CN101240381A - Composite thinning for aluminum alloy units of low-pressure casting automobile wheel - Google Patents
Composite thinning for aluminum alloy units of low-pressure casting automobile wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101240381A CN101240381A CNA2007100200563A CN200710020056A CN101240381A CN 101240381 A CN101240381 A CN 101240381A CN A2007100200563 A CNA2007100200563 A CN A2007100200563A CN 200710020056 A CN200710020056 A CN 200710020056A CN 101240381 A CN101240381 A CN 101240381A
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- aluminium
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Abstract
The invention relates to a technique for complex refining aluminum alloy tissue for low-pressure casting automobile wheel, consisting of stirring device, alloying addition formula and adding technique. Under stirring condition, dried powdered B2O2, block-shaped Al - Zr interalloy a, Al-Sr interalloy and Al-Re interalloyre successively added, B2O3 reacts with aluminum liquid to form atom B, and with Al - Zr interalloy to form mini Al3Zr and ZrB granules, acting as heterogeneous nuclei for refining primary alpha phase; Sr and Re dissolved in aluminum liquid are for complex modifying silicon phase, and keeping long-term and stable modification effect. By using the method of the invention, the acquired aluminum alloy automobile wheel tissue is fine and uniform, as well as has mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The aluminium alloy melt that the present invention relates to a kind of units of low-pressure casting automobile wheel is handled, and is applied to produce the high-performance aluminium alloy automotive wheel.
Background technology
Automotive wheel is high speed rotary in the process of moving, and carrying the various complex stresses that vehicle weight, driving torque and Uneven road produce, require the wheel material that high strength, high elastic coefficient and high fatigue strength are arranged, to satisfy the security and the reliability requirement of automobile product regulation.Automotive wheel material original adoption steel plate welds rear the extruding by moulding and forms automotive wheel, because the manufacturing process complexity, quality weighs and the wheel surface quality can not satisfy the requirement that Hyundai Motor develops, and the automotive wheel material has replaced steel plate by aluminium alloy; Because in light weight, corrosion-resistant, normal temperature and low-temperature impact toughness and the good characteristics such as presentation quality that processing method is simple, good, the application of aluminium alloy on automotive wheel constantly increases, and surpasses 60% car by 2005 and used aluminum-alloy wheel.
The manufacture method of aluminum-alloy wheel has forging method and casting.The forging and pressing manufacture method of aluminum-alloy wheel has been utilized large-tonnage hot closed-die forging equipment, the inside wheel dense structure property height of acquisition, and defective is few, and mechanical property is good, has satisfied the service requirements of automotive wheel; But the investment of a complete set of forging equipment is all about 100,000,000 yuan, and the manufacturing cost height, adds the Forging Technology complexity, does not have the mass-producing Application Prospect economically.
The aluminum current alloy wheel extensively adopts low pressure casting method production, and alloy designations is A356.2.A356.2 is hypoeutectic al-si alloy, its silicon content is about 7%, its conventional organization is distributing thick bulk and needle-like silicon of inhomogeneous a interdendritic, the form of silicon causes the stress concentration phenomenon, reduced the sudden strains of a muscle such as the mechanical property such as tensile strength of aluminium alloy and percentage elongation and allowed plasticity, strengthen simultaneously hot tearing and shrinkage porosite tendency when solidifying, reduced the mechanical performance of aluminum-alloy wheel; For reducing the illeffects of irregular silicon form, in real work, adopt to add to contain the salt of sodium or contain the agent of strontium intermediate alloy iso-metamorphism the aluminium alloy solution is processed, to change distribution and the form of silicon in aluminium alloy; But under the working condition of low pressure casting, the aluminium alloy solution of handling well must keep stable modification effect could satisfy the uniformity of aluminum-alloy wheel performance within a certain period of time, and sodium salt and strontium alloy go bad and exist rotten decay.Simultaneously, thick uneven a dendrite can cause the hot cracking tendency of aluminum-alloy wheel, has increased shrinkage porosite, causes dense structure's property decline of aluminum-alloy wheel, often cause aluminium to close wheel and scrap because of gas leakage, thick uneven a dendrite has also caused the reduction of the mechanical property of aluminium alloy; Therefore aluminum-alloy wheel also has requirement to the form distribution of a dendrite.Desirable used for automobile wheels aluminum alloy organization should be made up of tiny uniform a dendrite and tiny uniform circle or oval silicon grain.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at automotive wheel the requirement of A356.2 alloy structure and the operational characteristic of low-pressure casting, design a kind of processing method of adding multiple alloying element, organize composite refining to handle to the A356.2 alloy, the tissue that acquisition is made up of tiny and uniform a dendrite and tiny and uniform vermiform or spherical silicon, reduce the scrap rate of production process, produce high-quality aluminum-alloy wheel.
For realizing such purpose, employing after smelting furnace fusing, pour into whipping appts subcontract, the aluminium alloy solution is being carried out refining degasification slagging-off, and add alloying element such as magnesium and adjust after the composition, under the condition of aluminium liquid surface coverage protectiveness fused salt, add the various alloys of refinement a dendrite and rotten silicon; Through stirring, obtain qualified aluminium alloy solution; Aluminium alloy liquid is poured the holding furnace of low-pressure casting stove into, makes aluminum alloy automobile wheel on air injection machine.The process technology scheme that content of the present invention is to select the alloying element of composite refining and obtains the thinning microstructure effect.
Concrete technical matters route of the present invention:
Select the alloy element and the carrier thereof of refinement a dendrite:, select Al through technological test by adding heterogeneous core crystallization nuclei when increasing aluminum alloy solidification
3Zr and ZrB finally form these two kinds of compositions as heterogeneous core, these two kinds of metallic compound fusing point height, and the tiny and highly dispersed of particle is distributed in the aluminium liquid; During aluminum alloy solidification,, and have long-acting, impel a dendrite of aluminum alloy casting tissue evenly tiny as forming core core refinement a dendrite.Select respectively B
2O
3With the aluminium zirconium hardener that contains Zr5% as adding carrier, the at first in proportion B of weighing constant weight
2O
3, 250 ℃ of oven dry in baking oven in the liquid aluminum alloy of subcontracting in being blown into by high pressure nitrogen, were stirred 5 minutes, so that B
2O
3Powdery and Al fully react, and generate the B atom and are dispersed in the aluminium liquid; The aluminium zirconium hardener that afterwards adding is block also stirred 10 minutes, discharged the Zr atom after the intermediate alloy fusing, generated the small Al of disperse distribution respectively at the reaction of the B in aluminium and the aluminium
3Zr and ZrB particle.
Select alloy element and the carrier of refinement silicon phase: select Sr and mishmetal as the silicon in the composite modifier refining aluminum alloy mutually, during A356.2 alloy generation eutectic freezing, the Sr atomic adsorption stops the growth of silicon on the surface of silicon phase, refinement is also so that the nodularization of silicon phase; Because Sr and the oxidation of water in air steam reaction, thereby cause the modification effect decline of the air-breathing and Sr of aluminium alloy, the adding establishment of rare earth element the oxidation reaction of Sr in the aluminium alloy, reduced the air-breathing of aluminium alloy liquid, prevented the rotten decline of Sr, reach long-acting rotten effect, satisfied the requirement of low-pressure casting process to aluminium alloy liquid.Select to contain the aluminium strontium master alloy and the aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy that contains 10% rare earth of strontium 10% respectively, pulverize frustillatum; Take by weighing a certain amount of two kinds of master alloys, after adding the zirconium aluminium intermediate alloy, earlier aluminium strontium master alloy is added aluminium liquid, stirred 2 minutes, and then the aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy is added aluminium liquid, stirred 10 minutes.
The aluminium liquid of the above-mentioned art breading of process has been finished the art breading of composite refining, can pour the low-pressure casting holding furnace into, and the aluminum-alloy wheel of production is organized tiny even, and mechanical property improves, and has eliminated the scrap rate that does not meet the demands and cause owing to mechanical property.
Technology of the present invention is simple, and cost is low, is composite refining aluminum alloy organization when realizing industrial production, improves the new technology of aluminum-alloy wheel mechanical property.
Description of drawings
For content of the present invention is more likely to be clearly understood, according to specific embodiment also by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in further detail below, wherein:
Fig. 1 subcontracts in of the present invention and the synoptic diagram of whipping appts
Among the figure: subcontract 2, crucible, 3, stirring vane, 4, heating element heater, 5, rotor, 6, breather pipe, 7, nitrogen tube, 8, powdery B 1,
2O
3, 9, charging box, 10, connecting hose, 11, drive belt, 12, stir support,
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure of not adopting aluminum-alloy wheel of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure of adopting the aluminum-alloy wheel of boron oxide and aluminium zirconium hardener refinement
Fig. 4 is the metallographic structure of only adopting the aluminum-alloy wheel of Al-Sr alloy modification
Fig. 5 adopts aluminium strontium of the present invention and aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy to implement the metallographic structure of aluminum-alloy wheel
Embodiment
With 550 kilograms of coal gas smelting furnace fusing A356.2 alloys, the temperature of aluminium liquid is controlled at 730 ℃-750 ℃, subcontract in pouring into, stirring-head 3 be inserted into from subcontract 2 bottom 300mm the position, the degasification and the deslagging agent that add 1kg respectively carry out the refining degasification, open nitrogen valve, nitrogen flow is controlled at 0.5-1.5m
3/ h, nitrogen pressure are at 0.8-1.5Mpa, and the rotating speed 600-800 of rotor 5 rev/min, the degasification time was at 12-16 minute.Aluminium liquid is static 10 minutes afterwards.
The B that adds now the oven dry of 5kg in the charging box
2O
3Powder 8 is opened nitrogen 7, nitrogen 7 and B
2O
3Powder 8 mixes, and under the pressure of nitrogen 7, nitrogen 7 and B
2O
3Powder 8 mixtures are by connecting hose 10, and breather pipe 6 enters aluminium liquid; Rotor 5 rotates with certain speed under the driving that drives belt 11, and band moving vane 3 stirs aluminium liquid, enters the B of aluminium liquid
2O
3Powder 8 and reactive aluminum, reaction equation is as follows: B
2O
3+ Al (1) → Al
2O
3+ B, the B atom that reaction generates is melted in the aluminium liquid; 7 forms with bubble of nitrogen exist in the aluminium liquid, and under buoyancy, the nitrogen bubble come-up is the Al that exists and generate in the aluminium liquid
2O
3Take aluminium liquid out of.In the situation of nitrogen 7 bubble floatings and stirring vane stirring, B
2O
3Fully react with Al, the B atom is evenly distributed in the aluminium liquid.Close nitrogen, continue to stir 5 minutes.
To in subcontract and add the block AlZr of 1kg
5(aluminium zirconium hardener), Zr are dissolved in the aluminium liquid, and a part of zirconium generates ZrB with the B reaction that is dissolved in the aluminium liquid, and a part of zirconium and reactive aluminum generate Al
3Zr, these two kinds of particle fusing point height are the highly dispersed distributions in aluminium liquid, in the aluminium alloy casting process of setting, as the heterogeneous nuclei of the nascent a phase of A356.2.Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure of not adopting aluminum-alloy wheel of the present invention, Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure of the aluminum-alloy wheel after the refinement in the middle of employing boron oxide and the aluminium zirconium, can obviously find out by contrast, adopt the interior mutually tiny and even distribution of a of tissue of automotive wheel of the present invention.
The AlSr that adds 0.75kg subsequently respectively
10The block AlRe of (aluminium strontium) alloy bar and 0.3kg (aluminium light rare earths) alloy, these two kinds of alloys dissolve in and discharge Sr atom and Re atom in the aluminium liquid respectively, under the stirring action of agitating vane 3, Sr and Re are evenly distributed in the aluminium liquid with atomic state, when aluminum alloy solidification generation eutectic reaction, be adsorbed on the surface of silicon phase, stop the growth of silicon phase.Fig. 4 only adopts to have strip and blocky silicon mutually in the aluminium alloy metallographic structure of Al-Sr alloy, and adopts the silicon of aluminium strontium master alloy and aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy to be tiny spherical distribution mutually.
The mechanical property of the aluminum alloy specimen of processing through the present invention is comprehensively improved, compare with thinning method with the rotten of routine, tensile strength rises to from 214Mpa and reaches 260Mpa, and yield strength rises to from 118Mpa and reaches 180Mpa, and percentage elongation then rises to 10% from 8%.
Claims (4)
1. the process of a composite refining units of low-pressure casting automobile wheel aluminum alloy organization is made up of with adding alloy formula and adding process agitating device.It is characterized in that under stirring condition, adding earlier the B of oven dry
2O
3Powder, fritter shape aluminium zirconium hardener, aluminium strontium intermediate alloy and aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy, B
2O
3The zirconium reaction that discharges with aluminium liquid reaction Generation of atoms B and aluminium zirconium hardener generates small Al
3Zr and ZrB particle play the nascent a phase of refinement as heterogeneous nuclei; The strontium that dissolves in the aluminium liquid plays composite inoculating silicon mutually with rare earth, and keeps long-acting stable metamorphism.
2. whipping appts according to claim 1, its agitating vane go deep into aluminium liquid bottom 300mm in the position of aluminium liquid, the mixing effect that it is good, and a material that has guaranteed aluminium liquid alloy reaction and generation thereof evenly obtains the composite inoculating effect of uniformity.
3. adding B according to claim 1
2O
3Method, the B of selection powdery
2O
3, through 250 ℃ of oven dry, subcontract in being blown into by elevated pressure nitrogen, stirred B 5 minutes
2O
3Fully react with aluminium and to discharge atom B and be dispersed in the aluminium liquid.
4. adding aluminium zirconium hardener according to claim 1, aluminium strontium master alloy and aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy method, select little blocky aluminium zirconium hardener, aluminium strontium master alloy and aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy, subcontract Shi Buting in the adding and stir, the zirconium of aluminium zirconium hardener discharge with aluminium liquid in the B reaction generate equally distributed small Al
3A Zr and ZrB material; Strontium that aluminium strontium master alloy and aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy discharge and rare earth uniform distribution in aluminium liquid works to suppress silicon and grows up mutually.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100200563A CN101240381A (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2007-02-09 | Composite thinning for aluminum alloy units of low-pressure casting automobile wheel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100200563A CN101240381A (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2007-02-09 | Composite thinning for aluminum alloy units of low-pressure casting automobile wheel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101240381A true CN101240381A (en) | 2008-08-13 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100200563A Pending CN101240381A (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2007-02-09 | Composite thinning for aluminum alloy units of low-pressure casting automobile wheel |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101758203A (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-06-30 | 郑东海 | Process for smelting and lower-pressure casting of aluminum alloy wheel hub |
| CN101967573A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-02-09 | 湖南金联星冶金材料技术有限公司 | Method for manufacturing aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy by alloying zirconium crumbs and aluminum at low temperature |
| CN102345023A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-02-08 | 江苏凯特汽车部件有限公司 | Method and apparatus for preparing semisolid slurry for automobile aluminium wheel through compound modification refinement and electromagnetic stirring |
| CN115141945A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-04 | 立中四通轻合金集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy coiled material with strontium content of more than 10wt% |
-
2007
- 2007-02-09 CN CNA2007100200563A patent/CN101240381A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101758203A (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-06-30 | 郑东海 | Process for smelting and lower-pressure casting of aluminum alloy wheel hub |
| CN101758203B (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2013-04-03 | 郑东海 | Process for smelting and lower-pressure casting of aluminum alloy wheel hub |
| CN101967573A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-02-09 | 湖南金联星冶金材料技术有限公司 | Method for manufacturing aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy by alloying zirconium crumbs and aluminum at low temperature |
| CN102345023A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-02-08 | 江苏凯特汽车部件有限公司 | Method and apparatus for preparing semisolid slurry for automobile aluminium wheel through compound modification refinement and electromagnetic stirring |
| CN115141945A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-04 | 立中四通轻合金集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy coiled material with strontium content of more than 10wt% |
| CN115141945B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2023-10-31 | 立中四通轻合金集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy coiled material with strontium content being more than 10wt% |
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