CN101262604A - A telescopic video coding method for optimized transmission of interested area - Google Patents
A telescopic video coding method for optimized transmission of interested area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a scalable video coding method where a region of interest has transmission priority. In the method, the region of interest is treated with default setting or optionally chosen by a user at a receiving terminal during coding. The bit stream of an enhancement layer is treated in different manners according to the fact that whether an instruction is received from the region of interest (ROI) when the instruction is sent. If the instruction from the ROI is not received, the encoded bit stream is packed according to a preset order and an obtained channel bandwidth; if the instruction from the ROI is received, a coding and recoding module recodes after coding according to the position and the size of the region of interest and has the transmission priority so as to ensure that the region of interest of the user at the receiving terminal is more clear to improve the subjective quality of the video. When an encoded video streaming media is transmitted or a quasi-real-time video is transmitted by the scalable video coding method of the invention, the user at the receiving terminal can optionally choose the region of interest and the video effect of the region of interest can be greatly improved, therefore, not only precious transmission bandwidth resources is saved, but also the subjective quality of the video is improved.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to the area-of-interest prioritised transmission of a kind of video stream media transmission technology, particularly telescopic video Streaming Media.
(2) background technology
On wireless Rayleigh channel, utilize a kind of foreground extraction technology of cutting apart based on piece of low complex degree, more bits is distributed to foreground area, can effectively control the error code problem in the transmission of low rate two-way video.In the video conferencing system of multiple spot, utilization is to the method for region of interest domain code conversion, identify the participant who is in active state according to the kinetic characteristic in each split screen in the multi-path video stream of having encoded with each meeting sub-venue, reduce to be in the frame per second of the split screen of the participant in the inactive state dynamically, the Data Rate Distribution that saves can be in the split screen of the participant in the active state, have been improved the quality of video.
In addition, the research of area-of-interest and non-area-of-interest being carried out partition encoding has also obtained a lot of achievements in research.Document [M M Hannuksela; Y K Wang; M Gabbouj; Sub-picture:ROI coding andunequal error protection; IEEE 2002 International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP ' 2002) Rochester; New York; USA; Sept 2002; 537-540] in; area-of-interest is divided into subimage carries out absolute coding, and proposed a kind of Data Rate Distribution scheme of gradual change and, but do not provide the cutting apart of subimage according to, principle and method in conjunction with heavy safeguard measure such as non-.Under the application background of visual telephone and video conference, utilize neural network structure video sequence can be divided into area-of-interest and non-area-of-interest, and its performance can adapt to scene automatically to be switched, and has improved the subjective quality and the objective quality of video sequence.Region of interest edge macro block is adopted forced inner frame coding, can improve the region of interest particularly code efficiency and the quality of the region of interest of image motion complexity, the diffusion and the propagation of data noise have effectively been suppressed, and can improve the compression efficiency of region of interest video coding largely in Data Rate Distribution part, improve the flexibility and the validity of Data Rate Distribution.Give diverse location weight and motion weight setting area-of-interest by giving different macro blocks, change the macroblock encoding order, the macro block that the priority encoding weight is big can be realized Rate Control accurately, obtain level and smooth output code flow, improve the subjective quality of reconstructed image simultaneously.On the basis of MPEG4-FGS (Fine GranularScalable), improve the compression quality of region of interest area image enhancement layer by the method for bit plane lifting, but can not from the compression angle to area-of-interest particularly the video quality of the region of interest of image motion complexity improved, can not be based on the picture material more efficient use code check resource of reality.Determine the target area adaptively by extracting and analyze base layer motion vector, and the result is used for the selectivity enhancing at enhancement layer coding, can realize content-based enhancing and prioritised transmission interesting areas (target area).Under the constraints that waits quality, utilization is based on the MPEG-4 FGS enhancement layer Data Rate Distribution algorithm of area-of-interest, code check that can each frame enhancement layer of optimized distribution reduces the fluctuation of the reconstruction quality of area-of-interest between each frame, improves the subjective quality of video image.
Above-mentioned the whole bag of tricks has all been done preferably and has been worked, but the region of interest prioritised transmission is not combined with scalable video coding method.
(3) summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to scalable video coding method is combined with the area-of-interest prioritised transmission, provide a kind of scalable video transmission plan of area-of-interest prioritised transmission, when video stream media transmission of having encoded or video transmission quasi real time, the user of receiving terminal can freely select area-of-interest, and the video effect of area-of-interest is greatly improved, not only save valuable transmission bandwidth resource, and the scalable video coding method of a kind of region of interest prioritised transmission of the subjective quality of raising video.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Video sending end:
Video sending end mainly comprises the code stream that generates basic layer bit stream, the priority encoding of generation area-of-interest and utilizes two code streams to generate the packets operation:
Basic layer bit stream is to adopt H.264 encoder to the original image acquisition of encoding;
When transmitting terminal was not received the ROI signaling, transmitting terminal blocked according to the transmission bandwidth that obtains encoded enhancement data according to default interested preferential coding transmission order with it, break into corresponding packet then;
When transmitting terminal receives the ROI signaling, transmitting terminal will carry out according to the requirement of the ROI signaling recompile then of at first decoding, the ROI signaling has comprised the position and the size information of rectangle area-of-interest, transmitting terminal is encoded to following interested rectangular area according to the mode of raster scan then
Region (x, y) x
0≤ x＜x
0+ w and y
0≤ y＜y
0+ h
Wherein, (x0, y0) be the macro block coordinate in the upper left corner of area-of-interest, w and h are respectively the wide and high of area-of-interest, the ROI code stream that recompile produces substitutes original ROI code stream, and only comprise the information relevant with area-of-interest in the ROI code stream, remaining residue macro block no longer carries out recompile to save the transmission bandwidth of network;
The packet generation module reads basic layer bit stream and the preferential enhancement layer bitstream of area-of-interest, generates packet, and sends to receiving terminal; The packet generation module will at first read the code stream of basic layer; According to whether receiving that whether the decision of ROI signaling read the code stream of enhancement layer according to default regulation, when not receiving the ROI signaling, then read enhancement layer bitstream to adapt to the bandwidth of network then according to default order; And when receiving the ROI signaling, wait for that then enhancement layer decoder recodification module finishes the enhancement layer bitstream that reads priority encoding interested after the recompile;
Video receiver:
Video receiver mainly comprises ROI signaling, resolution data bag, the basic tomographic image sequence of decoding, the decoding enhancement layer that responds the user and generates the display image operation:
After receiving packet, the packet parsing module will be spliced to it in ROI enhancement layer bitstream of base layer stream or correspondence according to the code stream type in the packet;
Receiving terminal at first periodically carries out basic aspect code stream to generate the sequence of video images of basic layer, is that decoding to the ROI enhancement layer bitstream is to generate the image residual signals of enhancement layer then;
Generate and the display video image sequence by the image union operation at last.
Described default interested preferential coding adopts the spiral macro block scanning sequency of central area priority encoding.
The scalable video transmission method of area-of-interest prioritised transmission proposed by the invention is to realize by video sending end default settings or the exchange by packet between video sending end and the receiving terminal and ROI signaling.This method does not all have special requirement to the structure of encoder H.264, and only comprises the information relevant with area-of-interest in the ROI code stream.On the other hand, although this method is to be cost to decode and recompile in video sending end, to have introduced the certain calculation complexity, yet this computational complexity is not too high, has improved the subjective quality of video sequence greatly.
The present invention combines scalable video coding method just with the area-of-interest prioritised transmission, provided a kind of scalable video transmission plan of simple and convenient, practicable area-of-interest prioritised transmission.In the given scheme of the present invention, area-of-interest is the time to carry out default settings or freely selected by the user of receiving terminal at coding, and whether the transmitting terminal basis receives the region of interest domain signaling is carried out different disposal to enhancement layer bitstream.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on H.264 scalable video structure;
Fig. 2 is the encoding-decoding process figure of enhancement layer;
Fig. 3 is the scalable video transfer process schematic diagram of area-of-interest prioritised transmission;
The scanning sequency of macro block when Fig. 4 is conventional the coding;
Fig. 5 is the preferential spiral macro block scanning sequency in central area.
(5) embodiment
For example the present invention is done description in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
In the present invention, the area-of-interest in the scalable video scheme of area-of-interest prioritised transmission define dual mode, a kind ofly determine that another is that user by receiving terminal specifies when being coding by coding side.The central area of setting video image when coding is an area-of-interest.
H.264 You Yi compressed capability and the adaptive capacity of heterogeneous networks is become video transmission is used on the specific radio channel of inclement condition one preferred technique and the basis of other research work.What realize is a kind of coding structure of layer-stepping based on scalable video structure H.264, and its structure as shown in Figure 1.The codec of its basic layer is by realizing that H.264 the codec of enhancement layer is used for reference encoding and decoding oneself design of CAVLC.
The encoder utilization standard coders H.264 of basic layer.The decoder of basic layer then utilizes standard decoder H.264.The encoding-decoding process of enhancement layer as shown in Figure 2, and is similar with basic layer encoding-decoding process H.264.At first in base layer coder, extract the image residual signals between original image and the reconstructed image, then the residual signals that extracts is carried out enhancement layer coding.Enhancement layer coding at first carries out dct transform to residual signals, then the DCT coefficient is quantized, next carries out the scanning of " it " font, the coefficient that will obtain after will scanning at last carries out entropy coding, and entropy coding adopts the CAVLC coding method, but does some little changes; Decoding end is then at first decoded, and carries out counter-scanning, inverse quantization then, further the value of inverse quantization is carried out the DCT inverse transformation, with the image residual signals output that generates.In the end the stage is carried out the final output video sequence of compound generation with the image residual signals of enhancement layer output with the picture signal of basic layer output.
The present invention utilizes the design feature of telescopic video code stream, in conjunction with encoding region of interest, has designed a kind of video transmission scheme of area-of-interest prioritised transmission.In the process of video communication, under the narrow situation of communication bandwidth, receiving terminal begins to decode after receiving basic layer bit stream, and one group of rough video sequence is represented to the user; Under the comparatively well-to-do situation of communication channel, the preferential order of the area-of-interest of transmitting terminal during according to coding sends to receiving terminal with the code stream of enhancement layer, and receiving terminal is decoded and the enhancing of basic layer video sequence content accordingly; If the user selects an interesting areas and notifies transmitting terminal according to rough video sequence, after receiving user signaling, transmitting terminal will be decoded and carry out priority encoding and transmission according to user's area-of-interest again the code stream of enhancement layer.So, mutual by receiving terminal and transmitting terminal, the video sequence that the user obtains will comprise image of interest zone more clearly, to improve the subjective quality of video sequence.The telescopic video transmission method of this area-of-interest prioritised transmission will have good using value in video stream media transmission of having encoded and video transmission quasi real time.
Fig. 3 has stated the flow process of the scalable video transmission method of the area-of-interest prioritised transmission that is proposed, and at first introduces the priority encoding interested of the enhancement layer under the default situation, and then carries out the transfer process explanation from transmitting terminal and two aspects of receiving terminal respectively.
As previously mentioned, when enhancement layer coding, think that defaultly area-of-interest is positioned at the central area of image, and big more near its weight of central area.In the enhancement layer coding process, the priority of area-of-interest is embodied on the macroblock encoding order.In the cataloged procedure of routine, the scanning sequency of macro block adopts raster scan order, promptly as shown in Figure 4 by the line scanning of advancing.In order to embody the priority of central area, adopt the spiral macro block scanning sequency of central area priority encoding as shown in Figure 5.
The workflow of video sending end.The groundwork of video sending end comprises the code stream that generates basic layer bit stream, the priority encoding of generation area-of-interest and utilizes two code streams to generate several operations such as packet:
H.264 basic layer bit stream adopts encoder to the original image acquisition of encoding.
When transmitting terminal was not received the ROI signaling, transmitting terminal blocked according to the transmission bandwidth that obtains encoded enhancement data according to default interested preferential coding transmission order with it, break into corresponding packet then.
When transmitting terminal receives the ROI signaling, transmitting terminal will carry out according to the requirement of the ROI signaling recompile then of at first decoding.The ROI signaling has comprised the position and the size information of rectangle area-of-interest.Transmitting terminal is encoded to following interested rectangular area according to the mode of raster scan then.
Region (x, y) x
0≤ x＜x
0+ w and y
0≤ y＜y
0+ h
Wherein, (x0 y0) is the macro block coordinate in the upper left corner of area-of-interest, and w and h are respectively the wide and high of area-of-interest.The ROI code stream that recompile produces substitutes original ROI code stream, and only comprises the information relevant with area-of-interest in the ROI code stream, and remaining residue macro block no longer carries out recompile to save the transmission bandwidth of network.
The packet generation module reads basic layer bit stream and the preferential enhancement layer bitstream of area-of-interest, generates packet, and sends to receiving terminal.The packet generation module will at first read the code stream of basic layer; Then according to whether receiving that whether the decision of ROI signaling read the code stream of enhancement layer according to default regulation.When not receiving the ROI signaling, then read enhancement layer bitstream to adapt to the bandwidth of network according to default order; And when receiving the ROI signaling, wait for that then enhancement layer decoder recodification module finishes the enhancement layer bitstream that reads priority encoding interested after the recompile.
The workflow of video receiver.The work of video receiver mainly comprises the several operations such as ROI signaling, resolution data bag, the basic tomographic image sequence of decoding, decoding enhancement layer and generation display image that respond the user:
In video communication, according to user's interest, the user can specify the area-of-interest of a rectangle at any time, and feeds back to transmitting terminal by receiving terminal generation ROI signaling.
After receiving packet, the packet parsing module will be spliced to it in ROI enhancement layer bitstream of base layer stream or correspondence according to the code stream type in the packet.
Receiving terminal at first periodically carries out basic aspect code stream to generate the sequence of video images of basic layer, is that decoding to the ROI enhancement layer bitstream is to generate the image residual signals of enhancement layer then.
Generate and the display video image sequence by the image union operation at last.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of scalable video coding method of region of interest prioritised transmission is characterized in that:
Video sending end:
Video sending end mainly comprises the code stream that generates basic layer bit stream, the priority encoding of generation area-of-interest and utilizes two code streams to generate the packets operation:
Basic layer bit stream is to adopt H.264 encoder to the original image acquisition of encoding;
When transmitting terminal was not received the ROI signaling, transmitting terminal blocked according to the transmission bandwidth that obtains encoded enhancement data according to default interested preferential coding transmission order with it, break into corresponding packet then;
When transmitting terminal receives the ROI signaling, transmitting terminal will carry out according to the requirement of the ROI signaling recompile then of at first decoding, the ROI signaling has comprised the position and the size information of rectangle area-of-interest, transmitting terminal is encoded to following interested rectangular area according to the mode of raster scan then
Region (x, y) x
0≤ x＜x
0+ w and y
0≤ y＜y
0+ h
Wherein, (x0, y0) be the macro block coordinate in the upper left corner of area-of-interest, w and h are respectively the wide and high of area-of-interest, the ROI code stream that recompile produces substitutes original ROI code stream, and only comprise the information relevant with area-of-interest in the ROI code stream, remaining residue macro block no longer carries out recompile to save the transmission bandwidth of network;
The packet generation module reads basic layer bit stream and the preferential enhancement layer bitstream of area-of-interest, generates packet, and sends to receiving terminal.The packet generation module will at first read the code stream of basic layer; According to whether receiving that whether the decision of ROI signaling read the code stream of enhancement layer according to default regulation, when not receiving the ROI signaling, then read enhancement layer bitstream to adapt to the bandwidth of network then according to default order; And when receiving the ROI signaling, wait for that then enhancement layer decoder recodification module finishes the enhancement layer bitstream that reads priority encoding interested after the recompile;
Video receiver:
Video receiver mainly comprises ROI signaling, resolution data bag, the basic tomographic image sequence of decoding, the decoding enhancement layer that responds the user and generates the display image operation:
After receiving packet, the packet parsing module will be spliced to it in ROI enhancement layer bitstream of base layer stream or correspondence according to the code stream type in the packet;
Receiving terminal at first periodically carries out basic aspect code stream to generate the sequence of video images of basic layer, is that decoding to the ROI enhancement layer bitstream is to generate the image residual signals of enhancement layer then;
Generate and the display video image sequence by the image union operation at last.
2, the scalable video coding method of a kind of region of interest prioritised transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described default interested preferential coding adopts the spiral macro block scanning sequency of central area priority encoding.
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