CN101284532B - Control method of battery charge state SOC for hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents
Control method of battery charge state SOC for hybrid electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN101284532B CN101284532B CN2007103025373A CN200710302537A CN101284532B CN 101284532 B CN101284532 B CN 101284532B CN 2007103025373 A CN2007103025373 A CN 2007103025373A CN 200710302537 A CN200710302537 A CN 200710302537A CN 101284532 B CN101284532 B CN 101284532B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a state-of-charge (SOC) control method of a hybrid electric vehicle; the SOC of the battery is divided into different sections; whether power generation/driving are allowed is controlled respectively for different working conditions in different sections; corresponding power generation/driving torque is calculated; the division of different SOC sections can better realize all functions of the hybrid electric vehicle in specific sections and under certain conditions; all power generation/driving functions are permitted in the A section; only regeneration braking is allowed in the B section, and an auxiliary driving to improve the engine efficiency is provided in the B section. The control method can well stable the battery SOC in the preset section, find more reasonable power generation and auxiliary driving chances during vehicle traveling, ensure the vehicle to provide auxiliary driving function stably, improve the performance of the vehicle and reduce the exhaustion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the multi-energy management system on a kind of hybrid vehicle, further relate to the control method of a kind of battery charge state (SOC), is that battery SOC is controlled at the control method in some particular range.
Background technology
Hybrid vehicle is a multi-energy system in essence, how to coordinate the work of each energy resource system, is the problem that hybrid vehicle is developed a key, directly has influence on the performance and the fuel economy of vehicle.
From the angle of battery, excessive charging (SOC is too high) and excessive discharge (SOC is low excessively) all can impact the life-span of battery, and this is by the decision of the characteristic of battery.Therefore, it is necessary the SOC of battery being controlled at certain limit.But, this just the most basic consideration.
For now, the capacity of battery is very limited.If too much use the energy of battery, cause that battery usually is in the low excessively state of SOC in the vehicle driving process, thereby function such as assistive drive can't be provided under many circumstances, will let the user think that vehicle performance is extremely unstable, cause user's complaint; If battery electric quantity uses very fewly, battery always is in the too high state of SOC in the driving process, under situations such as brake; In the time of can carrying out energy recovery; But since the energy that too high SOC causes recovery seldom, the available energy content of battery is also just few, is unfavorable for improving fuel economy.Therefore, with a kind of rational SOC control method,, be very important to recovery (charging the battery) and use (discharge) planning and the control of energy.
The SOC control of hybrid vehicle is actually the generating of hybrid vehicle and the control of assistive drive, realizes that reasonable energy reclaims and utilization, avoids occurring excessive overbalance.The technology of this respect is less at present, and patent KR20040022745 has just proposed the method for calculating of required charging current under different condition, the present invention Comparatively speaking, implementation method is different, performance is better.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes the control method of a kind of SOC, and the multi-form separate processes with the multi-form and energy that generates electricity uses is controlled at different SOC intervals and carries out, to improve the fuel-economy type and the dynamic property of car load.Solve the control problem of battery SOC on the hybrid vehicle, battery SOC has been stabilized in the particular job zone, realized the recovery and the use of the rational energy content of battery.
Forms of electricity generation among the present invention can be divided into two kinds: a kind of is to be generated electricity by the engine drive motor; Promptly adjust the operation point of driving engine; The outer moment of torsion of amount of exports generates electricity; A kind of in addition be slow down or brake process in generate electricity by the kinetic energy drive motor of vehicle, be called regenerative brake (regenative brake).Wherein the generating of first kind of form can be subdivided into generating and the generating under the non-idling operation under the idling operation again; But the generating of form can be divided into and unclamps throttle do not step on the situation of brake and unclamp throttle and step on the situation of brake in second.According to different situations, the SOC numerical value in conjunction with current calculates suitable generation current.
Among the present invention; Motor provides additional function through the electric energy of battery, and these additional functioies can be divided into several kinds of situations: a kind of is the operation point of adjustment driving engine, lets it be operated in zone efficiently; The auxiliary torque of motor output simultaneously is that car load provides enough power, and it is auxiliary to be referred to as efficient; A kind of in addition is the outer auxiliary torque of motor amount of exports, makes the output torque of motor add the output torque of driving engine,,, is referred to as performance and assists with the dynamic property of raising car load at following torque peak that can provide of this rotating speed greater than driving engine.Performance is assisted assisting when yet comprising vehicle start and gear shift.The size of auxiliary torque also need be calculated according to the numerical value of SOC.
Among the present invention, SOC is divided into 4 intervals, is respectively A, B, C and D district.Desirable SOC work area is A district and B district.Exceedingly to discharge or charge battery in order to prevent in C district and D district, when SOC is in the C district, need forbid continuing to use the electric energy of battery, should charge the battery.When SOC is in the D district, in order to prevent excessive charging, need forbids continuation, and can only use the electric energy of battery the battery charging.
Among the present invention,, the SOC of battery can be controlled in A district and the B district through the generating and the driving of rational control motor.If generate electricity through the engine drives motor, battery SOC allows to be elevated to the upper limit in A district.And generate electricity through regenerative brake, can allow the upper limit in the B district that the SOC of battery raises.When the SOC of battery is higher than the C district,, can carry out the performance assistive drive as long as other condition satisfies; Have only when the SOC of battery is higher than going up of A district and prescribe a time limit, just can carry out the efficient assistive drive.
The present invention is divided into different intervals through the SOC with battery, and in different intervals, to different working conditions, whether control allows generating/driving respectively, and calculates corresponding generating/driving torque then.The interval division of different SOC can make hybrid vehicle each item function in specific separately interval and under the certain condition, is well realized.In the A interval, allow all generating/driving functions, in the B interval, then only allow regenerative brake and provide in order to improve the assistive drive of engine efficiency.Well battery SOC is stabilized in presumptive area, in vehicle form process, can finds more reasonably generating and assistive drive opportunity, guarantee that vehicle can provide the assistive drive function more stablely, improve the performance of vehicle, reduce and discharge.
Description of drawings
The mechanical connection scheme drawing of Fig. 1--hybrid power system
Fig. 2--hybrid power system be electrically connected scheme drawing
Fig. 3--SOC dividing region
Fig. 4--SOC control method diagram of circuit
Fig. 5--electrical efficiency is assisted calculation flow chart
The auxiliary total torque of Fig. 6--electrical efficiency calculates scheme drawing
Fig. 7--electrical efficiency auxiliary coefficient calculates scheme drawing
Fig. 8--motor performance is assisted calculation flow chart
The auxiliary total torque of Fig. 9--motor performance calculates scheme drawing
Figure 10--motor performance auxiliary coefficient calculates scheme drawing
Figure 11--the power generation torque calculation flow chart that generates electricity by engine drive
Figure 12--the total torque that is generated electricity by engine drive calculates scheme drawing
Figure 13--the coefficient calculations scheme drawing that generates electricity by engine drive
Figure 14--regenerative brake torque arithmetic diagram of circuit
Figure 15--regenerative brake coefficient calculations scheme drawing
The specific embodiment
Specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, be a kind of hybrid vehicle of series parallel type, a kind of typical structure is hybrid powder motor and driving engine coaxial arrangement.
As shown in Figure 2, be a kind of typical electrical structure of hybrid vehicle, comprise an engine management system (EMS); A hybrid controller (HCU); High voltage power battery and management system thereof, hybrid powder motor and controller thereof and driving circuit, inverter etc.
Hybrid vehicle can let the electric energy of hybrid powder motor working power battery that auxiliary driving force is provided, for example can chaufeur throttle is stepped on bigger in, extra propulsive effort is provided, improve vehicle performance; Also can let hybrid powder motor generate electricity, charge, for example in brake, generate electricity, power storage is got up, use when needing afterwards to electrokinetic cell.But for now, the capacity of electrokinetic cell is still more limited, in addition battery overcharge and discharge can reduce life-span of battery greatly, so the active volume of battery can be littler.Under the situation of finite capacity, need the reasonably charging and the discharge of balancing battery, the additional function of continuous and effective could be provided to hybrid vehicle, improve the dynamic property of vehicle, reduce oil consumption and discharging.The dump energy of battery can be represented with SOC.The SOC of battery calculates and is undertaken by battery management system BMS, and sends to the controller that needs these data through CAN.
SOC control method as shown in Figure 3, that the present invention proposes is that SOC is divided into 4 intervals, has A altogether, B, four intervals of C and D.A district and B district are normal operation intervals, and the control system of hybrid power need be coordinated generating and drive, and the SOC of battery is remained within these two intervals.The C district is the very few zone of battery electric quantity; If battery makes the SOC of battery be in this interval for a certain reason; For example battery was placed for a long time and not and was used, and then need forbid continuing battery is discharged, and returned between normal area up to the SOC that through charging is battery.When the SOC of battery is in the D district, then need forbid battery is continued charging, up to battery SOC being returned between normal area because of the use of electric energy.
When the SOC of battery is between normal area, needs the current situation of vehicle to judge whether to satisfy the condition of generating or assistive drive, and then generate electricity/calculating of driving torque.It is auxiliary auxiliary with efficient that assistive drive can be divided into performance.At a time, possibly only have a kind of assisting, also possibility is assisted for two kinds and is all existed.As shown in Figure 4, assisting for two kinds needs the separate computations auxiliary torque, then computing value is superposeed, and draws total auxiliary torque.Generating can be divided into engine drive and generate electricity and utilize the kinetic energy of when brake vehicle to generate electricity.Both might exist simultaneously, so power generation torque calculating respectively, and are as shown in Figure 4.Two moments of torsion that need to calculate synthesize.
Motor carries out efficient when auxiliary, will judge at first whether current operating conditions satisfies that to carry out efficient auxiliary, and next requires the SOC of battery must be in the B district.The energy content of battery in B district obtains through regenerative brake.The auxiliary moment of torsion of efficient can a desirable auxiliary torque and a multiplication and getting, i.e. Te_final=Te * eff_me is shown in calculation process Fig. 5.Do not satisfy if carry out the auxiliary condition of efficient, then that efficient is auxiliary moment of torsion is changed to 0.The auxiliary method of efficient is; Under the present engine rotating speed, if the moment of torsion of user request greater than engine operation under this rotating speed when the moment of torsion of best efficiency point, then let engine operation at the best torque point as far as possible; The torque T e that lacks is provided by motor, and is as shown in Figure 6.The last Te that illustrates of figure is an ideal value, and motor/battery system may not the enough big moment of torsion of the decorum.Therefore need coefficient of annex, the moment of torsion that can provide with the embodiment system.Efficient auxiliary coefficient eff_me tables look-up according to current SOC and gets, and is as shown in Figure 7.Wherein, parameter Te and coefficient eff_me, those skilled in the art confirm according to the concrete operating condition under the different condition, or table look-up and can obtain according to the SOC under this operating condition.
Motor carries out performance when auxiliary, satisfy two conditions, the torque peak that the moment of torsion that is the user asks can provide alone greater than driving engine, and the SOC of battery is not or not the C district.It is in order to improve the tractive performance of car load that motor carries out performance auxiliary.The calculating of performance auxiliary torque through a desirable auxiliary torque Tp, is multiplied each other with a performance auxiliary coefficient eff_mp and is got, and promptly Tp_final=Tp * eff_mp is shown in Figure 8 like flow process.If the auxiliary condition of performance does not satisfy, then that performance is auxiliary moment of torsion is changed to 0.The torque peak that desirable auxiliary torque Tp can deduct driving engine through the moment of torsion of user's request can be provided gets, and is as shown in Figure 9; The performance auxiliary coefficient can get through current SOC data are tabled look-up, and is shown in figure 10.Wherein, parameter Tp and coefficient eff_mp, those skilled in the art confirm according to the concrete operating condition under the different condition, or table look-up and can obtain according to the SOC under this operating condition.
Performance is auxiliary possibly to be existed with efficient is auxiliary simultaneously, therefore need two moments of torsion be synthesized.The auxiliary torque Tmotor=Te_final+Tp_final that total motor provides.The moment of torsion that the moment of torsion that driving engine should provide equals user's request deducts the moment of torsion that motor provides: Teng=T_driver_demand-Tmotor.
Utilize the engine drive motor to generate electricity; Be lower in the torque ratio of user's request; When being lower than the moment of torsion that engine operation can provide under this rotating speed when best efficiency point; Improve the output torque of driving engine, utilize that a part of torque drive motor that is higher than user's request to generate electricity, store in the electrokinetic cell.If utilize the engine drive motor to generate electricity, the SOC that can only work as battery is in A to carry out interval the time.Be used for the moment of torsion that drive motor generates electricity, can multiplied each other and got by a desirable power generation torque Tge and one generating coefficient eff_ge, promptly Tge_final=Tge * eff_ge be shown in Figure 11 like flow process.Desirable power generation torque, its account form is shown in figure 12, under current rotating speed, the output torque of driving engine on the efficient best operating point, the moment of torsion of user's current request.Generating coefficient eff_ge can table look-up according to SOC numerical value and get, and is shown in figure 12.Wherein, parameter Tge and coefficient eff_ge, those skilled in the art confirm according to the concrete operating condition under the different condition, or table look-up and can obtain according to the SOC under this operating condition.
When generating electricity with the engine drive motor, the moment of torsion that the output torque of driving engine equals user request adds and need be used for the moment of torsion that drive motor generates electricity: Teng=T_driver_demand+Tge_final; But when engine warm-up or other idling under the situation that can not shut down, for example because battery SOC is crossed low and under the situation that do not allow to shut down, can let the engine drive motor generate electricity equally, the method for calculating of power generation torque is identical in situation recited above.But the power generation torque that calculates also need further receive the restriction of other factors, and for example engine output torque can not be too high during idling.
When car retardation perhaps brakes, can utilize the kinetic energy of vehicle to generate electricity, be called regenerative brake.In the present invention regenerative brake is divided into two stages: first stage is to unclamp throttle, but does not step on brake, lets vehicle slow down naturally; Second stage is to step on brake.Regenerative brake only just is allowed to when battery SOC is lower than D district lower limit.The regenerative brake of F/s and subordinate phase possibly exist simultaneously, perhaps only has the regenerative brake of F/s, and perhaps the condition of regenerative brake does not satisfy.The regenerative brake moment of torsion in two stages is settled accounts respectively; When the regenerative brake condition in some stages did not satisfy, the regenerative brake moment of torsion through should the stage was set to 0 and forbids the regenerative brake in this stage.Total regenerative brake moment of torsion is that the maximum regeneration brake torque of permission of regenerative brake moment of torsion and F/s of subordinate phase is superimposed and get.Shown in figure 14.
The regenerative brake moment of torsion of F/s is through a constant Trg, and multiplying each other with a coefficient eff_spd_no_brk who gets through the speed of a motor vehicle is tabled look-up gets, and promptly T1=Trg * eff_spd_no_brk is like Figure 14, shown in Figure 15.
The regenerative brake moment of torsion of subordinate phase is through a constant Trg, and multiplying each other with a coefficient eff_spd_brk who gets through the speed of a motor vehicle is tabled look-up gets, and promptly T2=Trg * eff_spd_brk is like Figure 14, shown in Figure 15.
Total regenerative brake moment of torsion is: T2+Max (T1)
Wherein, parameter Trg and coefficient eff_spd_no_brk, eff_spd_brk, those skilled in the art confirm according to the concrete operating condition under the different condition, or table look-up and can obtain according to the speed of a motor vehicle under this operating condition and SOC.
Claims (6)
1. the control method of the battery charge state SOC of a hybrid vehicle is divided into a plurality of intervals with battery charge state SOC, and SOC is divided into 4 intervals, by being low to moderate height C district, A district, B district, D district is set respectively from SOC=0% to SOC=100%; Wherein, A district and B district are the SOC normal operation region, and the C district is regional for preventing the battery over discharge,
It is characterized in that:
In of the generating of the interval inner control of difference, perhaps to the use of battery power to battery charge;
When SOC is in the C district, forbid continuing to use the electric energy of battery, and to battery charge; The D district when SOC is in the D district, forbids battery is charged to the battery zone that overcharges for preventing, and uses the electric energy of battery;
Generating to battery charge is divided into: 1) the engine drive motor generates electricity, 2) slow down or brake process in the regenerative brake that generates electricity by the kinetic energy drive motor of vehicle;
Use to battery power is divided into: 1) operation point of adjustment driving engine is at efficient region; The efficient of motor output auxiliary torque is auxiliary; 2) the outer auxiliary torque of motor amount of exports; Make the output torque of motor add the output torque of driving engine, auxiliary greater than driving engine in the performance of following the torque peak that can provide of this rotating speed;
When generating electricity through the engine drives motor, the SOC of permission battery is elevated to the upper limit in A district;
When generating electricity through regenerative brake, the SOC of permission battery is elevated to the upper limit in B district;
When the SOC of battery is higher than the C district,, can carry out the performance assistive drive as long as other condition satisfies;
When the SOC of battery is higher than the upper limit in A district, just can carry out the efficient assistive drive;
Through the generating and the driving of above-mentioned rational control motor, the SOC of battery can be controlled in A district and the B district.
2. the control method of the battery charge state SOC of hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
When the SOC of battery is in the B district, and current operating conditions satisfies, and to carry out efficient auxiliary;
The moment of torsion of user request greater than engine operation under the current rotating speed when the moment of torsion of best efficiency point; Keep engine operation at the best torque point; Motor provides the torque T e that lacks, and wherein, Te is an ideal value; The additional coefficient of the moment of torsion that eff_me can provide for the embodiment system, the i.e. auxiliary torque T e_final=Te * eff_me of efficient;
Do not satisfy when carrying out the auxiliary condition of efficient, then that efficient is auxiliary moment of torsion is changed to 0.
3. the control method of the battery charge state SOC of hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
When the SOC of battery not in the C district; And it is auxiliary that the torque peak that the moment of torsion of user's request can provide alone greater than driving engine, motor carry out performance, and its moment of torsion is: Tp_final=Tp * eff_mp; Wherein, Tp is desirable auxiliary torque, i.e. the moment of torsion of user's request subtracts the torque peak that driving engine can provide, and eff_mp is the performance auxiliary coefficient;
The condition auxiliary when performance do not satisfy, and then that performance is auxiliary moment of torsion is changed to 0.
4. the control method of the battery charge state SOC of hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Assisting Tp_final and the auxiliary Te_final of efficient when performance exists simultaneously; Two moments of torsion are synthesized total auxiliary torque Tmotor=Te_final+Tp_final that motor provides, and the moment of torsion that driving engine should provide deducts the torque T motor:Teng=T_driver_demand-Tmotor that motor provides for the torque T _ driver_demand of user's request.
5. the control method of the battery charge state SOC of hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
When the SOC of battery is in the A district, utilize the engine drive motor to generate electricity, the torque T ge_final=Tge that drive motor generates electricity * eff_ge, wherein, Tge is a desirable power generation torque, eff_ge is the generating coefficient;
At this moment, the output torque of driving engine need be used for the torque T ge_final:Teng=T_driver_demand+Tge_final that drive motor generates electricity for the torque T _ driver_demand of user request adds.
6. the control method of the battery charge state SOC of hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
When battery SOC is lower than D district lower limit, carry out regenerative brake and generate electricity;
First stage is to unclamp throttle, but does not step on brake, the torque T 1=Trg of regenerative brake * eff_spd_no_brk, and wherein, Trg is a constant, eff_spd_no_brk is a coefficient;
Second stage is to step on brake, regenerative brake torque T 2=Trg * eff_spd_brk, and wherein, Trg is a constant, eff_spd_brk is a coefficient;
Total regenerative brake moment of torsion is the maximum regeneration brake torque that the regenerative brake moment of torsion of subordinate phase adds the permission of F/s: T2+Max (T1);
When the regenerative brake condition in some stages does not satisfy, the regenerative brake moment of torsion through should the stage is set to 0 and forbids the regenerative brake in this stage.
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| DE102010005837A1 (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2011-07-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, 80809 | Method for controlling the state of charge of an electrical energy store |
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| CN106585402A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-04-26 | 安徽鸿创新能源动力有限公司 | Charge and discharge control method of power battery |
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