CN101235657A - Construction method of integrally formed house - Google Patents

Abstract

The construction method of the one-piece house of the present invention is characterized in that it is mainly based on steel structure, uses metal expansion mesh as a non-disassembly template, and uses small U-shaped steel as a skeleton to fix the outer wall of the building, controls the proportion and collapse of concrete materials during construction, from the first floor wall column, the second floor slab, the third floor wall column, the third floor slab to the roof, the stairwell, and the parapet, and the entire building structure is cast at one time; adopting the method of the present invention, the time consumption of the house construction process can be reduced to a minimum, so as to achieve the overall project with short construction period, low cost, long service life, large span, good environmental protection, easy casting, beautiful shape, good leakage prevention, strong earthquake resistance and low impact of cold weather on construction.

Description

Construction method of monolithic house

technical field

The invention relates to a construction method of a house, in particular to a construction method of an integrally formed house.

Background technique

At present, the construction methods of the house mainly include: 1. Construction by floor: after the steel structure is assembled, the construction of the wall is completed floor by floor with traditional formwork, reinforcement, grouting, and formwork removal. Interfaces of different materials are most prone to leakage. 2. The construction of the wall as pre-cast components: After the steel structure is assembled, the construction of the wall is constructed block by block with pre-cast plates, which belongs to point construction. Speed and interface are prone to problems. In a nutshell, the current construction method has the following defects: 1) long construction time and long construction period; 2) high cost; 3) short service life of the building; 4) small span; 5) leakage, not environmentally friendly; 6 ) The earthquake resistance is not good; 7) The impact of cold weather on construction is too great, etc.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a construction method for an integrally formed house. Using this method can save more than half of the man-hours for the structure, mainly for the invention of the interface between the horizontal construction and the vertical construction of the building, and for the invention of the load-bearing wall relative to the reinforced concrete shear wall. The present invention is mainly based on steel structures. The metal expansion net is a non-demolition formwork, and the small U-shaped steel is used as the skeleton to fix the outer wall of the building. The proportion and slump of the concrete material are controlled during construction. All the way to the roof, stairwell, and parapet, the whole building structure is cast in one time; the main path and time of the building construction process are minimized, and the overall project period is short, the cost is low, the service life is long, the span is large, and the environment is good. , easy pouring, beautiful shape, good leak-proof, earthquake-resistant high-quality buildings, and the cold zone can minimize the impact of weather on construction.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the construction method of the integrally formed house of the present invention comprises the following steps:

1. According to the traditional construction method, the order of excavation, footing, ground beam, floor, column, beam and plate is laid to complete the entire steel frame and floor plate;

2. Fix the small U-shaped steel as the skeleton, take the plane enclosed between the outer columns of the building and between the side beams and the side beams as the unit, and according to the designed wall thickness, the outer wall should be at least 10 cm away from the outer edge of the beam and column. , the inner wall is at least 5 cm into the beam and column surface, which is the minimum thickness requirement of the load-bearing wall; the non-load-bearing wall with a thickness of less than 15 cm requires at least the outer edge of the beam and column surface to be wrapped in the wall; the horizontal spacing of small U-shaped steel is 28 to 32 cm, In the horizontal direction, the bamboo joint reinforcement is spot-welded to form a fixed reinforcement, and the connection points between all steel shaped steel, small U-shaped steel, bamboo joint reinforcement, and non-demolition formwork are fixedly connected;

3. Fix the non-demolition formwork on the small U-shaped steel frame with self-tapping screws. The outer formwork can reach the height of the roof and form a whole wall from front to back. The wall is the construction unit;

4. Concrete pouring design requires ratio and slump, step by step along the exterior wall of the building; the exterior wall of each floor can be poured in 2 to 3 times according to the height of the floor, and the pouring is at the upper floor interface of the exterior wall Open-hole pouring, each pouring height and concrete ratio, slump and non-demolition template pores, and self-tapping screw pull-out force are all related parameters. The upper one-piece molding, the interior wall can also be operated in the same way; the continuous construction can meet the requirements of one-piece molding.

The dismantling-free formwork is fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame by self-tapping screws, or it can be laid and fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame first and then hung and fixed as the wall; the dismantling-free formwork is a 3mm-6mm thick steel plate roll Hanging on the automatic feeder, punching and shearing by the punching and shearing machine, and expanding the width from 30 cm to 45 cm or 60 cm by the expansion machine to form regular pores; the disassembly-free template can be cut into 45cm×250cm, 60cm×250cm, 45cm ×500cm or 60cm×500cm one by one free formwork.

The demolition-free formwork is a five-groove ribbed expanded metal mesh or a six-grooved ribbed metal expanded mesh.

The non-dismantling formwork and the small U-shaped steel are fixed by self-tapping screws, and the connection points between other steel materials, small U-shaped steels, bamboo steel bars, and the non-dismantling formwork are connected by spot welding.

The present invention is a breakthrough in the integration of horizontal construction and vertical construction technology of building construction, and the overall construction is integrally formed; the continuous construction of concrete with high water-tightness is used, there is no interface of different materials, and there is no interface with discontinuous time, which overcomes the biggest problem of traditional construction. Leakage flaws reach perfection. At the same time, the invention of using the demolition-free formwork as a structural load-bearing wall: according to the design of the shear wall, the steel content per unit area of the wall is compared with the equivalent of RC, and it has a better effect.

By adopting the method of the present invention, the time consumption of the building construction process can be reduced to the minimum, and the overall construction period is short, the cost is low, the service life is long, the span is large, the environment is good, the pouring is easy, the shape is beautiful, the leakage is good, and the earthquake resistance is strong And the impact of cold weather on construction is low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an isometric view from the outside to the inside of the wall of the exterior wall unit of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an isometric view from the inside to the outside of the wall of the exterior wall unit of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a diagram of the relationship between the skeleton and the steel structure of the present invention, an isometric view from the outside to the inside;

Fig. 4 is a diagram of the relationship between the skeleton and the steel structure of the present invention, an isometric view from inside to outside;

Fig. 5 is a diagram of the relationship between the external formwork and the skeleton of the present invention, that is, the entire seamless external wall, an isometric view from the outside to the inside;

Fig. 6 is a diagram of the relationship between the external formwork and the skeleton of the present invention, that is, the entire seamless external wall, an isometric view from the inside to the outside;

Fig. 7 is a diagram of the relationship between the internal free formwork and the skeleton of the present invention, that is, the whole piece of seamless exterior wall, isometric view from outside to inside;

Fig. 8 is a diagram of the relationship between the internal free formwork and the skeleton of the present invention, that is, the whole piece of seamless external wall, isometric view from the inside to the outside;

Fig. 9 is a side column diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is an angle column diagram of the present invention;

Figure 11 is an opening view of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is the small U-shaped steel schematic diagram that the present invention uses;

Fig. 13 is the exempt formwork used in the present invention---five-groove ribbed metal expanded mesh;

Fig. 14 is the non-demolition formwork used in the present invention—six-groove ribbed expanded metal mesh.

The numerical symbols of the above-mentioned accompanying drawings are explained as follows:

01. Building side columns

02. Building side beams

03. The inner U-shaped steel of the small U-shaped steel skeleton of the outer wall of the building

04. The outer U-shaped steel of the small U-shaped steel skeleton of the building's outer wall

05. Connecting steel sheet of inner and outer U-shaped steel

06. Inner U-shaped steel horizontally connected bamboo steel bars

07. Bamboo-joint steel bars connected horizontally by outer U-shaped steel

08. The outer U-shaped steel connection is fixed to the bamboo steel bar of the side beam

09. External free formwork

10. No need to disassemble the formwork inside

11. The self-tapping screw is fixed to the small U-shaped steel through the groove of the free formwork

12. The inner U-shaped steel and the beam are fixed by spot welding

13. The outer U-shaped steel connection is fixed to the bamboo steel bar of the side column

14. Concrete

15. Cement mortar painting

16. Painted or other decorative finishes

17. Directly connect the small U-shaped steel and the shaped steel by spot welding of bamboo joints

18. Reinforcing bamboo bars at window openings

19. windows

20. Reinforcing bamboo bars at the opening of the portal

21. Portal

22. Reinforcing bamboo steel bars at the corners

Detailed ways

Example 1

The construction method of the integrally formed house of the present invention comprises the following steps:

A. According to the traditional construction method, the order of excavation, footing, ground beam, floor, column, beam and plate is laid to complete the entire steel frame and floor plate;

B. Fix the small U-shaped steel as the skeleton, take the plane surrounded by the outer column and the outer column of the building, and the side beam and the side beam as the unit. According to the designed wall thickness, the outer wall is 10 cm away from the outer edge of the beam and column surface. The inner wall is 5 cm into the beam column surface; the non-load-bearing wall with a thickness of less than 15 cm requires at least the outer edge of the beam column surface to be wrapped in the wall; the horizontal spacing of small U-shaped steel is 28 cm, and the horizontal direction is spot-welded with bamboo steel bars to form fixed bars. The dismantling-free formwork and the small U-shaped steel are fixed by self-tapping screws, and the connection points between other steel materials, the small U-shaped steel, bamboo steel bars, and the dismantling-free formwork are connected by spot welding;

C. Fix the non-dismantling formwork on the small U-shaped steel frame with self-tapping screws. The outer formwork can reach the height of the roof, and form a whole wall from front to back. The wall is the construction unit;

D. Concrete pouring design requires ratio and slump step by step along the exterior wall of the building; the exterior wall of each floor can be poured in two times according to the height of the floor, and holes are opened at the upper floor interface of the exterior wall during pouring For pouring, the height of each pouring and concrete ratio, slump, pores of the non-demolition template, and the pulling force of self-tapping screws are all related parameters. Forming, the interior wall can also be operated in the same way; continuous construction can meet the requirements of one-piece molding.

The dismantling-free formwork is fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame with self-tapping screws, or it can be laid and fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame first and then hung and fixed as the wall; the dismantling-free formwork is a 3mm thick steel plate hanging on the On the automatic feeder, the regular pores are formed after being punched and sheared by the punching and shearing machine and then expanded from 30 cm to 45 cm in width by the expansion machine.

The demolition-free formwork is a five-groove ribbed expanded metal mesh.

Example 2

The construction method of the integrally formed house of the present invention comprises the following steps:

A. According to the traditional construction method, the order of excavation, footing, ground beam, floor, column, beam and plate is laid to complete the entire steel frame and floor plate;

B. Fix the small U-shaped steel as the skeleton, take the plane surrounded by the outer column and the outer column of the building, and the side beam and the side beam as the unit. According to the designed wall thickness, the outer wall is 12 cm away from the outer edge of the beam and column surface. The inner wall is 6 cm into the beam column surface; the non-load-bearing wall with a thickness of less than 15 cm requires at least the outer edge of the beam column surface to be wrapped in the wall; the horizontal spacing of small U-shaped steel is 30 cm, and the horizontal direction is spot-welded with bamboo steel bars to form fixed bars; The dismantling-free formwork and the small U-shaped steel are fixed by self-tapping screws, and the connection points between other steel materials, the small U-shaped steel, bamboo steel bars, and the dismantling-free formwork are connected by spot welding;

C. Fix the non-dismantling formwork on the small U-shaped steel frame with self-tapping screws. The outer formwork can reach the height of the roof, and form a whole wall from front to back. The wall is the construction unit;

D. Concrete pouring design requires ratio and slump step by step along the exterior wall of the building; the exterior wall of each floor is poured three times according to the height of the floor. Casting, each pouring height and concrete ratio, slump and non-demolition template pores, and the pulling force of self-tapping screws are all related parameters. After the wall is completed, the floor plate connected to the upper floor is cast, so that it is formed one by one from floor to floor. , the interior wall can also be operated in the same way; continuous construction can meet the requirements of one-piece molding.

The dismantling-free formwork is fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame with self-tapping screws, or it can be laid and fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame first and then hung and fixed as the wall; the dismantling-free formwork is a 6mm thick steel plate coil hanging on On the automatic feeder, regular pores are formed after being punched and sheared by the punching and shearing machine and expanded from 30 cm in width to 45 cm by the expansion machine.

The dismantling-free formwork is a six-groove ribbed expanded metal mesh.

Example 3

The construction method of the integrally formed house of the present invention comprises the following steps:

A. According to the traditional construction method, the order of excavation, footing, ground beam, floor, column, beam and plate is laid to complete the entire steel frame and floor plate;

B. Fix the small U-shaped steel as the skeleton, take the plane surrounded by the outer column and the outer column of the building, and the side beam and the side beam as the unit. According to the designed wall thickness, the outer wall is 14 cm away from the outer edge of the beam and column surface. 7 cm into the beam column surface of the inner wall is the minimum thickness requirement of the load-bearing wall; the non-load-bearing wall with a thickness of less than 15 cm requires at least the outer edge of the beam column surface to be wrapped in the wall; the horizontal spacing of small U-shaped steel is 32 cm, and the horizontal direction is made of bamboo The section steel bars are spot-welded into fixed bars; the non-demolition formwork and the small U-shaped steel are fixed by self-tapping screws, and the connection points between other steel materials such as section steel, small U-section steel, bamboo joint steel bars, and the non-demolition formwork are connected by spot welding catch;

C. Fix the non-dismantling formwork on the small U-shaped steel frame with self-tapping screws. The outer formwork can reach the height of the roof and form a whole wall from front to back. The wall is the construction unit;

D. Concrete pouring design requires ratio and slump step by step along the exterior wall of the building; the exterior wall of each floor can be poured in two times according to the height of the floor, and holes are opened at the upper floor interface of the exterior wall during pouring For pouring, the height of each pouring and concrete ratio, slump, pores of the non-demolition template, and the pulling force of self-tapping screws are all related parameters. Forming, the interior wall can also be operated in the same way; continuous construction can meet the requirements of one-piece molding.

The dismantling-free formwork is fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame with self-tapping screws, or it can be laid and fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame first and then hung and fixed as the wall; the dismantling-free formwork is a 4.5mm thick steel plate hanging on a coil On the automatic feeder, regular pores are formed after being punched and sheared by the punching and shearing machine and then expanded from 30 cm in width to 60 cm by the expansion machine.

The demolition-free formwork is a five-groove ribbed metal expansion net;

Example 4

The construction method of the integrally formed house of the present invention comprises the following steps:

A. According to the traditional construction method, the order of excavation, footing, ground beam, floor, column, beam and plate is laid to complete the entire steel frame and floor plate;

B. Fix the small U-shaped steel as the skeleton, take the plane surrounded by the outer column and the outer column of the building, and the side beam and the side beam as the unit. According to the designed wall thickness, the outer wall is 16 cm away from the outer edge of the beam and column surface. The inner wall should be at least 8 cm into the beam column surface; the non-load-bearing wall with a thickness of less than 15 cm requires at least the outer edge of the beam column surface to be wrapped in the wall; the horizontal spacing of small U-shaped steel bars is 30 cm, and the bamboo joint steel bars are spot-welded to form fixed bars in the horizontal direction ; The dismantling-free formwork and the small U-shaped steel are fixed by self-tapping screws, and the connection points between other steel materials such as steel, small U-shaped steel, bamboo steel bars, and dismantling-free formwork are connected by spot welding;

C. Fix the non-dismantling formwork on the small U-shaped steel frame with self-tapping screws. The outer formwork can reach the height of the roof, and form a whole wall from front to back. The wall is the construction unit;

D. Concrete pouring design requires ratio and slump step by step along the exterior wall of the building; the exterior wall of each floor can be poured in two times according to the height of the floor, and holes are opened at the upper floor interface of the exterior wall during pouring For pouring, the height of each pouring and concrete ratio, slump, pores of the non-demolition template, and the pulling force of self-tapping screws are all related parameters. Molding, interior walls can also be operated in the same way; continuous construction meets the requirements of integral molding.

The dismantling-free formwork is fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame with self-tapping screws, or it can be laid and fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame first, and then hung and fixed as the wall; the dismantling-free formwork is a 35 thick steel plate hanging on On the automatic feeder, regular pores are formed after being punched and sheared by the punching and shearing machine and then expanded from 30 cm to 60 cm in width by the expansion machine.

The dismantling-free formwork is a six-groove ribbed expanded metal mesh.

Claims (4)

1. The construction method of integral molding house, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:. 1) According to the traditional construction method, the order of excavation, footing, ground beam, floor, column, beam and plate is laid to complete the laying of the entire steel frame and floor plate; 2) Fix the small U-shaped steel as the skeleton, take the plane enclosed between the outer columns of the building and between the side beams and the side beams as the unit, and according to the designed wall thickness, the outer wall should be at least 10 cm away from the outer edge of the beam and column surface , the inner wall is at least 5 cm into the beam and column surface, which is the minimum thickness requirement of the load-bearing wall; the non-load-bearing wall with a thickness of less than 15 cm requires at least the outer edge of the beam and column surface to be wrapped in the wall; the horizontal spacing of small U-shaped steel is 28 to 32 cm, In the horizontal direction, the bamboo joint reinforcement is spot-welded to form a fixed reinforcement, and the connection points between all steel shaped steel, small U-shaped steel, bamboo joint reinforcement, and non-demolition formwork are fixedly connected; 3) Fix the non-demolition formwork on the small U-shaped steel frame with self-tapping screws. The outer formwork can reach the height of the roof and form a whole wall from front to back. The wall is the construction unit; 4) Pour the concrete with the ratio and slump required by the design, and proceed step by step along the exterior wall of the building; the exterior wall of each floor can be poured in 2 to 3 times according to the floor height, and the pouring is at the upper floor interface of the exterior wall Open-hole pouring, each pouring height and concrete ratio, slump and non-removable formwork pores, and the pulling force of self-tapping screws are all related parameters. The upper one-piece molding, the interior wall can also be operated in the same way; the continuous construction can meet the requirements of one-piece molding. 2. The construction method of an integrally formed house according to claim 1, characterized in that: the non-dismantling formwork is fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame by self-tapping screws, or it can be laid and fixed on the small U-shaped steel frame first and then Hanging and fixing to the wall; the dismantling-free template is a 3mm~6mm thick steel plate coil hung on the automatic feeder, punched and sheared by the punching and shearing machine, and expanded from 30 cm to 45 cm or 60 cm by the expansion machine to form a rule Pores: The dismantling-free formwork can be cut into pieces of 45cm×250cm, 60cm×250cm, 45cm×500cm or 60cm×500cm. 3. The construction method of an integrally formed house according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the non-demolition formwork is five-grooved ribbed expanded metal mesh or six-grooved ribbed metal expanded mesh. 4. The construction method of an integrally formed house according to claim 1, characterized in that: the non-demolition formwork and the small U-shaped steel are fixed by self-tapping screws, and other steel materials such as shaped steel, small U-shaped steel, bamboo joint steel bars, and non-demolition-free formwork are fixed. The connection points between the formworks are connected by spot welding.

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