具体实施方式 Detailed ways

本发明主要包括燃油供给和测量装置、配气与测量装置、排气装置、液体循环及测量装置、控制和数据采集装置，各部分的结构如附图所示。此外还有固定台18。车用液体燃油加热器20通过相应的支架用螺栓紧固在固定台18上。The present invention mainly includes fuel supply and measurement device, gas distribution and measurement device, exhaust device, liquid circulation and measurement device, control and data acquisition device, and the structures of each part are shown in the attached drawings. In addition, there is a fixed table 18 . The vehicle liquid fuel heater 20 is fastened on the fixed platform 18 with bolts through corresponding brackets.

如附图所示，燃油供给和测量装置包括依次连接在一起的燃油箱34、燃油阀门35、燃油滤清器36、燃油消耗测量仪33和燃油管32。试验时，液体燃油加热器20的燃油泵与燃油管32连接，燃油箱34里的燃油经燃油滤清器36过滤后进入燃油消耗测量仪33，再通过与燃油消耗测量仪33连接的燃油管32进入液体燃油加热器20的燃油泵。As shown in the drawings, the fuel supply and measuring device includes a fuel tank 34 , a fuel valve 35 , a fuel filter 36 , a fuel consumption measuring instrument 33 and a fuel pipe 32 which are sequentially connected together. During the test, the fuel pump of the liquid fuel heater 20 is connected to the fuel pipe 32, and the fuel in the fuel tank 34 is filtered by the fuel filter 36 and enters the fuel consumption measuring instrument 33, and then passes through the fuel pipe connected to the fuel consumption measuring instrument 33. 32 into the fuel pump of the liquid fuel heater 20 .

配气与测量装置包括依次连接在一起的鼓风机2、前置助燃风稳压箱4、电动助燃风流量调节阀5、助燃风流量计7、后置助燃风稳压箱8、助燃风管9和过渡软管10。鼓风机2的进风口装有电动助燃风进气量调节阀1。前置助燃风稳压箱4的进气端与鼓风机2相连，出气端与电动助燃风流量调节阀5相连。前置助燃风稳压箱4上安装有电动助燃风分流调节阀3。助燃风流量计7的进气端经其上游侧直管通过法兰盘与电动助燃风流量调节阀5相连。后置助燃风稳压箱8的进气端与助燃风流量计7的下游侧直管连接，后置助燃风稳压箱8上装有用于测取箱内压力的压力计6。助燃风管9通过法兰盘固定在后置助燃风稳压箱8上，助燃风管9可随不同型号的加热器而更换。试验时，液体燃油加热器20的助燃风进口与过渡软管10相连接。The gas distribution and measuring device includes a blower 2 connected in sequence, a front combustion air regulator box 4, an electric combustion air flow regulating valve 5, a combustion air flow meter 7, a rear combustion air regulator box 8, and a combustion air duct 9 and transition hose 10. The air inlet of the blower 2 is equipped with an electric combustion-supporting air intake volume regulating valve 1 . The air intake end of the front combustion-supporting air pressure stabilizing box 4 is connected with the blower 2 , and the gas outlet is connected with the electric combustion-supporting air flow regulating valve 5 . An electric combustion-supporting air shunt regulating valve 3 is installed on the front combustion-supporting air pressure stabilizing box 4 . The air intake end of the combustion-supporting air flowmeter 7 is connected to the electric combustion-supporting air flow regulating valve 5 through the straight pipe on its upstream side through a flange. The air intake end of the rear combustion-supporting air pressure stabilizing box 8 is connected with the downstream straight pipe of the combustion-supporting air flow meter 7, and the rear combustion-supporting air stabilizing box 8 is equipped with a manometer 6 for measuring the pressure in the box. The combustion-supporting air duct 9 is fixed on the rear combustion-supporting air pressure stabilizing box 8 through a flange, and the combustion-supporting air duct 9 can be replaced with different types of heaters. During the test, the combustion air inlet of the liquid fuel heater 20 was connected with the transition hose 10 .

排气装置包括排气管12和排气稳压箱14，排气管12连接在排气稳压箱14上。排气管12上安装有排气温度传感器19并设有用于测量废气成份与含量的废气分析取样口17。排气管12可随不同加热器而更换。排气稳压箱14的排气口安装有电动排气背压调节阀15，还安装有用于测量箱内压力的压力计16和带有用于放出排气稳压箱内污物的排污螺塞13。试验时，液体燃油加热器20的排气口通过排气管12与排气稳压箱14相连。The exhaust device includes an exhaust pipe 12 and an exhaust surge tank 14 , and the exhaust pipe 12 is connected to the exhaust surge tank 14 . An exhaust gas temperature sensor 19 is installed on the exhaust pipe 12 and an exhaust gas analysis sampling port 17 for measuring the composition and content of the exhaust gas is provided. The exhaust pipe 12 can be replaced with different heaters. The exhaust port of the exhaust regulator box 14 is equipped with an electric exhaust back pressure regulating valve 15, a pressure gauge 16 for measuring the pressure inside the tank and a drain screw plug for releasing the dirt in the exhaust regulator box. 13. During the test, the exhaust port of the liquid fuel heater 20 is connected to the exhaust pressure stabilizing tank 14 through the exhaust pipe 12 .

液体循环及测量装置包括进水管23、水流量计31、出水管30和混合水箱27。进水管23上装有进水温度传感器22，进水管23的进水端与水流量计31相连，水流量计31的上游侧直管连接到混合水箱27上。出水管30上装有进水温度传感器21，出水管30的出水端连接到混合水箱27的顶部。混合水箱27上还装有用于调节水温的电动冷水调节阀28、用于控制水位的溢水管26、水位控制阀29、用于放水的放水阀24及放水管25。溢水管26可保持混合水箱27内具有一定的水位(水压)和储水量。对于水流量较小的液体加热器，可通过打开水位控制阀29来实现较小的水位(水压)和储水量。水位控制阀29可根据需要设置一组，以实现各种水位(水压)和储水量的要求。供水可以是自来水，也可以是由溢水管26流入散热水池的回水(若建回水池的话)。试验时，液体燃油加热器20的水泵进口与进水管23的出水端连接，液体燃油加热器20的出水口与出水管30的进水端相连，出水管30将被加热器20加热的水引入混合水箱27内。The liquid circulation and measurement device includes a water inlet pipe 23 , a water flow meter 31 , a water outlet pipe 30 and a mixing water tank 27 . The water inlet temperature sensor 22 is housed on the water inlet pipe 23, and the water inlet end of the water inlet pipe 23 links to each other with the water flow meter 31, and the upstream side straight pipe of the water flow meter 31 is connected on the mixing water tank 27. The water inlet temperature sensor 21 is housed on the water outlet pipe 30 , and the water outlet end of the water outlet pipe 30 is connected to the top of the mixing water tank 27 . The electric cold water regulating valve 28 for regulating the water temperature, the overflow pipe 26 for controlling the water level, the water level control valve 29, the drain valve 24 and the drain pipe 25 for draining water are also housed on the mixing water tank 27. The overflow pipe 26 can keep a certain water level (water pressure) and water storage capacity in the mixing water tank 27. For the liquid heater with less water flow, a smaller water level (water pressure) and water storage capacity can be realized by opening the water level control valve 29. Water level control valve 29 can be provided with a group as required, to realize the requirement of various water levels (water pressure) and water storage capacity. Water supply can be tap water, also can be by overflow pipe 26 and flow into the return water of cooling pool (if build back pool). During the test, the water pump inlet of the liquid fuel oil heater 20 is connected to the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 23, and the water outlet of the liquid fuel oil heater 20 is connected to the water inlet of the water outlet pipe 30, and the water outlet pipe 30 is introduced into the water heated by the heater 20. In the mixing tank 27.

控制台37上安装有为液体燃油加热器提供可调压的直流稳压电源、电压表、电流表、温度表、压力表、流量表、风扇转速表、阀门开度表及各种操控按钮。控制台上的控制电路按常规通用电路布置。液体燃油加热器20的风扇转速传感器11以及本发明中的各温度传感器、压力计、流量计等均通过信号线与控制台37上的相应仪表连接，各电动阀门及车用液体加热器20的电源、电缆线也连接到控制台37上，控制台37上各仪表的电信号也经电缆线与数据采集装置38相连。数据采集装置38可采用可编程控制器(PLC)、微型计算机或工业计算机等。The console 37 is provided with adjustable DC power supply, voltmeter, ammeter, temperature gauge, pressure gauge, flowmeter, fan tachometer, valve opening gauge and various control buttons for the liquid fuel heater. The control circuit on the console is arranged according to the conventional general circuit. The fan speed sensor 11 of the liquid fuel heater 20 and each temperature sensor, pressure gauge, flow meter etc. among the present invention are all connected with the corresponding instrument on the console 37 by the signal line, each electric valve and the vehicle liquid heater 20 Power supply, cable are also connected on the console 37, and the electrical signals of each instrument on the console 37 are also connected with the data acquisition device 38 through the cable. The data acquisition device 38 can adopt a programmable logic controller (PLC), a microcomputer or an industrial computer and the like.

本发明的工作过程是：Working process of the present invention is:

通过控制台37上的起动按钮起动车用液体加热器20，在车用液体加热器20起动预热进入正常工作状态后，可根据实验目的进行不同的操作试验。对于正常的性能检测，试验时起动鼓风机2，通过点动控制台37上的按钮，分别调节鼓风机2上的助燃风进气量调节阀1、前置助燃风稳压箱4上的分流调节阀3和风量调节阀5，使后置助燃风稳压箱压力计6的压力值为零(即进气系统阻力为零)，另外，通过调整排气背压调节阀15使排气稳压箱压力计16的压力值也为零(即排气阻力为零)，然后便可进行性能检测：将废气分析仪取样管插入废气分析取样口17可测知加热器的排气成份及含量；通过对水流量计31、进出水温度数据采集可由计算机显示出加热器20的热功率；通过燃油消耗测量仪33可知加热器20的耗油量，并由耗油量和热功率可得知加热器20的热效率；由助燃风流量计7所给的空气流量和燃油消耗测量仪33所给的耗油量可知加热器20的空燃比(即油、气的混合气浓度)。对于研究性试验，可通过助燃风进气量调节阀1、助燃风分流调节阀3和助燃风流量调节阀5的配合调节，使后置助燃风稳压箱压力计6显示不同的正值或负值，即增大或减小助燃风的流量，获得不同空燃比状态下的加热器20排放值及热效率等数据。若调节排气背压阀15使排气稳压箱压力计16显示不同的值，即改变排气背压，便可得到在不同排气阻力下的加热器性能。通过控制台37上的可调压直流稳压电源调节加热器20水泵的电压，即改变水泵的转速，可获得不同水流量时的加热器性能。若通过冷水调节阀28调节混合水箱27的水温，便可得到在不同进水温度下的加热器性能。Start the vehicle fluid heater 20 by the start button on the console 37, and after the vehicle fluid heater 20 starts and warms up and enters the normal working state, different operation tests can be carried out according to the experimental purpose. For normal performance testing, the blower 2 is started during the test, and the combustion-supporting air intake volume regulating valve 1 on the blower 2 and the shunt regulating valve on the front combustion-supporting air regulator box 4 are respectively adjusted by pressing the button on the console 37 3 and the air volume regulating valve 5, so that the pressure value of the pressure gauge 6 of the post-mounted combustion-supporting air stabilizing tank is zero (that is, the resistance of the intake system is zero). In addition, by adjusting the exhaust back pressure regulating valve 15, the exhaust stabilizing box The pressure value of the pressure gauge 16 is also zero (that is, the exhaust resistance is zero), and then the performance test can be carried out: insert the exhaust gas analyzer sampling tube into the exhaust gas analysis sampling port 17 to measure the exhaust composition and content of the heater; The thermal power of the heater 20 can be displayed by the computer for the data collection of the water flow meter 31 and the temperature of the inlet and outlet water; the fuel consumption of the heater 20 can be known by the fuel consumption measuring instrument 33, and the heater can be known from the fuel consumption and the thermal power The thermal efficiency of 20; the air-fuel ratio (ie the mixture concentration of oil and gas) of the heater 20 can be known by the air flow given by the combustion-supporting air flowmeter 7 and the fuel consumption given by the fuel consumption measuring instrument 33. For the research test, the pressure gauge 6 of the post-mounted combustion air regulator box can display different positive values or A negative value means increasing or decreasing the flow rate of the combustion-supporting air to obtain data such as the emission value and thermal efficiency of the heater 20 under different air-fuel ratio states. If the exhaust back pressure valve 15 is adjusted so that the pressure gauge 16 of the exhaust surge tank displays different values, that is, the exhaust back pressure is changed, and the heater performance under different exhaust resistances can be obtained. By adjusting the voltage of the water pump of the heater 20 through the adjustable voltage DC stabilized power supply on the console 37, that is, changing the speed of the water pump, the performance of the heater at different water flows can be obtained. If the water temperature of the mixed water tank 27 is regulated by the cold water regulating valve 28, the heater performance at different inlet water temperatures can be obtained.