CN101305774B - Cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period - Google Patents
Cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite nutrition supplement for cows in the perinatal period. The composite nutrition supplement comprises pre-mixer materials by weight parts: 0.5-1 part of rumen-protected vitamin E, 0.2-0.3 part of rumen-protected Beta-carotin, 5-6 parts of rumen-protected nicotinic acid, 0.015-0.02 part of rumen-protected biotin, 3-4 parts of rumen-protected choline, 0.35-0.45 parts of zinc lysinate, 50-60 parts of glycoxydase preparation and 100 parts of brown sand sugar in appropriate amount. The composite nutrition supplement has the functions of improving milk cow immunity, protecting liver and kidney functions, preventing puerperal diseases of milk cows, improving the reproductive performance, shortening the intercalving interval, promoting metabolism, increasing milk yield, etc. The result of a contrast test of thousands of cow in two years shows that the composite nutrition supplement is safe and reliable, and has remarkable effect and more ideal cost accounting.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of feed of suitable milk cattle fooder, specifically a kind of have improve the milk cow immunity of organisms, protect the liver, prevent postpartum disease, improve reproductive performance, increase the compound nutritional feed of function such as milk yield.
[background technology]
Cow in perinatal period (TransitionPeriod) is meant (2 week) before the cow birth and divides a period of time in puerperium (2-3 week) that it comprises latter half of gestation and lactation initial stage, and it is milk bovine lactation cycle and even the most key in life stage.Perinatal milk cow experience want all many-sides such as nutrition, physiology and metabolism greatly stress, need to regulate self glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and mineral metabolism to adapt to the needs of lactation.Abroad, over nearly 15 years, perinatal period cow nutrition and the physiology problem that become scientific research personnel further investigation, existing scholar perinatal period milk cow physiology call " last research frontier " (Drackley, 1999).And existing studies confirm that in a large number the many common diseases of milk cow perinatal period all are mutually related, and all with nutrition perinatal period closely related (Curtis, 1983,1985).If various nutrition can not rationally be provided; the incidence of cow disease and dead mortality all are in higher level; not only might make milk cow suffer from many metabolic diseases; and the Abwehrkraft des Koepers that stress cause decline, also may make milk cow susceptible communicable disease (as mammitis, endometritis etc.).Studies show that: take effective nutrition regulation measure prevention perinatal period disease, can make the incidence of disease of whole lactation period of disease will reduce by 90% (Goff, 1997), the whole lactational output of milk also will have significantly and improve.So aspect milk cow production, want to reach high yield and stable yields, obtain maximum economic profit, the raising regulation and control success or not of cow in perinatal period is crucial.
Along with raising is produced and limited in the milk cow intensification, also corresponding increase of the disease of milk cow and complexity, especially in perinatal period eclampsia, puerperal fever, udder edema, low calcium paralysis, do not play the metabolic illness incidences of disease such as syndrome, retention of afterbirth, lochiorrhagia, abomasum displacement, hysteritis, ketoacidosis, hemoglobinuria with crouching and obviously rise, and then the milk cow death rate increases, cause that the output of milk descends, joins infertile, the postponement of oestrusing repeatly, the economic loss that causes thus is unable to estimate.People always place hope on the treatment of clinical disease ox for a long time, and actual cure rate is low, treatment expense height, and loss is apparent, ignores the generation that science feeding and management and rational allocation nutrition prevented and reduced illness fully.
At present, China's dairy cow nutrition control technique research also keeps up with, and key can not effectively be promoted.Owing to be subjected to the restriction of many objective condition, the regulation and control of cow concentrated feed nutrition rest on energy, albumen, fat, ash and grade on the thick index, do not refine to the level of each seed amino acid, mineral matter element, vitamin.Being that the more necessary nutriments of cow in perinatal period can not be met on the one hand, is that single nourishing additive agent is various in style on the other hand, and the raising dairy cattle person is at a loss as to what to do.Under China's milk cow reality raising situation, fully analyze cow in perinatal period nutritional need and shortage situation, develop a kind of compound cow in perinatal period feed nutrition regulation and control pre-mixing agent and be very important.
[summary of the invention]
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is exactly according to China's dairy cow nutrition situation; at the generally shortage of cow in perinatal period nutritional factors, provide a kind of have improve the milk cow immunity of organisms, protect the liver, prevent postpartum disease, improve reproductive performance, increase the cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period of function such as milk yield.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period is made of the pre-mixing agent raw material of following composition by weight:
Rumen bypass vitamin E:0.5-1 part, cross the cud beta carotene: 0.2-0.3 part, cross cud nicotinic acid 5-6 part, cross the cud biotin: 0.015-0.02 part, cross the cud choline: 3-4 part, lysine-zn 0.35-0.45 part, glucose oxidase preparation: 50-60 part, brown sugar add 100 parts in right amount to.
This perinatal period the compound nutritional pre-mixing agent, adopt following composition by weight better effects if:
Rumen bypass vitamin E:0.6-1 part, cross the cud beta carotene: 0.25-0.3 part, cross cud nicotinic acid 5.2-5.8 part, cross the cud biotin: 0.016-0.02 part, cross the cud choline: 3.5-4 part, lysine-zn 0.4-0.45 part, glucose oxidase preparation: 52-58 part, brown sugar add 100 parts in right amount to.
A kind of cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period, form by the raw material of following composition by weight:
Rumen bypass vitamin E:0.5 part, cross the cud beta carotene: 0.3 part, cross cud nicotinic acid: 6 parts, cross the cud biotin: cross the cud choline for 0.02 part: 3 parts, lysine-zn: 0.45 part, glucose oxidase preparation: 50 parts, brown sugar: 39.73 parts.
A kind of cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period, form by the raw material of following composition by weight:
Rumen bypass vitamin E:0.8 part, cross the cud beta carotene: 0.25 part, cross cud nicotinic acid: 5.5 parts, cross the cud biotin: 0.018 part, cross the cud choline: 4 parts, lysine-zn: 0.4, glucose oxidase preparation: 60 parts, brown sugar: 29.032 parts.
A kind of cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period, form by the raw material of following composition by weight:
Rumen bypass vitamin E:1 part, cross the cud beta carotene: 0.2 part, cross cud nicotinic acid: 5 parts, cross the cud biotin: 0.015 part, cross the cud choline: 3.5 parts, lysine-zn: 0.43 part, glucose oxidase preparation: 55 parts, brown sugar: 34.855 parts.
After above-mentioned each raw material carries out quality restriction, respectively by formulation weight weigh, pulverize, sieve, mixing, weigh, after the packing, packing, make finished product by metering then.
In the nutrition regulation pre-mixing agent each component of the present invention:
Vitamin E has the cell antioxidation.Preceding 30 days of the phase of giving milk replenishing vitamins E can strengthen the ability of blood neutrocyte kill pathogenic bacteria, can reduce the incidence of breeding imbalance (the most outstanding is retention of afterbirth) and mammitis.
Beta carotene can be removed peroxide and free radical and singlet oxygen, and the protection immunocyte is not subjected to peroxide injury, can improve the phagocytic activity of neutrocyte, reduces the incidence of disease of mastitis.In latter two month of milk cow gestation with divide puerperium,, may cause that bad, the infertile and output of milk of retention of afterbirth, postpartum uterine involution descends if lack beta carotene in the daily ration.Some research thinks that vitamin A can not replace beta carotene, is guaranteed and during the beta carotene undersupply reproductive capability generation obstacle of milk cow at vitamin A.
Fine fodder ratio increase in the raising of nicotinic acid milk production of cow, the daily ration, feed process all can cause milk cow to lack nicotinic acid (Yang Zhaojun, 1997) to the factors such as destruction of nicotinic acid in the feed.Give Chemiller (1986), Jaster and Ward (1990) every day to be in the early stage milk cow supplementary feeding 6g nicotinic acid of lactation, the output of milk increases by 4%～6%.Give the oral nicotinic acid of milk cow suffer from clinical or subclinical ketosis every day, can reduce the concentration of non-esterified fatty acid and ketone in the blood plasma, concentration of glucose in the increase blood plasma, and make these metabolite concentrations maintain normal level (Fronk and Schultz, 1979).
(1996b) such as biotin Bonomi was at lactational preceding 5 months; protect or unprotected biotin for Fu Lisi milk cow supplementary feeding every day 2,6 or 10mg with fatty sorrel microencapsulation; the biotin of supplementary feeding 6 or 10mg protection as a result; all reduced the incidence of common disorder than control group; milk yield improves 9.0%～4.65%; dairy fat content improves 7.44%～3.3%, and content of milk protein improves 6.44%～4.3%.
The choline ruminant has the ability to synthesize choline, but when intensive farm, choline is the restricted nutrient in the dairy cow diet.Choline may play lipotropic effect to high yield cow.Lewis etc. give and suffer from postpartum paralysis or the oral Choline Chloride of ketonemia milk cow, can obviously recover and improve the liver fat metabolism.
Lysine-zn is the important component of plurality of enzymes, epithelial tissue, ribose, can improve immunity function, improves the output of milk, prevents mammitis, foot rot.
The glucose oxidase preparation main component is β-D-glucose oxidoreductase; prothetic group is a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD); its effect is a catalytic specie redox reaction in the cellular respiration metabolism; has the multiple physiological effect intestinal health that watches for animals; promote animal metabolism; prevent and treat the feed infringement animal body that goes mouldy, the protection hepatic and renal function has no side effect.
The beneficial effect that the present invention can reach is:
1, the present invention has the milk cow of raising immunity of organisms, protection hepatic and renal function, can prevent ketoacidosis, puerperal fever, ground for sleeping in not to play postpartum diseases such as syndrome, mammitis, retention of afterbirth, hysteritis, lochiorrhagia, abomasum displacement; Have the reproductive performance of improvement, shorten the function in calving interval; Have the promotion metabolism, increase functions such as milk yield.
2, the present invention fully takes into account the ruminant digestive characteristic, all adopts rumen-protected vitamin to make raw material, and feeding effect is certain.
3, the present invention proceeds from the reality, and recipe ingredient all is the nutriment that generally lacks in the existing milk cow forage, conflicts with conventional feed is nonnutritive.Be of value to milk cow health, have the meaning of positive popularization.
4, perinatal period of the present invention, the compound nutritional pre-mixing agent was through the contrast test of over thousands of cow head over the past two years, and safe and reliable, effect is remarkable, and cost accounting is more satisfactory.
The feeding experiment material:
1 materials and methods
1.1, test material
1.1.1, product of the present invention
1.1.2, the test milk cow: the test carry out in Henan Huahuaniu Dairy Cattle Breeding Science and Technology Co., Ltd. cattle farm, kind is china holstein cows 2 tires above perinatal period of milk cows, totally 46, wherein 2 tires are 16,12 on 3 tires, 10 on 4 tires, 8 on 5 tires.The test ox is divided into experimental group and control group, 23 every group by parity, the identical or close pair principle of the output of milk in early stage.A last parity milk cow annual output of milk experimental group 8454kg, control group 8533kg.
1.2, the test daily ration forms: test group and control group adopt same feeding and management method.Daily ration consists of fine fodder (corn 52.7%, wheat bran 8%, dregs of beans 7%, cotton dregs 9%, peanut meal 9%, corn DDGS 8%, premix 7115A 6%), and coarse fodder is corn silage, sheep's hay, the beans stalks of rice, wheat, etc., clover etc.
1.3, test method: according to milk cow breeding record, be divided into test group and two processing of control group immediately entering the expected date of childbirth preceding 15 longicorns.Control group is fed according to a conventional method, test group is except that taking same method feeds with control group, from antenatal 15 days to 35 days postpartum, every day, every cow head was taken this preparation 100g, every this preparation of 100g is a package metro-measuring, divides every day and feeds to compound nutritional pre-mixing agent perinatal period for 2 times.All are for the fine fodder 4-8kg of giving milk of autogamy in examination milk cow feed barns, adjust corn silage quantitative feeding 20kg/ days, roughage (sheep's hay, the beans stalks of rice, wheat, etc., clover) free choice feeding according to the raising stage and the output of milk.
1.4, the production performance record: the output of milk of measuring and write down every cow head in during 120 days postpartum; The observed and recorded breeding situation of oestrusing of milk cow of participating in the experiment in during 120 days postpartum, whether gestation is as the criterion with the examination per rectum in back 60 days of breeding.
1.5, disease surveillance and record: the same day was monitored the retention of afterbirth incidence in childbirth, and definition afterbirth not discharge person in 12-24 hour is a retention of afterbirth.Adopt ketone powder method to detect ketosis of dairy cows, adopt CMT-Test reagent to detect mammitis.
1.6, statistical analysis handles initial data with EXCEL software, uses SAS[11 then] method carries out variance analysis.
1.7, the test period experimental period begins from April 10th, 2007, November 6 in 2007, end of day lasted 228 days.Need to prove that 23 pairs is not to enter test simultaneously for the examination milk cow, enters test but match successively, so experimental period elongates.
2, result of the test
2.1, output of milk test results test group and control group relatively, head day increases by 1.77 kilograms of the outputs of milk, improves 4.6%, t checks significant difference (P＜0.1).
Show the 1:120 days results of property of giving milk
| Number (head) | The fate of giving milk | Total output of milk (kg) | The average output of milk (kg/ days. head) | |
| Control group | 23 | 120 | 106094 | 38.44±5.16 |
| Test group | 23 | 120 | 110980 | 40.21±5.92 |
| Handle difference b | +1.77 |
2.2, postpartum the result of the test of being impregnated
The breeding situation of milk cow of participating in the experiment in during 120 days is, test group conception rate 78.3% (18/23), and control group conception rate 60.9% (14/23), conception rate improves 17.4%.T checks significant difference (P＜0.05).
2.3, to prevention postpartum disease result of the test
2.3.1, retention of afterbirth: the test group retention of afterbirth incidence of disease 8.7% (2/23), the control group retention of afterbirth incidence of disease 34.5% (15/23), the retention of afterbirth incidence of disease reduces by 25.8% (P＜0.05), and the have positive effect of anion salt additive to the prevention retention of afterbirth of feeding is described.
2.3.2, ketoacidosis: the control group ketoacidosis incidence of disease is 47.8% (11/23), and wherein clinical type accounts for 8.7% (2/23), recessiveness accounts for 39.1% (9/23).The test group ketoacidosis incidence of disease is 8.7% (5/23), and wherein clinical type is that zero (0/23), recessiveness account for 8.7% (2/23).The ketoacidosis incidence of disease reduces by 39.1% (P＜0.05).
2.3.3, mammitis: the control group mammitis incidence of disease is 57.1% (14/23), and wherein clinical type accounts for 13.0% (3/23), recessiveness accounts for 47.8% (11/23).The test group mammitis incidence of disease is 21.7% (5/23), and wherein clinical type accounts for 4.3% (1/23), recessiveness accounts for 17.4% (4/23).The mammitis incidence of disease reduces by 25.8% (P＜0.05).
Table 2: prevention postpartum disease result of the test
3 conclusions
Compound nutritional pre-mixing agent of the present invention can remedy the deficiency of necessary nutrition in the cow in perinatal period feed effectively.Reflect that according to the poultry raiser feeding experiment group milk cow roughage food-intake increases, eupepsia, ight soil have obvious change, no graininess, and good bloom, limb hoof stalwartness, the postpartum disease incidence of disease reduces greatly, and milk production of cow improves significantly.
Economic benefit is also very worthwhile, feed product of the present invention 50 days of every head circumference milk cow in term, feeding cost increases by 150 yuan, only preceding 120 days of lactation period the average 212kg of giving milk that increases, increase income 450 yuan, can increase by 300 yuan/head of profit; Because the postpartum disease incidence of disease reduces, medical expense significantly reduces.
[specific embodiment]
Embodiment 1: this cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period, form by the raw material of following composition by weight:
50% rumen bypass vitamin E dry powder: 1g, 10% crosses cud beta carotene: 2g, crosses cud nicotinic acid 5g, crosses cud biotin 15mg, crosses cud choline 3g, 10% lysine-zn 3.5g, glucose oxidase preparation 50g, brown sugar 35.485g.After each raw material carries out quality restriction, respectively by formulation weight weigh, pulverize, sieve, mixing, then by metering (100g/ bag) weigh, packing, packing.From antenatal 15 days to 35 days postpartum, divide every day and feed for 2 times to compound nutritional pre-mixing agent 100g perinatal period, directly admix cow concentrate.
Embodiment 2: this cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period, form by the raw material of following composition by weight:
50% rumen bypass vitamin E dry powder 1.6g, 10% crosses cud beta carotene 2.5g, crosses cud nicotinic acid 5.5g, crosses cud biotin 18mg, crosses cud choline 3.5g, 10% lysine-zn 4g, glucose oxidase preparation 55g, brown sugar 27.882g.After each raw material carries out quality restriction, respectively by formulation weight weigh, pulverize, sieve, mixing, then by metering (100g/ bag) weigh, packing, packing.From antenatal 15 days to 35 days postpartum, divide every day and feed for 2 times to compound nutritional pre-mixing agent 100g perinatal period, directly admix cow concentrate.
Embodiment 3: this cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period, form by the raw material of following composition by weight:
50% rumen bypass vitamin E dry powder 2g, 10% crosses cud beta carotene 3g, crosses cud nicotinic acid 6g, crosses cud biotin 20mg, crosses cud choline 4g, 10% lysine-zn 4.5g, glucose oxidase preparation 60g, brown sugar 20.48g.After each raw material carries out quality restriction, respectively by formulation weight weigh, pulverize, sieve, mixing, then by metering (100g/ bag) weigh, packing, packing.From antenatal 15 days to 35 days postpartum, divide every day and feed for 2 times to compound nutritional pre-mixing agent 100g perinatal period, directly admix cow concentrate.
Claims (5)
1. cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period is characterized in that being made of the pre-mixing agent raw material of following composition by weight:
Rumen bypass vitamin E:0.5-1 part, cross the cud beta carotene: 0.2-0.3 part, cross cud nicotinic acid 5-6 part, cross the cud biotin: 0.015-0.02 part, cross the cud choline: 3-4 part, lysine-zn: 0.35-0.45 part, glucose oxidase preparation: 50-60 part, brown sugar add 100 parts in right amount to.
2. cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that adopting following composition by weight better effects if:
Rumen bypass vitamin E:0.6-1 part, cross the cud beta carotene: 0.25-0.3 part, cross cud nicotinic acid: 5.2-5.8 part, cross the cud biotin: 0.016-0.02 part, cross the cud choline: 3.5-4 part, lysine-zn 0.4-0.45 part, glucose oxidase preparation: 52-58 part, brown sugar add 100 parts in right amount to.
3. cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that being made up of the raw material of following composition by weight:
Rumen bypass vitamin E:0.5 part, cross the cud beta carotene: 0.2 part, cross cud nicotinic acid: 5 parts, cross the cud biotin: 0.015 part, cross the cud choline: 3 parts, lysine-zn: 0.35 part, glucose oxidase preparation: 50 parts, brown sugar: 40.935 parts.
4. cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that being made up of the raw material of following composition by weight:
Rumen bypass vitamin E:0.8 part, cross the cud beta carotene: 0.25 part, cross cud nicotinic acid: 5.5 parts, cross the cud biotin: 0.018 part, cross the cud choline: 3.5 parts, lysine-zn: 0.4, glucose oxidase preparation: 55 parts, brown sugar: 34.532 parts.
5. cow compound nutritional supplement at perinatal period is characterized in that being made up of the raw material of following composition by weight:
Rumen bypass vitamin E:1 part, cross the cud beta carotene: 0.3 part, cross cud nicotinic acid: 6 parts, cross the cud biotin: 0.002 part, cross the cud choline: 4 parts, lysine-zn: 0.45 part, glucose oxidase preparation: 60 parts, brown sugar: 28.248 parts.
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| CN102144727B (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2013-04-03 | 保定冀中药业有限公司 | Functional liquid vitamin premix and preparation method thereof |
| CN102696889A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2012-10-03 | 上海延华生物科技有限公司 | Drinking mixed feed after cow calving |
| CN102499323B (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-06-12 | 陕西华秦农牧科技有限公司 | Concentrate supplement feed for promoting oestrus and ovulation of postpartum cows on basis of nutrition method |
| CN102640868B (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2014-01-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A feeding method of adding feed to dairy cows during the perinatal period |
| CN104664108A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-03 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | Concentrated cow feed |
| CN104000038B (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2016-01-20 | 北京东方联鸣科技发展有限公司 | A kind of glucose precursor thing and application thereof improving cow rumen flora |
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| CN105685464A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | A dairy cattle feed additive and a breeding method for dairy cattle in an early perinatal period |
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