CN101273600A - Multicarrier transmitter for multiple-input multiple-output communication systems and methods for puncturing bits for pilot tones - Google Patents
Multicarrier transmitter for multiple-input multiple-output communication systems and methods for puncturing bits for pilot tones Download PDFInfo
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- CN101273600A CN101273600A CNA2006800353064A CN200680035306A CN101273600A CN 101273600 A CN101273600 A CN 101273600A CN A2006800353064 A CNA2006800353064 A CN A2006800353064A CN 200680035306 A CN200680035306 A CN 200680035306A CN 101273600 A CN101273600 A CN 101273600A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
- H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0067—Rate matching
- H04L1/0068—Rate matching by puncturing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0071—Use of interleaving
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
- H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
- H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
- H04L1/0625—Transmitter arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
Abstract
Embodiments of a transmitter and methods for puncturing bits are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed. In some embodiments, a multicarrier transmitter performs bit puncturing for pilot subcarriers in two operations. The first operation may uniformly removes bits from an encoded bit stream to achieve a predetermined code rate reserving space for pilot subcarriers of a predetermined number of antennas. The second operation may remove bits from each spatial data stream after interleaving in a manner to achieve approximately equal spacing between the punctured bits before interleaving. In this way, a conventional interleaver may be used. The second operation reserves space for pilot subcarriers when a greater number of antennas than the predetermined number are used.
Description
Invention field
[0001] some embodiments of the present invention relate to wireless communication system.Some embodiments of the present invention relate to OFDM (OFDM) communication system of using two or more transmitting antennas.
Background technology
[0002] some multi-carrier communications systems that comprise WiMax (the global interoperability of inserting of microwave) system use modulation that the subcarrier of code element is arranged, and transmit data by communication channel.Data are transmitted on data subcarrier, and most of trained values is then transmitted on pilot sub-carrier.Trained values in the pilot sub-carrier can make receiver obtain channel condition information and and transmitting synchronous.In some communication systems, before the emission, transmitter is punctured bits on symbol level, thereby is pilot sub-carrier establishment space.Punctured bits has a problem on symbol level: the skewness on bit levels of the coded-bit in the code element of being deleted, thus cause PER to raise and the receiver performance reduction.
Description of drawings
[0003] Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of multicarrier transmitter according to some embodiments of the invention;
[0004] Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of the part of the multicarrier transmitter of some other embodiment according to the present invention;
[0005] Fig. 3 is the flow chart of pilot subcarrier bit puncturer process according to some embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment
[0006] Xia Mian specification and accompanying drawing are enough to make those of ordinary skills that it is put into practice to the description of the specific embodiment of the invention.Other embodiment can have on the structure, in logic, electric aspect, process aspect and other variation.Example is only represented possible version.Unless clearly be essential outside, each parts and function all are optionally, and the order of operation can change.The part of some embodiment and feature can be included in the part and feature of other embodiment, perhaps can replace with part and the feature of other embodiment.The embodiment of the invention of listing in the claim contains all available equivalents of these claims.Embodiments of the invention can be called and/or be referred to as " the present invention " at this paper; this only be for convenience for the purpose of, but not be intended to the application's protection range is confined to any single invention or inventive concept (if in fact disclosing a more than invention).
[0007] Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of multicarrier transmitter according to some embodiments of the invention.Multicarrier transmitter 100 can be launched the two or more spatial data 121 that generated by one or more incoming bit streams 101, and can use two or more transmitting antennas 120.In certain embodiments, the multi-carrier communications signals of multicarrier transmitter 100 emissions comprises data subcarrier and pilot sub-carrier.Data subcarrier comprises information, and pilot sub-carrier then is used for signal by receiver (not show) and obtains with synchronous or the like.In some multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) embodiment, the different pilot sub-carrier of each transmitting antenna 120 emission, thus the emission of each antenna can be come at receiver one petiolarea branch.In some other embodiment, each wave beam forms space channel and all sends pilot sub-carrier, thereby the emission that makes each wave beam form space channel can both correctly be received.In certain embodiments, the used pilot sub-carrier of each antenna may be (for example, the using the different frequency subcarrier) of quadrature, and data subcarrier then is not a quadrature at frequency domain.In these MIMO embodiment, system can utilize the space diversity of transmitting antenna, thereby launches different data flow on same sub-carrier.
[0008] according to some embodiment, multicarrier transmitter 100 deleted bit from coded bit stream is so that be the pilot sub-carrier vacating space.In certain embodiments, multicarrier transmitter 100 is carried out bit puncturer for pilot sub-carrier in twice operation.Operation is that deleted bit from coded bit stream with the code rate that realizes being scheduled to, thereby is the pilot sub-carrier headspace of (for example, two) antenna 120 of predetermined quantity for the first time.Operation is that deleted bit each spatial data after interweaving is so that the spacing of the bit of being deleted before interweaving is equal substantially for the second time.Like this, just can use conventional interleaver.In certain embodiments, when the quantity of the antenna that uses during, be operating as the pilot sub-carrier headspace for the second time greater than predetermined quantity.These embodiment are discussed in more detail below.
[0009] multicarrier transmitter 100 comprises bit encoder 102 and encoded bit puncturer 104, and wherein, bit encoder 102 is used for the bit of incoming bit stream 101 is encoded, and encoded bit puncturer 104 is used for from coded bit stream 103 deleted bits.In certain embodiments, multicarrier transmitter 100 can also comprise bit distributor 106, to be used for allocation bit between a plurality of spatial data.Multicarrier transmitter 100 also comprises interleaver 108, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 and symbol mapper 112, wherein, interleaver 108 is used for coded blocks of bits 107 is carried out interlace operation, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 is used to delete the other bit, and symbol mapper 112 is used for the bit group of each spatial data is mapped to code element.In certain embodiments, multicarrier transmitter 100 can also comprise sky time-code (STC) encoder 114 and Beam-former 116.Multicarrier transmitter 100 also comprises inverse fourier transform (IFT) circuit 118 and is used to generate time domain radio frequency (RF) signal other circuit for antenna 120 emissions.Be described in more detail below the operation of these parts.
[0010] in some conventional communication systems (for example), can reserve pilot sub-carrier for preceding two transmitting antennas according to the system of the following particular wireless communication standards work that will say.For transmitter, can delete the data symbols on (that is, deletion) some subcarriers, thereby be the pilot frequency code element vacating space (for example, replacing original data symbols) of other antenna with pilot frequency code element with more antenna.For convolution code, this on the symbol level deletes to handle and causes having the smallest error rate in PER (PER) curve that this is because the performance of convolution code depends primarily on the minimum range between effective non-zero codeword (that is grid) and zero code word.This minimum range is the number of the non-zero code bit on the grid.Must be intensive if deleting in a certain section of grid come than deleting in other section, then PER depends primarily on the minimum range that has in the section that comparatively dense deletes.Some embodiments of the present invention can realize more uniform deleting in coded-bit, thereby help to overcome the relatively poor PER performance of these conventional systems.
[0011] according to some embodiments of the present invention, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 deleted bit optionally from interleaving bits piece 109, thus realizing: in the coded blocks of bits 107 before interweaving, the spacing between the bit of being deleted is equal substantially.Symbol mapper 112 is mapped to the subcarrier data code element of multi-carrier communications signals to the bit group that receives from bit puncturer 110, and the bit group is not mapped to the pilot sub-carrier of multi-carrier communications signals.In other words, skip pilot sub-carrier.
[0012] in these embodiments, the operating result of pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 is that the bit of being deleted is evenly deleted from coded bit stream 103, has so just vacateed the space for essential pilot sub-carrier.In these embodiments, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 is not necessarily according to the order that receives bits from interleaver 108 deleted bit equably, but, the order that pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 occurs at interleaver 108 inputs according to bit, deleted bit equably.Explain this point in more detail below.
[0013] in certain embodiments, transmitter 100 as encoded bit puncturer 104, is used as interleaver 108 to conventional encoded bit puncturer to conventional interleaver, and does not change their operation.Like this, the pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 of transmitter 100 can be carried out other deleting (that is, deletion other bit), and does not change the operation of existing puncturer and interleaver.Though those bits of deleting are not launched, receiver one side's mistake can't obviously increase, and in some cases, also may can not increase at all, and this is because the bit of being deleted is evenly distributed in the coded bit stream 103 more.In addition, the redundant information in the residue coded-bit is enough to make receiver to recover information bit.
[0014] in certain embodiments, encoded bit puncturer 104 is deleted the bit of some from coded bit stream 103, so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of (for example, two) transmitting antenna of predetermined quantity.In certain embodiments, the bit that encoded bit puncturer 104 is deleted can be deleted in non-homogeneous mode, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.Pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 deleted bit optionally from the interleaving bits piece 109 of each spatial data, thus be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of other transmitting antenna (for example, greater than two transmitting antenna).When using the transmitting antenna of predetermined quantity, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 can not be pilot sub-carrier deleted bit from interleaving bits piece 109.
[0015] in the some embodiments of the invention of describing in the above, encoded bit puncturer 104 is two antenna 120 deleted bits, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.In other embodiments, encoded bit puncturer 104 can be for the pilot sub-carrier vacating space of giving three or more antennas 120 deleted bit
[0016] as implied above, multicarrier transmitter 100 is carried out and is deleted operation twice.Deleting for the first time operation by encoded bit puncturer 104 execution, is in order to realize code rate predetermined or regulation.In certain embodiments, delete that operating in the coded-bit is the enough spaces of pilot sub-carrier establishment of two antennas 120 for the first time.Deleting for the second time operation by pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 execution, is in order to create the space to pilot frequency code element when using above two transmitting antennas 120.Delete that the bit deleted altogether is evenly distributed in basically after the operation for this twice (that is coded bit stream 103) through deleting in the original bit piece of processing.In certain embodiments, can carry out according to the following particular wireless communication standards that will say and delete operation and follow-up interweaving for the first time, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.In certain embodiments, delete that for the second time bit that operating period deletes is not through the position in the original bit piece of deleting processing, will consider the position (it may be also inhomogeneous) of deleting the punctured bits of operation for the first time, so, the bit that total is deleted be evenly distributed in basically (that is coded bit stream 103) without delete handle and the original block of non-interleaved processing in.Though top example has been described twice and deleted operation, method and apparatus described herein can comprise the other operation of deleting, perhaps, can comprise the less operation of deleting.
[0017] in certain embodiments, bit encoder 102 is forward error correction (FEC) encoders, and it adds the forward error correction bit according to initial FEC code rate 125 in incoming bit stream 101, thereby produces the FEC encoding block of coded bit stream 103.Encoded bit puncturer 104 is deleted (that is, deletion) bit from coded bit stream 103, to reach target code speed 123.Select target code rate 123 is in order to give predetermined quantity (for example, two) transmitting antenna 120 required pilot sub-carrier headspace.For example, if initial code rate 125 is that 1/2 (that is, an information bit is gone into, two encoding ratios are outstanding), target code speed 123 is 3/4, so, encoded bit puncturer 104 can be deleted 1/3 bit (for example, deleting each the 3rd bit) from its input.
[0018] in certain embodiments, encoded bit puncturer 104 can deleted bit, thereby is that the pilot sub-carrier of the antenna of predetermined quantity is reserved enough spaces.In certain embodiments, predetermined quantity is 2, but also can select the antenna of greater number.In these embodiments, select target code rate 123 is the enough spaces of pilot sub-carrier reservation for the antenna of giving predetermined quantity.When the antenna that uses surpassed this predetermined quantity, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 was deleted the other bit in mode as herein described.In certain embodiments, when having only two antennas to come into operation, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 can not deleted any bit, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0019] the forward error correction bit that added of bit encoder 102 comprises redundant information, and it can be used for correcting error of transmission by receiver.In certain embodiments, encoder 102 is convolution coders, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0020] in certain embodiments, multicarrier transmitter 100 comprises bit position calculator 122, the latter is according to will be in the quantity that surpasses the other pilot sub-carrier of emission on the transmitting antenna 120 of described predetermined quantity, calculates the bit position indices 129 of the bit that pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 will delete.Bit position indices 129 is corresponding to the position of the bit that will delete after interweaving.In certain embodiments, bit position calculator 122 can use following formula to calculate the index of institute's punctured bits:
[0021]
k＝1...N
[0022] wherein, function interleave (i) calculates that primary index is the index of the interleaving bits of i before interweaving, and N is the quantity of punctured bits, and p is the distance between preceding two adjacent punctured bits of interweaving,
It is the index of k punctured bits in the interleaved bit sequence.In certain embodiments, N depends on the amount of bits in the bit block that will carry out interleaving treatment, for example, it according to mode of operation etc. can be between 12 to 72 bytes value.In certain embodiments, spacing p depends on the quantity of other pilot sub-carrier of used any other antenna (that is, greater than described predetermined quantity) and the quantity of data subcarrier.For example, when using 54 subcarriers altogether, two antennas can, for example, 6 subcarriers as pilot sub-carrier.When using 3 antennas, for example, can be 11 subcarriers altogether as pilot sub-carrier.In these embodiments, encoded bit puncturer 104 can be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of two antennas (for example, only on 6 subcarriers, but not on all 11 subcarriers).In this example, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 can be other 5 pilot sub-carrier deleted bits.Spacing ' p ' between the bit that pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 will be deleted (wherein r=1/p) can calculate in the following manner: r=5/ (54-6)=5/48.In this example, each pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 can be deleted 5/48 of bit in the coded blocks of bits 107.In this example, p=48/5=9.6.This means that for this example, the spacing between two adjacent deleted bits is 9 sometimes, be 10 sometimes, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0023] in certain embodiments, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 can be according to the bit position indices 129 that is stored in the multicarrier transmitter 100, optionally deleted bit.In these embodiments, bit position indices 129 is according to precomputing in the quantity that surpasses the other pilot sub-carrier of emission on the transmitting antenna 120 of described predetermined quantity.
[0024] 108 pairs of coded blocks of bits of interleaver 107 are carried out interleaving treatment, thereby generate interleaving bits piece 109.In certain embodiments, interleaver 108 is block interleavers.In certain embodiments, interleaver 108 is interleavers of carrying out interlace operation according to particular wireless communication standards discussed in more detail below, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.In certain embodiments, the function of interleaver 108 is, delegation's ground input bit in matrix is followed by delegation, and then a row ground is from matrix output bit for row then, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0025] in certain embodiments, multicarrier transmitter 100 can optionally be launched and reaches three or more spatial data 121 with reaching three or more transmitting antennas 120.In these embodiments, at each spatial data 121, multicarrier transmitter 100 all comprises interleaver 108, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 and symbol mapper 112.
[0026] in certain embodiments, at each spatial data, bit distributor 106 is given interleaver 108 allocated code bit blocks 107.In certain embodiments, one group of ground allocation bit in bit distributor 106 1 windings, and in other embodiments, it can follow specially allocation bit of a ratio by a bit.In certain embodiments, bit distributor 106 is distributed to two or more spatial data to coded blocks of bits 105.In certain embodiments, if the identical data volume of these stream carryings, then the distribution of bit can be uniformly, and in other embodiments, if adopt adaptive bit to load between a plurality of streams, it can be uneven then distributing.To go through adaptive bit below loads.
[0027] in some other embodiment (we are referred to as level code MIMO embodiment), do not use bit distributor.In these embodiments, except interleaver 108, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 and the symbol mapper 112 of each spatial data, multicarrier transmitter 100 also comprises each spatial data or antenna corresponding encoder 102 and encoded bit puncturer 104.
[0028] in certain embodiments, encoded bit puncturer 104 is deleted some bits equably from coded bit stream 103, so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of two transmitting antennas.In these embodiments, when plural transmitting antenna 120 comes into operation, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 is optionally deleted some bits from interleaving bits piece 109, so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of the 3rd transmitting antenna and any other transmitting antenna.In these embodiments, when having only two transmitting antennas to come into operation, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 can be from interleaving bits piece 109 punctured bits.
[0029] in certain embodiments, at each spatial data, STC encoder 114 carries out Space Time Coding with the data symbols 113 that symbol mapper 112 provides, thereby makes the quantity of output stream 115 be different from the quantity of the data flow of STC encoder 114 inputs.In addition, the quantity of the quantity of the data flow of STC encoder 114 inputs and/or output stream 115 can be different from the quantity of the used transmitting antenna 120 of emission.The quantity that the quantity of the output stream 117 that Beam-former 116 provides can equal to launch used transmitting antenna 120.In certain embodiments, the quantity of the data flow of STC encoder 114 inputs can equal the quantity of output stream 117, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.In certain embodiments, the quantity of spatial data can be less than the quantity of transmitting antenna 120.For example, four transmitting antennas 120 can be used for launching one, two, three or four spatial data.When the quantity of spatial data equaled the quantity of used transmitting antenna 120, STC encoder 114 can not carry out Space Time Coding to data code element 113, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.So, multicarrier transmitter 100 just can use the transmitting antenna (for example, four) of predetermined quantity to launch nearly four spatial data.Though some embodiment that the present invention describes have used four transmitting antennas, protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.In other embodiments, can use ten or more a plurality of transmitting antenna.
[0030] according to top description; encoded bit puncturer 104 deleted bits; with the code rate that realizes being scheduled to; thereby be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of two transmitting antennas; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; because can be configured, be the antenna headspace of varying number to encoded bit puncturer 104.In these embodiments, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 can be other pilot sub-carrier headspace.
[0031] in certain embodiments, before 118 operations of IFT circuit, the modulation of the output stream 115 that 116 pairs of STC encoders 114 of Beam-former provide has the subcarrier application of beam of frequency domain symbols to form power 127.In certain embodiments, Beam-former 116 is called as the MIMO Beam-former, and it receives a more than spatial flow as input, provides a more than spatial flow as output.In certain embodiments, Beam-former 116 receives four spatial flows, and these four spatial flow application of beam are formed coefficients, thereby provides an output region stream in these four transmitting antennas 120 each.In certain embodiments, Beam-former 116 each subcarrier in frequency domain is used power, thereby each sub-carrier frequencies that each transmitting antenna 120 is sent is weighted.In certain embodiments, the channel estimating that power can provide based on receiving station, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.In certain embodiments, IFT circuit 118 can be carried out inverse discrete fourier transform (DFT), for example, comprises inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT).
[0032] in certain embodiments, the spatial data 121 of multicarrier transmitter 100 emissions can be identical (for example, for redundancy), and in other embodiments, spatial data but may be carried different data separately.In level code MIMO embodiment, each data flow can have different bit encoder, encoded bit puncturer, and does not need bit distributor 106, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0033] in certain embodiments, symbol mapper 112 can be the quadrature amplitude modulation (qam) symbol mapper, and it generates the QAM code element according to the modulator rank by the bit group.Symbol mapper 112 operable various modulation levels will be discussed below.In certain embodiments, multicarrier transmitter 100 can use adaptive bit to load, thereby according to channel conditions the bit of varying number is mapped to each code element, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.These embodiment are described in more detail below.
[0034] IFT circuit 118 and RF transmitter circuitry (separately not showing) generate time-domain signal by data symbols and pilot frequency code element, so that launch by one or more transmitting antennas 120 at each transmitting antenna 120.Each transmitting antenna can the usage space diversity be launched on identical subcarrier.Receiving station's receiver can utilize this space diversity to come the signal that is separately sent by each transmitting antenna, thereby receives two or more data flow.
[0035] Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of the part of the multicarrier transmitter of some other embodiment according to the present invention.In these embodiments, multicarrier transmitter 100 (Fig. 1) also comprises bit labeling device 142, and the latter is with the bit in the basic mode label coding bit block 107 uniformly.Before interweaving, this mode is uniform substantially.In these embodiments, the pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 of each spatial data can replace to bit extractor 144, and it is used at the bit of back deletion institute mark that interweaves.In certain embodiments, the location index 129 that bit extractor 144 generates according to the bit by institute's mark is at the bit of back deletion institute mark that interweaves.
[0036] in some such embodiment, the implementation of bit labeling is: before interweaving, add indicator bit, will delete which bit with indication.In these embodiments, can interweave to coded-bit and indicator bit execution.After interweaving, the coded-bit that deletion and indicator bit have same position.
[0037] in some other embodiment, can offer interleaver 108 to the bits of original location index of institute's market bit, then, can obtain the bit position indices 129 of institute's market bit at interleaver 108 outputs.In certain embodiments, bit position indices 129 can store in advance, then, deletes according to 129 pairs of interleaving blocks 109 of the bit position indices of being stored.
[0038] return Fig. 1, in certain embodiments, multicarrier transmitter 100 can be the part of the Wireless Telecom Equipment of emission OFDM (OFDM) signal of communication.In certain embodiments, multicarrier transmitter 100 can be launched by multicarrier communication channel.Multicarrier communication channel can be within the predetermined spectrum, and it can comprise a plurality of orthogonal sub-carriers.In certain embodiments, these orthogonal sub-carriers can be the OFDM subcarriers of close proximity.In order to help between the subcarrier of close proximity, to realize quadrature; each subcarrier has null value and/or each subcarrier and has an integer circulation in the phase a code element at about centre frequency place of other subcarrier, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0039] in certain embodiments; multicarrier transmitter 100 can be the part of WAP (wireless access point) (AP); access point for example is the global interoperability (WiMax) of Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), inserting of microwave or broadband connections station etc.; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, because multicarrier transmitter 100 can be the part of any Wireless Telecom Equipment almost.In certain embodiments, multicarrier transmitter 100 can be the part of portable radio communication device, portable radio communication device is a PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) for example, has above-knee or portable computer, network panel computer, radio telephone, wireless head-wearing device, beep-pager, instant message transrecieving device, digital camera, access point, the TV of wireless communication ability or other wireless device that can receive and send messages.
[0040] in certain embodiments, the frequency spectrum of multi-carrier communications signals can comprise 5GHz frequency spectrum or 2.4GHz frequency spectrum.In these embodiments, the frequency range of 5GHz frequency spectrum is about 4.9 to 5.9GHz, and the frequency range of 2.4GHz frequency spectrum is about 2.3 to 2.5GHz, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, because other frequency spectrum is suitable for too.In some broadbands and WiMax embodiment, the frequency range of communication spectrum be 2 and 11GHz between, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0041] in certain embodiments, multicarrier transmitter 100 can be according to particular communication standard emission RF signal of communication, for example, Institute of Electrical and Electric Engineers (IEEE) standard, comprise IEEE 802.11 (a), 802.11 (b), 802.11 (g), 802.1l (h) and/or 802.1l (n) that wireless lan (wlan) uses, but multicarrier transmitter 100 also can be according to other technology transmitting-receiving signal of communication.In some broadbands and WiMax embodiment, multicarrier transmitter 100 can be according to wireless MAN (the IEEE 802.16-2004 standard that (WMAN) is used, comprise that it changes and evolution version (for example, IEEE 802.16 (e) working group), emission broadband wireless communications signal.As desire ieee standard there are more understandings, see also " IEEE Standardsfor Information Technology-Telecommunications and InformationExchange between Systems-Local and Metropolitan Area Network-Specific Requirements-Part 11:Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY), ISO/TEC 8802-11:1999 " and related amendments/versions.
[0042] in some conventional communication systems (for example), can reserve pilot sub-carrier for preceding two transmitting antennas according to the system of IEEE 802.16 (d/e) working group/modular working.In some embodiments of the invention, can carry out according to IEEE 802.16 (d/e) working group/standard and delete operation and follow-up interweaving for the first time, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.In certain embodiments, encoded bit puncturer 104 is carried out bit puncturer according to IEEE 802.16 (d/e) working group/standard.In certain embodiments, interleaver 108 is carried out interlace operation according to IEEE 802.16 (d/e) working group/standard, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0043] antenna 120 can comprise directional antenna or omnidirectional antenna, for example, comprises dipole antenna, unipole antenna, chip aerial, loop aerial, microstrip antenna or is suitable for the antenna of other type of transmitting RF signal.What tell about above is two or more a plurality of antenna, but in some embodiments, can use the single antenna with a plurality of apertures.
[0044] according to some embodiment, multicarrier transmitter 100 can carry out the code element modulation to subcarrier according to each subcarrier modulation assignments.This is called adaptive bit and loads (ABL).Correspondingly, the bit of variable number can be represented by the code element that is modulated on the subcarrier.Each subcarrier modulation assignments can be based on the channel characteristics or the channel conditions of this subcarrier, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.In some such embodiment, bit distributor 106 can go allocation bit according to symbol mapper 112 used modulation levels.
[0045] in some ABL embodiment, the scope of subcarrier modulation assignments can be from every code element zero bit to ten of every code elements or more a plurality of bit.With regard to modulation levels, subcarrier modulation assignments can comprise that every code element transmits the bi-phase shift keying (BPSK) of a bit, every code element transmits the quadriphase PSK (QPSK) of two bits, every code element transmits the 8PSK of three bits, every code element transmits 16 quadrature amplitude modulations (16-QAM) of four bits, and every code element transmits the 32-QAM of five bits, and every code element transmits the 64-QAM of six bits, every code element transmits the 128-QAM of seven bits, and every code element transmits the 256-QAM of 8 bits.Can use every subcarrier to have the modulation levels of higher data communication rates.In certain embodiments, each OFDM code element Nepit quantity can great changes have taken place, this is that but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto because each modulation has the amount of bits of the subcarrier of code element to alter a great deal.
[0046] though multicarrier transmitter 100 is described as having a plurality of different functional parts in the above, but, one or more functional part can merge, and can realize with the parts (processing unit that for example, comprises digital signal processor (DSP)) of software arrangements and/or the mode that other hardware component combines.For example, some parts can comprise the combination of one or more microprocessor, DSP, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC) and various hardware and logical circuit, as long as they realize function described herein at least.In certain embodiments, the functional part of multicarrier transmitter 100 shown in Figure 1 can be the one or more processes that are operated on one or more processing unit, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0047] Fig. 3 is the flow chart of pilot subcarrier bit puncturer process according to some embodiments of the invention.Pilot subcarrier bit puncturer process 300 can be carried out by transmitter (for example, multicarrier transmitter 100 shown in Figure 1), but also can be configured other transmitter, so that it can implementation 300.Process 300 can realize the more even distribution of punctured bits for pilot sub-carrier, when the quantity of used antenna greater than encoded bit puncturer 104 (Fig. 1) deleted bit at antenna amount the time, especially true.
[0048] operation 302 deleted bit from coded bit stream is with the code rate that realizes being scheduled to.So just can be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of (for example, two) transmitting antenna of predetermined quantity.Operation 302 can be carried out by encoded bit puncturer 104 (Fig. 1), but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0049] operation 304 is distributed in coded-bit in the middle of a plurality of spatial flows.Operation 304 can be carried out by bit distributor 106 (Fig. 1), but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0050] operation 306 is carried out interleaving treatment to the coded blocks of bits of each spatial flow.Operation 306 can be carried out by interleaver 108 (Fig. 1), but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0051] when the quantity of the transmitting antenna that comes into operation during greater than predetermined quantity, operation 308 judges whether and need reserve other space for pilot sub-carrier.When needs are reserved other space, executable operations 310.When operation 302 has reserved enough spaces, executable operations 312.Operation 308 can be carried out by system controller 130 (Fig. 1), but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0052] operation 310 deleted bit from the interleaving bits piece, to realize: in the bit block before the interweaving of operation 306, spacing is equal substantially.Operation 310 can be carried out at each spatial data, and, can carry out by pilot subcarrier bit puncturer 110 (Fig. 1), but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0053] for each spatial data, operation 312 is mapped to data subcarrier to the bit group.For each data subcarrier with for each spatial data, operation 312 can generate the subcarrier that modulation has code element.
[0054] operation 314 can not be mapped to pilot sub-carrier to the bit group.Operation 312 and 314 can be carried out by symbol mapper 112 (Fig. 1), but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0055] operation 316 modulation to each spatial data have the subcarrier of code element to carry out Space Time Coding, so that carry out subsequent transmission by transmitting antenna 120 (Fig. 1).Like this, equate or the transmitting antenna of a greater number can be used to launch the spatial data of this quantity.Operation 316 can be carried out by STC encoder 116 (Fig. 1), but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0056] though top various operations with process 300 show and be described as different operations,, one or more can the execution simultaneously in these operations, and do not require these operations must with shown in order carry out.Unless stated otherwise, otherwise, processing, calculating, computing, determine, action and/or process that term such as demonstration refers to one or more processing or computing system or similar devices, these processing or computing system or similar devices with physics (for example can be handled in the RS of a treatment system, electronics) data shown of scale, and be converted into the data of representing with physical quantity with in the register of this treatment system or memory or other such information stores, transmission or the display unit.
[0057] some embodiments of the present invention can realize with the mode of hardware, firmware or software combination.Embodiments of the invention also can be embodied as the instruction that is stored on the machine readable media, and these instructions can be read and be carried out by at least one processor, to carry out operation as herein described.Machine readable media can comprise any mechanism that stores or transmit information in the readable mode of machine (for example, computer).For example, machine readable media comprises the transmitting signal (for example, carrier wave, infrared signal, digital signal etc.) of read-only memory (ROM), random access storage device (RAM), magnetic disk storage medium, optical storage media, flash memory device, electricity, light, sound or other form etc.
[0058] providing summary is in order to satisfy the regulation of 37C.F.R. § 1.72 (b), and 37C.F.R. § 1.72 (b) requires summary is provided so that the reader can determine the material point and the marrow of the open book of this technology.It should be understood that this should not be used for explaining or limiting the protection range or the implication of claim.
[0059] in " embodiment " in front, for make the present invention smooth and easy understandable, train of thought is clear, we sometimes with various characteristics combination in single embodiment.But this open method should be interpreted as reflecting following intention: the feature of clearly listing in each claim of the needed aspect ratio of the embodiment of this subject matter correspondence wants many.On the contrary, as claim reflected, the embodiment of theme of the present invention can be less than all features in the single disclosed embodiment.Therefore, claims should be attached in the embodiment, every claim itself is wherein all represented an independent preferred embodiment.
Claims (33)
1. multicarrier transmitter comprises:
Pilot subcarrier bit puncturer, deleted bit optionally from the interleaving bits piece, to realize: in the bit block before interweaving, the spacing between the bit of being deleted is equal substantially;
Symbol mapper is mapped to the subcarrier data code element of multi-carrier communications signals to the bit group that receives from described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer, and the bit group is not mapped to the pilot sub-carrier of described multi-carrier communications signals.
2. the transmitter of claim 1 also comprises:
Encoded bit puncturer, deleted bit from coded bit stream, so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of the transmitting antenna of predetermined quantity,
Wherein, described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer is optionally deleted the other bit, and to realize: in described coded bit stream, the interval between the bit of described encoded bit puncturer and the deletion of described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer is equal substantially.
3. the transmitter of claim 2, wherein said pilot subcarrier bit puncturer is optionally deleted described other bit from described interleaving bits piece, so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of other transmitting antenna, and, when the transmitting antenna of described predetermined quantity came into operation, described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer was not pilot sub-carrier deleted bit from described interleaving bits piece.
4. the transmitter of claim 2 also comprises:
Bit encoder is added the forward error correction coding bit in incoming bit stream, with the generation coded bit stream,
Wherein, described encoded bit puncturer is punctured bits from described coded bit stream, and realizing a target code speed, described target code speed chooses for the pilot sub-carrier headspace of the transmitting antenna of giving described predetermined quantity.
5. the transmitter of claim 2 also comprises:
Bit position calculator according to will be in the quantity that surpasses the other pilot sub-carrier of launching on the transmitting antenna of described predetermined quantity, be calculated the bit position indices of the bit that described bit puncturer will delete.
6. the transmitter of claim 2, wherein, described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer is according to the bit position indices that is stored in the described transmitter, deleted bit optionally, described bit position indices are according to precomputing in the quantity that surpasses the other pilot sub-carrier of launching on the transmitting antenna of described predetermined quantity.
7. the transmitter of claim 2 also comprises:
Interleaver carries out interleaving treatment to described coded blocks of bits, generates described interleaving bits piece; And
The bit labeling device is before interweaving, with basic mode uniformly, the bit in the described coded blocks of bits of mark;
Wherein, described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer comprises bit extractor, is used at the bit of back deletion institute mark that interweaves.
8. the transmitter of claim 7, the location index that wherein said bit extractor generates according to the bit by institute's mark is at the bit of back deletion institute mark that interweaves.
9. the transmitter of claim 2, wherein said emission function reaches three or more spatial data with reaching three or more emitting antenna selecting ground emissions,
Wherein for each spatial data, described transmitter all comprises interleaver, pilot subcarrier bit puncturer and symbol mapper, and
Wherein said transmitter also comprises bit distributor, is used for the coded-bit of each spatial data is distributed to described interleaver.
10. the transmitter of claim 9 also comprises:
Encoded bit puncturer, deleted bit substantially equably from coded bit stream is so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of two transmitting antennas in the transmitting antenna;
Wherein, when plural transmitting antenna comes into operation, described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer deleted bit optionally from described interleaving bits piece, so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of the 3rd transmitting antenna and any other transmitting antenna,
Wherein when having only described two transmitting antennas to come into operation, described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer is deleted bit from described interleaving bits piece not.
11. the multicarrier transmitter of claim 10 also comprises:
Empty time-code (STC) encoder when the quantity of spatial data is different from the quantity of transmitting antenna, at each spatial data, carries out Space Time Coding with the data symbols that described symbol mapper provides.
12. the transmitter of claim 11 also comprises:
Beam-former, before carrying out inverse fourier transform, the modulation that described STC encoder is provided has the subcarrier application of beam of frequency domain symbols to form power.
13. the transmitter of claim 12 also comprises:
The inverse fourier transform circuit at each transmitting antenna, generates time-domain signal by described data symbols and pilot frequency code element, so that launch by one or more transmitting antennas,
Wherein said transmitting antenna is launched orthogonal frequency-division multiplex singal on a plurality of subcarriers, and
Wherein each transmitting antenna usage space diversity on identical subcarrier is launched.
14. a multicarrier transmitter comprises:
Encoded bit puncturer, deleted bit from coded bit stream is so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of the transmitting antenna of predetermined quantity in a plurality of transmitting antennas; And
Pilot subcarrier bit puncturer when the transmitting antenna that surpasses described predetermined quantity is used to launch, is optionally deleted the other bit, so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of other transmitting antenna from the interleaving bits piece.
15. the transmitter of claim 14 also comprises:
System controller, the quantity of the transmitting antenna that is identified for launching when the transmitting antenna that surpasses described predetermined quantity is used to launch, is configured described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer, so that it optionally deletes described other bit,
Wherein said pilot subcarrier bit puncturer is optionally deleted described other bit from described interleaving bits piece, to realize: the spacing between the order bit of described coded bit stream is equal substantially.
16. the transmitter of claim 15, wherein each pilot subcarrier bit puncturer all is associated with one of a plurality of spatial data, and
Wherein said transmitter also comprises a plurality of symbol mapper, for each spatial data, described symbol mapper is mapped to the subcarrier data code element of multi-carrier communications signals to the bit group that receives from described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer, and the bit group is not mapped to the pilot sub-carrier of described multi-carrier communications signals.
17. the transmitter of claim 16 also comprises:
Code coder when empty carries out Space Time Coding to the spatial data that mails to described transmitting antenna, so that: the spatial data of lesser amt can be launched on the transmitting antenna of equal or a greater number.
18. the transmitter of claim 15 also comprises:
Bit position calculator according to will be in the quantity that surpasses the other pilot sub-carrier of launching on the transmitting antenna of described predetermined quantity, be calculated the bit position indices of the bit that each bit puncturer will delete.
19. a method comprises:
Deleted bit from coded bit stream is so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of the transmitting antenna of predetermined quantity in a plurality of transmitting antennas; And
When the transmitting antenna that surpasses described predetermined quantity is used to launch, from the interleaving bits piece, optionally delete the other bit, so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of other transmitting antenna.
20. the method for claim 19 wherein, is optionally deleted the other bit and is comprised:
Optionally delete described other bit, to realize: the spacing between the order bit in the bit block before interweaving is equal substantially.
21. the method for claim 20 also comprises:
Bit group after the described other bit of deletion is mapped to the subcarrier data code element of multi-carrier communications signals; And
The bit group after the described other bit of deletion is not mapped to the pilot sub-carrier of described multi-carrier communications signals.
22. the method for claim 21 also comprises:
From described coded bit stream equably after the deleted bit, give each the allocated code bit all in a plurality of spatial data;
Coded-bit to each spatial data of distributing carries out interleaving treatment; And
Described spatial data is carried out Space Time Coding, so that: the spatial data of lesser amt can be launched on the transmitting antenna of equal or a greater number,
Wherein all carry out following steps: the described other bit of optionally deleting, described mapping and describedly do not shine upon in described a plurality of spatial data each.
23. the method for claim 20 also comprises:
According to will be in the quantity that surpasses the other pilot sub-carrier of launching on the transmitting antenna of described predetermined quantity, the bit position indices of the described other bit that calculating will optionally be deleted.
24. a system comprises:
The transmitting antenna of a plurality of basic omnidirectionals;
Encoded bit puncturer, deleted bit from coded bit stream is so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of the transmitting antenna of predetermined quantity in the transmitting antenna of described a plurality of basic omnidirectionals; And
Pilot subcarrier bit puncturer when the transmitting antenna that surpasses described predetermined quantity is used to launch, is optionally deleted the other bit, so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of other transmitting antenna from the interleaving bits piece.
25. the system of claim 24 also comprises:
System controller, the quantity of the transmitting antenna that is identified for launching when the transmitting antenna that surpasses described predetermined quantity is used to launch, is configured described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer, so that it optionally deletes described other bit,
Wherein said pilot subcarrier bit puncturer is optionally deleted described other bit from described interleaving bits piece, to realize: the spacing between the order bit of the described coded bit stream before interweaving is equal substantially.
26. the system of claim 25, wherein each pilot subcarrier bit puncturer all is associated with one of a plurality of spatial data, and
Wherein said system also comprises a plurality of symbol mapper, for each spatial data, described symbol mapper is mapped to the subcarrier data code element of multi-carrier communications signals to the bit group that receives from described pilot subcarrier bit puncturer, and the bit group is not mapped to the pilot sub-carrier of described multi-carrier communications signals.
27. the system of claim 26 also comprises:
Code coder when empty carries out Space Time Coding to the spatial data that mails to described transmitting antenna, so that: the spatial data of lesser amt can be launched on the transmitting antenna of equal or a greater number.
28. the system of claim 25 also comprises:
Bit position calculator according to will be in the quantity that surpasses the other pilot sub-carrier of launching on the transmitting antenna of described predetermined quantity, be calculated the bit position indices of the bit that each bit puncturer will delete.
29. the machine accessible medium that instruction is provided when it is interviewed, makes machine carry out following operation:
Deleted bit from coded bit stream is so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of the transmitting antenna of predetermined quantity in a plurality of transmitting antennas; And
When the transmitting antenna that surpasses described predetermined quantity is used to launch, from the interleaving bits piece, optionally delete the other bit, so that be the pilot sub-carrier headspace of other transmitting antenna.
30. the machine accessible medium of claim 29, when it further was interviewed, wherein said instruction made described machine carry out following operation:
Optionally delete described other bit, to realize: the spacing between the order bit in the piece before interweaving is equal substantially.
31. the machine accessible medium of claim 30, when it further was interviewed, wherein said instruction made described machine carry out following operation:
Bit group after the described other bit of deletion is mapped to the subcarrier data code element of multi-carrier communications signals; And
The bit group after the described other bit of deletion is not mapped to the pilot sub-carrier of described multi-carrier communications signals.
32. the machine accessible medium of claim 31, when it further was interviewed, wherein said instruction made described machine carry out following operation:
From described coded bit stream equably after the deleted bit, give each the allocated code bit all in a plurality of spatial data;
Coded-bit to each spatial data of distributing carries out interleaving treatment; And
Described spatial data is carried out Space Time Coding, so that: the spatial data of lesser amt can be launched on the transmitting antenna of equal or a greater number,
Wherein, all carry out following steps: the described other bit of optionally deleting, described mapping and describedly do not shine upon in described a plurality of spatial data each.
33. the machine accessible medium of claim 30, when it further was interviewed, wherein said instruction made described machine carry out following operation:
According to will be in the quantity that surpasses the other pilot sub-carrier of launching on the transmitting antenna of described predetermined quantity, the bit position indices of the other bit that calculating will optionally be deleted.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/234,972 US7706455B2 (en) | 2005-09-26 | 2005-09-26 | Multicarrier transmitter for multiple-input multiple-output communication systems and methods for puncturing bits for pilot tones |
| US11/234,972 | 2005-09-26 | ||
| PCT/US2006/036981 WO2007038268A1 (en) | 2005-09-26 | 2006-09-21 | Multicarrier transmitter for multiple-input multiple-output communication systems and methods for puncturing bits for pilot tones |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101273600A true CN101273600A (en) | 2008-09-24 |
| CN101273600B CN101273600B (en) | 2013-07-17 |
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| CN2006800353064A Expired - Fee Related CN101273600B (en) | 2005-09-26 | 2006-09-21 | Multicarrier transmitter for multiple-input multiple-output communication systems and methods for puncturing bits for pilot tones |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7706455B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101273600B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE112006002532B4 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2443759B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007038268A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103155474A (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2013-06-12 | 马维尔国际贸易有限公司 | Tone reordering in a wireless communication system |
| CN107408951A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2017-11-28 | 三星电子株式会社 | Transmitter and its even-odd check method of replacing |
| CN107567692A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2018-01-09 | 三星电子株式会社 | Transmitter and its even-odd check method of replacing |
| CN109004979A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-14 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of implementation method of indoor visible light unipolarity ofdm communication system |
| US11196448B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2021-12-07 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Transmitter and parity permutation method thereof |
| US11239861B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2022-02-01 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Transmitter and parity permutation method thereof |
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| BRPI0515957A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2008-08-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | radio communication device and radio communication method |
| KR101084139B1 (en) | 2005-06-15 | 2011-11-17 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | method of transmitting pilot signal for DFT spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access system |
| EP2667558B1 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2015-02-18 | Fujitsu Limited | Control channel information transmission method, and base station and terminal using the same method |
| WO2007066973A2 (en) | 2005-12-06 | 2007-06-14 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Apparatus and method for transmitting data using a plurality of carriers |
| US8320487B2 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2012-11-27 | Broadcom Corporation | Method and system for adaptation between different closed-loop, open-loop and hybrid techniques for multiple antenna systems |
| CN101431357B (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2012-11-07 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Data transmission method and apparatus |
| US20090147735A1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-11 | Motorola, Inc. | System and method for non-standard wireless bandwidth communications |
| US8750407B2 (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2014-06-10 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Transmitter and method for transmitting soft pilot symbols in a digital communication system |
| US20090316840A1 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2009-12-24 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and systems for stc signal decoding using mimo decoder |
| US8781006B2 (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2014-07-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Link adaptation in multi-carrier communication systems |
| US8769365B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2014-07-01 | Blackberry Limited | Message rearrangement for improved wireless code performance |
| US9094164B2 (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2015-07-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and apparatus to improve channel estimation in communication systems |
| US10178651B2 (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2019-01-08 | Blackberry Limited | Method and system for uplink HARQ and CSI multiplexing for carrier aggregation |
| US10644839B2 (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2020-05-05 | Avago Technologies International Sales Pte. Limited | Codeword puncturing for varying code rates |
| FR3061028B1 (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-05-31 | Parrot Drones | DRONE A DYNAMIC DIVERSITY OF ANTENNAS |
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| WO1999012275A1 (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 1999-03-11 | Motorola Inc. | Adaptive power control of a pilot sub-channel |
| DE10030407B4 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2011-09-01 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for optimal rate adaptation in a mobile communication system |
| JP3636708B2 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2005-04-06 | サムスン エレクトロニクス カンパニー リミテッド | Apparatus and method for generating codes in a communication system |
| US6771706B2 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2004-08-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for utilizing channel state information in a wireless communication system |
| US7688899B2 (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2010-03-30 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for processing data for transmission in a multi-channel communication system using selective channel inversion |
| KR100507519B1 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2005-08-17 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Method and Apparatus for Signal Constitution for Downlink of OFDMA Based Cellular Systems |
| KR100526511B1 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2005-11-08 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Apparatus for transmitting/receiving pilot sequence in mobile communication system using space-time trellis code and method thereof |
| US7379417B2 (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2008-05-27 | Wipro Limited | Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing transmitter system and VLSI implementation thereof |
| EP1617610B1 (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2013-04-03 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for transmitting a pilot signal in a BWA communication system using a plurality of transmit antennas |
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-
2006
- 2006-09-21 WO PCT/US2006/036981 patent/WO2007038268A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-09-21 GB GB0802071A patent/GB2443759B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-09-21 DE DE112006002532.5T patent/DE112006002532B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-09-21 CN CN2006800353064A patent/CN101273600B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103155474A (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2013-06-12 | 马维尔国际贸易有限公司 | Tone reordering in a wireless communication system |
| CN103155474B (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2017-09-08 | 马维尔国际贸易有限公司 | Tone rearrangement in wireless communication system |
| CN107408951A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2017-11-28 | 三星电子株式会社 | Transmitter and its even-odd check method of replacing |
| CN107567692A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2018-01-09 | 三星电子株式会社 | Transmitter and its even-odd check method of replacing |
| CN107408951B (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2020-10-30 | 三星电子株式会社 | Transmitter and parity check permutation method thereof |
| US11196448B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2021-12-07 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Transmitter and parity permutation method thereof |
| US11239861B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2022-02-01 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Transmitter and parity permutation method thereof |
| US11711098B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2023-07-25 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Transmitter and parity permutation method thereof |
| US11777523B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2023-10-03 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Transmitter and parity permutation method thereof |
| CN109004979A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-14 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of implementation method of indoor visible light unipolarity ofdm communication system |
| CN109004979B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2021-06-15 | 西安理工大学 | Method for realizing indoor visible light unipolar OFDM communication system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0802071D0 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
| WO2007038268A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
| DE112006002532B4 (en) | 2017-09-21 |
| US7706455B2 (en) | 2010-04-27 |
| US20070071119A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
| CN101273600B (en) | 2013-07-17 |
| DE112006002532T5 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
| GB2443759B (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| GB2443759A (en) | 2008-05-14 |
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