CN101305567B - In wireless network, the position of mobile site determines - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of network and a kind of method operating network.Described network includes multiple website, and each website can transmit and receive data, thus described network can transmit data between sites by intermediate stations selected by least one.Detectable signal is transmitted to other website by each website with broadcast mode, to collect adjacent sites list.In website at least some in detectable signal, transmission location data and/or position determine data.Position data includes the data of the absolute or relative position of the website of instruction transmission detectable signal, and to determine that data include receiving that the website of detectable signal is used, for determining the data of the absolute of this website and/or other website or relative position in described position.Each website keeps the position data that receives from selected detection site and/or position to determine data, and utilizes the data to determine the absolute of described website and/or other website or relative position.Described website may determine that other websites of directly communicate with it relatively or absolute position, and not directly communicate with it other websites relatively or absolute position.

Description

In wireless network, the position of mobile site determines

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method for positioning in a communication network and determine wireless mobile website position.For this The purpose of description, can be referred to as this communication network opportunity driven multiple access and access (ODMA) network.

Background technology

The determination of position is useful for service provider in the subscriber's offer service based on location to communication network 's.These services include, such as, it is provided that steering direction instruction, car tracing, relevant range information and useful application；Also simultaneously Subscriber's classification is realized for various purposes and bill differentiation.

Additionally, global various administrative organization needs the service provider of wireless telephony network to allow for location now Wireless telephonic user, in order to urgent call processes.

These regulatory requirement must determine the position of this user in the predetermined distance range of the actual physical location of user Put.Such as, in the U.S., Federal Communications Committee discloses wireless enhancing 911 (E911) rule, and this rule requires service provider Allow for, in 125 meters of user's actual physical location, the network of this provider server positioning at least radio telephone At least the three of user/bis-.

Network alignment system or alignment system based on website is generally used to determine wireless site in network Position.Typically, network alignment system uses and relates to wireless site and fixed location base stations or access point (as wireless COM1 between website and network) between the technology of signal triangulation (triangulation).Based on website it is The global positioning system in system in conjunction with other technology, such as can be implemented in the wireless device of website or being used in combination with this equipment System (GPS) receiver.

Demand for service differentiation may increase relatively, and emergency regulation likely expands to except electricity Wireless device outside words.Thus, it is important that the accurate location of user site and location have become now in wireless network environment Feature.At present, owing to there is no fixing relation between VOIP equipment and geographical position, so not using location equipment and wireless In the case of unit, position some such as equipment under VOIP (voice technology based on Internet Protocol) environment more tired Difficult.Additionally, location technology is vulnerable to provide the restriction of the undetectable website arrived.

It is an object of the present invention to use not based on base station and the network method of access point, it is provided that with wireless mobile Putting relevant accurate, continuous print position and location information, wherein this wireless site includes that VOIP and other tradition are undetectable Equipment.

Summary of the invention

According to the present invention, it is provided that a kind of operation includes that the method for the network of multiple website, the most each website can pass Defeated and receive data, thus network can pass through at least one selected intermediate stations, transmits data, the method between sites Including:

From each station transmission detectable signal；

In at least some of detectable signal, transmission location data and/or position determine data, and this position data includes referring to Show the data of the absolute or relative position of the website of transmission detectable signal, and position determines that data include receiving detectable signal Website is spendable, for determining the data of the absolute of this website and/or other website or relative position；

At the website that one or more detection sites receive detectable signal, keep the selected detection from detection site Position data and/or position that website receives determine data；And

Keep described position data and/or position to determine data at each website, utilize described position data and/or position Put and determine that data are to determine the absolute of described each website and/or other website or relative position.

Position data and/or position in detectable signal determine that data can include the website of instruction transmission detectable signal The absolute position of selected neighbouring website or the data of relative position.

Position data and/or position determine other that data are determined for directly communicating with described each website Website and the relative or absolute position of other website the most directly communicated with described each website.

Can operate the method in a communication network, wherein, message can be passed through at least one from start site by website The intermediate stations randomly choosed is transferred to destination's website.

Alternatively, operate the method in a network, be mainly used in following the tracks of in a network or positioning website.

The method can be included at each website the channel selected for detectable signal is transferred to other website, in institute Selecting on channel, other website receiving detectable signal from detection site responds indirectly directly or through other website.

The method can be included in transfer clock data in detectable signal, and utilizes described clock data to determine detection Signal transmits the time used between sites, thus determines the distance between described website.

The method also includes that the clock making website in network synchronizes, by the renewal timing data in order to synchronize purpose from center Timing mechanism is transferred to other website.

In response to update timing data transmission (relative to this data received at website other previously or Transmission simultaneously) the cumulative error function that calculates of aspect, it may be determined that at any station point in office to described renewal timing data Accept or refusal, thus in the clock synchronization aspects high-caliber accuracy of holding of each website of network.

Position data can include the positional information indicating the position of the one or more websites reaching pre-determined accuracy.

Position data can include from equipped with the website of alignment system based on website or have known fixed location The absolute location information obtained at website.

Alternatively or additionally, position data can include the position indicating the one or more websites relative to other website Relative position information.

Station can be determined by the through-put power and/or the path loss data that utilize between website in the detectable signal of transmission The website of approximate distance between point, it is thus achieved that relative position information.

Alternatively or additionally, can determine by utilizing the timing data extracted in the detectable signal of transmission between slave site Site distance from website, it is thus achieved that relative position information.

Timing data can include the place being inserted response detectable signal by the website of the detectable signal received by response Reason delayed data, the instruction of this process delayed data processes the detection letter received at the website responding the detectable signal received Number time used.

The method can include being obtained the positional information indicating one or more site locations by triangulation.

The method may include that the website position being determined by other website relative to self absolute position previously determined Put, utilize the combination of absolute and relative positional information to determine the absolute position of other website, thus can not with there is absolute position These other websites that other website of confidence breath directly communicates can be determined indirectly the absolute position of himself.

The method can include providing multiple seed website, each seed website can determine or have absolute position number According to, the absolute position of described seed website has of a relatively high accuracy, and detectable signal is transferred to described kind by other website Substation point and receive detectable signal from described seed website, thus obtain absolute location information from described seed website and come really The absolute position of fixed described other website self, and additionally detectable signal is transferred to described other website, Yi Jicong by website Other website described receives detectable signal, thus obtains absolute location information from other website described, determines described other station The absolute position of point self.

Each website can select received detectable signal, and the detectable signal received according to these is determined comprising In distance measurement capability or the high-quality position of clock synchronization aspects or the degree of timing data, from the detectable signal received Middle extraction position or timing data.

Whether the method can include analyzing the detectable signal that received, determine to transmit during the optimal peak of chance and connect The detectable signal received.

The method can include measuring the path loss in these detectable signals received and/or multipath distortion, and Select there is low path loss and/or the detectable signal of low multipath distortion, therefrom to extract position or timing data.

Website can include, at their detectable signal, the data that the time span static to they holdings is relevant, receives Other website of detectable signal preferentially utilizes the position data of the website of the static maximum duration of self-sustaining and/or position to determine number According to.

Website can include to following one or more relevant assistance data at their detectable signal: in detection The quantity of the transmission jump between the website identified in signal and/or quality；The timing data that is included in detectable signal of instruction or Position data and/or position determine the lifetime data in the life-span (age) of data；With the one or more stations identified in detectable signal Described in the positional information that point is relevant or determined by class of accuracy；And indicate whether to send detectable signal at chance peak Qualitative data, other website receiving detectable signal is selectively depending on the assistance data that is included in received detectable signal Character, utilize position data therein and/or position to determine data.

Detectable signal can be transmitted on the sounding channel of central authority definition, therefore reduce interference and prevent signal Suppression or eavesdropping.

Website can keep going through of these other websites within the scheduled time after the connection that other website loses each other History position data, can retrieve described historical position data to determine the Last Known Location of the website losing connection therewith.

Website can utilize due to website between relative motion and the change of data or detection letter in the detectable signal that produces Number other characteristic, solve station-keeping data and/or position in detectable signal and determine the ambiguity of data.

Can according to determined by described website and/or the absolute or relative position of website near other, adjust network In from the character of available service of website or quality.

Such as, the method can include to website user provide with near determined by described site location equipment, The information that object or people or other website are correlated with.

In an embodiment of the method, the position relevant to the second website moved relative to the first website is needed to believe First website of breath can be directly or through one or more intermediate stations, with the selected increasing for providing positional information The increase speed of strong resolving power (resolution), is transferred to the second addressed website by gradient gathering probe signal.

Can be only when the first website need described positional information, just to increase gradient gathering probe letter described in speed rates Number.

Preferably, the described increase speed of gradient gathering probe signal transmission is at least more than its standard speed transmitted The order of magnitude.

Location request message can be transferred to by the first website needing the positional information relevant to another website in network The addressed position data keeping website in network and/or position determine the central authority of data；It is transferred to addressed One, one or more adjacent sites of requesting site, in order to onwards transmission is to other website；Or it is transmitted directly to addressed its Its website.

The website needing its position can utilize desired position information, and by network, response message is transferred to first stop Point.

First website can by the gradient gathering probe signal addressed by one or more intermediate stations be transferred to by Other website of addressing, other website described, by one or more intermediate stations transmission responses, produces from there through intermediate stations Raw gradient, described gradient provides enable and establishes between described first website and other website described relatively or absolute direction arrow The information of amount.

Additionally, according to the present invention, it is provided that a kind of network including multiple website, each website can transmit and receive number According to, thus this network can transmit data between sites by intermediate stations selected by least one, wherein each in network Website includes transmitter, receiver and data processing equipment, and can be used to:

Detectable signal is transferred to other website, and receives detectable signal from other website；

In at least some of detectable signal, transmission location data and/or position determine data, and this position data includes referring to Show the data of the absolute or relative position of the website of transmission detectable signal, and this position determines that data include receiving detectable signal Website spendable, for determining the data of the absolute of this website and/or other website or relative position；

At the website that one or more detection sites receive detectable signal, keep the selected detection from detection site Position data and/or position that website receives determine data；And

Data are to determine the exhausted of described website and/or other website to utilize the position data that kept and/or position to determine To or relative position.

Including other website directly communicated with described website, and the most directly communicate with described website its Its website.

Each website can be used to determine the absolute or phase para-position of other website directly communicated with described website Put, and with the absolute of other website that described website the most directly communicates or relative position.

Preferably, each website includes clock, and is provided for transfer clock data in detectable signal, and utilizes described Clock data determines that detectable signal transmits the time used between sites, thus determines the distance between described website.

This network can include central timing authority, for renewal timing data being transferred to the website of network, wherein, often Individual website is provided for utilizing and updates timing data so that it is clock is Tong Bu with the clock of network others website.

Preferably, each website is provided for (connecing relative at website according to the transmission in described renewal timing data Other transmission previously or concurrently of this data received) aspect calculate cumulative error function, accept or refuse described in more New timing data, thus in the clock synchronization aspects high-caliber accuracy of holding of each website of network.

At least some website in network can include alignment system based on website or can utilize and known fixed Position corresponding data are programmed.

Each website is suitable to utilize the through-put power in the detectable signal of transmission and/or path loss data between website, really Determine the approximate distance between website self and other website.

Alternatively or additionally, each website may be adapted to be obtained by triangulation indicate other websites one or more The positional information of position.

This network can include providing multiple seed website, each seed website can determine have of a relatively high accurate The absolute position data of self of degree, thus detectable signal is transferred to seed website and receives detection letter from seed website Number other website can obtain absolute location information from seed website, determine the absolute position of described other website self； And detectable signal is transferred to other website described and to receive the other website of detectable signal from other website described permissible Obtain absolute location information from other website described, determine the absolute position of described other website self.

Preferably, the data processing equipment of each website can be used to analyze the detectable signal received, to determine Whether chance transmits received detectable signal during optimal peak.

Preferably, data processing equipment can be used to by measure the path loss in the detectable signal that received and/ Or multipath distortion, the detectable signal received by analysis, and select that there is low path loss and/or the detection of low multipath distortion Signal, therefrom to extract position or timing data.

This network can include the central authority defining the sounding channel for detectable signal transmission, reduces interference and prevents Only suppression or the eavesdropping to signal.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Referring to the drawings, the paragraphs below of this specification describes embodiments of the invention in detail.But, accompanying drawing is the most such as What realizes the example of the present invention, and particular form and the setting of shown feature should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 (a) to (d) shows distance and the position determining website according to one or more websites with positional information The schematic diagram of the known method put.

Fig. 2 (a) and (b) show the rough schematic view of multiple websites of operation in ODMA network；Fig. 2 (a) illustrates At time t₀The general location of Shi Zhandian, and Fig. 2 (b) shows and is next pooled to three close adjacent sites Same site.

Fig. 3 (a) to (e) shows the schematic diagram of the simplification of same site in Fig. 2, the sequence represented by Fig. 3 (a) to (c) Row show according to the first embodiment of the present invention respectively at time t₀, t₁And t₂Time progressively determine the website of its position；And figure 3 (d) shows the most respectively at time t to the sequence represented by (e)₀, t₁And t₂Time progressively determine The website of its position.

Fig. 4 (a) to (e) shows and utilizes showing of distance and location determination techniques according to the first embodiment of the present invention It is intended to.

Fig. 5 (a) to (e) shows in three-dimensional localization the schematic diagram of the development of concept as shown in Figure 4.

Fig. 6 (a) to (f) shows the ODMA net when position carries out triangulation according to a second embodiment of the present invention The sequence of the simplification connection diagram of the mechanism that the website in network is used.

Fig. 7 is to illustrate the rough schematic view of website subset in Fig. 2, illustrated therein is collect adjacent of having by detection The certain site of website.

Fig. 8 (a) and (b) show to be had the position of the website enough fixing absolute position adjacent sites and determines mechanism Rough schematic view, wherein, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, determines the mechanism absolute position to website self based on this position Carry out triangulation.

Fig. 9 (a) to (d) shows not to be had the position that Fig. 7 website of enough adjacent sites used and determines mechanism Rough schematic view, wherein, according to this position determine mechanism position is carried out triangulation.

What Figure 10 showed that the website of Fig. 9 according to a second embodiment of the present invention used can the simplification signal of selecting technology Figure.

What Figure 11 showed that the website of Fig. 8 to 11 used can the rough schematic view of selecting technology；And

Figure 12 (a) and (b) are analogous to the rough schematic view of Fig. 5, it is shown that obtain Distance gradient or the side of position gradient Method.

Detailed description of the invention

As it has been described above, the system being used for positioning wireless mobile website in wireless network is generally based on network or based on website 's.Typically, relative to known fixed absolute position, the information collected by the use of network system performs triangulation Or trilateration (or similar) calculates and determines the site location with unknown position.System based on website combines and is implemented in shifting Other technology or other technology used that is associated with mobile site in dynamic wireless site come position location.These technology bags Include global positioning system (GPS) receiver that the offer of additional ground website can be utilized to strengthen.But, in practice, GPS Having certain defect with other technology, most obvious of which is in such as building or in the specific landform of underground etc, this A little technology are the most unavailable.

Unless context instruction, the term " absolute position " in this specification means that the position of geographically reference (does not considers Its accuracy), the such as position with reference to indicated by the grid defined or coordinate.For example, it is possible to according to the ginseng in x, y and z-plane Examine position, or define absolute position according to latitude and longitude (and possible height above sea level) coordinate.Term " relative position " means In the case of with reference to a website or mutual reference without reference to the grid defined or coordinate, according between website in network Position expressed by relative distance and relative localization thereof.

The method that the present invention relates to network location mobile site, is typically used in (at entitled Multi-Hop General classes described in the WO96/19887 of Packet Radio Networks) in ODMA communication network.In network one A little websites can have alignment system based on website, but this is not the requirement of the present invention.

In order to perform triangulation and relevant geometrical calculation, website must be able to determine the distance between website.Have a lot Mechanisms known is for determining in network environment the distance between two wireless sites.These mechanism include:

● signal timing analysis, by utilizing the time of advent (TOA) of signal between position sensing device measuring website, comes real The time of advent poor (TDOA) of existing signal and the calculating of estimation position.

● angle of arrival analysis (AOA), it is used for measuring the angle of signal between website；And

● radio propagation analysis, it is used for assessing between such as website, weakening the frequency displacement of signal, phase shift and path loss Etc radio frequency features.

In a radio network, by basic and known, skill is analyzed in radio propagation relevant to path loss and distance Art, path loss information provide two site distance from initial instruction.Thus, if the spy of website uppick adjacent sites Survey signal transmits, at receiving station by power level and the noise lower limit (noise of regulation in detection by analyzing initial transmission Floor), determine that the adjacent sites of transmission has certain distance, but this mechanism has certain limitation in accuracy.Order of accuarcy It it is the function of distance；The longest accuracy of distance is the least.

The probe transmission monitoring other website and each website monitoring any response will have other website distance prison Listen the initial information (information in detection and response) in terms of website and distance each other.But, if received Detection information include about monitor website self information, in other words, the detection information received provide by monitor come The information obtained from the detection of adjacent sites, then monitor website can make about site distance from conclusion more accurately. If receiving response for response detection afterwards, then this response will be carried by radio propagation analytical technology or Timing measurement For the customizing messages the most accurately determining distance will be enabled.

Therefore, although receiving station will not clearly know that it is positioned at where relative to adjacent sites, but, it is the most permissible In recognizing the certain radius of the circle (more accurately, three-dimensional sphere) that it produces in the remote detection site of known radius.

Although this is the most accurately (if other website is actually apart from close), but this information can be sufficient Enough accurate.This situation it is often in ODMA network environment.Such as, two mobile phones are for may be crowded at one Within doors, in this case, although definite position cannot be obtained, but a user will can determine another user extremely Few in the certain distance of this user's self-position.In other words, although each user may be unaware that another user's is definite Physical location, but they will appreciate that they same within doors, and less than several meters of remote distances.

Showing this conception of species in Fig. 1 (a), wherein the distance of transmission website X and receiving station R is x.If website X There is the known fixed absolute position that it can communicate, then receiving station R will appreciate that it within radius x (and therefore In one of 9 grid blocks at labelling A-C/3-5).If website X does not have determines position, then R can at least know it and X Relative distance x, but will not have any positional information.

Two adjacent sites if there is the R with known fixed absolute position, then the analysis meeting of receiving station obtains Go out as drawn a conclusion: receiving station is positioned at one of two of circle possible cross points defined in the radius away from two websites.This is such as Fig. 1 Shown in (b), wherein, the distance of the second website Y and receiving station R is y；Draw receiving station knot at B/3 or C/5 of position Opinion.Furthermore, if grid block is the least, then this can be that location provides enough information.

If other two websites (X and Y) do not have absolute location information, and suppose that X and Y does not transmits in mutual Phase Receiver Within the scope of, then R only will appreciate that the distance of its distance X and Y is respectively x and y.But, if X and Y self is obtained in that From transmission each other, then they can relative to each other determine their relative position as vector (distance and direction), And do not consider the ambiguity of R position.With reference to the present invention, this specification will be in this concept of following extension.

About the Given information in region can make about website be positioned at two possible positions one or the other can The ad hoc hypothesis (such as one position can be road, and another position is marsh) of energy property.But, after this specification In description it should be understood that ODMA slowly detect with adjacent sites collect process contribute to solving these fuzzy form, without definitely Understand this region or landform.

Fig. 1 (c) illustrates if the computed range with the 3rd website Z of fixing absolute position is z, then receiving station R Position can be narrowed down to the fixing absolute point in the C/5 of position by basic trigonometric calculations.Furthermore, if at website X, Y Can use with there is no absolute location information at Z, then R is confirmable be exactly website with the distance of R respectively within x, y and z (as Really website X, Y and Z can be with uppick transmission each other, then may determine that they positions relative to each other).

It is apparent that when relating to additional stop, it is also possible to the trigonometric calculations used in the example of application drawing 1 is come really Determine the third dimension of website relative assessment.Analyzed by angle of arrival, use beam antenna to reduce required for positioning purposes The quantity of transmission website.These methods include known technology.

Fig. 1 (d) shows needs the wireless site R of positional information and at corresponding new position X ', Y ' and the website at Z ' place X, Y and Z.At that point, wireless site R uses new adjacent sites W, and determines its position accordingly together with website X and Y. Website Z outside (as depicted) scope, or can be provided for the position calculation enabling wireless site R to test it Additional information.

It can be seen that in above-mentioned explanation, the website in ODMA network can be by from having determined as its adjacent sites Website obtain information, determine the position of this website.The alternative determining distance can be utilized (the most fixed Time detection and response) more high accuracy is provided, but the principle being described above stands good.

Determine in mechanism in traditional network position, it is intended to determine that the website of its position will be attempted and at this website In the range of and there is the fixed position beacon of absolute location information communicate.In the system that some are more advanced, if website Abundant beacon cannot be positioned to determine its position, then it can attempt positioning in region what himself contacted with beacon Other website, thus estimate position.

But, need not in the present invention utilize beacon as touchstone, wherein, website is not by attempting and beacon Communication and start, but only start to collect the adjacent sites of good quality, and do not consider may absolute position around them Confidence ceases.Some of these adjacent sites can become the website with absolute location information, and is so not required in that.

When on, website need to do is to monitor detectable signal and detect adjacent sites, thus collect and keep available Predetermined group of optimal adjacent sites.Location mechanism is not dependent on the covering of any website, fixed position or other datum mark. If adjacent sites has absolute location information by chance, then website self can will determine its position very fast.

Owing to reason will be will become apparent from, in the case of activating website in the network being pre-existing in, exist Around new site, the website of operation probably has determined that their position (no matter relative or absolute).Then, shown In the embodiment gone out, it will be assumed that many (if not all) in website will be it needs to be determined that position.It not all to try due to website Figure communicates (as communicating in this case) with beacon with the website of the limited quantity with positional information, this Bright have the additional benefits that these unnecessary transmission will not be utilized to make network overload.

Another and the communication network of the multiple wireless sites from another reception data can be transferred data to having Network uses based on wireless ODMA method.The method includes defining the first sounding channel, for by first, broadcast probe signal It is transferred to other website.Other website of the first detectable signal (also referred to as " detection slowly ") is received to detection site from detection site Indicate it as destination or the availability of intermediate stations.The details including these other available website is kept at each website And the adjacent sites table of associated connectivity data.

In the ODMA network utilizing wireless medium, when there is neighbouring multiple website, they can be with higher data Speed and relatively low through-put power terminate detection.Monitor website can irregularly respond with the website of lower data rate detection, or Not there is the website of enough adjacent sites, help any to use higher data rate or not there is enough adjacent sites Any isolated (at a distance) website (also referred to as " isolated adjacent sites ").When website is isolated and can not be with higher data speed When rate and peak power find enough adjacent sites, website only uses lower data rate.

Two kinds of detection process of ODMA network utilisation, " detection slowly " and " detection soon ".Slow spy is used by each website Survey process collects adjacent sites, and uses fast detection process to set up the gradient initiateed between destination's website.

Each website (can determine) transmission slow " adjacent sites collection " detection at regular intervals by slow probe timer Signal, to attempt to find other website.Website indicates them can detect other station probes in their slow detection, and So, website can change their probe power, until the website of certain pre-specified number indicates them to be able to detect that detection.As Really website never obtains the adjacent sites of requirement, then it can keep minimum data rate and maximum transmission power.

Each website will change slow probe timer, to avoid and it randomly between slow detectable signal transmits randomly Its website conflict.If any website starts to receive the transmission of another website, then heavy duty is used the slow detection at new interval by it Intervalometer.

In the wireless network of mobile site, website constantly moves, and the quantity of such adjacent sites can be constantly changing. If the quantity of adjacent sites exceedes requirement, then website will start the data rate increasing on sounding channel.This website will Continue to increase its data rate, until the quantity of adjacent sites is no longer than its requirement.If this website reaches maximum number According to speed, then it will begin through little increment to reduce its slow probe transmission power, until it minimizes through-put power, or It is no longer than the quantity of required adjacent sites.

When website slow detection to another website on sounding channel carries out response, it can be by the length of its packet Degree is limited to slow probe timer interval.This prevents other website to be detected by its response.If replied Website has than is suitable for the more data of data of little packet and to send, then it will indicate other station in the header of packet Point must move to particular data channel.

Can exist and define the multiple data channels for each sounding channel.The website that request changes will be randomly chosen In available data channels one.When other website receives request, it will change immediately to this data channel, two of which station Continuations is communicated by point, if all do not have any data to send until them or for keep maximum time of data channel to Phase (is set by Data Timer).Optional Data Transport Protocol can also be used.

When website changes to data channel, its loading data intervalometer.It will keep data timing on a data channel The time that device allows.When Data Timer expires, website will be reduced to sounding channel, and start again detection.

Slow detection process includes three basic functions:

1. adjacent sites is collected

2. power study

3. the inclination (ramping) of adjacent sites

The collection process of adjacent sites includes that website detects with the power level increased, until adjacent sites is at them The detection of oneself indicate they detecting the detection of the first website.Probe power will be increased, until predetermined quantity is adjacent Website indicates them detecting detection.

All detection sites increase and reduce their probe power, until all websites have collected the adjacent of predetermined quantity Website.This process includes increasing and reducing probe power level, and the detection of which other website is listened in instruction in this detection. By this way, all websites can know that what power level they need to arrive various adjacent sites.

Every time during station probes, it indicate its through-put power and noise lower limit and it which website there is as phase Neighbors.During the detection of every secondary site another website of uppick, this website is according to the path loss of another website of this detection And noise lower limit, calculate and arrive the path loss of another website and required power.To adjacent sites path loss and Power required for arriving adjacent sites is stored in the adjacent sites table being stored in each website.If no longer uppick is adjacent Website, then increase in table or " tilting (ramp) " arrives the path loss of website and required power level, until arriving Reach and from adjacent sites table, remove the particular level of adjacent sites at this.

To be transferred to not be that (long distance on such as network is leaving from station for the website of its one of adjacent sites if website has Point) message (or other data), then it start to transmit fast detectable signal (or gradient gathering probe signal) develop about How to arrive the information of this website.This information is referred to as gradient, and is the instruction of the cumulative cost arriving at website.When When website starts to detect soon, it indicates it to be look for destination, and self is carried out soon by the adjacent sites listening to fast detection Detection, until the fast detection of destination's its adjacent sites of website uppick.Then by increasing cumulative cost structure gradient, directly Arriving Source Site to gradient, then Source Site uses in the information of exploitation to the gradient of destination, starts to send a message to Adjacent sites, these adjacent sites can send the messages to their adjacent sites, until arriving at.

Each website keep to each adjacent sites each destination (cumulative cost) gradient and to destination its The record of grading itself.In standard ODMA communicates, each website only transmits a message to have the relatively low accumulation to destination The website of cost.Website can transmit a message to any adjacent sites with the relatively low gradient to destination.Visited by slow Survey the adjacent sites that is collected and the gradient by fast detection generates allow website exploitation to have to any destination relatively low Multiple selections of the website of cost, are used for sending a message to these destinatioies.It is sent to message/data not be phase when needs During the website of neighbors, keep adjacent sites all the time by slow detection, and be based only upon and need to develop gradient.

ODMA method, in particular for adjacent sites table and the use of gradient table, is ordering as Probing in detail The WO2005/062528 of Method for a Multi-Station Network is described.In the present invention, permissible Based on defined position related progressive error function, use the fast detection process described in the document in a similar fashion, By determining that accuracy has the adjacent sites level of highest credibility for destination locations, define position gradient or Distance gradient.

Detection process provides the bulk information about each website adjacent sites, is actually about each adjacent sites The information of adjacent sites.In the present invention, identification and the holding of the adjacent sites of good quality is to determine that calculated position is accurate The key element of exactness, therefore, collecting process by the ODMA adjacent sites of slow detection is in auxiliary positioning ODMA network The main mechanism of wireless site.Each wireless site uses slow detection process to identify, and the adjacent sites with slave site obtains letter Breath.If uppick station transmission neighbor gathering probe message, then in the sense that, this website is considered as " phase Neighbors ", and the details of the adjacent sites that holding in the adjacent sites table of each website is identified.

If the neighbor gathering probe message that the adjacent sites self transmission identified is received by particular station, And this detection comprises the information of particular station self identification symbol, then this adjacent sites is labeled as " inspection in adjacent sites table Survey adjacent sites ".Typically, each adjacent sites adjusts its adjacent sites collection technique (generally by increasing data transmission Speed also passes through to reduce the intensity of the detectable signal sent), to keep about 10 detection sites.Wherein, will have minimum The adjacent sites of the predetermined quantity of path loss is labeled as " neighbour's website " (such as 5 websites).Can differently or preferentially Process the information obtained from neighbour's website, it is also possible to adjust the technology for transmitting information according to adjacent sites.

If neighbour's website of minimum number can not be obtained with full probe power when website transmits, then be referred to as " isolated adjacent sites ".Other website of the neighbour's website obtaining the requirement that can detect the transmission of isolated adjacent sites will Isolated adjacent sites can be made to learn that they are detected, and provide additional information can to isolated adjacent sites.

When not detecting or send other message, each website monitors the detection of other website.When uppick, receiving station Point can use the transmission power information provided in this detection to determine the path loss to website.Owing to each website is continuous Ground identifies neighbour's website with minimal path loss, so these websites within direct sight line, or may have and have The optimum signal of little interference.

It is likely to decrease their transmission level to make the quantity of its adjacent sites minimize owing to sending the website of detection, So the website even can monitored will have relatively with the detection site in having the network of complete operation of many websites Good connectivity.In other words, typically adjacent sites is selected for quality of connection.Isolated adjacent sites is exception, but will be logical Cross website and it is identified that (their full power transmission of uppick also determines that they are less than and collects the requisite number of adjacent sites Amount) and help.

Additionally, broadcast probe can include neighbour's website and/or the information of detection adjacent sites of broadcast probe website.This The website enabling listening broadcast learns the position of adjacent sites, and is easy to the extraction of additional information.If it practice, needed Want, monitor website and even can detect particular station according to the information obtained by this way.

By analyzing information available at website, it should clearly can make one according to path loss and signal strength information A little simple hypothesis.If there is the least path loss, then website (may not have any reflection in direct sight line Signal).In such a case, it is possible to utilize relatively high accuracy to determine the distance between website.This will provide distance and position " original " put determines.Slow detection method collects this information and for any delay in the general process of ODMA network operation Information.Usually, the strongest signal is direct signal, but there are the non-normal conditions being not the case.Will be following See the potential ambiguity causing identifying and solve this form due to the mobility of website.

If path loss is big, then the hypothesis about environment-such as there may be interference, obstacle (such as can be made Building) or website potential range far.If registering delay, existence reflection or the hypothesis of offset signal can be made.Due to Multiple adjacent sites is there may exist, so likely position should be determined according to multiple independent Source Sites in ODMA network And verify the information from other website, thus can be avoided by what distance based on reflection or offset signal calculating was caused Error.

According to distance, it is possible to use different power and modulation technique.If website is near at hand, then can transmit sharp-pointed (sharp) wideband pulse, distance and position can be determined very accurately accordingly.Although wide spectrum or broadband signal allow more High data rate, but it is as the increase of distance, signal thickens, unless power increases.Modulation technique is in certain journey These technology can be improved on Du, but be intended to propagate farther distance and need the narrow bandwidth of lower data rate and the merit of increase Rate.The detection method used in ODMA communicates have adjusted these characteristics and transmitted to optimize data, may further be used to raising fixed Position calculates.

Except estimating in the distance between website in addition to use particular probe according to path loss and signal strength characteristics, can With send it to adjacent sites obtain be delivered to another with detectable signal from a website and return again to required time Between relevant timing information.If each website has the point-device clock being included in this unit, then can use Detection is sent to another website (Delta Time), and the time then processing at receiving station and returning, in order to the light velocity (also It is the speed of wireless points signal propagation) computed range.

In ODMA environment, detectable signal can be sent to any neighbor stations identified during adjacent sites is collected Point, this detection includes intervalometer.This detection is independently distinct from neighbor gathering probe, or neighbor gathering probe is permissible Comprise intervalometer, thus the adjacent sites being classified as neighbour's website can respond.Once receive, then adjacent sites record receives detection The time of response is returned after time and process.No matter it is detected website and returns reception and the actual time of transmission of response, Or this website is, and return processes the time, it is apparent that: by getting rid of the process time of detected adjacent sites, detection Website can calculate radio signal and arrive time (in other words, the two of the spacing of website used by adjacent sites return Times).The light velocity is about 3.0 × 10⁸Rice/per second, if so signal arrive adjacent sites calculated time time 1 μ s, then Distance between website is 300 meters.

Thus, for the purpose positioned, the spy of the neighbor gathering probe of the general purpose needed for communicating except ODMA Outside property, clock or timing information can be placed in the spy of unique ODMA identifier/address with each known adjacent sites In survey.Each website by uppick from the broadcast probe of next-door neighbour's (neighbour and detection) adjacent sites, and by independent clock Or timing data sends back each detection adjacent sites.By this way, send and receive adjacent sites and all will have about it The ongoing information of relative distance to each other, and will can keep the accuracy of they relative positions.

Owing to time-based location technology needs accurate delivery, so the short transmission with correct time data point is must Want.When picking up in transmitting procedure the sets of bits of good definition in detection and again this sets of bits ought be sent back spy During survey station point, this sets of bits starts the clock at each website, and the unique bit sequence wherein injected in transmission is filled effectively Work as trigger.This needs complicated hardware controls, but the response that digital dock can be made very fast can be used for starting timer And measure with considerable accuracy the time.

When detection site sends transmission, specific bit sequence triggers the clock of detection site and starts, then detection site Wait-for-response.Then picking up unique bit sequence at detected website, this sequence starts the clock at detected website, uses Measure after this website receives triggering and turn to (turnaround) process/time delay, until probe response is sent Return detection site.When it happens, then triggering bit sequence is set, and reports turnaround time in the transmission.For in detection The transmission that website receives, triggers bit sequence and stops the clock at detection site, deduct at the detected website reported Turnaround time；And therefore learn the round persistent period (eliminating processes turnaround time).According to this information, website can be with computer installation Distance between point.

As it appears from the above, website need not have universal timepiece to the distance determining between them, but may be at the base carried out Make all websites update by a particularly accurate clock on plinth and synchronize (if this is desired).In order to reach this mesh , time tranfer can be sent from the referenced stations serving as centre time mechanism and to provide correct time to each website.

It must be understood that can have in poor internuncial specific jump receive transmission, in this case, for time Clock time and the distance that is used for determine that the setting of the timing of calculating will exist uncertainty.Timing accuracy or station clock synchronize Disappearance, or poor transmission quality, lead to inaccuracy factor.This inaccuracy factor is to have and often jump the cost being associated The error function of functional form.These error functions can jump onto accumulation along with transmission process more, it is provided that about based on institute The designator of the uncertainty (cumulative error function) of the calculating of the information obtained.

In order to reduce the drift effect determining in the time used by multi-hop, determine that (each website processes for the time delay often jumped Communication is caused).Owing to website needs not know about how long message arrives needs, it is possible to detection is sent to referenced stations, And according to the response received, the website updating the time can computing relay.Each website can be included the information into In actual time set by synchronization.It is apparent that website can also ask orthochronous to referenced stations, then receiving sound Seasonable to delay timing.

Time synchronized can be performed by multiple jumps from central timing authority, and can be with regular intervals or carrying out On the basis of amendment synchronize the impact of clock drift is minimized.In order to reach this purpose, it is possible to use above by reference to Gradient described in the WO2005/062528 of entitled Probing Method for a Multi-Station Network is more New technique, was updated by the central authority propagation time, and the website broadcasted to network.

Propagate clock due to central authority to update, if so cumulative error or cost function are better than institute in previously renewal Receive, then the website receiving this time or clock data can select to accept this renewal.In other words, if it is determined that about The uncertain grade of transmission integrity is than the difference of previous renewal, then can support to be considered more accurate previous message and Do not consider this information.Cumulative cost function disclosed in WO2005/062528 describes also relevant to the application of the present invention.Substantially Ground, have jump the transmission of the time more fresh information received by distance can be than the biography by the multi-hop of good quality Defeated have higher cost function.Thus, in the case of being transmitted by two potential routes, relatively low tired by preferably having The path of long-pending cost because distance determine can be more accurate.Therefore, it can based on by the cumulative cost or required of multi-hop Multi-hop quantity or both, by any distance calculate value carry out priority ordering.

In order to count the impact of the error/cost function of inaccuracy and increase, each website may determine that in institute Clock available at the receiving station proposed be than transmission website at clock more accurately or more inaccuracy.Due to all Adjacent sites transmit clock data between which, so must avoid circulation probability (in other words, identical when receiving During the renewal that website is initiated).WO2005/062528 describes the technology being prevented this circulation by " freezing ".Substantially, in order to anti- Only circulation, will start enumerator in detection, and this enumerator is used for registering the number of times that renewal timing data is transmitted between website, because of And what kind of timing information is so far to make each website be capable of identify that, thus avoid using less accurate timing information.

It will be appreciated that the holding of the local clock accurately at each website greatly simplifies distance meter.For distance Class of accuracy required for calculating will indicate for the class of accuracy needed for clock.By example, if needing 30 meters Resolving power, then clock must be accurate to 0.1 microsecond (100 nanosecond).

If all websites have the local clock having the time being synchronized, then can also greatly simplify network whole The operation of body.Determining except improving distance, clock has simultaneously provided other benefit.Such as, if website skips between frequencies Different channel, then communicate the most more efficient, this avoid interference.But, the while that communication site being required or with in advance Fixed sequence mobile channel, so could be effectively.If the website related to has synchronised clock, then this by network The communication of form is possible.

Additionally, synchronize to be easy to provide service and network management in absolute time, central authority is enable to ask particular station Particular channel is moved to, to receive the information of such as software or security update etc at special time.Furthermore, this entirety can make network In minimum interference, improve privacy in addition.Hop channel (can be randomly determined by central authority and to add with response scheduling Close form is sent to website) and occur, and it is apparent that the control of this form is that network management neutralization is for service quality The important consideration of grade.But, in order to effectively, when requiring do so, the website related to must be able to accurately react.

Whether still propagate analysis (or being analyzed by any other of air interface) according to signal timing and carry out computer installation Distance between point, other website can provide the positional information of certain described class of accuracy.Positional information may be provided in X/y/z coordinate on predetermined reference framework, or only latitude and longitude (degree divides and the second), according to position reference data point (example As by GPS alignment system with determine that the device (if it is desire to) determine) of assessment calculates.Any applicable ginseng can be utilized According to, map, grid or coordinate system.

Owing to ODMA process utilizes " chance peak ", it is possible to select that there is low path loss, low multipath distortion and pin To measuring distance capabilities or the detectable signal of time synchronized aspect " high-quality ".(chance peak occurs, is wherein received by supervision The physical characteristic of signal or by monitoring the time dependent bit error rate, identifies the peak value in signal intensity or signal-tonoise level, Such that it is able to the through-put power between reduction website, which decrease interference and reduce the necessity of retransmitting message.These peaks Value can be caused by following factor: change, frequency or phase place change, noise or interference, the multipath in such as signal path amplitude Impact etc..If) use these to employ the detectable signal for the chance peak in terms of calculating, then measured distance Can be more accurate.It will thus be appreciated that: it is not required to use each detectable signal, but should use and send out at the optimal peak of chance These detectable signals sent.This is especially useful in simple single hop case.

It will be appreciated that for request or according to the predetermined scheduling for this purpose, the sounding channel that website uses can also Change.This can reduce interference and prevent any third party from attempting to block or calling-on signal.The mobile detectable signal of transmission thereon Channel can make interference or intercept signal more difficult.Thus signal is safer and secret.As it has been described above, the changing of sounding channel Become and need accurate timing.

Substantially, required distance calculates and relates to simple geometry ultimate principle.In ODMA network, many subscribers In website, there is wireless " seed " website being dispersed in overlay area of relatively small portion.These seed websites are not more Typical wireless network (such as provides cellular phone network or other net of coverage cell around one or more base stations or node Network) in provide access point or base station.Seed website simply can be used as the website of intermediate relay website, and typical case when necessary Be positioned over fixed position (such as on lamppost and on building top) and assist the chance of message between wireless site to route.Seed Website is not the fixed infrastructure of network, and can work as exist in the zone enough other website time remove it.

It practice, seed website in ODMA network except they be not used by a user and typically keep static in addition to, As other website.But, have no reason to prevent seed website from becoming mobile site and (be such as positioned train or automobile On).Although optional, but great majority (if not all) seed website defines they absolute positions by having Data, or there is the device determining they positions in certain accuracy.The website making surrounding be can determine they phases by this Position (but this need not seed website) for fixing absolute number strong point.

In order to provide precise location information, according to the position of seed website, they can include that location based on website is Unite (such as GPS system, meeting is useful if these websites are intended to movement) or they can determine from location when mounted Equipment (such as GPS) is loaded into information.But, owing in general ODMA network system, position constantly reappraises, thus solid Determine seed website and prove that the information than being provided by the GPS alignment system based on website of standard is the most accurate by little by little developing Information.This information can be supplied to central authority, and on certification network, the absolute position of the website that other website uses is accurate Exactness.

Other website including other location hardware based on website is there is also in ODMA network.For example, it is possible to spy Determine subscriber call and miscellaneous equipment provide GPS.Definitely " position enables " fixed race substation point described above and times What its independent " position enable " website (being properly termed as " mobile seed website "), it will help provide initial " accurately " the most fixed First position information, because adding wireless site to network.Although originally many wireless sites have absolute location information Outside the scope of website, but it is apparent that from this description: network can surround nearly all with final (the most promptly) (if not all) mode of the website on network increases and shares this information.

With reference to the same way prevented above described by clock accuracy drift, for reference by location purpose, can have One or more exactly accurate data points, according to this data point, other website can sufficiently accurately confirm their position. Determination for the cumulative error function of position can also operate with comprising in the way of essence is similar, and the most each website utilizes There is the positional information of the first water of minimum error.

Each website in ODMA network will start to collect adjacent sites by slow detection process.By doing so it is possible, it is each Website promptly determines whether there is any adjacent sites with absolute location information.Can provide in detection this information with And site identifier.Some in these websites can be apart from far or have the connection of poor quality relative to other website Property.But, in the adjacent sites relative to the website in the relatively good position of these absolute positions, other website can be there is.

It should be clear that a website is the nearest apart from another, the mistake comprised by referring to technology computed range as above Difference is the least.The distance of the jumping propagated by signal is the most remote, and error function is the biggest.Close if there is utilizing precise position information Many websites of collection location, then other website can be accurately determined very much they positions relative to these websites.Thus, i.e. (each intermediate stations is direct about remote, to have the website determining position information to make to jump or walk transmission by multiple short transmission Ground or indirectly assessment its own are relative to being identified as the position with the website determining position, and according to may be collected Other website in adjacent sites group), less owing to often jumping, it is delivered to attempt to determine the minimum of the website of its position so existing Error.This is because the little jump of the many with the good quality of splendid positional information is determining that on position, ratio has poor letter The jump of one poor quality of breath provides much more accurate information.Due to each website have collected more have fixing definitely The adjacent sites of positional information, so the information that each website can obtain with respect to diverse source, tests its The quality of information；And little by little, location can become more accurate.

It is obvious that adjacent sites can quickly determine they for the relative position of each other, even in their position Put the most uncertain in the case of.When receiving the information making physical location that one of these websites are able to verify that it, institute There is other website almost will can immediately determine that the geographical position of their own due to they previously determined relative positions.? Under particular case, required is exactly relative localization.For example, it is desirable to two people of meeting require no knowledge about all in a Grand Duchy Such as the details of latitude, longitude and height above sea level etc, they have only to know needs walking how far and selected side to meet To.In other words, they are desirable for including the vector in distance and direction.

Alternatively, website can be intended merely to know other website specific the most wherein, without absolute position Put, or the position even with respect to original site etc.Such as, father can only desire to determine his wife and child always Together, or police send class person can need to confirm police does not separate with their weapon or vehicle.It practice, promptly In the case of, only importantly know that the relative position needing to obtain the website that emergency personnel helps can be used.

In a word, for self the absolute position of website a certain；Or the absolute position of other website；Or self website pair Relative position in another website；Or another website is for the relative position of other website, can need location information.When So, absolute fix knowledge can automatically enable relative localization knowledge, contrary then the trueest.Under any circumstance, all of position Confidence breath can be so that providing all available location Based service and application.

In ODMA network, it must be understood that, many websites can be mobile, and according to self being other station of movement Point determines their position.Intuition is advised, it is intended to determines the particular station of its position and has fixed position (relative or absolute) Wireless site or with independent of absolute position determined by network (there is GPS or the website of other location equipment) distance for many Jump.But, in ODMA network, location mechanism dynamically changes also with " connection of growth ", the most initially has unknown position Any website finally " swallowed up " being determined by by positional information collected by the website of their own position.Website position Confidence ceases by network iteratively " clearly ".Additionally, not all website is moving always, so attempting to determine appointing of its position Any station point is by possibly also with from being known as the information (owing to thinking that these websites are more stable and reliable) of reception at static website.

Some websites need the adjacent sites bearing with them to determine the position of themselves；But it should be apparent that by In collecting adjacent sites on the basis of carrying out, so determining that the necessary information of position becomes more and more may be used on network With.This will imply that increasing website is helped having enough information to the position information of transmitting updating their own Help other website.If necessary (certainly in the initial period), website can increase (ramp up) their signal strength detection There is more preferable opportunity identification and can have the adjacent sites farther out of positional information, thus obtain the initial information of necessity, and And once it is determined that position instruction, the most again reduce power.

The repetition of this process, clear and definite character is shown in figs. 2 and 3 with very simple and simply instruction form. In Fig. 2 (a), it is demonstrated by the geographic area of network, there is multiple user.Some users are expressed as closely assembling, and other is empty On between, distribution is farther out.In this region, there is multiple fixed race substations point with positional information, and some move seed stations Point, or there is the website of location equipment, but it is to be understood that have the origin site of positional information quantity (either fixing or It is mobile) less relative to total number of sites.

The first step of this process is that website collects adjacent sites, and this is shown in Fig. 2 (b).In the illustrated example, preferable Ground, each website aims at only 3 neighbour's websites of exploitation, but it is clear that particular station (indicating some of them) is initial at this Stage determines the website less than minimum number.

Fig. 3 shows the identical network shown in the Fig. 2 changed over time.At time t₀Place (as shown in Fig. 3 (a)), Wireless mobile website in region does not has the positional information of automatic network.But, exist and intersperse among the multiple fixing of this region Seed website, and there is also some and move seed website, or there is the mobile site of location-independent system.At time t₁Place (Fig. 3 (b)), according to the first embodiment of the present invention, multiple websites are successfully from seed website and the website with known location Place develops positional information.It is apparent that the website at more dense aggregation zone determines certain position form (relatively quickly Or definitely).In Fig. 3 (c), many websites of the relative position the most only determined have now makes these relative positions Can very rapidly become the adjacent sites of absolute absolute position.

Fig. 3 (d) shows the time t determined according to still another embodiment of the invention for position₁.Only determine at this definitely Position.Along with increasing website can determine their position, other adjacent sites also will can determine themselves Position, and the quantity with the website of known location will be as at time t₂Shown repeatedly exponential increase (Fig. 3 (e)).

In two shown crystallization (crystallization) mechanism, finally, network can position adjacent sites All of website by can with larger or smaller accuracy determine position-then as available renewal or optionally believe Breath, reevaluates information and improves position.The isolated adjacent sites that even can not develop minimum number adjacent sites can also There is the information from other website to determine their position (unless completely outside spread scope).But, according to distance, The quality of information may be relatively poor, thus more inaccurate.

Fig. 1 describes following situation, and their absolute position can be transmitted by three websites wherein with known location To website R, and may determine that the position of R according to three sources of positional information.But, if R only can be with uppick three The transmission of website, but do not receive absolute location information, then R can conclude that other website each has with a certain distance from it. This principle is shown in Fig. 4 (a), and wherein website A can receive three adjacent sites A1, the transmission of A2 and A3 (maybe can detect Respond with receiving), thus determine that these websites are all in specific " track " of the distance respectively A of a1, a2 and a3.But, stand Where, website location on the point uncertain track of A.The location that Fig. 4 (b) instruction website is relative to each other actual, but the most all can not be by It determines.

If websites shown in all can with uppick from the some or all of detections of other website, or with share letter each other Breath, then the more deductions about they relative positions can be made.This is the primary concept of first embodiment of the invention, will ginseng According to Fig. 4 (c) to 4 (e), its mechanism is described.In ODMA technology, each website is collected and keeps adjacent sites；Example at Fig. 4 In, website A collects 3 websites.In Fig. 4 (c), it is evident that A1 shares one of adjacent sites that A3 collects as its own.? In this example, A1 can collect other adjacent sites (in addition to A3) that maybe can cannot include A and/or A2, because net Each website in network can identify and collect its most possible adjacent sites；Although and A1, A2 and A3 are probably for A Most preferably, but other website may more preferably (although in this shared A3) for A1.

Under any circumstance, in ODMA, each adjacent sites will be shared about its adjacent sites being maintained in its table The information of set, so A1 is by one of adjacent sites of A when learning A3 from A, and A1 will also be able to determine A and A3 according to A Between distance be a3.Distance a1 between A1, A and A1 will be informed will to be thus able to by triangulation determine between A1 and A3 Distance be a1 a3.A3 will at A and A1 reception information (owing to it is neighbour's website of the two website), so whether A Or A1 is the adjacent sites that A3 oneself collects, and it also can learn all three distance.Thus, all three website is from obtaining each other Know their relative distance, although and A3 may in A3 ' place (litura), but A1 and A may determine that distance and contra To-in other words, there is relative vector (these websites illustrate with black matrix and have now relative position information) between them.Can To understand, in this initial triangulation, make calculating based on shared high precision information.

Fig. 2 (d) illustrates that A2 also collects the A3 one of the adjacent sites as it.As described above, it means that A2 and A is permissible Determine the vector between them, although the litura of A3 ' possible position is at A3 ".But, because the reality between known A1 and A3 of A Border distance, it is understood that A3 can only be in a place, so abandoning A3 ' and A3 ".In other words, the shared information between adjacent sites A is made to can solve the problem that ambiguity and send it to the adjacent sites of all A in nested detection (this information can be delivered to it by this Adjacent sites).But in this stage with the biggest degree of accuracy it is confirmed that relative position (illustrating with black matrix).Such as Fig. 2 (e) Shown in, for website A, it means that and website bunch is still gone around it along track, but at this time point, it is at least solid In fixed direction or " constellation ".In reality, if bunch selection one website of appointment is as data point (such as 0,0,0), that Website may be by relative bearing and describes mutually, but they are actually grasped with relative bearing in undefined three dimensions Make.

This figure 5 illustrates.Fig. 5 (a) illustrates the website A in Fig. 4 and its adjacent sites the most relative to each other Orient in three dimensions.What Fig. 5 (a) illustrated that Fig. 4 (e) describes bunch is actually rotatable (relative with moveable in any plane With the absolute point at A, this bunch shown in various possible three-dimensionals).Fig. 5 (c) illustrates and exists more complicated with additional stop Three-dimensional relationship, but in the drawings, point A and B is the most known in space.In the case of two positions are fixing, largely The whole setting of fixing definition only relatively, but if Fig. 5 (c) is with as shown in 5 (d), still can enclose and pivot.If absolutely Fix annex point C over the ground, then the position of whole three dimensional structure is fixed the most utterly in Fig. 5 (e), and now can be absolute Fix the joint website every.In the present invention, owing to each website will have the information of each adjacent sites, so will Utilize minimum additional probe by this information of network distribution.

From Fig. 5 (c), it is appreciated that initially to can be used for the absolute location information that in stabilizing network, integral position determines permissible With attempt to fix the website range-folded of its absolute position.Due to by this information of high-quality hop relay, and due to Pinpoint accuracy determines relative position, thus the most accurate by the position precision of network delivery.Foregoing description show into Simplify the obvious static network explained.Necessarily can not be interpreted as this invention in reality being only defined in this aspect, this The dynamic network of bright anticipation mobile site.

It must be understood that even in highly mobile environment, use detection mechanism, position fixing process many times if per second Can be the most accurate.Thus, if the first website needs to relevant relative to the second website that the first website moves Positional information, then the first website can be to select the increase speed strengthening resolving power for providing positional information, by gradient Collect detectable signal and be transferred to the second addressed website.By these gradient gathering probe signal directly, or one can be passed through Individual or multiple intermediate stations are transferred to the second website.

Such as, the detection of fast (the gradient collection) in ODMA network can generation per second thousand of time.Under such circumstances, i.e. Make two automobiles with the speed of 180,000 ms/h travel in opposite directions (in other words accumulative speed 360,000 ms/h (or 360000 meters/ Hour, or 100 meter per seconds)), if detecting generation per second 1,000 times, then automobile relative to each other will only move 10 between detection Centimetre.Generally, the increase speed of gradient gathering probe signal transmission is preferably at least twice the standard speed of transmission, and preferably, The order of magnitude at least above the standard speed of transmission.As a result, even when website moves the most at a relatively high speed, When their position of precision measurement to strengthen, website is for appearing to each other relatively " static ".

When the first website needs the positional information strengthened, it is only necessary to the speed rates gradient gathering probe letter increased Number.Otherwise, the detection rate of increase can unnecessarily consumption of network resources.

Fig. 6 (a) to (f) relates to the process more detailed description of second embodiment of the invention.Fig. 6 shows ODMA network In a series of connection diagrams of 5 websites (being labeled as A-E).Such as above-mentioned example, it will be understood that the website forming network is permissible It is various types of websites.In the example shown in this, there are mobile phone (phone), computer or PDA (such as by the number of the Internet According to providing) and seed website.In the sequence illustrated, each website produces up to 4 adjacent bus stations (for each website It is labeled as 1-4).Neighbour's website (D3/E2 and C1/E1) that some adjacent sites are shared as between website.In Fig. 4 (a), all Website lacks positional information (being represented by circle), and the seed website E with absolute position is exception (being represented by rhombus).This Outward, there are two neighbour's websites just with absolute location information from beginning, i.e. C1/E1 and D2 is (both by rhombus table Show).Website A and B does not the most have any information about position from middle neighbour's website.

(but, under standard ODMA process, B will have the information about E of the detection sent from C.In this second reality Executing in example, the additional information received by adjacent sites and the fixing of position have less dependency.)

It is clear that from the beginning immediately, website C and D will enable by the technology schematically shown in Fig. 1 (a), determines They are in the certain radius of seed website E.Additionally, website C and D will can determine both appointing in two specified points At one, because each of which has the available absolute location information (with reference to Fig. 1 (b)) from two neighbour's websites.For really Arbitrary in the both mechanism put of location can provide the enough degree of accuracy for website C and D.Additionally, as discussed below , around adjacent sites can help to eliminate any ambiguity on position.

Fig. 6 (b) illustrates each multiple neighbour's websites with their own of neighbour's website of website A to E in practice, its In some have had absolute location information (being represented by rhombus).By similar procedure described herein, at bigger network In independent of other website, obtain or determine adjacent sites and the determination for these adjacent sites positional informationes.These mistakes Journey is the most simultaneously occurred outwardly and towards shown website from shown website by network, but for simplicity, only describe for Identify the mechanism of site operation.

In order to explain position fixing process, be shown without website and moving, but as implied above they can in ODMA network Do so.Similarly, as in the first embodiment, only for the purpose explained, the adjacent sites being kept keeps adaptively Static, but neighbour's website can change because of the change in available connectivity.Fig. 6 (c) show website initial probe it After connection diagram.It can be seen that neighbour website A1, C3, B2 and D3/E2 have now fix its absolute position they from At least three website in neighbour's website of body (independent of the example provided for website A-E, determines these adjacent sites Fixed position).This enables these websites, according to these adjacent sites, their position is carried out triangulation.Thus, website C With D they can with the one of triangulation jumping in have and have at least three adjacent sites of absolute location information.

Afterwards, as shown in Fig. 6 (d), website E3, C2, B1 and A4 successfully obtain absolute position letter also by triangulation Breath, provides 3 neighbour's websites therefore to website D, and provides 4 neighbour's websites, to determine therefrom that position to website C.Due to 4 websites around website C do not collect their positional information from identical adjacent sites, thus website C will have permission according to The additional information of the triangulation of different websites, and consequently facilitating test the degree of accuracy of determined position.According to this information, its Its website, even position enable website (such as seed website E), will enable with the positional information obtained from other website, survey Examination and the position of improvement their own, by available different pager meeting, make the overall grade positioning information in network exist Can improve in degree of accuracy.

Although process position being enabled to website such its positional information of improvement of participation looks like redundancy, but It will be appreciated that GPS and other alignment system are only accurate to a certain degree (such as, within 10 to 15 meters), unless utilized additional Data or equipment are strengthened.Owing to other website can consolidate and improve their position, institute from the optional source of positional information With it is readily apparent that the position of seed website actually and the most accurate.If exist near seed website many its Its website, then will provide point-device range measurement, institute due to even radio propagation by the jump of high-quality short transmission With the obtainable degree of accuracy order of magnitude theoretically centimetre.It is likely to inaccurately set up seed website (such as seed website Moved because of carelessness after the positional information programming utilizing GPS to derive, or it is probably out of order).The most stations Point is available, will be the most accurate as all of location in overall network, in particular for each station relative to other website Point.If particular station has higher-quality positional information, then in test process will preferably this website rather than its Its website.So, it should easily highlight any exception, it is possible to correct it.

To the time shown in Fig. 6 (e), website B has the enough information for carrying out triangulation, and To the time that Fig. 6 (f) is reflected, website A can determine its absolute information.

No matter importantly reaffirming the embodiment used, each website receive information about position (relatively or Before definitely), website can have for the required sufficiently accurate positional information of purpose.The principal character identified is as More information is collected by adjacent sites and is made available by, and location also becomes more and more accurate.Thus, connectivity and location information Very rapidly extend and grow up, thus covering whole network.Even if such as the website A in Fig. 6 being seemed to be positioned at and cannot visit The position (such as basement) asked, but adjacent sites is by detecting collection slowly, still may determine that the position of website A.As front Shown in, even if website A does not initially know its absolute position, but it still has enough information to determine that it is for website The relative position of B and other website.

This is the remarkable advantage of this process, makes to determine website (being such as positioned at the website of indoor or the underground) energy of position Enough collect process by adjacent sites to be positioned.By detection process and have information needed website can multi-hop, have There are the many websites finding to be difficult to arrive website in effect ground.The website provided is the most, and website keeps not detected the most difficult.Separately One advantage is, owing to some websites have the precise information provided on the basis of carrying out, has and is initially used to calculate position Any website of poor information will can analyze received information, and in position calculation, improve iteration in early days.This is lived The dynamic ODMA opportunity driven routing mechanism being similar to for communication, wherein, the quantity of available adjacent sites is the most, can be used as website Select to position about position and get over from the quantity of the killer opportunity of the high quality information of the relative motion of its adjacent sites Many.

ODMA communication network can be the most at the website in determining website location information, and network in real time, and degree of accuracy is just The biggest.Although the motion of many websites can make process complicate on the one hand, but owing to website changes constantly, so Relative motion provides the additional information (may be a little anti-directly perceived) further enhancing accuracy and available information quantity really.

As previously shown, some websites can transmit following facts: they are not moving, and even provides determined position Put the predetermined classification of quality.Website keeps static time the longest, and position is it is possible to the most accurate.Recognize the reliable of customizing messages Property, comparing with their other adjacent sites, the website of movement has these websites of enhancing degree of accuracy by preferentially using.So And, website also will can detect the relative motion of their own position or other site location.When website moves, website will be recognized Go out distance to change, and combine other website, by method of geometry, speed and direction can be calculated.

But, also create the Dynamic Signal characteristic impact that can be monitored, and when analyzed, these characteristics provide all As changed the information of signal intensity, phase shift, Doppler displacement, and multipath distortion.If two or more websites are by detection Receive the information relevant to identical mobile site, then these radio characteristics will jointly provide about the direction of propagation and propagation The information of speed.Such as, Doppler displacement is detected if all of adjacent sites, then motion will be detected, and at it Between, website understands the meaning of motion in real time in terms of direction and speed by having enough information.

When analyzing characteristics of signals, there are the multiple problems of signal transmission quality between website that affect, and can be analyzed this Information provides location and the relative motion of website.Owing to radiofrequency signal takes different paths from Source Site to purpose website, So part signal can be propagated directly to destination's website, and another part signal can be before reaching its destination by instead Penetrate or deflect (deflect), or pass through obstacle.As reflection and the result of deflection, owing to part signal takes longer road Footpath, and more energy can be lost than a part for the signal along directapath, so this part signal can experience time delay.Many Footpath distortion is as directly and the defection signal interference mode taking the result in difference path and occur, due to they groups immediately Close, desired waveform is caused distortion.

As general rule, propagation distance is (usually because signal power spreads on the spherical face region increased and leads Cause free space losss) major influence on signal intensity.But, signal intensity by the loss by being run into through particular medium with And (multiple copies of signal can out of phase arrive, and increases devastatingly and reduces relative to making an uproar due to multipath transmisstion problem The signal level of sound) and weaken.Therefore, if path in sight, then the loss of signal will not be serious, but in urban environment In, the path of signal be likely to this signal reflection, diffraction, deflect and scatter afterwards arrival purpose website.Fast between website Speed relative motion will cause the fluctuation (in amplitude and phase place) rapidly of receiving station experience signal intensity.

Although the analysis of characteristics of signals can cause preferably it is assumed that but it is possible to decoded information improperly.Example As, typically the strongest signal interpretation is become direct signal, more weak signal interpretation becomes defection signal.But, if main letter Number propagated by highly attenuating path (by wall or thick vegetation), it is possible to defection signal is higher, and is difficult to differentiate between direct signal With multipath signal-this will imply that more mistake in any distance calculates.Calculate along with more website can be used for assessment, Owing to website is from the information of the diverse location acquisition their own relative to website and its adjacent sites, can be very rapidly Recognize these characteristics.

Additionally, because some websites move, so according to handled new calculating, by easier acquisition discontinuity. Owing to direct and defection signal are easier to distinguish, so website can determine whether their own moves or they adjacent sites One or more whether move, and the direction of movement and speed.This information can be used as determining whether preferably from one Information that individual website is received rather than the factor of information received from another website.

In mixed and disorderly environment, Source Site and purpose website probability the most in sight are less, but relay station Many in point actually having a good chance within sight line each other.This means to transmit high quality information along this route.

If it will be appreciated that any website uses directional aerial in a network, then have only to two other adjacent sites positions Put and fix geographical position, and if there is the additional information from the opposing party, then this website can determine soon and is No there is reflection or refracted signal or multipath distortion.Additionally, the mobility of website adds attention and revises these errors Chance, it is possible to use can be in middle more advanced technology using coding to demodulate or separate waveform such as waveforms.

Fig. 7 shows some processes occurred around the website subset shown in Fig. 2.In FIG. 7, it is shown that three websites A, B And C, the most each website is by detection 10 adjacent sites of exploitation.The biography of the detectable signal needed for showing for each website Broadcasting the scope of intensity transmission, thus each website 10 websites of collection are as adjacent sites, wherein, 5 websites are that " neighbour stands Point ", and it is labeled as 1 to 5.Owing to adjacent sites is in the region of intensive gathering, so website A needs minimum power to collect The adjacent sites of minimum number.Website B needs maximum power.

In shown website, it can be seen that only website C has 3 of known location in having its detection adjacent sites group Adjacent sites, so website C can use the mechanism of second embodiment of the invention described above, immediately determines that it by triangulation Position.Also it will be seen that, with the special neighbourhood website of other website sharing site.Such as, adjacent sites C5 and A2 are at website B Detection adjacent sites in.

Fig. 8 (a) shows in its 10 detection adjacent sites and has the 10 of the fixed position determined needing to collect In the maximum level of individual adjacent sites, there is the website of Fig. 7 of 3 websites of known location.Therefore, website D, E and F can enter Row triangulation also determines their position.

Fig. 8 (b) illustrates the website of the Fig. 8 (a) after a period of time, after the position of website C, D, E and F is fixing, and website E, H After their position can being carried out triangulation with I.It will be appreciated that all these websites have now carries out triangle survey accordingly Amount the website more than 3 with absolute position, enabling to it has been determined that position test and improve.

Fig. 8 (a) and 8 (b) show that some websites are spaced mechanism relatively far away from.Fig. 9 shows when website is more Some mechanism that can occur during the region of intensive gathering.Such as in Fig. 9 (a), it is shown that website A (in Fig. 7) and its is near The through-put power boundary of two (A3 and A4) of neighbors.It can be seen that because website is close together, so each website can The minimum number of adjacent sites is obtained with relatively low power setting.But, it means that will not have fixing absolute position letter All websites of breath keep as adjacent sites, stay and are only capable of website A, A3 and the A4 determining relative position information.

But, slow detection process provides the essential information of the adjacent sites about website adjacent sites.Such as, at Fig. 9 (b) In, website A will keep website A4 as adjacent sites, and by doing so it is possible, will monitor the detection that website A4 receives.Website A To therefore learn that website A4 has two adjacent sites with absolute fixed position.Website A4 self will attempt to determine its position Put, and its one (with reference to Fig. 1 (b)) in two positions will be can determine.Website A4 is it will be appreciated that it arrives the every of adjacent sites Individual distance, and the many in the adjacent sites of these adjacent sites is it will be appreciated that arrive the distance of website A4.In between which, by In some websites can not uppick website A4 (although it may closer), so website can solve ambiguity also soon The actual location of website A4 is determined according to two available options.Once it is determined that the fixed position of website A4, website A will have Two websites, and use the method described in the second embodiment to determine its position accordingly.The adjacent sites of other website A can According to two available possible positions, help to solve the ambiguity of website A actual location, or website A3 can be determined soon Position, as represented by Fig. 9 (c).

Once the absolute position of website A3 is fixed, and website A can carry out triangle survey to himself position as shown in Fig. 9 (d) Amount.The all websites being appreciated that around website A each can determine they phase para-positions relative to they adjacent sites Put.Thus, once the position of one of website becomes the most fixing, and other websites all relatively can almost immediately determine that their own Absolute position.Even if it is clear that do not know the position of website A3, website A can also solve the ambiguity around its position. The fixing of website A3 position makes website A be able to verify that previously determined position and improve accuracy.Solve ambiguity and improve standard The extraction of the information of exactness is the major advantage of the ODMA position fixing process by detection, by each website helped each other Conclude.

If only existing several adjacent sites in the network that website is rare, then any absolute position aspect provided Error can transmit from done site by site point.But, website can be very accurate for the relative position of each other, because of according to such as relate to Distance, the mechanism of use and website between the factor of quality of connection etc, determination of distance can be the most accurate.Due to more The website accurately defining their own position available on network, so may have access to the information quality for analyzing more Good, determine that the position of website self is the most accurate.

Such as, the situation of the position conflict (using the information from different set of sites) of the triangulation calculated at website Under, utilize and analyze further, may determine that inaccuracy comes from where.Remittance if there is the position being simultaneously from several place Poly-, then just to have the strongest inference: a position determines reliably, and in this way it is possible on the basis of carrying out Corrective networks position, and make it become the most accurate.Additionally, will be following it is clear that website can help to solve each other Ambiguity.

Further illustrate this process using the mechanism described by first embodiment of the invention in Fig. 10.Such as at figure (such as figure 4 above) in 10 (a), website A is prone to determine the distance of its adjacent sites (illustrating wherein 3 (A1, A2 and A3)). A1 has adjacent sites A11, A12 and A13, as shown in Figure 10 (b).Owing to A1 shares A2 (namely A11) as phase Neighbors, it is possible to determine the relative position of A, A1 and A2 soon.Similarly, A13 has A2 (namely A131) conduct Adjacent sites, it is possible to determine the relative position of A13.But, because website receives the adjacent sites of its own adjacent sites All information, it is possible to shared at front double bounce.So in the example shown, A1 and A2 is it will be appreciated that their own To the distance of A and their own to the distance of A13.Therefore A learns the adjacent sites of its adjacent sites, and therefore learns A1 And the distance between distance and A2 and A13 between A13.Accordingly, A will learn definitely and be positioned at where (instead relative to A, A13 As the same), the fact that be double bounce regardless of the distance between website but do not communicate.It practice, website is held Adjacent sites table can keep the information (such as by the adjacent sites of the A13 of A1 and A2) of adjacent sites of another grade, This can jump by three and determine position.If it is the case, A can be appreciated that A133 and C1 and C4 is to have absolute position letter The website of breath.

Under any circumstance, owing to website determines their relative position, so by Figure 10 (d), there is absolute position The adjacent sites of A13 and A2 during the website of information.If other website in network (even if apart from far) has absolute position, So they can determine absolute position according to having the website of this information in ensuing communication.However, it is necessary to remember, Above-mentioned mechanism occurs on the outside all directions of each website, so website A will receive from multiple Source Sites at the beginning Relative information (to double bounce), then receives the absolute information (Figure 10 (e)) from several Source Sites.So, A will with other website Final on the position fixing they absolute positions, the most constantly it verified and improve.This crystallization effect will phase To comparatively fast, then when absolute information can with time become very fast, and constantly readjust.

Figure 11 show website A collect minimum number fixed station alternative-it only increases the biography of its detectable signal Broadcast intensity, until it reaches enough websites.It is preferable, however, that ODMA network entirety operates with relatively low power level, Because this minimizes by such as making interference and transmission collision and adds whole efficiency.Thus, although the method is the most permissible Information needed is promptly provided, but due to the involved relatively remote and confusion signal that will be formed, degree of accuracy can reduce. Certainly, along with determining more position in a network, this process will be improved.

But, before initiating optional process, it is highly preferred that website produces adjacent sites lentamente and keeps patience.As Necessity, can transmit message by network, to indicate good connection can use, because this will be passed to each website, and will not Fully isolate website and can be located in time.Alternatively, discontinuous inquiry can be sent to its by isolated website Adjacent sites, or it is sent to specific specified sites, or utilize instruction position the specific classification of website and message redirected To this website, thus it can utilize the information relevant with the process positioning isolated website to carry out response.This may consequently contribute to reduce Increase the needs of transmission power level and reduce the wild results of do so.

If there is connectivity from Source Site to purpose website, then gradually will determine all of website position, Even if only existing a data point.In a communication network, entitled ProbingMethod for a Multi-can be passed through The WO 2005/062528 and entitled Multi-Medium Wide Area Communication of Station Network Process described in the PCT/IB2006/001274 of Network determines the connectivity of information receiving and transmitting.If can be with this side Formula communicates with other website, then it is clear that there is the connection to this website, and can use position fixing process.If Necessity, can by first, the position of requesting site, or the position of position transmitting station is set to data point (such as, in x, y, z In three dimensions, data point could be arranged to (0,0,0)).

If the first website wants to know the position of another website in network, it can send location request message conduct Regular communication messages, if be suitable for, this message can initiate position fixing process.Can be addressed to location request message in network protect Hold the position data of website and/or position determines the central authority of data, or be sent to can to have this information or access this letter Any website that other is suitable for (including first for outwards transmission to other website, the adjacent sites of requesting site) of breath. Alternatively, first, requesting site can be by location request message direct addressin to other website, and the latter can utilize required Positional information, is transmitted back to the first website by network by message.

If requesting site provides data (broadcasting it at which to each website), then utilization is similar to by other adjacent sites In the definitiveness of the positional information of crystalline texture extension, determine they positions relative to requesting site, until location is desired Website.Position or absolute position (situation according to possible) relatively, can transmit as available, but in either case, All exist for the available relative vector of website.

Alternatively, transmitting station can be from self the generation crystallization process as data point.This crystalline solid can to outgrowth, Until reaching absolute data and being communicated back to this website.

It practice, even in the case of other website holding position discontinuously, any website can be initiated quickly Detection mechanism determines position.In this case, it is intended to determine that transmission is had specific instruction (such as requirement by the website of position Other website self initiate detection) website.Can specify that the scope of detection, to be applied to receive the website of detection, this detection Within jumping with wanting the distance determining the website of the position transmission at predetermined quantity；Can also be by the investigative range of receiving station It is limited within each a number of jump of these websites.According to this information, website will determine soon to looking younger For the relative position of each other, and if being positioned at certain amount of by having according to the website of the required quantity to positional information Within jump, then extend fixing " crystallization formula " from start site utterly；Make all of relevant website can be true Location is put.If not finding absolute position website, if or desired destination be not in produced crystallization, that Initiate detection and can specify that now accelerating of predetermined jump to be probed, thus extend crystalline growth, fixed to attempt The desired website in position (specific destination or there is the website of positional information).By this way, when needed, as long as or When needing, the website " on-demand " in network only activates position and determines, and in this process, relevant website will assess them certainly The position that body may be recorded.If located desired purpose website, then the ladder between start site and location website Degree can keep the desired long time for the purpose, then stops so that the use of Internet resources minimizes.Certainly, not Need to carry out, in the network of positional information, to may require that network self (or its part) is engaged in from one or more websites off and on This process, to determine site location, then stops.

Slow heuristic process has the key player collecting high-quality adjacent sites.In this mechanism, first produce location knot Crystallization process, then makes the request for positional information.However, it is possible to utilize fast detection process to find other website, logical Cross the network Development crystallization between website, until finding desired website.Can build " Distance gradient " with provide Source Site and Relative vector between purpose website, and by on-demand to " Distance gradient " holding.

In Figure 12 (a), website X attempts to determine the place of website A1.Although A1 distance 3 or many long-jumps, but X is permissible Send quick (or the gradient collection) detectable signal finding A1.Once positioning, A1 will respond, and will return ladder by website Degree, each gradient provides distance available between intermediate stations and direction, and accordingly, X may determine that to the relative of A or absolute vectors (situation according to possible).Figure 12 (b) shows can be by the gradient of the various combination definition of intermediate stations.Possibly through The route ratio of greater number of high-quality jump (such as by the shorter jump of a1 to a5) is by small number of jump (relatively Long, or second-rate jump 1-3) route more accurate；And cumulative error assessment can be used to determine the preferable of position Select.

The fast detection of this characteristic can be kept simply, with the positioning needle website to specific purpose, then detect stopping, or This detection can be kept one section of special time (such as, to follow the trail of very fast car, or in emergency circumstances fortune between website by person Dynamic).

If it is determined that site location, then can in the zone or provide special services or application in the way of having target.Example As, can be in the region of website or according to providing advertisement, notice or information in the specific region of position definition.So so In the case of, it is possible to use Advertisement wall scroll, or neighbouring user (all users or the user of selection kind or specific selection User) can have information or video flowing with help find missing child；Or criminal that is in region or that run away was once Information based on criminal's activity can be filled in through passing by or be likely in the future the website in the way passed by or notice board, thus obtain Information, evidence or help.Specific police or other personnel in known location can be given very based on relative or absolute position Specific information.

The key character occurred from described ODMA position fixing process enables " neighbourhood's prison by slow detection process Superintend and direct " mechanism.Adjacent sites group produced by each " neighbours " or website is accumulated and remains real set and distributed knowledge.As Fruit is necessary, can access and assess this knowledge to determine position, and this knowledge is especially relevant with problem context.

Website in inventive network keeps the information of specific phase OFF signal during standard traffic process and algorithm, in addition Keep the record of last known location of adjacent sites.If website is cut-off or damages, though or simply battery appearance Fault, then other website by access in its memory with last known sites and the letter that determines time correlation used by position Breath.

Even if not determining position, it is possible to reappraise about various adjacent sites signal intensitys according to adjacent sites table Information, so that it is determined that the position propagated and direction, to support to make specific conclusion from the history obtained.Additionally, keep letter Other website of breath also will be appreciated by other website or the adjacent sites of missing website detected.This demonstrate for position true The fixed website seeked advice from, and provide the ability of ad hoc hypothesis to be made；For example, it is possible to be also by two site records Row propagate relatively long time, and two websites thus be likely to the most close.When a website running down of battery, two people Can travel together in vehicles.This is also similar to that father and mother inquire neighbouring people whether they see lost child Son；Or whether the friend child of inquiry understanding is together with them；Or inquire that someone last fellow traveler finally sees Their place and the direction that they go to.

In case of emergency, neighbours will still have the adjacent sites of Last Known Location and geographically nearest location Up-to-date knowledge.It is apparent that this will provide exact position to begin look for needing the website of assistance to emergency personnel.Additionally, due to Knowledge is distributed to other websites many, so being difficult to avoid that site users is positioned.Such as, even if kidnapper cuts off or damages The website of victim, before this, also will exist and can be accurately positioned many adjacent sites of this site location immediately, and thus Even may determine that who in the first place close to victim.It is apparent that this ability has substantial amounts of application, including: car accident Assessment, collision escape incident etc..In order to further facilitate this process, if to nearest adjacent sites (and even to about There is the information of the website of absolute position) it is necessary, more new location information can periodically be sent to enter by website The certificate server of row inquiry.

Additionally, the later step taked by failure unit and the adjacent sites of next-door neighbour can be avoided to a certain extent The communication capacity reduced.Such as, if if sites antenna damages or electricity is the lowest, then can only be by accidental chance The signal of site propagation travels to nearest adjacent sites thus keeps limited contact and reduce power consumption.If hidden nodes in Network, then by slow detection process or immediately by limited propagation basis, the dynamic property of mobile site should increase Add the chance of exploitation adjacent sites, thus position website randomly, if especially alerting the following thing of other website on network Real: website is missing and in case of emergency needs location.

In standard wireless network environment, be difficult to obtain these advantages, especially by ODMA network system provide accurate Degree grade.Base station simply must retain the too many information from many websites, to provide in the case of not blocking and postponing Effective solution.In ODMA environment, only information is distributed to the adjacent sites of next-door neighbour and continuously updated.At needs In the case of information, website is prone to determine the gradient to necessary website by fast Detection Techniques.This process is very fast, even if greatly Network in.

Another application occurred due to " neighbourhood's supervision " ability be network can monitor unusual or unwanted Activity, and if necessary, other website can be alerted.Such as, if website is advanced with unexpected high speed, if or station Point location is forbidden with another in specific forbidden zone or less desirable particular station neighbour, then can make specific applicable sound Should.These responses can include knowledge is promptly distributed to neighbour's website or the most specific urgent website, or to central authority.

This real time monitoring capa by prominent can not, undesirably or the example of exception.These potential application and response are Unlimited, and can include vehicle tracking, stock control application, monitor child, the people monitored under the reprieve or injunction, Or simply alert network subscriber following facts: they are near the specific facilities of such as gas station, police office or restaurant etc.This Outward, in the case of catastrophic, can automatically take to make an immediate response-danger and disaster in aircraft can be with its position of high power transmission Putting, and can also download particulars from its black box data logger, in case air crash, black box is ruined Bad.This knowledge will be dumped to any random available website, thus downloads all information before this unit is destroyed.Pass through alarm Each aircraft in danger, it is also possible to avoid the midair collision etc. between aircraft.

Moreover, it should be understood that in the context of many potential application, the sophistication levels of the website unit being incorporated to network can With the lowest.Such as, (the such as distance or alert between mother and child in the relative motion monitored between above-mentioned particular station Official is relative to the position between his/her weapon and/or other police officer), the function of these equipment can be the most uncomplicated.This A little unit (but unnecessarily) can utilize the ODMA communication system of main flow for positioning possibly.If necessary, these simplify Website can only detection and to collect adjacent sites (be by propagating specific or timing probe, also for their location information It is other device), and determine distance and other related data.Traditional ODMA website may identify that simplifying website is for fixed The useful adjacent sites of position application, it is also possible to disappear simplification website as being used in the operation of the ODMA communication network of standard Cease the potential delay website of transmission and ignore.

In principle, it is only used for location and follows the tracks of without such ODMA communication network, network can be formed, but will Perform above-mentioned basic ODMA adjacent sites collection technique.By this way, use or do not use ODMA communication network, all may be used Using the vehicle tracking illustrated, stock control or convict are followed the tracks of solution as isolated network operation, maybe can also tie It is bind to other conventional network system or other mobile network's product.

The many VOIP orientation problems experiencing non-ODMA grid cell are sought by the location network of this form Location.While it is preferred that utilize ODMA postpone communication process by determined by position data be transferred to some console for centralized control points, Or be transferred to ask the website of particular station whereabouts, but in principle, this can be reported by some other communicators.

Claims (45)

1. operation includes the method for network for multiple website, and the most each website can transmit and receive data, thus Described network can pass through at least one selected intermediate stations, transmits data between sites, and described method includes:

From each station transmission detectable signal, other website receiving detectable signal from detection site passes through directly or via separately One website echo probe website indirectly and indicate they as destination or the availability of intermediate stations, described detectable signal with Low-power starts, and then increases power, until other website of predetermined quantity has carried out response；

In at least some of detectable signal, transmission location data and position determine that data, described position data include instruction transmission The data of the absolute or relative position of the website of detectable signal, and described position determines that data include instruction transmission detectable signal The absolute position of the neighbouring website selected by website or the data of relative position；

At the website that one or more detection sites receive detectable signal, the selected website from detection site is kept to receive Position data and/or position determine data；And

Keep described position data and/or position to determine at the one or more websites in the described website of data, utilize institute State position data and/or position determine data to determine the absolute of described each website and/or other website or relative position, from And make either site can determine the position of another website in self-position or network, as absolute position or relative to other station The relative position of point.

The most the method for claim 1, wherein position data and/or position determine that data are each with described for determining Other website that website directly communicates and not with the relative of other website that described each website directly communicates or Absolute position.

3. the method for claim 1, operates described method in a communication network, and wherein, described website can be by message It is transferred to destination's website from start site by least one intermediate stations randomly choosed.

4. the method for claim 1, operates described method in the network provided, be mainly used in following the tracks of in a network or Location website.

5. the method for claim 1, is included at each website and selects for detectable signal is transferred to other website Channel, on the selected channel, from detection site receive detectable signal other website indirect directly or through other website Ground responds.

6. the method for claim 1, is included in transfer clock data in detectable signal, and utilizes described clock data Determine that detectable signal transmits the time used between sites, thus determine the distance between described website.

7. method as claimed in claim 6, synchronizes including the clock making website in network, by fixed in order to synchronize the renewal of purpose Time data be transferred to other website from central timing authority.

8. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein, in response to relative to the renewal timing number received at either site According to other transmission previously or concurrently this renewal timing data transmission aspect calculate cumulative error function, determine The acceptance to described renewal timing data at described either site or refusal, thus in the clock synchronization of each website of network Aspect keeps high-caliber accuracy.

The most the method for claim 1, wherein position data includes indicating the one or more stations reaching pre-determined accuracy The positional information of the position of point.

10. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described position data includes from equipped with alignment system based on website Website or have at the website of known fixed location obtain absolute location information.

11. the most described position datas include indicating relative to one of other website or The relative position information of the position of multiple websites.

12. methods as claimed in claim 11, wherein, by the through-put power utilized between website in the detectable signal of transmission And/or path loss data determines the website of approximate distance between website, it is thus achieved that relative position information.

13. methods as claimed in claim 11, wherein, by utilizing the timing extracted in the detectable signal of transmission between slave site Data determine site distance from website, it is thus achieved that relative position information.

14. methods as claimed in claim 13, wherein, timing data includes the station by the detectable signal received by response Point inserts the process delayed data of response detectable signal, the detectable signal that the instruction of described process delayed data is received in response The time used by detectable signal received is processed at website.

15. methods as claimed in claim 11, including being obtained the position indicating one or more site locations by triangulation Confidence ceases.

16. methods as claimed in claim 10, including: it is determined by relative to previously determined other of self absolute position The site location of website, utilize the combination of absolute and relative positional information to determine the absolute position of other website, thus can not These the other websites directly communicated with other website with absolute location information can be determined indirectly the absolute of himself Position.

17. methods as claimed in claim 10, including providing multiple seed website, each seed website can determine or have Having absolute position data, the absolute position of described seed website to have of a relatively high accuracy, other website is by detectable signal It is transferred to described seed website and receives detectable signal from described seed website, thus obtaining definitely from described seed website Positional information determines the absolute position of described other website self, and additionally website detectable signal is transferred to described other Website and receive detectable signal from other website described, thus obtains absolute location information from other website described, determines The absolute position of described other website self.

18. methods as claimed in claim 7, wherein, each website selects the detectable signal received, and is connect according to these The detectable signal received is intended to be included in distance measurement capability or the high-quality position of clock synchronization aspects or timing data Degree, extracts position or timing data from the detectable signal received.

19. methods as claimed in claim 18, the detectable signal received including analysis, determine during the optimal peak of chance Whether transmit received detectable signal.

20. methods as claimed in claim 18, including the path loss measured in these detectable signals received and/or many Footpath distortion, and select that there is low path loss and/or the detectable signal of low multipath distortion, therefrom to extract position or timing number According to.

21. the method for claim 1, wherein website include keeping static with them at their detectable signal The data that time span is relevant, other website of reception detectable signal preferentially utilizes the website of the static maximum duration of self-sustaining Position data and/or position determine data.

22. the method for claim 1, wherein website include and following one or many at their detectable signal Individual relevant assistance data: the quantity of the transmission jump between the website identified in detectable signal and/or quality；Instruction is included in Timing data in detectable signal or position data and/or position determine the lifetime data in the life-span of data；With at detectable signal Class of accuracy determined by the positional information that one or more websites of middle identification are relevant；And indicate whether at chance peak Sending the qualitative data of detectable signal, other website receiving detectable signal is selectively depending on being included in received detectable signal In the character of assistance data, utilize position data therein and/or position to determine data.

The method of claim 1, wherein 23. transmit detectable signal, therefore on the sounding channel of central authority definition Reduce interference and prevent the suppression to signal or eavesdropping.

24. the method for claim 1, wherein website scheduled times after the connection that other website loses each other The historical position data of interior these other websites of holding, can retrieve described historical position data to determine the station losing connection therewith The Last Known Location of point.

The 25. detection letters that the method for claim 1, wherein website utilization produces due to the relative motion between website In number, the change of data or other characteristic of detectable signal, solve station-keeping data and/or position in detectable signal and determine The ambiguity of data.

26. the method for claim 1, wherein according to determined by described website and/or website absolute near other Or relative position, adjust the character of available service or quality from website in network.

27. methods as claimed in claim 26, including to website user provide with near determined by described site location Equipment, object or people or the relevant information of other website.

28. the method for claim 1, wherein by directly or through one or more intermediate stations, between website Transmission gradient gathering probe signal, determines the positional information relevant to website.

29. methods as claimed in claim 28, wherein, with the selected increasing strengthening resolving power for providing positional information Big speed, transmits gradient gathering probe signal.

30. methods as claimed in claim 29, wherein, only when the described positional information of needs, just to increase speed rates institute State gradient gathering probe signal.

31. first stops the method for claim 1, wherein needing the positional information relevant to another website in network Location request message can be transferred to the addressed position data keeping website in network by point and/or position determines data Central authority；It is transferred to addressed first, one or more adjacent sites of requesting site, in order to onwards transmission is to other station Point；Or it is transmitted directly to other addressed website.

32. methods as claimed in claim 31, wherein it is desired to the website of its position can utilize desired position information, will Response message is transferred to the first website by network.

33. methods as claimed in claim 31, wherein, the gradient gathering probe signal addressed is passed through one by the first website Or multiple intermediate stations is transferred to other addressed website, other website described is rung by the transmission of one or more intermediate stations Should, produce gradient from there through intermediate stations, described gradient provide enable described first website and other website described it Between establish relatively or the information of absolute direction vector.

34. 1 kinds of networks including multiple website, each website can transmit and receive data, thus described network can pass through Intermediate stations selected by least one, transmits data between sites, and each website in wherein said network includes transmitter, connects Receipts machine and data processing equipment, and can be used to:

Detectable signal is transferred to other website, and receives detectable signal from other website so that receive detection from detection site Other website of signal can be by directly or indicating them as mesh via another website echo probe website indirectly Ground or the availability of intermediate stations, described detectable signal starts with low-power, then increases power, until its of predetermined quantity Its website has carried out response；

In at least some of described detectable signal, transmission location data and position determine that data, described position data include referring to Show the data of the absolute or relative position of the website of transmission detectable signal, and described position determines that data include that instruction transmission is visited Survey absolute position or the data of relative position of the neighbouring website selected by website of signal；

At the website that one or more detection sites receive detectable signal, the selected website from detection site is kept to receive Position data and/or position determine data；And

Utilize the position data that kept and/or position determine data to determine described website and/or other website definitely or Relatively position so that either site can determine the position of another website in self-position or network, as absolute position or Relative position relative to other website.

35. networks as claimed in claim 34, wherein, each website can be used to determine and directly leads to described website Absolute or the relative position of other website of letter, and other website directly not communicated with described website definitely or phase To position.

36. networks as claimed in claim 34, wherein, each website includes clock, and is provided in detectable signal passing Defeated clock data, and utilize described clock data to determine that detectable signal transmits the time used between sites, thus determine Distance between described website.

37. networks as claimed in claim 36, including central timing authority, for being transferred to network by updating timing data Website, wherein, each website is provided for utilizing and updates timing data so that it is clock is Tong Bu with the clock of network others website.

38. networks as claimed in claim 37, wherein, each website is provided for according to connecing relative at described website The aspect of the transmission of this renewal timing data of other transmission previously or concurrently of the renewal timing data received calculates Cumulative error function, accepts or refuses described renewal timing data, thus in the clock synchronization aspects holding of each website of network High-caliber accuracy.

39. networks as claimed in claim 34, wherein, at least some website includes alignment system based on website or profit It is programmed by the position data corresponding with known fixed location.

40. networks as claimed in claim 34, wherein, each website is suitable to utilize the biography in the detectable signal of transmission between website Defeated power and/or path loss data, determine the approximate distance between website self and other website.

41. networks as claimed in claim 40, wherein, it is one or more that each website is suitable to obtain instruction by triangulation The positional information of the position of other website.

42. networks as claimed in claim 34, including multiple seed websites, each seed website can determine have relatively The absolute position data of self of high accuracy, thus detectable signal is transferred to seed website and connects from seed website Other website receiving detectable signal can obtain absolute location information from seed website, determines the exhausted of described other website self To position；And detectable signal is transferred to other website described and receives detectable signal additionally from other website described Website can obtain absolute location information from other website described, determines the absolute position of described other website self.

43. networks as claimed in claim 34, wherein, the data processing equipment of each website can be used to analyze and received Detectable signal, to determine whether transmit received detectable signal during the optimal peak of chance.

44. networks as claimed in claim 43, wherein, data processing equipment can be used to the detection received by measurement Path loss in signal and/or multipath distortion, the detectable signal received by analysis, and select that there is low path loss And/or the detectable signal of low multipath distortion, therefrom to extract position or timing data.

45. networks as claimed in claim 34, including definition for the central authority of the sounding channel of detectable signal transmission, come Reduce interference and prevent the suppression to signal or eavesdropping.