once after decapsulation.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, first communication node receives response message from the upstream mobile router that exists in the most approaching position of desired peer node arbitrarily, and can discern the existence of upstream mobile router.
In addition, in order to reach above-mentioned target, the invention provides the communication route optimization control device that on mobile node, to assemble, wherein, it is arranged as: home address of oneself or the predeterminated target option that comprises encryption key are inserted into and are used for the route between peer node and the described mobile node is carried out in the head of the relevant grouping of the message of routing optimality.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, even when peer node is the communication node that is among the mobile network, mobile node can be carried out at the routing optimality between the level router on self and the peer node.
Moreover, the invention provides the communication route optimization control device that on mobile node, to assemble, wherein, communication between the communication node that detection connects under self controls and the peer node of expectation, and, it is arranged as: will be used for carrying out the relevant grouping of the message of routing optimality and send to desired described peer node with any opposite end of described expectation, and described grouping is the grouping of having inserted the home address of oneself or having comprised the predeterminated target option of encryption key.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, even when peer node is communication node among the mobile network, in order to optimize the purpose of communication route between communication node among the mobile network under control and the peer node, mobile router also can carry out it self and higher level's mobile router of peer node between routing optimality.
In addition, the invention provides the communication route optimization control device that on the home agent of mobile router, to assemble, wherein, it is arranged as: be inserted at the predeterminated target option that comprises the information that will be used for routing optimality under the situation of head of the grouping that will be given described mobile router by tunnel transmission, encapsulate described grouping, to carry out the tunnel transmission of described mobile router, and arrive the tunnel packet head by duplicating described predeterminated target option, and described predeterminated target option is inserted into the tunnel packet head.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, even when encapsulating packets, place the predeterminated target option that inserts by first communication node in the tunnel packet head, and can discern first communication node at the mobile router of tunnel exit and will carry out at the routing optimality between self and the second communication node.
Moreover, the invention provides the communication route optimization control device that on mobile router, to assemble, wherein, it is arranged as: be inserted at the predeterminated target option that comprises the information that will be used for routing optimality under the situation of tunnel packet head of grouping of the encapsulation that will be transferred to communication node control, send the respond packet of the address that comprises the communication node under self home address and the control.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, when detecting the grouping that has insertion predeterminated target option wherein, mobile router can be carried out the routing optimality between the reflector of self and grouping.
In addition, the invention provides the communication route optimization control device that on mobile router, to assemble, wherein, when this device is connected to home link, the predeterminated target option that comprises in the grouping of the mobile network of described device inspection under the control that comes leisure self outside, and when the prefix of the destination address of described grouping occurred with the prefix under described mobile router control, described device sent described response message.
According to above-mentioned arrangement,, also can carry out the routing optimality between first communication node (being present in the mobile network outside) and second communication node (being present in mobile network inside) even when mobile router is present on the home link.
Moreover, the invention provides the communication route optimization control device that on mobile node, to assemble, wherein, described device sends and has the grouping of insertion predeterminated target option wherein to any desired peer node, and, described device is by receiving described response packet message from arriving the mobile router that pass through before desired described any communication node in described grouping, and estimates the route of described second communication node.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, mobile node can be discerned the mobile router that is present on the tree path that arrives any desired peer node.
In addition, the invention provides the communication route optimization control device that will assemble on mobile router, wherein, when transmission comprised the described grouping of predeterminated target option, described device sent response message to described transmission packets source.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, mobile node can be discerned the mobile router on the tree path that is present in any desired peer node.
Moreover, the invention provides the communication route optimization control device that on mobile node, to assemble, wherein, described device by interpolation information to the grouping of wherein having inserted the predeterminated target option, and grouping is sent to any desired peer node, described information is used to refer to when the described grouping of encapsulation, only can be with described predeterminated target information reproduction to the head that encapsulates once.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, mobile node receives the response message from the upstream mobile router of the position that is present in the most approaching any desired peer node, and can discern the existence of upstream mobile router.
In addition, the invention provides the communication route optimization control device that on mobile router, to assemble, wherein, when encapsulation comprises that the grouping that is used to refer to described predeterminated target option only can be replicated once information together with the grouping of described predeterminated target option, described device duplicates described predeterminated target option to encapsulation header in encapsulation place of described grouping, and described device is designed to add the forbidden information of duplicating of the described predeterminated target option that is used to refer to described encapsulation header.
According to above-mentioned arrangement, only transmit the predeterminated target option that adds grouping to by mobile node and give the upstream mobile router of the position be present in the most approaching any desired peer node, and the appearance of upstream mobile router can be discerned from the response message of upstream mobile router by receiving.
The present invention has above-mentioned arrangement, and the effect that it provides when two endpoint nodes that separate with ownership place are carried out data communication, the route of data communication can be optimised.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of network arrangement that is illustrated in first example of situation of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of network arrangement that is illustrated in second example of situation of the prior art.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of network arrangement that is illustrated in the 3rd example of situation of the prior art.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of network arrangement that is illustrated in the 4th example of situation of the prior art.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of example that the function structure of MH in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of example that the function structure of MR in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of network arrangement that first example of situation in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 8 is the sequence chart of example that the message sequence of situation shown in Figure 7 is shown.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of network arrangement that second example of situation in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of network arrangement that the 3rd example of situation in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of network arrangement that the 4th example of situation in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of first example of the message sequence that is relevant to the message that RR handles of the use under the situation about being illustrated in as shown in figure 10.
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of second example of the message sequence that is relevant to the message that RR handles of the use under the situation about being illustrated in as shown in figure 10.
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of network arrangement that the 5th example of the situation in the embodiments of the invention is shown.
Figure 15 is the block diagram that the example of structure of the CoTI message that is used as test post in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 16 is the block diagram that the example of structure of the HoTI message that is used as test post in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 17 is the block diagram that the example of structure of response message in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 18 is the schematic diagram of network arrangement that the 6th example of situation in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 19 is the sequence chart that the example of the message sequence when MR is present in its home domain in another embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Figure 20 is the figure that situation in another embodiment of the present invention is shown, and wherein, the two ends of unicast communication are present in the accessed territory, and in them one is in degree of depth Nested conditions.
Figure 21 illustrates the sequence chart of example that in another embodiment of the present invention basis is not used the message sequence of ID or complicated condition managing algorithm.
Figure 22 illustrates when using the method for use ID according to another embodiment of the invention the figure of the example of structure of the grouping of the test post after passing through the grouping of the first tunnel portal point packaging and testing message.
Figure 23 illustrates when application not use ID according to another embodiment of the invention is machine-processed the figure of the structure of this grouping after the first tunnel portal point tunnel transmission should be divided into groups.
Figure 24 illustrates in another embodiment of the present invention, the figure of the example of structure of the response message that is produced by the receiver of MCRDstOpt (it is the upstream MR that is set up up to the MR of the target of test post, desirable and expectation).
Figure 25 be illustrate when using the method for use ID according to another embodiment of the invention, to figure from the example of structure of the respond packet of giving first test packet of expectation receiver.
Figure 26 is the figure of network arrangement of another example of schematically illustrated situation according to prior art.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings, below will description will be provided in an embodiment of the present invention.In the embodiment of the following description of the present invention, will provide description to described situation, it is considered to disclose best aspect of the present invention.
The present invention relates to such technology, it relates to the two-way RO under the situation of executive communication between two endpoint nodes that are present in accessed link/position/territory basically.Expect nested not being unfolded in (develop) or the nested one-level that is under the situation that endpoint node is VMN.Yet,, also can realize according to the feature such as sufficient CR identification and routing optimality of the present invention even launching under the nested situation of high order.
At first, with reference to figure 5, will realize that the function structure of MH of the present invention provides description to being used for.In Fig. 5, show the new routing unit module of layer 3 the agreement of pragmatize stack.This new unit module is called removable CR-RO module 305 herein.On new RO agreement, detailed description will be provided in another embodiment.
, suppose that new RO unit is so designed herein, making provides RO when peer node is present in the accessed territory.In this function structure, upper-layer protocol 301 comprises user's application, session and host-host protocol.
In the intermediate layer of agreement, there is internetworking protocol 306.Internetworking protocol 306 comprises: for example, be used for carrying out IPv6 route search protocol of I Pv6 route search module 306, be used for carrying out IPv6 in abutting connection with the IPv6 of search protocol in abutting connection with search module, and several modules of carrying out other agreement.
As other above-mentioned agreement, may quote based on the address of MIPv6 and arrange agreement automatically or move the relevant agreement of support.Fig. 5 shows and is used for carrying out the mobile IP v 6+RO module 304 of mobile supported protocol and being used for carrying out removable CR-RO agreement (promptly based on MIPv6 and RO, new RO agreement) removable CR-RO module is carried out the module that moves the support related protocol as being used for based on IPv6.The all functions that are not the internetworking layer are all shown in Figure 5.Figure 5 illustrates the function structure that is used for MH.Under the situation that does not have the needs that special (ad hoc) network is provided, Routing Protocol in the unnecessary support region in stack.
Have in order to support the BCE that is relevant to them and the BL of routing function with mobile relevant routing module mobile IP v 6+RO module and removable CR-RO module 305 boths.
Be present in MH in the home domain when not producing the BCE that uses MIPv6RO, by using the executive communication of standard I Pv6 mechanism.Suppose that MH is present in the home link, and its peer node is present in the accessed territory herein.In this case, by using MIPv6RO, MH executive communication.Therefore, be present under the situation of ownership place (home) at it, MH must operate all modules except removable CR-RO module 305.
On the other hand, being present at MH under the situation in accessed territory, is necessary to the registration of HA.This is supported by mobile IP v 6+RO module 304.Moreover MH has new RO unit (removable CR-RO module 305).Be present under the situation in accessed territory at it, it is always RO and brings into use agreement.If there be not the response message of acquisition by the expectation of new RO agreement support, in order to carry out tunnel transmission via HA, MH carries out RO or uses MIPv6.
Fig. 5 shows lower layer protocol 308.Lower layer protocol 308 has data link layer related protocol and physical layer protocol.Moreover, the interface of data/address bus 300 indications between upper-layer protocol 301 and internetworking layer protocol 306.The interface of data/address bus 307 indications between lower layer protocol 308 and Internet protocol 306.
This function structure is so arranged, the feasible change of carrying out the functional module in each layer independently, and be not given in influence on the pragmatize (actualization) of other layer protocol of stack, and perhaps in other functional entity, carry out it, it is accompanied by and changes and be present in the stack.
Further, Fig. 6 shows the preferred function structure of the MR of the new mobile CR-RO module of having packed.Because MR is a router, the routing unit of MR is more than the MH complexity.
MR must support: IPv6 Routing Protocol module 202, with in the support region or the IPv6 Routing Protocol; Mobile IP v 6+RO module 203; And NEMO basic module 204, to carry out the basic supported protocol of NEMO.Except these, the necessary RO of mobile non-coupling LFN node that MR must pragmatize connects under its control, and must support removable CR-RO module 205 is so that obtain further to be connected to the optimization of the VMN of MR.
Be similar to normal function structure, the relevant signaling of internetworking layer protocol 206, route and route that is used for carrying out the processing that is relevant to routing management is present between upper-layer protocol 201 and the lower layer protocol 208.Herein, the master agreement function is used for via interface 200 and interface 207 executive communications.
In above-mentioned arrangement, only when among MH, VMH or the MR any is present in the accessed territory, just begin new RO module, perhaps begin RO and handle.Moreover, when the peer node of two execution data communication occurs, ideally carry out the present invention in accessed territory.
Fig. 7 shows such situation, and wherein, one of peer node (, being called as " starter node 174 " herein) is present in the accessed territory, and beginning RO handles, and another peer node (LFN151) is present in the accessed territory under MR 141 controls.Generally speaking, such situation is imaginabale, and according to it, starter node 174 attempts to begin the data communication with LFN 151, perhaps helps RO for another node that is connected to the mobile network under it oneself control., will provide description to such situation herein, wherein starter 174 attempts to carry out the data communication with LFN 151.
In case receive MCRDstOpt, MR 141 is just by execution starter node 174 needed response signalings, and the address of transmitting its home address and LFN 151.When receiving when response, 174 identifications of starter node are necessary to carry out the RO with MR 141, make that it is possible arriving LFN 151 by the method for optimizing.Further, starter node 174 identifies from this response: peer node (LFN151) is present in accessed territory.Therefore, after response, by using the method for MIPv6, starter node 174 and MR 141 carry out two-way RR, BU and BA.
Handle after finishing between starter node 174 and the MR 141, in tunnel transmission if data are to send the tunnel to give MR 141, then starter node 174 encapsulation of data in the tunnel.In this case, be desirably in use RH2 extension header in the tunnel head.Come the packet of self-starter node 174 to be given MR 141 by tunnel transmission via route 285.The described data of MR 141 decapsulations, and give LFN 151 via the described data of route 286 transmission.
Under LFN 151 will carry out the situation of communicating by letter with starter node 174, because LFN 151 can not carry out RO (this is most probable situation), so LFN 151 is provided with the HoA that target is a starter node 174.MR 141 checks the BCE that is relevant to the new routing module that as above provides, and HoA that can specified node, and it is present in there (starter node 174).In addition, MR 141 also specifies the address of LFN151 to be associated with clauses and subclauses among the BCE.Therefore, MR 141 is by using the CoA of starter node 174, for the tunnel encapsulation grouping of RO (route 285), as the destination address in tunnel.
In this embodiment, only essential part of the present invention and a simple situation have been provided description.To describe more complex embodiments in other embodiments, and will provide description more specifically invention.
Moreover, suppose that LFN 151 does not support MIPv6RO, still, even when LFN 151 supports MIPv6RO, it also may reside in this system.Below will provide the description of the method that realizes this.
When sending MCRDstOpt-be not as expectation test post-but in the RR stream by 174 beginnings of starter node, LFN 151 (with the MIPv6RO packing) can ignore MCRDstOpt.Then, LFN 151 carries out RR, and finally uses the destination address of the CoA of starter node 174 as transfer of data.
On the other hand, MR 141 can check whether the CoA with new protocol-dependent GB (starter node 174) is present among the BCE.As a result, MR 141 does not begin new RO by the transmission of message to be handled, and still, replaces, and carries out tunnel transmission via route 285.Therefore, the unidirectional RR between starter node 174 and LFN 151 becomes useless substantially, and preferably avoids like this.This can oneself be carried out by starter node 174.
Particularly, when receive the relevant response of general removable CR-RO from MR 141, and when LFN 151 (via MIPv6RO) receives the response that is relevant to standard RR, starter node 174 can be distinguished two responses mutually, and can further hang up RR and the BU between the own and LFN 151 at it.As a result, in LFN 151, do not form BCE.Perhaps, as another method, if MR 141 can distinguish LFN 151 and VMN, then MR 141 can notify LFN 151 to make it not carry out RR.
The problems referred to above depend on actual execution.Moreover, provide MIPv6RO frequently not take place to the situation of LFN 151.In fact, this situation is very rare.
Next step in the following embodiment that provides, considers that LFN 151 is situations of simple IPv6 node.Fig. 8 is illustrated in details and the signalling route when execution is of the present invention on the data route.The HA of starter node 174 is HA 120, and the HA of MR 141 is HA 121.
On the other hand, in case obtain MCRDstOpt, MR 141 just uses its HoA as source address and beginning response message, and wherein, the address that only comprises LFN 151 is as message parameter.In this, starter 174 can check that the HoA of MR 141 has the prefix identical with expectation target.
Then, MR 141 is to its HA 121 tunnel transmission response messages.In case receive response message 184, HA 121 just carries out decapsulation, and sends the home domain of response message 185 to starter node 174.Behind intercepting response message 185, HA 120 encapsulation response messages and transmission will be by the CoA of the response message 186 of tunnel transmission to starter node 174.In case receive response message 186, starter node 174 is carried out decapsulation, and obtains necessary parameter (address of the HoA of MR 141 and LFN 151) from response message 186.Behind intercepting response message 186, starter node 174 and MR 141 carry out two-way RR, BU and BA as shown in the frame 187 of Fig. 8.
After the successful processing of two-way binding, starter node 174 encapsulation of data in the tunnel of the CoA that points to MR 141 is given LFN 151, and sends tunnel packet 188.MR 141 decapsulation tunnel packet 188 and transmission packet 189 are to LFN 151.Similarly, when LFN 151 sends packet 190 to starter node 174, encapsulate it, and send to the CoA of starter node by the tunnel packet shown in Fig. 8 191 at MR 141.At starter node 174 is under the situation of MH, carries out processing as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.
On the other hand, Fig. 9 shows in an embodiment of the present invention, according to the comparison of the situation of using the traditional agreement shown in Fig. 4, the situation that the route of Route Selection reduces definitely.In this embodiment, will provide description to the present invention under such situation, in this case, starter node 174 shown in Fig. 7 is VMN 173, and it is in the Nested conditions under the control of MR 140, wherein, wherein MR 140 is present in the accessed territory.
Fig. 9 illustrates situation, and wherein, VMN 173 connects under MR 140 control, and it will begin the data communication with the LFN 151 that is connected under the control of MR 141.Herein, MR 141 connects via accessed link under the control of AR 131, and MR 140 connects via accessed link under the control of AR 130.In VMN 173, MR 140 and MR 141, the removable CR-RO module of packing.HA 120 is HA of MR 140, and HA 121 is HA of MR 141.HA 122 is HA of VMN 173.The MCRDstOpt of HA 120, HA 121 and HA 122 necessary recognition objective extension header, and must carry out to handle to duplicate MCRDstOpt and give the tunnel head.
At first, VMN 173 sends test post to LFN 151 (route 380).Encapsulate this test post and give the tunnel of the HA 120 that points at MR 140, and via route 381 these test posts of transmission.At HA 120, this test post of decapsulation, and it is sent to the home domain of LFN 151 via route 382.Herein, by HA 121 intercepting test posts.Duplicate MCRDstOpt and give the tunnel head, and encapsulate it, and send it via the tunnel of route 383.This message arrives tunnel exit point (MR141).
The decapsulation of the mode that MR 141 execution and operation described above are similar.MR 141 sends response to VMN 173.Then, by the signaling relevant, between VMN 173 and MR 141, set up bidirectional tunnel with RR.Via route 384, test post can be submitted to LFN 151, yet LFN 151 does not also understand this test post, and abandon test post.
Herein, VMN 173 recognition objectives (opposite end person) are LFN, and this is because it does not have the BCE of LFN151.Therefore, VMN 173 is divided into groups to LFN151 by MR 141 tunneling datas via tunnel transmission.Particularly, in the tunnel head, the CoA that destination address is MR 141 is set.Packet from the tunnel transmission of VMN 173 at first arrives MR 140 via route 385.Then, further encapsulate, and send to HA 120 via route 386 at MR 140.Herein, decapsulate data packets, and send to the CoA of MR 141 via route 387.MR 141 decapsulate data packets, and packet arrives LFN 151 via route 388.
For example, in order to allow by inlet filter (ingress filter), and reduce the expense when obtaining complete tunnel transmission, expectation can be given MR 141 or can change the CoA of source address to it by tunnel transmission MR 140, disclosing in non-patent literature 6.MR 140 identifies the CoA of this matching addresses MR 141 by checking the destination address (CoA of MR141) in the tunnel that is produced by VMN 173 (MR 140 has HoA and the CoA of MR 141).MR 140 identifies: the source in tunnel (VMN 173) are not LFN.As a result, can in the technology that non-patent literature 6 discloses, easily change source address.
When LFN 151 as more than after the RO that provides perfectly set up, when sending packet to VMN 173, by using similar method, MR 141 checks the source address of BCE and ferret out address (HoA of VMN 173) and LFN 151, and tunnel transmission should grouping be given VMN173.The target of expectation tunnel head is the CoA of MR 140, and it has the RH2 of the clauses and subclauses of the CoA that comprises VMN 173 and HoA.
When comparing the relevant Fig. 4 of prior art and Fig. 9, obviously, the invention provides the route of optimization.
Figure 10 shows such situation, and wherein, starter node 174 shown in Figure 7 is MR.In this case, LFN 150 and LFN 151 are present in the accessed territory, and will carry out communication each other.HA 120 is HA of MR 140, and HA 121 is HA of MR 141.
When LFN 151 log-on datas are communicated by letter, in order to be optimized to the route of LFN 151, the removable CR-RO module of MR 140 beginnings.As described in above embodiment, send test post via route 480,483 and 482, and arrive MR 141.Suppose that the CoA of MR is as source address herein.
After the intercepting test post, MR 141 finishes response and handles, and MR 140 and MR 141 set up bidirectional tunnel.After the tunnel was set up, when LFN 150 sent packets, MR 140 found that targets are LFN 151 and check BCE, and it specifies the address of MR 140, and it has the prefix identical with LFN 151.Then, to above-mentioned tunnel, MR 140 can send grouping via route 485 by encapsulating packets.Moreover, when LFN 151 sends packet, carry out similarly processing in partner (partner) side (MR 141).
When according to Fig. 1 of prior art and Figure 10 relatively the time, it is obvious that advantage of the present invention becomes.
Figure 11 shows such situation, and according to it, VMN 174 and VMN 173 are arranged in accessed territory, and these are in the Nested conditions under the control of MR 140 and MR 141, and carry out mutual data communication.In addition, MR 140 and MR 141 also are present in the accessed territory.HA 120 is HA of MR 140, and HA 121 is HA of MR 141.HA 123 is HA of VMN 173, and HA 122 is HA of VMN 174.
Under VMN 173 will carry out situation with the data communication of VMN 174, VMN 173 at first arranged test post, and it has the MCRDstOpt of the HoA that comprises it, and has the HoA as the VMN 174 of target.Under this situation, in setup test message, the CoA of VMN 173 is as source address.
Submit this message via route 580 and give MA140.Then, MR 140 encapsulation it, and via route 581 transmission it, and it is unpacked at HA 120.Then, this message sends to the home domain of VMN 174 via route 582.Then, by HA 122 intercepting it, and duplicate MCRDstOpt and give the tunnel head, and tunnel transmission it.This tunnel packet arrives HA 121 via route 583.At HA 121, duplicate MCRDstOpt once more and give the tunnel head, and further its tunnel transmission is given the CoA of MR141.
When message arrived MR 141 via route 584, MR 141 obtained the HoA of VMN 173, and the target of recognizing inner grouping is the fact that is present in the CoA of the VMN 174 in its memory.Test post arrives VMN 174 via route 585.VMN 174 carries out decapsulation, and obtains MCRDstOpt (HoA of VMN 173).MR 141 and VMN 174 boths will send to VMN 173 to the response of test post respectively.
In case receive the HoA response that comprises these (MR 141 and VMN 174), VMN 173 just is enabled in RR processing, BU and the BA between these entities.After two-way RR, BU and BA processing, VMN 173 finally keeps HoA and the CoA of VMN 174, and further remains on HoA and the CoA of the MR 141 among the BCE relevant with new routing module.Therefore,, can find that VMN 173 must arrive MR 141, so that arrive the CoA of VMN174 by the coupling of prefix according to these BCE.When VMN 173 sends data to VMN 174, the CoA that target is MR 141 is set, and the last time slot of RH2 is set to the HoA of VMN 174.
When this grouping arrives MR 140 via route 586, because MR 140 does not have the BCE of the CoA that comprises MR 141, so this grouping is its HA 120 by tunnel transmission.As a result, send grouping via route 587.HA 120 carries out the decapsulation of grouping, and, be sent in packet among it via route 588, and final, it arrives VMN 174 via route 589.When VMN 174 intermittently sends response packet, because it does not also know to be present in other MR on the tree path that arrives VMN 173, so the CoA of VMN 174 use VMN 173 is as target, and, prepare only to comprise the packet of the HoA of VMN 173 as the time slot of RH2.
When obtaining this packet, MR 141 recognizes that destination address is the CoA that is included in the VMN 173 among the BCE.Therefore, MR 141 encapsulated data packet are given VMN 173 with tunnel transmission, perhaps send message by the CoA that source address is changed into it.At last, the HA 120 via MR 140 sends message and arrives VMN 173.Then, after the past of expecting time, as what explained among the above embodiment, the removable CR-RO module of MR 140 beginnings, and send test post to MR 141, and the bidirectional tunnel of final foundation and MR 141.Then, send the packet that produces by VMN 173 via route 590.In this case, the MR 141 from MR 140 is given in the tunnel transmission packet.As a result, the route of Route Selection is shortened.
Be similar to the above situation that provides, when nested rank was low, this situation provided operation of the present invention.Yet according to this embodiment, even when the target of optimizing is not directed to the situation of Nested conditions, it also is obvious carrying out the present invention in the situation of Nested conditions.Than the situation of the prior art shown in Fig. 3, realize perfectly that according to the present invention routing optimality is obvious.
According to Figure 12, LFN 150 and LFN 151 are present in the accessed territory, and can to optimize signaling in carrying out data communication be obvious.Provide the description of this embodiment below with reference to Figure 12.Exist a lot of methods with pragmatize signaling described herein.In this embodiment, yet, do not carry out and optimize, and, only one of these methods are provided description.
Herein, the HoTI message that produces when the removable CR-RO module of beginning is as test post (therefore, there is no need to increase test post).Use HoTI message as the advantage of test post will make up other embodiment's and describe.
In Figure 12, the HoTI message 1100 that tunnel transmission has a MCRDstOpt give HA 120 and, with it in HA 120 encapsulation.Send packed message HoTI to HA 121.In HA 121, encapsulation HoTI message, and packed HoTI message 1103 arrives MR 141.
As above embodiment explanation, MR 141 carries out decapsulations and obtains necessary parameter (address of the HoA of MR 140 and LFN 151), and also obtains ownership startup cookie.Be addressed under the situation of MR 141 even start cookie, also carry out this and handle in ownership, and carry out the present invention unnecessary signaling reduced.At last, send HoTI message 1105 to LFN 151 and, abandon it at LFN 151.Yet (, suppose LFN 151 herein and do not understand the RO of any kind.)
In the identical time, MR 140 sends the CoTI message 1101 that is addressed to LFN 151 by the CoA that uses it as source address.In the transmission of this CoTI message 1101, endpoint node (peer node) can be VMN or MH.In this case, set up that not have the RO of delay be possible.CoTI message produces at MR 140, and is sent to HA 121.Then, encapsulate it at HA 121, and send packed CoTI message 1104 to MR 141.MR 141 is decapsulation CoTI message 1104 simply, and the CoTI message 1106 of the normal message of transmission conduct is to LFN 151.Because MCRDstOpt is not present in the CoTI message, so MR 141 ignores CoTI message 1106 basically, and only execution sends its processing to correct target (LFN 151).
Herein, based on above-mentioned HoTI message, MR 141 arranges response message.Response message can embed in the mobile head.MR 141 preparations comprise the source address of message conduct in the IPv6 head of its HoA.MR 141 inserts the address of LFN 151 in the mobile option of mobile head, and tunnel transmission response message 1107 is given its HA 121.At HA 121, decapsulation response message 1107, and send the HA 120 of the response message 1108 of decapsulation to MR 140.At HA 120, encapsulation response message 1108, and the packed response message 1109 of tunnel transmission is given MR 140.Send the HoA of response message 1109 to MR 140.
In case receive response message 1109, MR 140 just determines the beginning bidirectional tunnel, and sends CoTI message 1110 to MR 141.Ownership starts cookie and is sent out, and correspondingly, there is no need to carry out further transmission.Because for the optimization that suppresses signaling storm (signaling strom) is performed, so, can think that the operation among this embodiment has improved characteristics.Send the HoA of the CoTI message 1110 of MR 140 to MR 141.As a result, in HA 121 encapsulation CoTI message 1110, and send CoTI message 1111 after packed to MR 141.In case receive CoTI message 1111, MR141 just obtains to deliver startup cookie from CoTI message 1111.Then, be similar to the processing of MIPv6RR, MR 141 produces the ownership key and produces token and deliver key generation token.
For a person skilled in the art, following content is conspicuous: prepare to belong to key by the HoA that uses ownership to start cookie, beginning RR and the starter node of now (nonce) and produce token, and deliver the Care-of Address that starts cookie, beginning RR and current starter node by use, prepare to deliver key and produce token.
After producing these tokens, MR sends the HoA of HoT message 1112 to MR 140.In HoT message, comprise that the ownership key produces token, current index (nonce index) and ownership start index.In the source address of HoT message 1112, use its HoA.The packed HoT message 1112 that transmission as above provides is to HA 121.At HA 121, encapsulation HoT message 1112, and send HoT message 1113 to HA 120.At HA 120, encapsulation HoT message 1113.As a result, HoT message 1114 arrives MR 140.MR 140 decapsulation HoT message 1114, and the content of acquisition needs.
Similarly, MR 141 sends CoT message, and its HoA that uses it is as source address.Herein, MR 141 uses the CoA of MR 140 as destination address.Encapsulation comprises delivers the CoT message that starts cookie, delivers generation token and current index, and the packed message 1115 of tunnel transmission is given HA 121.HA 121 decapsulation CoT message 1115, and send the CoA of CoT message 1116 to MR 140.In case receive CoT message 1116, MR 140 just begins to handle with the bind calculation key, and it is in order to register BU on MR 141.
Almost when receiving with CoTI message 1111, MR 141 begins the HoTI message to MR 140.Send the HoA of this HoTI message to MR 140.Source address is the HoA of MR 141.As a result, encapsulation HoTI message 1117, and, send it to HA 121.At HA 121, decapsulation HoTI message 1117, and send HoTI message 1118 to HA 120.At HA 120, encapsulation HoTI message 1118, and send HoTI message 1119 to MR 140.
Almost simultaneously, MR 141 sends CoTI message to MR 140.In this CoTI message, the CoA of MR 141 is as source address, and the HoA of MR 140 is as destination address.Send this CoTI message to HA 120.Then, encapsulate it, and tunnel transmission gives MR 140 as CoTI message 1121 at HA 120.
Similarly, MR 140 can by use it HoA as source address and the HoA that uses MR 141 as destination address, and send HoT message.Tunnel transmission HoT message 1122 is given HA 120, and with it in HA 120 decapsulations, and send HoT message 1123 to HA 121.At HA 121, encapsulation HoT message 1123, and packed HoT message 1124 arrives MR 141.
On the other hand, MR 140 passes through its HoA of use once more as source address, and uses the CoA of MR 141 to send CoT message as destination address.Tunnel transmission CoT message is given HA 120.Then, arrived MR 141 by the CoT message 1126 of decapsulation.MR 141 also can calculate own required Binding key.
By operation described above, the grouping 1129 that sends from LFN 150 in MR 140 tunnel transmission is to MR 141, and, arrived MR 141 by the packet 1130 of tunnel transmission.Then, at MR141, the packet 1130 of decapsulation tunnel transmission, and original packet 1131 arrives LFN151.
In the situation of VMN (and not being LFN 151), except the response that is produced by MR 141, beginning is by the response of VMN oneself.Responding necessary parameter can be embedded in the CoT message that is sent by VMN.Figure 13 illustrate under the situation shown in Figure 12 can be optimised signaling flow.
Though identical with the situation shown in Figure 12, in Figure 13, provided the embodiment of the possible optimization in signaling.By comparing with Figure 12, the advantage of the situation of the inhibition signaling of Figure 13 becomes obvious.
Moreover in Figure 13, MR 140 sends HoTI message 1000, and after sending HoTI message 1102 by HA 120, HoTI message 1003 arrives MR 141.When decapsulation HoTI message, MR 141 obtains the address that ownership starts cookie, MCRDstOpt and LFN 151.In order to obtain to start cookie from delivering of CoTI message, MR 141 is transformed into such state, is sent to the CoTI message of the address of LFN 152 with search.MR 141 detects CoTI message 1004, and obtains to start cookie from delivering of CoTI message 1004.
Herein, be different from and send independent response message (to the independently HoT message of MR 140 with to the independently HoTI message of MR 140) and give MR 140, in single response message 1007, make up all these message together.The HoA of MR 141 is as the source address in response message 1007, and realization is as the serviceability of HoTI message, and in response message 1007, the HoA of MR 140 is used as destination address, and, can obtain serviceability as HoT message.In addition, the address of LFN 151 is stored in this response message 1007.As a result, the serviceability of message is obtained in response.
In response message 1007, except the address of LFN 151, the ownership that is necessary to comprise it starts cookie, starts by using the ownership that sends from MR 140 that ownership key that cookie produces produces token, current index and the ownership that sends from MR 140 starts cookie.Under the situation that response message 1007 sends as mobile header message, can insert above-mentioned message as mobile option.This depends on actual execution.
As a result, send the response message 1007 of combination thus.At last, response message 1009 arrives MR 140.At MR 140, decapsulation message 1009, and obtain necessary parameter.According to the response message 1009 that receives, a plurality of parameters of MR 140 identification produce token with the ownership key that is prepared for sending BU message, and, prepare to be sent to the HoT message of MR 141.In addition, owing to be possible via the tunnel arrival LFN 151 to the source address of response message, so it is available that MR 140 identifies removable CR-RO module.Provide description simply to carrying out the scheme of optimizing herein, by combined messages.After response message 1009 had been sent out, MR 141 sent another combined messages.
This message is CoT message and the combined message that sent to the CoTI message of MR 140 by MR 141.The target that MR 141 is provided with combined message is the CoA from the MR 140 of CoTI message 1001 identifications.Based on this combined message, MR 141 its CoA of indication give MR 140.Therefore, in combined message, in the validity of the function that makes up CoTI message and CoT message basically.By this combined message, must carry by delivering of producing of MR 141 start cookie, the key of delivering that produced by MR 141 produces token, is used to produce delivering of this token and starts cookie and current index.The combined message that as above provides is a message 1010 shown in Figure 13.This message 1010 can be similar to the mobile head in the mode described above and be prepared by use.For a person skilled in the art, obviously, according to different message, the type difference of mobile head.
In case receive combined message 1010, MR 140 just sends HoT message 1011 to MR 141.The target that MR 140 must be provided with HoT message is the HoA of MR 141.On the other hand, in order to carry out optimization, MR 140 also can use its CoA as source address.This HoT message 1011 is by HA 121 transmission, and arrival MR 141 is as HoT message 1012.Similarly, MR 140 sends CoT message 1013.Consider CoT message, the CoA that target is set is MR 141 is important.
Be similar to MIPv6RR, have normal parameter from the HoT message of MR 140.Moreover it is applicable to the CoT message from MR 140.At last, finish all optimization signalings relevant, and MR 140 sends BU message 1014 with RR.Similarly, MR 141 sends BU message 1015.In Figure 13, only show BU stream.In fact, however BA is related with each BU and be sent out.
In Figure 14, show the present invention and incomplete successful situation.As mentioned above, mainly be present in the situation (ideal case) in accessed territory, optimize the present invention in peer node.Below, yet, be different from ideal case, will be given in the description of the situation (the present invention is not to the successful situation of all scopes) that RO according to the present invention is not performed.Under this situation, peer node is still LFN 150 or LFN 151.Moreover the HA of MR 140 is HA 120, and the HA of MR 141 is HA121.In addition, suppose that MR 140 is present in the accessed territory herein, and LFN 151 is present in the home domain.
Under the situation of LFN 150 beginning and the data communication of LFN 151, because MR 140 is present in the accessed link, so, as explaining, above embodiment begins the processing of test post.Utilize tunnel transmission, send this test post via route 1200.HA 120 carries out the decapsulation of test post, and sends the home domain of test post to LFN 151 via route 1201.Because HA 121 does not have binding, so it can not bring into play the function as acting on behalf of, and does not intercept test post.As a result, HA 121 does not carry out the tunnel transmission to MR 141.Therefore, the message with MCRDstOpt arrives LFN 151, rather than MR 141.
Yet MR 141 moves, and under nearly all situation, it separates with home domain.Therefore, at this, focus in such situation, according to it, the condition that MR 141 is present in the home domain is uncommon, and in the present invention, MR 141 is not present in the home domain.Under MR141 is present in situation in the home domain, if with the situation shown in Fig. 1 relatively, the execution optimization on half top of route.Therefore, even under the situation that can not carry out optimization, there is not the problem of essence yet.
More than, provided the description that exists a lot of methods in aforesaid operations, to send MCRDstOpt.Yet each of these methods all has advantage and problem.
When using the test post of expectation, must in any situation, carry out the extra RR signaling of bandwidth consumed, and, exist in to set up and optimize the possibility that causes delay in the path.As a result, in preferable methods according to the present invention, CoTI message is as test post.In Figure 15, show: CoTI message can be used as test post.
Figure 15 illustrates the example as the message structure of the CoTI message 500 of test post.This is a CoTI message, and the source address of IPv6 head 501 is the CoA that send the starter node of message.Moreover target is a receiver, and it wishes that the starter node sets up the tunnel.
In addition, show the MCRDstOpt (removable CR targets option) 502 that is inserted in the target extension header.In CoTI message, do not indicate the HoA of the starter node of test post, and the HoA of starter node is not inserted among the MCRDstOpt.Moreover, being similar to normal condition, CoTI message must send to deliver and start cookie 504.Increase its data division to mobile head 503.
Because CoA is as the source address of CoTI message, so be as the advantage of the use of the CoTI message of test post: CoTI message can arrive target and needn't tunnel transmission quickly.
As another preferable methods of the present invention, HoTI message can be used as test post.Figure 16 illustrates HoTI message, and it is as test post 403.In this HoTI message, the HoA of the starter node of test post must be the source address of IPv6 head 404.Therefore, must encapsulate this test post in order to tunnel transmission, and, tunnel packet transferred to grouping 400.
In the tunnel packet 400 with tunnel IPv6 head 401, the CoA that the starter node is set is as source address.Because this tunnel packet 400 is the tunnels to the HA of starter node, the tunnel head has tunnel authentication head (tunnel AH) 402.This test post is a mobile messaging.According to non-patent literature 1, tunnel home address targets option is not inserted in the target extension header.
As under the situation of test post, HoA is used as source address in HoTI message, and, need in MCRDstOpt, not insert HoA.The actual content of this option can be empty, perhaps, as option, can insert key.The type that depends on option, must be clear and definite it be the option of which type.Receiver identification is used for message from then on and obtains the method for relevant information.On the other hand, be similar to normal HoTI message, HoTI message comprises mobile extension header (mobile head) 406, and ownership starts cookie407 and is present in this message.
Use this advantage that moves extension header 406 to be: need not send HoA, and differently, encryption key can send by using MCRDstOpt by MCRDstOpt.In addition, because it is tunnelled to the HA of starter node, so this message conversion is for determining the state than high degree of safety.Use the advantage of encryption key to be, the transmission sources of response message can send this key in the time of response, and the starter node can have the sure confirmation that test post has been sent to correct position.
Yet, in the time must under the CN of nested structure environment, fully using this solution, be desirably in the HoA that uses the starter node among the MCRDstOpt of HoTI message.In doing so, MR can avoid checking the processing burden until the details of HoTI packets inner.
Figure 17 is illustrated in the example of the response message in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.In the above-described embodiment, provide response message and had the description that comprises with for the method for a plurality of parameters of the relevant parameter of the RR of the target of optimizing signaling.Herein, the clear and definite basic structure of response message.
The destination address of considering response message is the HoA of the starter node of test post.Moreover the source address of response message is the HoA of the starter of response message, perhaps, in another method, inserts the HoA of the node that obtains MCRDstOpt.The source address of response message and destination address are stored in the IPv6 head 604.IPv6 head 604 has the DAF destination address field of source address field 605 and response message.In source address section 605, comprise the HoA of the transmission sources of response message, for example, the HoA of the starter node of test post grouping is included in the DAF destination address field 606.
Moreover response message also may be arranged to the several new type of mobile extension header.For response message, MR provides response as the agency, and response message has the address 608 of the LFN of test post addressing.Sending under the situation of key by test post, can send encryption key 609, make the receiver of response message can check the validity of message.Expectation is used as encryption key 609 by the encryption key that test post sends, and the application result of encryption function is used in the response message.As a result, the authenticity that receiver can authentication response information.
Moreover, being similar to normal condition, the HoA of the starter node of response message is used as source address, and encapsulates this response message in the tunnel.When preparing packed grouping 600, tunnel AH 602 is used as the tunnel head with tunnel IPv6 head 601.
Figure 18 shows such situation, and wherein, the LFN 150 and the LFN 151 that attempt to carry out communication each other are present in the accessed territory, and, nestedly be in 3 grades.In the Nested conditions of LFN 150 under MR 140, MR 141 and MR 142.HA 120, HA 121 and HA 122 are respectively the home agents of MR 140, MR 141 and MR 142.In the Nested conditions of LFN 151 under MR 143, MR 144 and MR 145.HA 123, HA 124 and HA 125 are respectively the home agents of MR 143, MR 144 and MR 145.
According to the present invention,, also can provide optimization even under such condition.In this embodiment, show: when the present invention carried out under such condition, the further execution of optimization was to be worth expectation with the burden that reduces signaling.Below will provide the description of realization according to the method for optimization of the present invention, and, illustrate that in order to realize better optimize, further to expand be necessary.
When LFN 150 starts data communication with LFN 151, the removable CR-RO module of MR 141 beginnings, and send and have the test post of MCRDstOpt to LFN 151.After through HA 120, HA 121 and HA 122, send this test post to HA 125.Because HA 125 is tunnel portal points, so, duplicate MCRDstOpt to the tunnel head, when test packet arrives HA 124, carry out identical processing, and last, it arrives HA 123.In the end, after handling by a plurality of encapsulation, test packet arrives MR 143.
Under the situation that sends test packet, all upstream routers (MR 143, MR 144, MR145) are also noted that the value of MCRDstOpt except the destination address of inside grouping.Then, MR143, MR 144 and MR 145 send response message respectively to MR 142, that is, and and the transmitter of test post.After receiving response, two-way RR, BU and BA between MR 142 beginning MR 143, MR 144 and the MR 145.These three bidirectional tunnels set up finish after, MR 142 starts by in the packet that will be sent to LFN 151 from LFN 150, the CoA of each MR 143, MR 144 and MR 145 is inserted into to the RH2 in the tunnel of MR 145 and optimised data communication.
After the data communication of MR 142 beginnings and MR 145 optimizations, in order to carry out RO, MR 141 begins to the test post of MR 143.Described this and handled, and be that the fact of the CoA of MR 143 is carried out it by the destination address of MR 141 references by beginning.In this mode, all upstream MR of MR 142 (MR 140 and MR 141) set up the bidirectional tunnel with MR 143 respectively.Therefore, be different from the tunnel transmission of execution to the HA of oneself, all upstream MR (MR 140 and MR 141) can carry out the tunnel transmission to MR 143.
According to the above description that provides, in order to solve the relevant problem of RO with CN under Nested conditions, it is tangible must carrying out a plurality of signalings.For a person skilled in the art, the binding storm of following when carrying out RO is obvious.Do not carry out a plurality of signalings by optimum with method safety, MR142 just must discern the CoA of each MR 143, MR 144 and MR 145.The CoA of each among MR 145 necessary identification MR 142, MR 141 and the MR 140.The result is that when expansion was of the present invention, expectation obtained above-mentioned target.
Then, to Figure 26, the description of an alternative embodiment of the invention will be provided with reference to Figure 19.In this embodiment, provide description to solving the way to solve the problem relevant with the situation with defective (the present invention and successful illy situation), and, under described situation, focus on embodiment described above.
Among the embodiment that in as Figure 19, is shown specifically, such method has been described, wherein, 152 couples of LFN under degree of depth Nested conditions that are in the accessed territory carry out pragmatize by the signaling between the LFN 152 that reduces and the peer node LFN 150 that is connected to the MR 140 that is present in the home link, the path (route optimized path (RO path)) that utilizes routing optimality to handle.With reference to Figure 19, below provide the description of this embodiment.
LFN as peer node obtains this routing optimality with load mode.LFN 152 is connected to MR 142.In addition, MR 142 is connected to MR 143.MR 142 and MR 143 are connected to accessed link, and the HA of the HA of MR 142 and MR 143 is respectively HA 122 and HA 123.
On the other hand, LFN 150 is connected to MR 140, and MR 140 is present on its home link.One of home agent that is present in the MR 140 on the home link is HA 120.
In Figure 19, MR 142 sends test post 1400 to target, according to this, and LFN 152 executive communications.In this situation, MR 142 is added to MCRDstOpt the head of this message.MCRDstOpt has the HoA of MR 142 and two attributes of identifier.After this, identifier, that is, the attribute of MCRDstOpt is called as ID (being used for discerning the ID of the process of setting up the tunnel).
Be similar to the foregoing description, this test post 1400 can be HoTI.Therefore, can give HA 122 with its encapsulation by the tunnel.At MR 143,, encapsulate packed test post 1400 and give HA 123 by the tunnel.At HA 123, the part of twice packed message 1401 of decapsulation, and packed message 1401 is sent to HA 122.At HA 122, test post is by decapsulation fully, and message (message that has MCRDstOpt) 1403 arrives LFN 150.
According to the present invention, when MR was present in the home link, MR checked all targets option (comprising that also each does not have self option as target).MR does not need to carry out decapsulation at ownership place to be handled.Because the processing of the complexity of the time that detection and processing need is for MR and do not mean that expensive.Therefore, these features do not increase the processing burden of MR.
In many cases, LFN 150 does not support route optimisation process.Under these circumstances, at LFN 150, often ignore message 1403.MR 140 checks MCRDstOpt, and the prefix of the destination address of confirming test post be by one's own prefix after, send the transmission source of response message 1404 to test post, perhaps, transmit this test post simply, and, response message do not produced.
According to the present invention, find/specify in to arrive the MR (MR142) on the tree path of target of response message.When producing response message 1404, MR 140 inserts in the new targets option that is called RESDstOpt (ResponseDstOpt among Figure 19, simply is described as DstOpt) its HoA and the ID that in test post, receives.This response message has the mobile head of inserting the parameter relevant with RR in order to optimize the tunnel creation facilities program (CFP).This response message further has the address of LFN 150.
This message 1404 arrives HA 122.Herein, HA 122 gives MR 142 by tunnel encapsulation message 1404.In addition, HA 122 is tunnel portal points, and carries out the examination of RESDstOpt according to the standard in tunnel.The option that HA 122 understands this option and discerns this type has two parameters.Then, HA 122 only duplicates this option (RESDstOpt) to the tunnel head (outer tunnel) that is produced.
In this case, the destination address that MR 143 focuses one's attention on after decapsulation is the CoA of MR 142.After decapsulation, the message 1407 of encapsulation once arrives MR 142.MR 142 is receivers of response message expectation.It obtains from the parameter of RESDstOpt and further obtains parameter from mobile head.MR 142 checks value and the ID of LFN 150, and confirms to have received correct response.In this case, might design by this way: MR 142 can distinguish LFN/LMN and VMN by using specific mechanism.Ideally, MR 142 must only send message to LFN/LMN.VMN can send its test post.
Moreover MR 142 keeps medium access controls (MAC) identifier, and the test post identification response message of its transmission of can serving as reasons.When MR 142 receives response for its test post that does not send, jump off the trip address by specifying one, it can identify from response message: response message is from VMN or MR.
According to the present invention, the response message that MR 143 identifications receive, and send another response message 1408, with the ID that clearly receives from MR 140 to MR 140 indications.This message 1408 of tunnel transmission is given HA 123.At HA 123, message transfer 1409.The parameter of herein inferring is not a targets option, and, send it by mobile head.This is because there is no need to be identified in the upstream MR on the tree path that arrives target by response-response message (to the response message of response).At last, this message 1409 arrives MR 140.MR 140 confirms ID, and grasps the tree path of expectation to its tracking, and obtains this parameter from message 1409.
Be right after after the response that receives from MR 140, as explaining among the above embodiment, MR 142 beginning RR (that is, utilizing the optimization RR of MR 140).Set up the stream 1410 of signaling by secure tunnel, MR 140 grasps the CoA of MR 142.Then, be possible by using the response message from MR 143 acquisitions, the tree path that estimation arrives MR 142.MR 143 clearly indicates the CoA of MR 142 by response message.In addition, MR 140 obtains the CoA of MR 142 from the signaling relevant with RR, and estimates the tree path of MR 142.According to the present invention, be right after after estimating the tree path estimated result in the tree path that MR 140 can be by using the signaling relevant with RR, abbreviation signalling route.
After the foundation in RR and tunnel, MR 142 only has the HoA of MR 140, and it does not have the tree path that arrives MR 140.Owing to clearly do not indicate CoA from the response that receives by MR 140, so MR 142 can come promptly pre-assize path according to the response that receives from MR 140.In addition, MR 142 receives response from the receiver (MR 140) of expectation, and as first response that comprises identical ID, and it learns that MR 140 is present in ownership place.After setting up with the tunnel of MR 142, MR 140 has such tree path, and wherein, the CoA of the CoA of MR 143, MR 142 and the HoA of MR 142 are the tunnel routes.When LFN 150 sent packet 1411 to LFN 152, MR 140 checked whether packets 1411 have the prefix with same target address in new BCE.If prefix is identical, then whether MR 140 further inspections can find the tree path relevant with it.If find it, then MR 140 MR 143 is set CoA as first target, and carry out tunnel transmission to MR142.The grouping 1412 of tunnel transmission arrives MR 142 thus.After by MR 142 decapsulations, send packet 143 to LFN 152.
Figure 20 shows and is used under these circumstances, uses method of the present invention by reducing the purpose that RR and BU signaling obtain routing optimality, in this case, the two ends of unicast communication all are present in the accessed territory, and one in them is under the Nested conditions.
In Figure 20, starter node (starter) 180 is connected to accessed link (external access network).Moreover LFN 151 is connected to MR 141, and in addition, MR 141 is connected to MR 142.MR 142 and MR 141 are present in accessed link, and the HA of the HA of MR 141 and MR 143 is respectively HA 121 and HA 122.
In this case, according to the present invention, when the attribute of carrying out tunnel transmission and duplicating MCRDstOpt as HA was given the tunnel head that is produced by its, HA was the attribute (under the situation that does not have attribute) that MCRDstOpt produces new being called " count attribute ".According to the situation shown in Figure 20, HA 121 is by producing count attribute value of setting 1.Use the attribute of this count attribute, be inserted in the tunnel head that produces by it as MCRDstOpt.When HA 122 carries out further encapsulation, the value of this count attribute is incremented to 2 by HA 122.Then, HA 122 values of setting 2 are the count attribute of the MCRDstOpt of the tunnel head that produced by HA 122.
In case obtain MCRDstOpt, MR 142 is count pick up value 2 just, and, MR 141 count pick up values 1.Because MR 142 count pick up values 2, it understands the upstream MR that MR 142 is receivers of expectation, and it is not the target receiver of test post.As a result, when MR 142 prepared response message, it inserted in mobile head rather than targets option such as its CoA, ID and 1 grade of parameter of jumping address or the like.Owing to MR 142 need be in order not send the upstream MR on the tree path that response message has arrival target (starter node 180).
On the other hand, the present invention has the purpose that reduces unnecessary signaling.MR 141 is receivers of expectation, and, be necessary to find the upstream router on the tree path of the transmitter (starter 180) that arrives test post.Therefore, in the response message that sends by MR 141, in targets option, comprise HoA and ID.
The route of the response message of MR 142 is: route 1505 (single tunnel) and 1506 (non-tunnels).Moreover the route of the response message of MR 141 is: route 1507 (single tunnel), 1508 (twin tunnels), 1509 (single tunnel), and 1510 last (non-tunnels).
According to this figure, compare with the response message of MR 141, at first arrive starter 180 from the response message of MR 142.The key parameter that obtains from first response is: the CoA of the HoA of ID, MR 142, the CoA of MR 142 and MR 141 (obtaining when having the first test post decapsulation of MCRDstOpt).On the other hand, the parameter of second response message is the address of HoA and the LFN 151 of (from the response message of MR 141): ID, MR 141.
In case obtain first response, it is not from expecting receiver, because the value of LFN 151 does not occur that starter 180 just identifies this response.Moreover starter 180 is understood a tree path upstream that is present in LFN 151 among the MR according to ID.By analyzing two response parameters, because ID is identical and it is the response of expectation, starter 180 can be estimated the CoA of MR 142, the CoA of MR 141, and the HoA of MR 141, and the address of LFN 151 are as the tree path.Therefore, according to the present invention, when after estimating the tree path, being established to the bidirectional tunnel of MR 141, use these results from response (a plurality of) from the response of different MR for single test post.
Moreover, when sending data to LFN 151, use this tunnel.In the tunnel head, destination address becomes the CoA of MR 142, and the CoA of the CoA of MR 141 and MR 141 is included among the RH2.When comparing with the prior art shown in Figure 26, this machine-processed advantage has just clearly been shown.Do not use a plurality of RR and BU signaling, form to optimize route, and, only carry out necessity between the receiver of starter and expectation with requisite RR and BU.After obtaining relevant MCR targets option, by reference count attribute and destination address, MR can specify direct-connected LFN and VMN/MR.
As mentioned above, after obtaining relevant MCRDstOpt, by reference count attribute and destination address, MR can specify direct-connected LFN and VMN/MR.For example, the CoA that MR 142 understands MR 141 belongs to or VMN or MR, and does not belong to LFN, because it receives count value 2.In this case, MR 142 should not begin the test post processing for the CoA of MR 141.
According to the solution of explaining that is connected of Figure 19 and Figure 20, by using ID, it is possible estimating to set the path process in simple mode, and the condition managing algorithm in the search tree path in node becomes complicated more.Moreover the transmission of ID must be carried out in the stream that nearly all tunnel is set up, and there is shortcoming in some cases in this mechanism, and this is because invalidly wasted frequency band.In addition, till having estimated completely route, because node must be held the parameter that is relevant to ID, so, handle and become more complicated.Moreover the complexity of processing may increase owing to the ID value must be examined when receiving response.This means that when using ID it is complicated more that condition managing becomes.
As in conjunction with Figure 21 explained and describe in an embodiment of the present invention,, exist another not use ID or complicated condition managing algorithm to obtain the tree route method of target according to the present invention.In this method, when finding the tree path of target, slight delay may occur, and signaling can increase.This and method different (developing a plurality of single test posts that respond) among Figure 20.Single test post is produced single response.As a result, the response that when the search tree path, produces a plurality of test posts and similar number.
In Figure 21, starter 180 is present in the accessed link.Moreover MR 142 and MR 141 are present in the accessed territory, and LFN 151 is in the Nested conditions under MR 141 and the MR 141.Moreover HA 121 is HA of MR 141, and HA 122 is HA of MR 142.
Herein, MR 141 sends normal response message 1605, as indicating among another embodiment that explains in conjunction with Figure 21.Send these response message 1605 difference message 1606 and 1607 in response via HA 122 and HA 121, and the response message 1608 final starters 180 that arrive.
After estimating the tree path, starter 180 and MR 141 set up bidirectional tunnel mutually.In this case, use signaling flow 1614.Moreover, in the processing of setting up the tunnel, use the information in relevant tree path.After setting up with the tunnel of MR 141, starter 180 has the HoA of CoA, MR 141 of CoA, MR 141 of MR 142 and the address of the LFN 151 in the BCE.The data-message 1615 of tunnel transmission arrives MR 141.MR carries out decapsulation, and sends data-message 1616 to LFN 151.Under this situation, the CoA of MR 142 becomes the destination address in tunnel.
Figure 22 illustrates when using the method for using ID, the structure of the grouping of the test post after being encapsulated by the first tunnel portal point.Grouping 2000 illustrates the grouping of the test post of encapsulation.
The grouping of packaging and testing message, and the grouping of test post has IPv6 head 2008, target extension header 2009 and MCRDstOpt 2010.This MCRDstOpt 2010 has two attributes, that is, and and " attribute 1 (2011): the HoA of the transmitter of test post 2011 " and " attribute 2 (2012): ID ".For example, can use ID, serial number, random number, verification and or the like as attribute 2 (2012).
Under the situation of serial number, it is easy producing ID, but owing to can quote it, and the assailant can begin attack by predicting this order, so, there is security risk.Under the situation of random number, security risk is lower, still, is necessary for each message and produces random number.Use verification and situation under, hashing algorithm is used in the generation that is necessary for ID.This verification and method in, it is difficult carry out to postpone attacking, and prediction ID also is difficult for the assailant.Therefore, according to verification and method, higher fail safe can be provided.
Because this is based on the message of CoTI, the mobile head 2013 of test post has delivers startup cookie 2014.Moreover the tunnel head has tunnel IPv6 head 2001, tunnel AH (authentication header) 2002 and tunnel target extension header 2003.Tunnel extension header 2003 has MCRDstOpt2004.In addition, the MCRDstOpt 2004 in tunnel has three attributes, that is, and and the HoA of transmitter (2005: identical), ID (with 2006 and 2012 identical) and count value (2007) with 2011.Because the tunnel portal point can not be quoted inner MCRDstOpt, so, this count value produced.
Figure 23 illustrate when use when not using ID machine-processed, the structure of the grouping of test post after the tunnel transmission of the first tunnel portal point.In Figure 23, in the MCRDstOpt5008 of original test packet, describe and duplicate 1 type.Therefore, first tunnel portal point that receives this grouping duplicates the content of MCRDstOpt 5008 and gives by its own tunnel head that produces, and duplicates 0 type for the MCRDstOpt description in the tunnel head.As a result, when carrying out tunnel transmission, other all tunnel portal points does not duplicate this option.Property value in the MCRDstOpt 5004 in tunnel is identical with inner original MCRDstOpt's 5008.
Figure 25 illustrates the respond packet 4000 of giving first test packet from the receiver of expectation.In Figure 25, the HoA of the transmitter of response is being used as source address (as the explanation among another above-mentioned embodiment) in the response message, and it often has structure shown in Figure 25.The transmitter of response is by tunnel transmission, and message is encapsulated into its oneself HA.The tunnel field is tunnel IPv6 head 4001 and tunnel authentication header (tunnel AH) 4002, and real response message has IPv6 head 4003 and target extension header 4004.In target extension header 4004, comprise several response messages.One of attribute in target extension header 4004 is the HoA of the transmitter of response 4006 (attributes 1).Other attribute is the ID (attribute 2) 4007 that sends in test post.
Response message 4000 has mobile head 4008.In the mobile head 4008 of this type, three options have been increased.Option 4009 indications produce token for carrying out RR or optimizing the necessary option value of RR as ownership startup cookie (HoTI cookie) or ownership key.The address of the LFN that option 4010 indication test posts at first have been sent out.Moreover the CoA of option 4011 indication mobile nodes is to produce response (that is transmitter).
In addition, Figure 24 shows the response message that is produced by the receiver of MCRDstOpt, and it is the upstream MR of the MR of conduct desirable and expectation the target that is set to test post.In the MR of this upstream, what there is no need to explain among another embodiment as described above provides further response like that.Therefore, there is no need to make parameter to enter into as shown in figure 25 targets option (RESDstOpt).Therefore, this upstream MR insert all parameters to mobile head 3007 as option.Moreover, the source address of HoA as this response is set.Therefore, this response must be given the HA tunnel transmission of oneself.Mobile head 3007 has option 3008.For option 3008, the CoA of a downstream MR who jumps is set.For option 3009, the CoA of transmitter (upstream MR) is set.For option 3010, be arranged on the ID that sends in the test post.
More than, disclosing and described the present invention in an embodiment, it will be understood that and makes the most enforceable reaching preferably.Yet, for ability in the counting personnel for, under the condition of the scope that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, the change on design transaction and details and to revise all be conspicuous in parameter.
The functional block of using in the description of embodiments of the invention can be finished by LSI (integrated on a large scale), and it is the exemplary of integrated circuit.Can use integrated circuit as single chip or can become single chip independently, make can comprise some or all of.Though describe as LSI, may also be referred to as IC (integrated circuit), system LSI, super LSI or super LSI, depend on integrated degree.
Integrated technology is not limited to LSI, and can design by using objectives circuit or general target processor.After the manufacturing of LSI, can use FPGA (field programmable gate array), it can be programmed after the manufacturing of LSI, perhaps reconfigurable processor, the wherein link of the circuit unit in LSI and be provided with and can reshuffle.
In addition, along with semiconductor technology with from the dissimilar progress of its integrated counting, if the new technology on circuit integrated can occur to replace LSI, functional block can be integrated by using this counting.For example, a this possible application that is arranged in biological counting.
Industrial applicibility
The present invention has each the executing data communication when two endpoint nodes separating from home node The time, can optimization data the effect of route of communication. Can in the communication technology of using Internet protocol Use this technology. Particularly, it can be used for and the such routing optimality that defines at mobile IP v 6 In the relevant technology.
Claims (20)
1, a kind of communication route optimization method that is used for optimizing the communication route will carried out described method under the control of mobile router, between first communication node and second communication node, wherein said method may further comprise the steps:
To comprise that the predeterminated target option of the information that is used for described communication route optimization is inserted into the head of the grouping that will be transmitted to described second communication node;
Home agent by described mobile router receives the described grouping that sends to described second communication node from described first communication node; And
Encapsulate described grouping, so that described grouping tunnel is transferred to described mobile router by the home agent execution of described mobile router, and, by duplicating described predeterminated target option, described predeterminated target option is inserted into the tunnel packet head.
2, communication route optimization method according to claim 1, wherein said method is further comprising the steps of:
Detect described grouping by described mobile router, wherein, described predeterminated target option is present in the described tunnel packet head;
Send response message by described mobile router to described first communication node, comprising being used between described first communication node and described mobile router, carrying out the information of routing optimality;
Between described first communication node and described mobile router, carry out routing optimality; And
Send the grouping that will between described first communication node and described mobile router, send by described first communication node or described mobile router, make described grouping by the route that is routed optimization as the result of described routing optimality.
3, communication route optimization method according to claim 1, wherein, described first communication node is the mobile router different with described mobile router, and, when the third communication node that detects with the executive communication of described second communication node, in order between described second communication node and described third communication node, to optimize the purpose of communication route, between described mobile router, carry out routing optimality.
4, communication route optimization method according to claim 1, wherein, described first communication node uses the grouping about message, to carry out routing optimality according to described being grouped between described first communication node and the described second communication node, wherein said predeterminated target option will be inserted into described grouping.
5, communication route optimization method according to claim 4, wherein, said method comprising the steps of: sent be used for carrying out the response message of the message of routing optimality between described second communication node and described mobile router to described first communication node by described mobile router, this response message comprises the information that is used for carrying out routing optimality between described first communication node and described mobile router.
6, communication route optimization method according to claim 1, wherein, described first communication node is the mobile node that separates with the ownership place of oneself, and, the home address of oneself is inserted in the described predeterminated target option, and the Care-of Address of oneself is set to the source address of the grouping that described predeterminated target option is inserted into.
7, communication route optimization method according to claim 1, wherein, described first communication node is the mobile node that separates with self ownership place, in described predeterminated target option, insert encryption key, and the home address of self is set to the source address of the grouping that described predeterminated target option is inserted into.
8, communication route optimization method according to claim 1, wherein said method is further comprising the steps of:
Detect described predeterminated target option by described mobile router and be present in grouping in the described tunnel packet head;
Produce by described mobile router and to be used to the information of using described encryption key to verify; And
By described mobile router response message is sent to described first communication node, the described information that this response message comprises the information that is used for routing optimality and is used for verifying between described first communication node and described mobile router.
9, communication route optimization method according to claim 2, wherein said method is further comprising the steps of:
When described mobile router is connected to home link, the predeterminated target option of the grouping of the mobile network outside under the control of the next leisure of inspection oneself; And
When the prefix of prefix under the control at described mobile router of the destination address of described grouping occurs, send described response message by described mobile router.
10, communication route optimization method according to claim 1, wherein said method may further comprise the steps:
When all mobile router transmission of the described grouping of transmission comprise the described grouping of described predeterminated target option, send response message to described first communication node; And
Based on described response message, estimate the route of described second communication node by described first communication node from each mobile router.
11, communication route optimization method according to claim 1, wherein said method may further comprise the steps:
Insert the information that described predeterminated target option can be replicated once the head of described grouping that is used to refer to by described first communication node;
Encapsulate described grouping, with tunnel transmission to the desired any mobile router of the home agent of the described any mobile router that at first receives described grouping, by duplicating described predeterminated target option described predeterminated target is inserted into the tunnel packet head, and insertion is used to refer to described predeterminated target option to the forbidden information of duplicating of described tunnel packet head; And
Transmission comprises the response message that is used for carrying out the information of routing optimality between described first communication node and described mobile router, by described mobile router described message is sent to described first communication node, with transport tape the described grouping of described head is arranged, comprising being used to refer to reproducible described predeterminated target option information once after decapsulation.
12, a kind of communication route optimization control device that will on mobile node, assemble, wherein, it is arranged as: home address of oneself or the predeterminated target option that comprises encryption key are inserted into and are used for the route between peer node and the described mobile node is carried out in the head of the relevant grouping of the message of routing optimality.
13, a kind of communication route optimization control device that will on mobile router, assemble, wherein, communication between the communication node that detection connects under self controls and the peer node of expectation, and, it is arranged as: will be used for carrying out the relevant grouping of the message of routing optimality and send to desired described peer node with any opposite end of described expectation, and described grouping is the grouping of having inserted the home address of oneself or having comprised the predeterminated target option of encryption key.
14, a kind of communication route optimization control device that will on the home agent of mobile router, assemble, wherein, it is arranged as: be inserted at the predeterminated target option that comprises the information that will be used for routing optimality under the situation of head of the grouping that will be given described mobile router by tunnel transmission, encapsulate described grouping, to carry out the tunnel transmission of described mobile router, and arrive the tunnel packet head by duplicating described predeterminated target option, and described predeterminated target option is inserted into the tunnel packet head.
15, a kind of communication route optimization control device that will on mobile router, assemble, wherein, it is arranged as: be inserted at the predeterminated target option that comprises the information that will be used for routing optimality under the situation of tunnel packet head of grouping of the encapsulation that will be transferred to communication node control, send the respond packet of the address that comprises the communication node under self home address and the control.
16, a kind of communication route optimization control device that will on mobile router, assemble, wherein, when described device is connected to home link, the predeterminated target option that comprises in the grouping of the mobile network outside of described device inspection under the control that comes leisure self, and, when the prefix of the address that comprises in the described predeterminated target option in described grouping occurred with the prefix under described mobile router control, described device sent described response message.
17, a kind of communication route optimization control device that will on mobile node, assemble, wherein, described device sends and has the grouping of insertion predeterminated target option wherein to any desired peer node, and, described device is by receiving described response packet message from arriving the mobile router that pass through before desired described any communication node in described grouping, and estimates the route of described second communication node.
18, a kind of communication route optimization control device that will assemble on mobile router, wherein, when transmission comprised the described grouping of predeterminated target option, described device sent response message to described transmission packets source.
19, a kind of communication route optimization control device that will on mobile node, assemble, wherein, described device by interpolation information to the grouping of wherein having inserted the predeterminated target option, and grouping is sent to any desired peer node, described information is used to refer to when encapsulation during described grouping, and the head that only described predeterminated target option can be copied to encapsulation once.
20, a kind of communication route optimization control device that will on the home agent of mobile router, assemble, wherein, when encapsulation comprises that being used to refer to described predeterminated target option only can be replicated once packets of information together with described predeterminated target option, described device duplicates the head of described predeterminated target option to encapsulation in encapsulation place of described grouping, and, described device be designed to add the head that is used to refer to described encapsulation described predeterminated target option duplicate forbidden information.
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| CN103141137A (en) * | 2010-10-04 | 2013-06-05 | 索尼公司 | Communication device, communication control method, and communication system |
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| CN103141137A (en) * | 2010-10-04 | 2013-06-05 | 索尼公司 | Communication device, communication control method, and communication system |
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