CN101307414A - Steel for high performance manganese-containing engineering machinery wheel and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Steel for high performance manganese-containing engineering machinery wheel and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a manganese-containing steel and a method for preparing the same. The manganese-containing steel comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by weight: 0.39 to 0.42 percent of C, 0.17 to 0.37 percent of Si, 1.30 to 1.60 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, 0.09 to 0.15 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Mo and the balance being Fe and microimpurities. The preparation method comprises smelting in an electric furnace, refining outside the furnace, steel billet continuous casting and semicontinuous rolling; after the refining outside the furnace, steel is treated by vacuum degassing in order that the nitrogen content in the steel is not more than 80x10<-6> and the oxygen content in the steel is not more than 15x10<-6>; the soaking temperature of a casting blank in a heating furnace is between 1130 and 1200 DEG C; the heating and high-temperature diffusion time is between 4 and 12 hours; the initial rolling temperature is between 1080 and 1150 DEG C; and the finish rolling temperature is between 850 and 1000 DEG C, thereby rolling and obtaining a round steel with a specification phi of between 30 and 150 mm. The method severely controls the chemical composition, gas content and purity of the steel and ensures high hardenability, good fatigue resistance, high strength and toughness and good mechanical performance of the steel; and the manganese-containing steel is suitable for manufacturing parts of an engineering mechanical wheel body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is specifically related to a kind of manganese-containing engineering machinery wheel with steel and preparation method thereof, belongs to the steel alloy metallurgical technology field.
Background technology
The 40Mn2 steel is the used material of domestic dozer track link rail.On the-spot investigation shows, swamp bulldozer chain rail joint ubiquity early fracture failure phenomenon.Typical case's sample that ruptures is carried out fracture analysis and finds that its fracture has the low cycle fatigue feature.Show after deliberation, steel chemical ingredients, microstructure all have more significantly influence to the fatigue property and the fracture mechanism of 40Mn2 chain rail joint, for improving the fatigue lifetime of swamp bulldozer track link rail, how rationally to control chemical ingredients, microstructure in the 40Mn2 steel, and hot-work is produced carry out smoothly, smelting, continuous casting, technology controlling and process such as rolling are very crucial.
At present state includes the problem that manganese steel mainly exists and is:
Because the difficult control of the high smelting chemical composition of alloy content, ingot surface defect increases, the inclusion content height of steel makes part little pockmark in use occur, or at its edges and corners or the fatigue cracking of germinating at the interface of it and matrix and impel workpiece premature failure and fatigue failure.
CN1804092 discloses a kind of tungsten-containing wear-resistant austenitic manganese steel, and the chemical ingredients of steel is wt%:C 1.0-1.5, Mn 5.0-15.0, and W 0.5-5.0, Si＜0.8, S＜0.05, P＜0.05, all the other are Fe; The smelting manufacturing process of steel is: electrosmelting, and it smelts tapping temperature is 1520-1550 ℃, teeming temperature is 1460-1480 ℃; When smelting, iron alloy by the addition sequence after arriving first is: ferrotungsten and ferromanganese pour into needed product then.Be used to make the less wear-resistant cast steel parts of thickness, can cast the back and directly use without thermal treatment; Be used for the bigger wear-resistant cast steel parts of thickness, need after heat treatment to use.It is suitable for making the wear-resisting spare part of industries such as metallurgy, mine, building materials, coal, military project and machinery, as liner plate, tooth plate, tup and grip-pad etc.Simultaneously, tungsten-containing wear-resistant austenitic manganese steel has good forging process performance, and available forge hot manufactured is wear-resisting, the forging of contact resistance excelling in fatigue property, as railroad frog, tup etc.This technology easily cracks during institute's processing parts thermal treatment simultaneously because alloy content is higher, and steel product cost is higher, influences the work-ing life of part.
CN1270238 discloses soleplate of low-alloy austenite-bainite steel and heat treating method thereof, the chemical ingredients of grip-pad is: C:0.32～0.42%, Cr:0.8～2.0%, Mn:1.0～2.0%, Si:0.8～2.0%, Ti:0.06～0.1%, Re:0.1～0.2%, the metallographic structure of material is bainite and a spot of austenite, obtains by isothermal quenching.The heat treating method of soleplate of low-alloy austenite-bainite steel is that grip-pad is heated to 860～920 ℃, is incubated 20 minutes, and the nitrate groove of putting into temperature and be 260～350 ℃ carries out isothermal quenching, and insulation 40 minutes under this temperature, cools off in air at last.This technology easily forms TiN and is mingled with owing to contain Ti in the steel, influence the work-ing life and the machining property of steel, and while Cr, Re content is too high, has increased the cost of steel.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is primarily aimed at the control problem that contains manganese steel chemical ingredients of the definite and steel of effective manganese content in smelting process, a kind of manganese steel and preparation method thereof that contains is provided, manganese steel provided by the invention has high-hardenability, better fatigue resistance, high-strong toughness, wear resistance and excellent comprehensive performance, belongs to structural alloy steel.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of manganese steel 40Mn2 steel that contains, chemical component weight per-cent is as follows:
C 0.37～0.44, Si0.17～0.37, and Mn1.30～1.70, P≤0.030, S≤0.030, Cr≤0.20, Cu≤0.20, Ni≤0.30, Mo≤0.30 remains and is Fe and trace impurity.
Further preferred, the chemical component weight per-cent % that the present invention contains manganese steel 40Mn2 steel is:
C 0.39～0.42, and Si 0.17～0.37, and Mn 1.30～1.60, P≤0.030, and S≤0.030, Cr 0.09～0.15, Cu≤0.20, Ni≤0.30, Mo≤0.30 remains and is Fe and trace impurity.
The present invention contains the preparation method of manganese steel, comprises that electrosmelting, external refining, continuous-casting of steel billet, semi-tandem rolling are rolling, it is characterized in that, the chemical component weight per-cent of steel is: C 0.39～0.42, Si 0.17～0.37, and Mn 1.30～1.60, P≤0.030, S≤0.030, Cr 0.09～0.15, Cu≤0.20, Ni≤0.30, Mo≤0.30 remains and is Fe and trace impurity.The degassing of external refining final vacuum is handled, and makes nitrogen in steel content be not more than 80 * 10
-6, oxygen level is not more than 20 * 10
-6Strand is 1130～1220 ℃ in the soaking temperature of process furnace, and heating and High temperature diffusion time are 4～12h, and 850～1000 ℃ of finishing temperatures are rolled the back slow cooling; Make the round steel of specification Φ 30～150mm.
The preparation method of above-mentioned 40Mn2 steel, preferred processing condition are as follows:
1. before the electrosmelting, weight of molten iron accounts for 50～60% of raw material weight in the feed stock for blast furnace.Do not allow to add high phosphorus, sulphur steel scraps such as slag steel, jar group's iron when noting batching.
2. electric furnace melts clear one-tenth partial objectives for: molten clear carbon 〉=0.30%, molten clear phosphorus≤0.020%, the requirement of residual element content conformance with standard.Fine melt analysis temperature 〉=1540 ℃.
3. electrosmelting terminal point control: [C] 〉=0.10%, P≤0.012%, the requirement of residual element content conformance with standard.
4. during electric furnace steel tapping, adopt alloying and pre-deoxidation in the bag, pre-deoxidation adds steel core aluminium amount 2.0～2.2kg/t steel in the ladle, and end point carbon is lower than at 0.15% o'clock, adds by the upper limit.Tapping process and tapping back keep ladle to blow Ar continuously.
5. external refining is to carry out refining at the LF ladle refining furnace, after fully stirring under white slag in the refining process, gets a sample total analysis, get sample before, feeding aluminum steel 1.2～1.5m/ ton steel, refining process keeps white slag.According to a sample analytical results, adjust C, Si, Mn, Cr chemical ingredients by internally controlling requirement, feeding silicon-calcium wire ∮ 13mm.
6. molten steel is gone into preceding the skimming of vacuum degassing refining furnace (being called for short VD), and vacuum tightness was less than 12～15 minutes 67Pa hold-times.Broken empty back feeds aluminum steel 1.0～1.2m/t steel earlier at the VD station, and then little argon gas amount stirs (keeping top of the slag fine motion) 1～2 minute, sampling total analysis.8～14 minutes soft blow Ar time.Pay special attention to, must not expose molten steel, argon gas amount stirring cooling greatly during soft blow Ar.
7. in the continuous-casting of steel billet operation, 1100～1120 ℃ of continuous casting tundish storing temperatures; Deoxidation operation when controlling tapping well and pushing off the slag operation prevent ladle roughing slag; Use the large vol tundish, inclusion is fully floated; Crystallizer meets the requirements to arc, mouth of a river centering, and nozzle atomization is respond well; The full guard cast prevents secondary oxidation; Adopt continuous cast mold steel alloy privacy protection slag, high-quality refractory materials; It is clean that ladle and tundish are wanted.Tundish liquid level 700 ± 50mm, liquid level fluctuation of crystallizer≤± 2mm.Pulling rate control: the strand pulling rate of 180mm * 220mm is 1.0～1.3m/min, and best pulling rate should be controlled at about 1.1m/min; The strand pulling rate of 260mm * 300mm is 0.5～0.8m/min, and best pulling rate should be controlled at about 0.7m/min.Want rationally the induction stirring position, induction stirring strength of current 300A and frequency 5HZ.
8. strand slow cooling: notice that continuously cast bloom can not stop at cold bed, must in time go into to cheat the housing slow cooling, before burial pit uses, earlier with other hot base baking at least 4 hours, 24-30 hour slow cooling time.
9. in the semi-tandem rolling rolling process, Heating temperature when rolling: 1130～1220 ℃, allow the temperature difference≤40 ℃, should guarantee the steel billet homogeneous heating 2.5-3 hour heat-up time, prevent decarburization and sticking stove again; Start rolling temperature; 850 ℃～900 ℃ of preferred finishing temperatures; Roll the back and in time collect finished product and slow cooling.
Contain manganese steel with prior art and compare, the characteristics of technical solution of the present invention are:
(1) chemical ingredients of the strict control of steel of the present invention steel, hardening capacity, fatigue resistance, high-strong toughness, wear resistance and the over-all properties of assurance steel make this steel be suitable for making important engineering machinery part.
(2) handle through electrosmelting-external refining, vacuum outgas, easy oxidation element add-on of control and addition sequence in this process, the adding method, the joining day guarantees that chemical Composition Control meets the requirements.
(3) use the large vol tundish, the full guard cast prevents secondary oxidation of steel; The low overheat cast prevents the too fast growth of column crystal, increases the strand equiax crystal, and induction stirring alleviates center porosity and segregation; Stably manufactured rhythm makes the pulling rate substantially constant; Rectangular casting blank is selected wind sheltering buttress position stacking slow cooling; Tundish will toast, and guarantees storing temperature 〉=1100 ℃.
(4) rolling and finishing, strict control Heating temperature and rolling temperature guarantee steel homogeneous microstructure, densification, guide and guard, roller-way are conscientiously checked before rolling; According to sinuousness control situation, carry out straightening processing, guarantee the requirement of stocking planeness.The end sawing is neat, and reconditioning is also eliminated the shape of a hoof, overlap, burr and influence is used cuts tiltedly and phenomenons such as flattening.
The smelting of steel; the deoxidation of strengthening steel is degassed to wait to smelt and is controlled; the molten steel cast, die casting or continuous casting, control superheating temperature, pouring speed or casting speed; adopt continuous cast mold steel alloy privacy protection slag; high-quality refractory materials, according to the coagulating property of steel, water allocation model reasonable in design (setting water allocation model) induction stirring strength of current and frequency according to pulling rate; improve continuous casting billet quality, guarantee ingot quality.
The manganese steel that contains of the present invention is suitable for manufacturing engineering machinery wheel body part.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but be not limited thereto.
Embodiment: contain manganese steel 40Mn2 steel
1, the chemical component weight per-cent of steel is:
C 0.39～0.42, Si0.17～0.37, and Mn 1.30～1.60, P≤0.030, S≤0.030, Cr 0.09～0.15, Cu≤0.20, Ni≤0.30, Mo≤0.30; Surplus is Fe and trace impurity.
2, operational path is:
Batching → electrosmelting → eccentric bottom tapping → LF stove deoxidation alloying → rolling the becoming a useful person of the vacuum refining furnace degassing → billet caster whole process protection casting → semi-tandem rolling → check warehouse-in.
3, preparation method's main technique condition
(1) goes into that the molten iron proportioning reaches 50～60% in the stove iron and steel stock structure; Do not allow to add high phosphorus, sulphur steel scraps such as slag steel, jar group's iron during batching.
(2) the molten clear one-tenth partial objectives for of electric furnace: molten clear carbon 〉=0.30%, molten clear phosphorus≤0.020%, the requirement of residual element content conformance with standard.
(3) smelting process has been made foamy slag, evenly decarburization, reduces and inhales nitrogen.
(4) fine melt analysis temperature 〉=1540 ℃.
(5) electrosmelting terminal point control [C] 〉=0.10%, P≤0.012%, the requirement of residual element content conformance with standard.1685～1743 ℃ of tapping temperatures.
(6) alloying and pre-deoxidation in the bag, vanadium iron adds at refining furnace.Pre-deoxidation adds steel core aluminium amount 2.0～2.2kg/t steel in the ladle, and end point carbon is lower than at 0.15% o'clock, adds by the upper limit.Electric furnace steel tapping process and tapping back keep ladle to blow Ar continuously.
(7) LF ladle refining furnace refining process after fully stirring, is got a sample total analysis under white slag, get sample before, feeding aluminum steel 1.2～1.5m/ ton steel, refining process keeps white slag.According to a sample analytical results, adjust C, Si, Mn Cr chemical ingredients by internally controlling requirement.By 2.0～2.2m/t steel, feed silicon-calcium wire (∮ 13mm) before the tapping.
(8) go into preceding the skimming of vacuum degassing refining furnace (being called for short VD), vacuum tightness was less than 14 minutes 67Pa hold-times.Broken empty back feeds aluminum steel 1.0～1.2m/t steel earlier at the VD station, feeds titanium wire 2～3m/t steel again, and then little argon gas amount stirs (top of the slag fine motion) 1～2 minute, the sampling total analysis.Soft blow Ar time 〉=8 minute forbid the exposed top of the slag and big argon gas to stir cooling during soft blow Ar.VD handles the back and goes up the steel temperature: the steel temperature is 1540～1580 ℃ on continuous casting first stove, and the steel temperature is 1565～1575 ℃ on all the other heats.
(9) continuous casting tundish storing temperature is 1100～1120 ℃; Crystallizer meets the requirements to arc, mouth of a river centering, and nozzle atomization is respond well; Alloy steel continuous casting crystallizer privacy protection slag is adopted in the full guard cast.Tundish liquid level 700 ± 50mm, crystallizer stirring parameter 150A/3.0Hz, liquid level fluctuation of crystallizer≤± 2mm.Middle bag superheating temperature is pressed 20～30 ℃ of controls, middle bag first furnace temperature: 1527～1537 ℃, and 1517～1527 ℃ later in second stove.Strand advances 920 ℃ of straightening machine temperature, and pulling rate is controlled with reference to table 1.
Table 1 continuous casting pulling rate
| Specifications section (mm * mm) | Superheating temperature | Pulling rate (m/min) | Superheating temperature | Pulling rate (m/min) | Superheating temperature | Pulling rate (m/min) |
| 260×300 | ＜20℃ | 0.70 | 20～25℃ | 0.65 | ＞25℃ | 0.690 |
| 180×220 | ＜20℃ | 1.2 | 20～25℃ | 1.1 | ＞25℃ | 1.09 |
(10) strand slow cooling
Continuously cast bloom must not stop at cold bed, in time goes into to cheat the housing slow cooling, before burial pit uses, toasts more than 4 hours 25 hours slow cooling time earlier with other hot base.
Heating temperature when (11) rolling: 1130～1220 ℃, allow the temperature difference≤40 ℃, heat-up time 〉=2.5 hour should guarantee the steel billet homogeneous heating, prevent decarburization and sticking stove again; Start rolling temperature 〉=1080 ℃; Reinforcement is to the control of rolling rhythm, guarantees finishing temperature 〉=850 ℃; Roll the back and in time collect slow cooling.
The chemical ingredients and the performance data table of 1#～4# test steel of pressing present embodiment method preparation is as follows:
Table 2, test steel chemical composition table (weight %)
Table 3, test steel hardenability (HRC) parameter list
Table 4, steel mechanical performance parameter table
| Yield-point (MPa) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation after fracture (%) | Relative reduction in area (%) | Impact absorbing energy (J) | |
| 1# | 805 | 920 | 14 | 51 | 98 |
| 2# | 890 | 1010 | 15 | 52 | 110 |
| 3# | 890 | 1010 | 14 | 47 | 102 |
| 4# | 920 | 1050 | 13 | 47 | 108 |
Claims (9)
1, a kind of manganese steel that contains is characterized in that the chemical component weight per-cent % of steel is:
C 0.37～0.44, and Si 0.17～0.37, and Mn 1.30～1.70, P≤0.030, and S≤0.030, Cr≤0.20, Cu≤0.20, Ni≤0.30, Mo≤0.30 remains and is Fe and trace impurity.
2, the manganese steel that contains as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the chemical component weight per-cent % of steel is:
C 0.39～0.42, and Si 0.17～0.37, and Mn 1.30～1.60, P≤0.030, and S≤0.030, Cr 0.09～0.15, Cu≤0.20, Ni≤0.30, Mo≤0.30 remains and is Fe and trace impurity.
3, a kind of preparation method who contains manganese steel comprises that electrosmelting, external refining, continuous-casting of steel billet, semi-tandem rolling are rolling, it is characterized in that, the chemical component weight per-cent % of steel is: C 0.39～0.42, Si 0.17～0.37, and Mn 1.30～1.60, P≤0.030, S≤0.030, Cr 0.09～0.15, Cu≤0.20, Ni≤0.30, Mo≤0.30 remains and is Fe and trace impurity; Make nitrogen in steel content be not more than 80 * 10 in external refining final vacuum degassing processing
-6, oxygen level is not more than 15 * 10
-6Strand is 1130～1200 ℃ in the soaking temperature of process furnace, and heating and High temperature diffusion time are 4～12h, 1080 ℃～1150 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 850～1000 ℃ of finishing temperatures, roll the round steel of specification Φ 30～130mm.
4, the preparation method who contains manganese steel as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that before the electrosmelting that the weight of molten iron and the pig iron accounts for 50～60% of raw material weight in the feed stock for blast furnace.
5, the preparation method who contains manganese steel as claimed in claim 3 when it is characterized in that electric furnace steel tapping, adopts alloying and pre-deoxidation in the bag, and pre-deoxidation adds steel core aluminium amount 2.0～2.2kg/t steel in the ladle.
6, the preparation method who contains manganese steel as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that feeding silicon-calcium wire ∮ 13mm by 2.0～2.2m/t steel before the refining furnace tapping; Acid-soluble aluminum content is 0.030～0.050% in the preceding control of the tapping steel.
7, the preparation method who contains manganese steel as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that skimming before molten steel is gone into vacuum degassing refining furnace, and vacuum tightness was less than 67Pa hold-time 12-15 minute; Stirred 1～2 minute with the little argon gas amount that keeps top of the slag fine motion broken empty back, back sampling total analysis.
8, the preparation method who contains manganese steel as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that casting process adopts the whole process protection cast, and middle bag liquid level is stabilized in 700 ± 50mm.
9, the preparation method who contains manganese steel as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that Heating temperature when rolling: 1130～1200 ℃, allow the temperature difference≤30 ℃, and 2.5-3 hour heat-up time, roll the back and in time collect slow cooling.
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| CN109261919A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-25 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Improve the method for medium high carbon CrMo series alloy structural steel sheared edge crackle |
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| CN110512140A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-29 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of engineering machinery wheel steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN113025783A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-25 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Method for producing low-carbon steel by VD refining light decarbonization process |
| CN113652604A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-11-16 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Preparation method of high-hardenability hot-rolled round steel for engineering machinery |
| CN114959473A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-30 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Steel for thrust wheel of bulldozer and production method thereof |
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