Ecological slope protection vegetation building block and preparation method and construction technology
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of revetment concrete block, relate in particular to a kind of ecological slope protection vegetation building block and preparation method and construction technology.
Background technology
At present, surface, city 80% above area is covered by the building concrete road surface.Make the temperature in urban district higher 2~3 ℃, produce so-called " heat conduction " than suburb and rural area.Along with the progress of science and technology, human in daily engineering construction the requirement to the harmony that keeps environment and nature also more and more higher.Rainwater can not permeate the ground for a long time, causes the urban groundwater position to descend, and influences the ground surface plant growing, and city's green areas is few, and the result causes the urban ecological system imbalance.In hydraulic engineering construction, river levee adopted concrete products in the past mostly, and the cold dull gray of this material is heavy, lacked gas permeability and water permeability, often caused the river ecological environment damage when having strengthened the dyke revetment.The concrete quality is crisp hard, rough surface and be strong basicity, and haptic effect is poor.Concrete color is gloomy simultaneously, and visual effect lacks life.Give thick, hard, cold, dark sensation by the living space that concrete material is constructed.The green concrete revetment has also appearred in recent years, provide certain approach for solving security protection and environment harmony, but this common green concrete protects piece exists following defective: the whole non-fine concrete that adopts of green concrete in the past, in non-fine concrete, fill nutrition soil, made concrete block porosity is controlled at 25%-30%, can only satisfy the growth needs of small-sized water plant, and can not provide the aquatic macrophyte growth required condition.Green concrete was applied in the continuity effect of having played territory, land and water, river to a certain extent in the past.But by institute's growing plant type is restricted thereon, so can't form the continuity of plant.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that above-mentioned ground surface plant growing exists, a kind of environment that improves is provided, ecology recovering, increase the natural harmony aesthetic feeling, can plant vegetation and can plant kind of a plant again, be beneficial to ecological slope protection vegetation building block and preparation method and construction technology that aquatile perches existence.
The developing history of water conservancy is long, and by the safety guarantee of hydraulic engineering construction acquisition flood control, drought resisting, the revetment of river levee adopts concrete material and concrete products mostly in the hydraulic engineering construction.Waters and land-based area are continuous, between waters and land-based area, exist intermediate zone, it is the zone of fluctuation in stage, form the conitnuous forms of " waters-wetland-land " generally, the continuity of waters and land-based area has guaranteed the continuity and the biological corridor of water, the land ecosystem, yet concrete density causes waters and land-based area continuity destroyed.
Usually the municipal sewage plant is to serve as the processing object with industry and city domestic sewage, and the water quality of water outlet is secondary standard, and the river in the city of flowing through, the water quality of lake water are commonly five classes or bad five classes, are not suitable for setting up Wastewater Treatment Plant and carry out sewerage treatment.The technology of Cai Yonging generally is divided three classes in the world: 1. chemical method: kill algae as adding chemical agent, add molysite promote phosphorus precipitation, add lime denitrogenation etc., but easily cause secondary pollution; 2. physical method: dredge bed mud, diversion and dash and become silted up etc., but often cure the symptoms, not the disease; 3. ecology-biological method: being the very fast a kind of new technology of development in recent years, is to go to recover natural original looks according to the nature self-law, strengthens the self-purification capacity of nature self and removes to administer contaminated water body.Root system by plant filters and absorbs pollutant in the sewage, and this technology is apparent in view to the clean-up effect of eutrophication water quality.
Pave the slope-protecting vegetation building block in tide wall, flood spillway, slope, inclined-plane protection, exhaust system, greenery patches, improve and reinforce the biological mask and the engineering mask of water conservancy, traffic, railway, mine, afforestation of city, desert engineer, prevent the soil avalanche.On water bank bank protection, pave the slope-protecting vegetation building block, utilize the root system of plant of the growth bed body of slope-protecting vegetation building block and plantation to filter and absorb pollutant in the sewage, remove main nutrients of nitrogen, P elements in the eutrophication water, to the heavy metal element that is difficult in the sewage degrade, certain suction-operated is arranged also.On paving, utilize the difformity of slope-protecting vegetation building block and plant various plants, flowers and lawn performance pattern, literal, identifier etc. improve environmental landscape.
Concrete quality is crisp hard, rough surface, and be strong basicity, and give people's thick, hard, cold, the dark sensation in living space, haptic effect is poor, and concrete color is gloomy, and visual effect lacks life.Along with the pay attention to day by day of countries in the world to ecological environment, but, protection environment ecological improving, beautify, the coordination of greening, man-made tourist site and natural landscape becomes the developing direction of plant cover concrete.Therefore, break through the scope of traditional building material, but develop the concrete block of vegetation, seek and natural harmony, become one of developing direction of concrete block.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Building block by growth bed body, protect frame, planting groove, vegetable layer, kind plant and form, the surrounding parcel of growth bed body protects frame, the last plane of growth bed body is lower than the last plane of protecting frame and is concave shaped, on growth bed body, constitute vegetable layer, the sectional area that protects frame is selected at least a in triangle, rectangle, circle, polygon, the ellipse for use, growth bed body matches with the inwall that protects the frame sectional area and constitutes holistic building block, and growth bed body is made up of cement, coarse aggregate, fines, Admixture, polymer, chemical fibre and water.
Form the space between the coarse aggregate of growth bed body, protect frame and around growth bed body, safeguard growth bed body, protect frame and growth bed body and constitute unit, a growing space, protect different sectional area shape and the sizes of frame design according to actual needs, protect frame and the growth bed bodily form is in aggregates, on growth bed body, vegetable layer is set, the corresponding vegetation kind plant of plantation in vegetable layer.
Cement 230-260 part, coarse aggregate 1400-1700 part, flyash 20-25 part, Admixture 0.46-0.80 part, polymer 6-10 part, chemical fibre 0.9-1.2 part, water 60-75 part.
Cement adopts 525
#Portland cement, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is 20-40mm, more than at least a kind, fines adopts fine sand, flyash, particle diameter is less than 1.8mm, more than at least a kind, Admixture adopts calcium lignin sulfonate water depressor, UNF-2 type water reducing agent, UNF-5 type water reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent, at least a kind, polymer adopts ZV type concrete repair glue, the TG adhesive for building, 107 adhesive for building, at least a kind, chemical fibre adopts polypropylene fibre, and growth bed recuperating protected compressive strength 15-18Mpa after the moulding, porosity 25-30%, plant afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12) root system pass growth bed body from the space of growth bed body and take root in ground.
The present invention adopts concrete aggregate and polypropylene fibre, be added in the concrete products that constitutes with cement, rubble, UNF-2 water reducing agent, not only reduced the alkalescence in the concrete, enable to adapt to plant growing, do not destroy simultaneously concrete molecular structure, improve ageing resistance, keep the stability of pH value.The root system of vegetation vegetation in growth course passes growth bed body from the space of growth bed body and takes root in the ground surface, reinforces surface layer.
At least 1 above planting groove is set on the growth bed body, and planting groove connects growth bed body, and the sectional area of planting groove is selected at least a in triangle, rectangle, circle, polygon, the ellipse for use.
Several planting grooves are set on growth bed body according to actual needs, and it is the direct and ground communication of kind plant energy that makes in the planting groove that planting groove connects growth bed body, and the root system of planting plant directly extend into darker ground surface and takes root, and further reinforces ground surface.The shape of the sectional area of planting groove and size will be fit to be planted in plants plant in the planting groove.
Protect frame and form, cement 260-300 part, coarse aggregate 1350-1650 part, fines 20-25 part, Admixture 0.5-0.9 part, water 60-80 part by cement, coarse aggregate, fines, Admixture and water; Cement adopts 525
#Portland cement, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is 10-15mm, more than at least a kind, fines adopts fine sand, flyash, and particle diameter is less than 1.8mm, more than at least a kind, Admixture adopts calcium lignin sulfonate water depressor, UNF-2 type water reducing agent, UNF-5 type water reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent, at least a kind, protect frame maintenance moulding after compressive strength greater than 20Mpa.
Protect frame and growth bed body and constitute unit, a growing space; protect frame and the growth bed bodily form is in aggregates; the compressive strength of protecting frame is higher than growth bed body; protect frame and live growth bed body and vegetable layer in the maintenance all around of growth bed body; in addition; protect frame and also play the soil erosion that prevents on the growth bed body, protection vegetation and kind plant can normal growths.
Building block is on the ground applied in the shop, in the planting groove of growth bed body, transplant kind of a plant, the root system of planting plant runs through the planting groove transplanting of building block in ground, planting plant is xylophyta and water plant, xylophyta is tangerine tree, peach, willow, willow, more than at least a kind, water plant is reed, umbrella grass, Monochoria korsakowii, common calla, wild taro, wilson iris, Lythrum salicaria, skirret, cattail, Scirpus tabernaemontani, canna, more than at least a kind.
The corresponding kind of plantation plant in the planting groove of building block can be planted xylophyta more than the waterline, as tangerine tree, peach, willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, mulberry tree, elm, lime tree or the like according to actual needs; Underwater can be planted amphibious emergent aquactic plant, as deer horn iron imperial crown, red triquetrousc murdannia herb, purple gorgeous willow, safflower bladderwort, Rotala sp, the short pearl of deer horn, the green loose tail of reddish tone, suitable border grass, color leaf peppermint, safflower bladderwort, purple black green pepper, ripple Ye Taiyanglin, purplely gorgeously tell pearl, gold thread triangle leaf flower waterborne, butterfly lotus, burn red, lip cloves sunset, pink head, red umbrella, red sun sprouting, black bamboo accent, purplish red needle willow, emerald pearl pearl tongue, purplish red little roundleaf, sloping Livia chrysanthemum essence or the like.
Fill base-material by perfusion in the space that forms between the coarse aggregate on the growth bed body of building block, the filling base-material is full of the space of growth bed body, filling base-material is mixed by farm manure, flyash and planting soil, the weight ratio of farm manure, flyash and planting soil is 1: 3: 20, satisfies the needs of the vegetable seeds growth nutrient of vegetable layer.
Fill base-material and be the nutrient that the perfusion plant growing needs in the space of growth bed body of building block, supply with the vegetable seeds of giving vegetable layer, filling base-material is to be mixed by farm manure, flyash and planting soil, can satisfy the nutrient of needs in the vegetable seeds growth.
The vegetable seeds of the vegetable layer bottom sowing afforestation vegetation that is provided with on the growth bed body of building block or the vegetable seeds of water plant, the vegetable seeds upper berth of the vegetable seeds of afforestation vegetation or water plant the sheath of setting up defences, form the space of plant seed germination, prevent that simultaneously too fast the and vegetable seeds of water evaporates in the growth bed body is scattered.
The last plane of protecting frame is higher than the last plane formation vegetable layer of growth bed body, sows vegetable seeds as required, on the vegetable seeds overcoat is set then, be convenient to preserve after in factory, making, deposit unrestrictedly, help being transported to the job site, enter the job site and get final product constructing operation from factory.
Afforestation vegetation in the vegetable layer adopts rye grass, annual bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, fescue grass, Korea lawn grass, buffalograss, eremochloa ophiuroides, the stem or leaf of cattail, Festuca Arundinacea, U.S.'s beach grass, Bermuda grass, more than at least a kind.
Plant afforestation vegetation in the vegetable layer of the above building block of waterline, form the greenery patches, improve view, the lawn of formation is uniform, utilizes the vegetable layer of building block neatly regular, adjusts the different afforestation vegetation of plantation and constitutes figure, forms the afforestation vegetation view.
Water plant in the vegetable layer is adopted three-wheel waterweed, muskmelon grass, Chlorococcum, Da Ye Chinese celery, dayflower, narrow leaf net grass, big crimping grass, blue or green butterfly pasture and water, red building pasture and water, more than at least a kind.
Planting aquatic plants in the vegetable layer of building block underwater, improve water quality, adapt to the water fish class and perch, for example: triangle is the silk pasture and water not, ox hair blanket pasture and water, sun pasture and water, little chrysanthemum essence, toad's-mouth, Rotala sp, high Bake green pepper grass, bog pondweed, cranberry, the sunflower pasture and water, wet gram green pepper grass, Wendy's green pepper grass, snowflake, the little leaf of bamboo, Du Pont's grass, Sagina subulata, mini short pearl, Si Bilan, short pearl Mao sedge, hundred hakusa, the smart grass of little shell, U.S. waterweed, the spire waterweed, big nutgrass flatsedge, needle spikesedge herb, little nutgrass flatsedge, long Ai Kecao, needle imperial crown grass, new ovum circle imperial crown grass, thorn leaf imperial crown grass, ovum circle imperial crown grass, rose imperial crown grass, Argentina's imperial crown grass, newton's grass, wet gram green pepper grass, spiral green pepper grass, not according to the green pepper grass, tongue green pepper grass, ribbon green pepper grass, inferior luxuriant and rich with fragrance green pepper grass, Thailand's water garlic, dayflower, Vietnam Chinese celery, hornwort, the apple grass, the red gaint star grass, cup plant, black wooden fern, middle bed mat made of woven strips of bamboo algae, needle tiger ear, to leaf, big fountain, tiger ear pasture and water, purple brave ear, the net grass, the steam bubble grass, dovetail banyan pasture and water, steel banyan pasture and water, the special banyan pasture and water of fragrant plant, wide leaf blood heart orchid, blood heart orchid, big blood heart orchid, waterbugtrap, green imperial palace or the like.
Overcoat is that the weight ratio of planting soil and pectin is 1: 0.15 by planting soil and the well-mixed compound of pectin.
For reducing wind and water to the brushing, impacts, corrode of seed and soil, be the sprouting of vegetable seeds simultaneously, the growing environment preferably of creation that grows, protect germination seed and seedling to avoid the harm of external environment condition.The plantation soil species mixes pectin, improves the toughness of planting soil, and the moisture in sealing, the isolated growth bed body makes moisture, nutrient in the growth bed body offer kind plant on the growth bed body.
On the growth bed body in end, bottom of building block the sealing layer is set, the sealing layer seals the space of the growth bed body in end, bottom of building block, prevent that the nutrition soil in the growth bed body space is scattered in growth bed body, the compound that the sealing layer adopts planting soil and pectin to mix, the weight ratio of planting soil and pectin is 1: 0.15.
The surface of adopting the compound of planting soil and pectin to close the growth bed body in building block bottom constitutes the sealing layer, closes the bottom of the growth bed body of building block, prevents the loss of being scattered from the bottom of growth bed body of nutrition soil in the growth bed body space.
Fill base-material by perfusion in the space that forms between the coarse aggregate on the growth bed body of building block, the filling base-material is full of the space of growth bed body, filling base-material is mixed by farm manure, flyash and planting soil, the weight ratio of farm manure, flyash and planting soil is 1: 3: 20, satisfies the needs of the vegetable seeds growth nutrient of vegetable layer.The vegetable seeds of the vegetable layer bottom sowing afforestation vegetation that is provided with on the growth bed body of building block or the vegetable seeds of water plant, the vegetable seeds upper berth of the vegetable seeds of afforestation vegetation or water plant the sheath of setting up defences, form the space of plant seed germination, prevent that simultaneously too fast the and vegetable seeds of water evaporates in the growth bed body is scattered.On the growth bed body in end, bottom of building block the sealing layer is set, the sealing layer seals the space of the growth bed body in end, bottom of building block, prevent that the nutrition soil in the growth bed body space is scattered in growth bed body, the compound that the sealing layer adopts planting soil and pectin to mix, the weight ratio of planting soil and pectin is 1: 0.15.
Transplant kind of a plant in the planting groove of the growth bed body of building block, the kind plant is arranged on the middle part of planting groove, plant the interior filling substrate filler of planting groove on every side of plant, matrix fill is stabilized in the planting groove planting plant, and matrix fill is made up of nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate, weight ratio is 1: 1: 1, nutrition soil adopts turfy soil, peat, farm manure soil, and more than at least a kind, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, polystyrene spheres, particle diameter is 10-15mm, more than at least a kind.
Plantation kind of plant in planting groove is fixed in the planting groove planting plant with matrix fill, and matrix fill is made up of nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate, will plant plant on the one hand and be fixed in the planting groove, provides plant growth needed nutriment on the other hand.
During making, at first select materials: cement adopts 525
#Portland cement, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is 20-40mm, more than at least a kind, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, polystyrene spheres, particle diameter is 10-15mm, and more than at least a kind, fines adopts fine sand, flyash, particle diameter is less than 1.8mm, at least adopt more than a kind, Admixture adopts calcium lignin sulfonate water depressor, UNF-2 type water reducing agent, UNF-5 type water reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent adopts a kind at least, polymer adopts ZV type concrete repair glue, the TG adhesive for building, 107 adhesive for building, at least adopt a kind, chemical fibre adopts polypropylene fibre
The present invention adopts concrete aggregate and polypropylene fibre, be added in the concrete products that constitutes with cement, rubble, UNF-2 water reducing agent, not only reduced the alkalescence in the concrete, enable to adapt to plant growing, do not destroy simultaneously concrete molecular structure, improve ageing resistance, keep the stability of pH value.The root system of vegetation vegetation in growth course passes growth bed body from the space of growth bed body and takes root in the ground surface, reinforces surface layer.
Kind plant in the planting groove is xylophyta and emergent aquactic plant, xylophyta is tangerine tree, peach, willow, willow, more than at least a kind, emergent aquactic plant is adopted reed, umbrella grass, Monochoria korsakowii, common calla, wild taro, wilson iris, Lythrum salicaria, skirret, cattail, Scirpus tabernaemontani, canna, uses at least more than a kind.
Afforestation vegetation adopts rye grass, annual bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, fescue grass, Korea lawn grass, buffalograss, eremochloa ophiuroides, more than at least a kind, water plant (12) in the vegetable layer (4) is adopted three-wheel waterweed, muskmelon grass, Chlorococcum, Da Ye Chinese celery, dayflower, narrow leaf net grass, big crimping grass, blue or green butterfly pasture and water, red building pasture and water, more than at least a kind.Nutrition soil adopts turfy soil, peat, farm manure soil, more than at least a kind.
Matrix fill is made up of nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate, and weight ratio is 1: 1: 1.
Overcoat adopts the composite soil of planting soil and pectin, and the weight ratio of planting soil and pectin is 1: 0.15.
The sealing layer adopts the composite soil of planting soil and pectin, and the weight ratio of planting soil and pectin is 1: 0.15.
Add cement 260-300 part in the forced stirrer, coarse aggregate 1350-1650 part, fines 20-25 part, Admixture 0.5-0.9 part, water 60-80 part.
Through fully stirring, be poured in the template of protecting frame, make firm by ramming closely knit, the surface is floating, and the template of protecting frame is according to the designing requirement setting, and the sectional area that protects frame is selected at least a in triangle, rectangle, circle, polygon, the ellipse for use, compressive strength is greater than 20Mpa after protecting frame maintenance moulding, after the maintenance initial set, remove the template of protecting the frame inwall, protect the template that planting groove is set in the frame, at least more than one.
Protecting frame is the periphery of building block, plays the effect of the growth bed body of protection, reaches the above intensity of C20 concrete so require to protect frame.Make building block and at first finish the making of protecting frame, remove the inner formword that protects frame then, supporting plays the template of planting groove, builds growth bed body again.
Add cement 230-260 part in the forced stirrer, coarse aggregate 1400-1700 part, flyash 20-25 part, Admixture 0.46-0.80 part, polymer 6-10 part, chemical fibre 0.9-1.2 part, water 60-75 part.
Through fully stirring, coarse aggregate is fully wrapped up in even cement slurry, be poured into to protect and make growth bed body in the frame, make firm by ramming, the surface is floating, wrap up between the coarse aggregate of sparing cement slurry and form the space, porosity is 25-30%, the last plane of growth bed body is lower than the last plane of protecting frame and is concave shaped, constitute vegetable layer on growth bed body, growth bed body matches with the inwall that protects the frame sectional area and constitutes holistic building block, and the sectional area of planting groove is selected triangle for use, rectangle, circular, polygon, at least a in the ellipse, the demoulding after 24 hours of growth bed body, the outer wall template of frame and the template of planting groove are protected in dismounting, and the wet curing of sprinkling water, wet curing are no less than 7 days, growth bed recuperating protected compressive strength 15-18Mpa after the moulding, porosity 25-30%.
When making growth bed body, build moulding together with vegetable layer and planting groove, a large amount of space that exists owing to growth bed body, dehydration easily, dry very soon, so very important during maintenance, especially early curing, the demoulding should be carried out after 24 hours, cover with plastics or straw screen or mat after the demoulding and begin the wet curing of sprinkling water, wet curing must not be less than 7 days.
During construction, select the construction plant, according to surface, physical features cleaning construction plant soil layer, construction plant surfacing no concave-convex injustice, loaded filter is established on soil layer upper berth, surface, construction plant, loaded filter adopts geotextile or woven cloth, by downstream side laying upstream, the overlapping edges of upstream side fabric constitutes an integral body at the edge of downstream fabric, and bed course is covered on the loaded filter upper berth, bed course adopts mold, thickness 5-10cm.
Building block is transported to the construction plant, on bed course, lay building block according to designing requirement, slots close between building block and the building block, building block is laid firm, the upper surface of building block and building block is smooth, the filling base-material that perfusion is mixed by farm manure, flyash and planting soil in the space that forms between the coarse aggregate on the growth bed body of building block, watering in the above after the perfusion, after base-material to be filled infiltrates in the space of growth bed body, pour into once more, repeatable operation is full of the space of growth bed body until filling base-material.
In the intact building block of produce in factory, be transported to the job site again and lay operation and other operation.
Sow the vegetable seeds of planting afforestation vegetation or the vegetable seeds of water plant in the vegetable layer of building block bottom, the vegetable seeds upper berth of planting afforestation vegetation or the water plant sheath of setting up defences, the space of the plant seed germination of afforestation vegetation or water plant is planted in formation, prevents that the too fast and vegetable seeds of water evaporates in the growth bed body is scattered.
In the planting groove of building block, transplant kind of a plant, the kind plant is arranged on the middle part of planting groove, plant the interior matrix fill that mixes by nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate of filling of planting groove on every side of plant, after sowing is finished, to irrigate immediately, keep ground moistening, satisfy germination and seedling normal growth.
During construction, select the construction plant, according to surface, physical features cleaning construction plant soil layer, construction plant surfacing no concave-convex injustice, loaded filter is established on soil layer upper berth, surface, construction plant, loaded filter adopts geotextile or woven cloth, by downstream side laying upstream, the overlapping edges of upstream side fabric constitutes an integral body at the edge of downstream fabric, and bed course is covered on the loaded filter upper berth, bed course adopts mold, thickness 5-10cm.
Building block is transported to the construction plant, on bed course, lay building block according to designing requirement, slots close between building block and the building block, building block is laid firm, the upper surface of building block and building block is smooth, the filling base-material that perfusion is mixed by farm manure, flyash and planting soil in the space that forms between the coarse aggregate on the growth bed body of building block, watering in the above after the perfusion, after base-material to be filled infiltrates in the space of growth bed body, pour into once more, repeatable operation is full of the space of growth bed body until filling base-material.
The vegetable seeds of planting afforestation vegetation or water plant, slow release fertilizer, water-loss reducer, adhesive and water are modulated into the outstanding turbid slurries of sowing grass seeds by duster with certain viscosity, be ejected on the vegetable layer that needs sowing by the spray seeder slurries of will sowing grass seeds by duster, the slurries of sowing grass seeds by duster are every square meter seed 30g-50g, slow release fertilizer 30g-50g, water-loss reducer 2g-10g, adhesive 0.3g-1.0g, water 4000ml.
Operation can adopt spray seeder to finish the operation of afforestation vegetation at the scene, replaces manually-operated by mechanically actuated.
In the planting groove of building block, transplant kind of a plant, the kind plant is arranged on the middle part of planting groove, plant the interior matrix fill that mixes by nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate of filling of planting groove on every side of plant, after sowing is finished, to irrigate immediately, keep ground moistening, satisfy germination and seedling normal growth.
The building block water good maintenance squirts, the compound that mixes with planting soil and pectin on the growth bed body in the end, bottom of building block is provided with the sealing layer, the sealing layer seals the space of the growth bed body in end, bottom of building block, prevent that the nutrition soil in the growth bed body space is scattered in growth bed body, the good building block of sealing is placed on the vibroplatform, pour into the filling base-material that mixes by farm manure, flyash and planting soil in the space that on the growth bed body of building block, forms between the coarse aggregate, be full of the space of growth bed body until the filling base-material.
Fill base-material in factory perfusion, can guarantee to be full of in the space of growth bed body, substantial filling base-material, guarantee to offer the amount of the nutrient of kind of plant.
Take off building block on the vibroplatform, sow the vegetable seeds of planting afforestation vegetation or the vegetable seeds of water plant in the vegetable layer of building block bottom, plant and lay the overcoat that constitutes by planting soil and the well-mixed compound of pectin on the vegetable seeds of afforestation vegetation or water plant, form the space of plant seed germination, prevent that the too fast and vegetable seeds of water evaporates in the growth bed body is scattered, the building block warehouse-in is standby.
Select the construction plant, building block is transported to the construction plant, according to surface, physical features cleaning construction plant soil layer, construction plant surfacing no concave-convex injustice, loaded filter is established on soil layer upper berth, surface, construction plant, loaded filter adopts geotextile or woven cloth, by downstream side laying upstream, the overlapping edges of upstream side fabric constitutes an integral body at the edge of downstream fabric, and bed course is covered on the loaded filter upper berth, bed course adopts mold, thickness 5-10cm.
Lay building block according to designing requirement on the bed course, the slots close between building block and the building block, building block is laid firm, and the upper surface of building block and building block is smooth; In the planting groove of building block, transplant kind of a plant, the kind plant is arranged on the middle part of planting groove, plant the interior matrix fill that mixes by nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate of filling of planting groove on every side of plant, after sowing is finished, to irrigate immediately, keep ground moistening, satisfy germination and seedling normal growth.
During construction, the building block water good maintenance squirts, the compound that mixes with planting soil and pectin on the growth bed body in the end, bottom of building block is provided with the sealing layer, the sealing layer seals the space of the growth bed body in end, bottom of building block, prevent that the nutrition soil in the growth bed body space is scattered in growth bed body, the good building block of sealing is placed on the vibroplatform, pour into the filling base-material that mixes by farm manure, flyash and planting soil in the space that on the growth bed body of building block, forms between the coarse aggregate, be full of the space of growth bed body until the filling base-material.
Take off building block on the vibroplatform, sow the vegetable seeds of planting afforestation vegetation or the vegetable seeds of water plant in the vegetable layer of building block bottom, plant and lay the overcoat that constitutes by planting soil and the well-mixed compound of pectin on the vegetable seeds of afforestation vegetation or water plant, form the space of plant seed germination, prevent that the too fast and vegetable seeds of water evaporates in the growth bed body is scattered.
In the planting groove of the growth bed body of building block, transplant kind of a plant, the kind plant is arranged on the middle part of planting groove, plant the interior matrix fill of filling nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate composition of planting groove on every side of plant, matrix fill is stabilized in the kind plant in the planting groove, and building block is put in storage standby.
The plantation that can plant plant in factory finishes the sowing of afforestation vegetation of vegetable layer and planting groove can guarantee afforestation vegetation like this and plant the plant operation quality.
Select the construction plant, building block is transported to the construction plant, according to surface, physical features cleaning construction plant soil layer, construction plant surfacing no concave-convex injustice, loaded filter is established on soil layer upper berth, surface, construction plant, loaded filter adopts geotextile or woven cloth, by downstream side laying upstream, the overlapping edges of upstream side fabric constitutes an integral body at the edge of downstream fabric, and bed course is covered on the loaded filter upper berth, bed course adopts mold, thickness 5-10cm.
Lay building block according to designing requirement on the bed course, the slots close between building block and the building block, building block is laid firm, and the upper surface of building block and building block is smooth; After laying is finished, irrigate immediately, keep ground moistening, satisfy germination and seedling normal growth.
The present invention is ecological slope protection vegetation building block and preparation method and construction technology.Design science, rational in infrastructure, reduced investment, duration is short, instant effect, and water treatment running cost is low, convenient management, the water ecology reparation can reduce operating cost, improves environment, ecology recovering increases the natural harmony aesthetic feeling, can plant vegetation and can plant kind of a plant again, can combine closely with urban landscape construction, help afforestation of city, when realizing water body purification, reach the purpose in beautification and greening city.Modular unit is convenient to safeguard, reduce investment, reduces cost.Simple in structure, simple installation, long service life.Have the function in bank protection, protection river course, adopt building block of the present invention, have certain intensity; can play a protective role to the river course embankment, institute's growing plants root system gos deep in the earth in the building block, plays the effect of fixed slope; anti-trample, power of regeneration is strong, heat-resisting, anti-floods and drought resisting.Suitable atom is nested and aquatic fish perch existence, and cut waters-land-based area continuity is recovered.Be widely used in by river course slope protection, levee slope, the highway, airport, park, public place land used, family lawn, sports ground or the like.Be applicable to zones such as cold moist warm moist intermediate zone.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples to the detailed description of the invention.
The cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 1 ecological slope protection vegetation building block
The cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 2 ecological slope protection vegetation building block
The schematic diagram of Fig. 3 ecological slope protection vegetation building block
The cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 4 ecological slope protection vegetation building block
The cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 5 ecological slope protection vegetation building block
The on-the-spot schematic diagram of Fig. 6 ecological slope protection vegetation building block
The on-the-spot schematic diagram of Fig. 7 ecological slope protection vegetation building block
The sectional area schematic diagram of Fig. 8 ecological slope protection vegetation building block
1 protects frame, 2 growth bed bodies, and 3 planting grooves, 4 vegetable layers, 5 kinds of plants, 6 matrix fills, 7 building blocks, 8 sealing layers, 9 fill base-material, 10 overcoats, 11 afforestation vegetations, 12 water plants
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1 (every part of weight ratio of high dose is in 1kg)
Building block (7) is by growth bed body (2), protect frame (1), planting groove (3), vegetable layer (4), planting plant forms, the surrounding parcel of growth bed body (2) protects frame (1), the last plane of growth bed body (2) is lower than the last plane of protecting frame (1) and is concave shaped, go up formation vegetable layer (4) at growth bed body (2), protect the sectional area of frame (1) and select triangle for use, rectangle, circular, polygon, at least a in the ellipse, growth bed body (2) matches with the inwall that protects frame (1) sectional area and constitutes holistic building block (7), and growth bed body (2) is by cement, coarse aggregate, fines, Admixture, polymer, chemical fibre and water are formed.
Cement 260kg, coarse aggregate 1700kg, flyash 25kg, Admixture 0.8kg, polymer 10kg, chemical fibre 1.2kg, water 75kg.
Cement adopts 525
#Portland cement, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is 20-40mm, more than at least a kind, fines adopts fine sand, flyash, particle diameter is less than 1.8mm, more than at least a kind, Admixture adopts calcium lignin sulfonate water depressor, UNF-2 type water reducing agent, UNF-5 type water reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent, at least a kind, polymer adopts ZV type concrete repair glue, the TG adhesive for building, 107 adhesive for building, at least a kind, chemical fibre adopts polypropylene fibre, compressive strength 15-18Mpa after growth bed body (2) the maintenance moulding, porosity 25-30%, plant afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12) root system pass growth bed body (2) from the space of growth bed body (2) and take root in ground.
Growth bed body (2) go up to be provided with at least 1 above planting groove (3), and planting groove (3) connects growth bed body (2), and the sectional area of planting groove (3) is selected at least a in triangle, rectangle, circle, polygon, the ellipse for use, as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 2 (every part of weight ratio of low dosage is in 1kg)
Building block (7) is by growth bed body (2), protect frame (1), planting groove (3), vegetable layer (4), planting plant forms, the surrounding parcel of growth bed body (2) protects frame (1), the last plane of growth bed body (2) is lower than the last plane of protecting frame (1) and is concave shaped, go up formation vegetable layer (4) at growth bed body (2), protect the sectional area of frame (1) and select triangle for use, rectangle, circular, polygon, at least a in the ellipse, growth bed body (2) matches with the inwall that protects frame (1) sectional area and constitutes holistic building block (7), and growth bed body (2) is by cement, coarse aggregate, fines, Admixture, polymer, chemical fibre and water are formed.
Cement 230kg, coarse aggregate 1400kg, flyash 20kg, Admixture 0.46kg, polymer 6kg, chemical fibre 0.9kg, water 60kg.
Cement adopts 525
#Portland cement, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is 20-40mm, more than at least a kind, fines adopts fine sand, flyash, particle diameter is less than 1.8mm, more than at least a kind, Admixture adopts calcium lignin sulfonate water depressor, UNF-2 type water reducing agent, UNF-5 type water reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent, at least a kind, polymer adopts ZV type concrete repair glue, the TG adhesive for building, 107 adhesive for building, at least a kind, chemical fibre adopts polypropylene fibre, compressive strength 15-18Mpa after growth bed body (2) the maintenance moulding, porosity 25-30%, plant afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12) root system pass growth bed body (2) from the space of growth bed body (2) and take root in ground.
Growth bed body (2) go up to be provided with at least 1 above planting groove (3), and planting groove (3) connects growth bed body (2), and the sectional area of planting groove (3) is selected at least a in triangle, rectangle, circle, polygon, the ellipse for use, as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 3 (every part of weight ratio of median dose is in 1kg)
Building block (7) is by growth bed body (2), protect frame (1), planting groove (3), vegetable layer (4), planting plant forms, the surrounding parcel of growth bed body (2) protects frame (1), the last plane of growth bed body (2) is lower than the last plane of protecting frame (1) and is concave shaped, go up formation vegetable layer (4) at growth bed body (2), protect the sectional area of frame (1) and select triangle for use, rectangle, circular, polygon, at least a in the ellipse, growth bed body (2) matches with the inwall that protects frame (1) sectional area and constitutes holistic building block (7), and growth bed body (2) is by cement, coarse aggregate, fines, Admixture, polymer, chemical fibre and water are formed.
Cement 245kg, coarse aggregate 1550kg, flyash 22.5kg, Admixture 0.63kg, polymer 8kg, chemical fibre 1.05kg, water 67.5kg.
Cement adopts 525
#Portland cement, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is 20-40mm, more than at least a kind, fines adopts fine sand, flyash, particle diameter is less than 1.8mm, more than at least a kind, Admixture adopts calcium lignin sulfonate water depressor, UNF-2 type water reducing agent, UNF-5 type water reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent, at least a kind, polymer adopts ZV type concrete repair glue, the TG adhesive for building, 107 adhesive for building, at least a kind, chemical fibre adopts polypropylene fibre, compressive strength 15-18Mpa after growth bed body (2) the maintenance moulding, porosity 25-30%, plant afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12) root system pass growth bed body (2) from the space of growth bed body (2) and take root in ground.
Growth bed body (2) go up to be provided with at least 1 above planting groove (3), and planting groove (3) connects growth bed body (2), and the sectional area of planting groove (3) is selected at least a in triangle, rectangle, circle, polygon, the ellipse for use, as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 4 (every part of weight ratio of high dose is in 1kg)
Protect frame (1) and form, cement 300kg, coarse aggregate 1650kg, fines 25kg, Admixture 0.9kg, water 80kg by cement, coarse aggregate, fines, Admixture and water; Cement adopts 525
#Portland cement, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is 10-15mm, more than at least a kind, fines adopts fine sand, flyash, and particle diameter is less than 1.8mm, more than at least a kind, Admixture adopts calcium lignin sulfonate water depressor, UNF-2 type water reducing agent, UNF-5 type water reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent, at least a kind, protect frame (1) maintenance moulding after compressive strength greater than 20Mpa.
Building block (7) is on the ground applied in the shop, in the planting groove (3) of growth bed body (2), transplant kind of a plant (5), the root system of planting plant (5) runs through planting groove (3) transplanting of building block (7) in ground, planting plant is xylophyta and water plant, xylophyta is tangerine tree, peach, willow, willow, more than at least a kind, water plant is reed, umbrella grass, Monochoria korsakowii, common calla, wild taro, wilson iris, Lythrum salicaria, skirret, cattail, Scirpus tabernaemontani, canna, more than at least a kind, as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 5 (every part of weight ratio of low dosage is in 1kg)
Protect frame (1) and form, cement 260kg, coarse aggregate 1350kg, fines 20kg, Admixture 0.5kg, water 60kg by cement, coarse aggregate, fines, Admixture and water; Cement adopts 525
#Portland cement, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is 10-15mm, more than at least a kind, fines adopts fine sand, flyash, and particle diameter is less than 1.8mm, more than at least a kind, Admixture adopts calcium lignin sulfonate water depressor, UNF-2 type water reducing agent, UNF-5 type water reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent, at least a kind, protect frame (1) maintenance moulding after compressive strength greater than 20Mpa.
Building block (7) is on the ground applied in the shop, in the planting groove (3) of growth bed body (2), transplant kind of a plant (5), the root system of planting plant (5) runs through planting groove (3) transplanting of building block (7) in ground, planting plant is xylophyta and water plant, xylophyta is tangerine tree, peach, willow, willow, more than at least a kind, water plant is reed, umbrella grass, Monochoria korsakowii, common calla, wild taro, wilson iris, Lythrum salicaria, skirret, cattail, Scirpus tabernaemontani, canna, more than at least a kind, as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 6 (every part of weight ratio of median dose is in 1kg)
Protect frame (1) and form, cement 280kg, coarse aggregate 1500kg, fines 22.5kg, Admixture 0.7kg, water 70kg by cement, coarse aggregate, fines, Admixture and water; Cement adopts 525
#Portland cement, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is 10-15mm, more than at least a kind, fines adopts fine sand, flyash, and particle diameter is less than 1.8mm, more than at least a kind, Admixture adopts calcium lignin sulfonate water depressor, UNF-2 type water reducing agent, UNF-5 type water reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent, at least a kind, protect frame (1) maintenance moulding after compressive strength greater than 20Mpa.
Building block (7) is on the ground applied in the shop, in the planting groove (3) of growth bed body (2), transplant kind of a plant (5), the root system of planting plant (5) runs through planting groove (3) transplanting of building block (7) in ground, planting plant is xylophyta and water plant, xylophyta is tangerine tree, peach, willow, willow, more than at least a kind, water plant is reed, umbrella grass, Monochoria korsakowii, common calla, wild taro, wilson iris, Lythrum salicaria, skirret, cattail, Scirpus tabernaemontani, canna, more than at least a kind, as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 7
The growth bed body (2) of building block (7) is gone up by perfusion in the space that forms between the coarse aggregate and is filled base-material (9), filling base-material (9) is full of the space of growth bed body (2), filling base-material (9) is mixed by farm manure, flyash and planting soil, the weight ratio of farm manure, flyash and planting soil is 1: 3: 20, satisfies the needs of the vegetable seeds growth nutrient of vegetable layer (4).
The growth bed body (2) of building block (7) is gone up the vegetable seeds of vegetable layer (4) the bottom sowing afforestation vegetation (11) that is provided with or the vegetable seeds of water plant (12), the vegetable seeds upper berth of the vegetable seeds of afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12) the sheath (10) of setting up defences, form the space of plant seed germination, prevent that simultaneously too fast the and vegetable seeds of water evaporates in the growth bed body (2) is scattered.
The vegetable seeds of the afforestation vegetation (11) in the vegetable layer (4) adopts rye grass, annual bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, fescue grass, Korea lawn grass, buffalograss, eremochloa ophiuroides, the stem or leaf of cattail, Festuca Arundinacea, U.S.'s beach grass, Bermuda grass, more than at least a kind.The vegetable seeds of water plant (12) in the vegetable layer (4) adopts three-wheel waterweed, muskmelon grass, Chlorococcum, Da Ye Chinese celery, dayflower, narrow leaf net grass, big crimping grass, blue or green butterfly pasture and water, red building pasture and water, more than at least a kind.
Overcoat (10) is that the weight ratio of planting soil and pectin is 1: 0.15 by planting soil and the well-mixed compound of pectin.
On the growth bed body in end, bottom (2) of building block (7) sealing layer (8) is set, sealing layer (8) seals the space of the growth bed body in end, bottom (2) of building block (7), prevent that the nutrition soil in growth bed body (2) space is scattered in growth bed body (2), the compound that sealing layer (8) adopts planting soil and pectin to mix, the weight ratio of planting soil and pectin is 1: 0.15, as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 8
The growth bed body (2) of building block (7) is gone up by perfusion in the space that forms between the coarse aggregate and is filled base-material (9), filling base-material (9) is full of the space of growth bed body (2), filling base-material (9) is mixed by farm manure, flyash and planting soil, the weight ratio of farm manure, flyash and planting soil is 1: 3: 20, satisfies the needs of the vegetable seeds growth nutrient of vegetable layer (4).
The growth bed body (2) of building block (7) is gone up the vegetable seeds of vegetable layer (4) the bottom sowing afforestation vegetation (11) that is provided with or the vegetable seeds of water plant (12), the vegetable seeds upper berth of the vegetable seeds of afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12) the sheath (10) of setting up defences, the space of the plant seed germination of afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12) is planted in formation, prevents that simultaneously too fast the and vegetable seeds of water evaporates in the growth bed body (2) is scattered.
On the growth bed body in end, bottom (2) of building block (7) sealing layer (8) is set, sealing layer (8) seals the space of the growth bed body in end, bottom (2) of building block (7), prevent that the nutrition soil in growth bed body (2) space is scattered in growth bed body (2), the compound that sealing layer (8) adopts planting soil and pectin to mix, the weight ratio of planting soil and pectin is 1: 0.15.
Transplant kind of a plant (5) in the planting groove (3) of the growth bed body (2) of building block (7), kind plant (5) is arranged on the middle part of planting groove (3), plant the interior filling substrate filler of planting groove (3) (6) on every side of plant (5), matrix fill (6) is stabilized in kind of a plant (5) in the planting groove (3), matrix fill (6) is by nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate are formed, weight ratio is 1: 1: 1, nutrition soil adopts turfy soil, peat, farm manure soil, more than at least a kind, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, polystyrene spheres, particle diameter is 10-15mm, more than at least a kind, as Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 9
Select materials: cement adopts 525
#Portland cement, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is 20-40mm, more than at least a kind, coarse aggregate adopts rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, polystyrene spheres, particle diameter is 10-15mm, and more than at least a kind, fines adopts fine sand, flyash, particle diameter is less than 1.8mm, at least adopt more than a kind, Admixture adopts calcium lignin sulfonate water depressor, UNF-2 type water reducing agent, UNF-5 type water reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent adopts a kind at least, polymer adopts ZV type concrete repair glue, the TG adhesive for building, 107 adhesive for building, at least adopt a kind, chemical fibre adopts polypropylene fibre
Kind plant (5) in the planting groove (3) is xylophyta and emergent aquactic plant, xylophyta is tangerine tree, peach, willow, willow, more than at least a kind, emergent aquactic plant is adopted reed, umbrella grass, Monochoria korsakowii, common calla, wild taro, wilson iris, Lythrum salicaria, skirret, cattail, Scirpus tabernaemontani, canna, uses at least more than a kind.Afforestation vegetation (11) in the vegetable layer (4) adopts rye grass, annual bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, fescue grass, Korea lawn grass, buffalograss, eremochloa ophiuroides, more than at least a kind, water plant (12) in the vegetable layer (4) is adopted three-wheel waterweed, muskmelon grass, Chlorococcum, Da Ye Chinese celery, dayflower, narrow leaf net grass, big crimping grass, blue or green butterfly pasture and water, red building pasture and water, more than at least a kind.Nutrition soil adopts turfy soil, peat, farm manure soil, more than at least a kind.
Matrix fill (6) is made up of nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate, and weight ratio is 1: 1: 1.Overcoat (10) adopts the composite soil of planting soil and pectin, and the weight ratio of planting soil and pectin is 1: 0.15.Sealing layer (8) adopts the composite soil of planting soil and pectin, and the weight ratio of planting soil and pectin is 1: 0.15, as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 10 (every part of weight ratio of high dose is in 1kg)
Add cement 300kg, coarse aggregate 1650kg, fines 25kg, Admixture 0.9kg, water 80kg in the forced stirrer.Through fully stirring, be poured in the template of protecting frame (1), make firm by ramming closely knit, the surface floating, the template of protecting frame (1) is according to the designing requirement setting, the sectional area that protects frame (1) is selected at least a in triangle, rectangle, circle, polygon, the ellipse for use, compressive strength removes the template of protecting frame (1) inwall greater than 20Mpa after protecting frame (1) maintenance moulding after the maintenance initial set, protects the template that planting groove (3) are set in the frame (1), at least more than one is as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 11 (every part of weight ratio of low dosage is in 1kg)
Add cement 260kg, coarse aggregate 1350kg, fines 20kg, Admixture 0.5kg, water 60kg in the forced stirrer.Through fully stirring, be poured in the template of protecting frame (1), make firm by ramming closely knit, the surface floating, the template of protecting frame (1) is according to the designing requirement setting, the sectional area that protects frame (1) is selected at least a in triangle, rectangle, circle, polygon, the ellipse for use, compressive strength removes the template of protecting frame (1) inwall greater than 20Mpa after protecting frame (1) maintenance moulding after the maintenance initial set, protects the template that planting groove (3) are set in the frame (1), at least more than one is as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 12 (every part of weight ratio of median dose is in 1kg)
Add cement 280kg, coarse aggregate 1500kg, fines 22.5kg, Admixture 0.7kg, water 70kg in the forced stirrer.Through fully stirring, be poured in the template of protecting frame (1), make firm by ramming closely knit, the surface floating, the template of protecting frame (1) is according to the designing requirement setting, the sectional area that protects frame (1) is selected at least a in triangle, rectangle, circle, polygon, the ellipse for use, compressive strength removes the template of protecting frame (1) inwall greater than 20Mpa after protecting frame (1) maintenance moulding after the maintenance initial set, protects the template that planting groove (3) are set in the frame (1), at least more than one is as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 13 (every part of weight ratio of high dose is in 1kg)
Add cement 260kg, coarse aggregate 1700kg, flyash 25kg, Admixture 0.80kg, polymer 10kg, chemical fibre 1.2kg, water 75kg in the forced stirrer.Through fully stirring, coarse aggregate is fully wrapped up in even cement slurry, be poured into to protect and make growth bed body (2) in the frame (1), make firm by ramming, the surface is floating, wrap up between the coarse aggregate of sparing cement slurry and form the space, porosity is 25-30%, the last plane of growth bed body (2) is lower than the last plane of protecting frame (1) and is concave shaped, go up formation vegetable layer (4) at growth bed body (2), growth bed body (2) matches with the inwall that protects frame (1) sectional area and constitutes holistic building block (7), the sectional area of planting groove (3) is selected triangle for use, rectangle, circular, polygon, at least a in the ellipse, the demoulding after (2) 24 hours of growth bed body is removed and is protected the outer wall template of frame (1) and the template of planting groove (3), the wet curing of sprinkling water, wet curing is no less than 7 days, compressive strength 15-18Mpa after growth bed body (2) the maintenance moulding, porosity 25-30% is as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 14 (every part of weight ratio of low dosage is in 1kg)
Add cement 230kg, coarse aggregate 1400kg, flyash 20kg, Admixture 0.46kg, polymer 6kg, chemical fibre 0.9kg, water 60kg in the forced stirrer.Through fully stirring, coarse aggregate is fully wrapped up in even cement slurry, be poured into to protect and make growth bed body (2) in the frame (1), make firm by ramming, the surface is floating, wrap up between the coarse aggregate of sparing cement slurry and form the space, porosity is 25-30%, the last plane of growth bed body (2) is lower than the last plane of protecting frame (1) and is concave shaped, go up formation vegetable layer (4) at growth bed body (2), growth bed body (2) matches with the inwall that protects frame (1) sectional area and constitutes holistic building block (7), the sectional area of planting groove (3) is selected triangle for use, rectangle, circular, polygon, at least a in the ellipse, the demoulding after (2) 24 hours of growth bed body is removed and is protected the outer wall template of frame (1) and the template of planting groove (3), the wet curing of sprinkling water, wet curing is no less than 7 days, compressive strength 15-18Mpa after growth bed body (2) the maintenance moulding, porosity 25-30% is as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 15 (every part of weight ratio of median dose is in 1kg)
Add cement 245kg, coarse aggregate 1550kg, flyash 22.5kg, Admixture 0.63kg, polymer 8kg, chemical fibre 1.05kg, water 67.5kg in the forced stirrer.Through fully stirring, coarse aggregate is fully wrapped up in even cement slurry, be poured into to protect and make growth bed body (2) in the frame (1), make firm by ramming, the surface is floating, wrap up between the coarse aggregate of sparing cement slurry and form the space, porosity is 25-30%, the last plane of growth bed body (2) is lower than the last plane of protecting frame (1) and is concave shaped, go up formation vegetable layer (4) at growth bed body (2), growth bed body (2) matches with the inwall that protects frame (1) sectional area and constitutes holistic building block (7), the sectional area of planting groove (3) is selected triangle for use, rectangle, circular, polygon, at least a in the ellipse, the demoulding after (2) 24 hours of growth bed body is removed and is protected the outer wall template of frame (1) and the template of planting groove (3), the wet curing of sprinkling water, wet curing is no less than 7 days, compressive strength 15-18Mpa after growth bed body (2) the maintenance moulding, porosity 25-30% is as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 16
Select the construction plant, according to surface, physical features cleaning construction plant soil layer, construction plant surfacing no concave-convex injustice, loaded filter is established on soil layer upper berth, surface, construction plant, and loaded filter adopts geotextile or woven cloth, by downstream side laying upstream, the overlapping edges of upstream side fabric constitutes an integral body at the edge of downstream fabric, bed course is covered on the loaded filter upper berth, and bed course adopts mold, thickness 5-10cm.
Building block (7) is transported to the construction plant, on bed course, lay building block (7) according to designing requirement, slots close between building block (7) and the building block (7), building block (7) is laid firm, building block (7) is smooth with the upper surface of building block (7), the growth bed body (2) of building block (7) is gone up and is poured in the space that forms between the coarse aggregate by farm manure, the filling base-material (9) that flyash and planting soil mix, watering in the above after the perfusion, after base-material to be filled (9) infiltrates in the space of growth bed body (2), pour into once more, repeatable operation is full of the space of growth bed body (2) until filling base-material (9).
Sow the vegetable seeds of planting afforestation vegetation (11) or the vegetable seeds of water plant (12) in the vegetable layer (4) of building block (7) bottom, the vegetable seeds upper berth of planting afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12) sheath (10) of setting up defences, the space of the plant seed germination of afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12) is planted in formation, prevents that the too fast and vegetable seeds of water evaporates in the growth bed body (2) is scattered.
In the planting groove (3) of building block (7), transplant kind of a plant (5), kind plant (5) is arranged on the middle part of planting groove (3), plant the interior matrix fill (6) that mixes by nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate of filling of planting groove (3) on every side of plant (5), after sowing is finished, to irrigate immediately, keep ground moistening, satisfy germination and seedling normal growth, as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 17
Select the construction plant, according to surface, physical features cleaning construction plant soil layer, construction plant surfacing no concave-convex injustice, loaded filter is established on soil layer upper berth, surface, construction plant, and loaded filter adopts geotextile or woven cloth, by downstream side laying upstream, the overlapping edges of upstream side fabric constitutes an integral body at the edge of downstream fabric, bed course is covered on the loaded filter upper berth, and bed course adopts mold, thickness 5-10cm.
Building block (7) is transported to the construction plant, on bed course, lay building block (7) according to designing requirement, slots close between building block (7) and the building block (7), building block (7) is laid firm, building block (7) is smooth with the upper surface of building block (7), the growth bed body (2) of building block (7) is gone up and is poured in the space that forms between the coarse aggregate by farm manure, the filling base-material (9) that flyash and planting soil mix, watering in the above after the perfusion, after base-material to be filled (9) infiltrates in the space of growth bed body (2), pour into once more, repeatable operation is full of the space of growth bed body (2) until filling base-material (9).
Vegetable seeds, slow release fertilizer, water-loss reducer, adhesive and the water of planting afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12) are modulated into the outstanding turbid slurries of sowing grass seeds by duster with certain viscosity, be ejected on the vegetable layer (4) that needs sowing by the spray seeder slurries of will sowing grass seeds by duster, the slurries of sowing grass seeds by duster are every square meter seed 30g-50g, slow release fertilizer 30g-50g, water-loss reducer 2g-10g, adhesive 0.3g-1.0g, water 4000ml.
In the planting groove (3) of building block (7), transplant kind of a plant (5), kind plant (5) is arranged on the middle part of planting groove (3), plant the interior matrix fill (6) that mixes by nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate of filling of planting groove (3) on every side of plant (5), after sowing is finished, to irrigate immediately, keep ground moistening, satisfy germination and seedling normal growth, as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 18
The good building block of maintenance (7) water is squirted, go up the compound that mixes with planting soil and pectin at the growth bed body in the end, bottom of building block (7) (2) sealing layer (8) is set, sealing layer (8) seals the space of the growth bed body in end, bottom (2) of building block (7), prevent that the nutrition soil in growth bed body (2) space is scattered in growth bed body (2), the good building block of sealing (7) is placed on the vibroplatform, perfusion is by farm manure in the space that forms between the last coarse aggregate of the growth bed body (2) of building block (7), the filling base-material (9) that flyash and planting soil mix is full of the space of growth bed body (2) until filling base-material (9).
Take off building block (7) on the vibroplatform, sow the vegetable seeds of planting afforestation vegetation (11) or the vegetable seeds of water plant (12) in the vegetable layer (4) of building block (7) bottom, plant and lay the overcoat (10) that constitutes by planting soil and the well-mixed compound of pectin on the vegetable seeds of afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12), form the space of plant seed germination, prevent that the too fast and vegetable seeds of water evaporates in the growth bed body (2) is scattered, building block (7) warehouse-in is standby.
Select the construction plant, building block (7) is transported to the construction plant, according to surface, physical features cleaning construction plant soil layer, construction plant surfacing no concave-convex injustice, loaded filter is established on soil layer upper berth, surface, construction plant, loaded filter adopts geotextile or woven cloth, by downstream side laying upstream, the overlapping edges of upstream side fabric constitutes an integral body at the edge of downstream fabric, and bed course is covered on the loaded filter upper berth, bed course adopts mold, thickness 5-10cm.
Lay building block (7) according to designing requirement on the bed course, the slots close between building block (7) and the building block (7), building block (7) is laid firm, and building block (7) is smooth with the upper surface of building block (7); In the planting groove (3) of building block (7), transplant kind of a plant (5), kind plant (5) is arranged on the middle part of planting groove (3), plant the interior matrix fill (6) that mixes by nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate of filling of planting groove (3) on every side of plant (5), after sowing is finished, to irrigate immediately, keep ground moistening, satisfy germination and seedling normal growth, as Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 19
The good building block of maintenance (7) water is squirted, go up the compound that mixes with planting soil and pectin at the growth bed body in the end, bottom of building block (7) (2) sealing layer (8) is set, sealing layer (8) seals the space of the growth bed body in end, bottom (2) of building block (7), prevent that the nutrition soil in growth bed body (2) space is scattered in growth bed body (2), the good building block of sealing (7) is placed on the vibroplatform, perfusion is by farm manure in the space that forms between the last coarse aggregate of the growth bed body (2) of building block (7), the filling base-material (9) that flyash and planting soil mix is full of the space of growth bed body (2) until filling base-material (9).
Take off building block (7) on the vibroplatform, sow the vegetable seeds of planting afforestation vegetation (11) or the vegetable seeds of water plant (12) in the vegetable layer (4) of building block (7) bottom, plant and lay the overcoat (10) that constitutes by planting soil and the well-mixed compound of pectin on the vegetable seeds of afforestation vegetation (11) or water plant (12), form the space of plant seed germination, prevent that the too fast and vegetable seeds of water evaporates in the growth bed body (2) is scattered.
In the planting groove (3) of the growth bed body (2) of building block (7), transplant kind of a plant (5), kind plant (5) is arranged on the middle part of planting groove (3), plant the interior matrix fill (6) of filling nutrition soil, planting soil and coarse aggregate composition of planting groove (3) on every side of plant (5), matrix fill (6) is stabilized in kind of a plant (5) in the planting groove (3), and building block (7) warehouse-in is standby.
Select the construction plant, building block (7) is transported to the construction plant, according to surface, physical features cleaning construction plant soil layer, construction plant surfacing no concave-convex injustice, loaded filter is established on soil layer upper berth, surface, construction plant, loaded filter adopts geotextile or woven cloth, by downstream side laying upstream, the overlapping edges of upstream side fabric constitutes an integral body at the edge of downstream fabric, and bed course is covered on the loaded filter upper berth, bed course adopts mold, thickness 5-10cm.
Lay building block (7) according to designing requirement on the bed course, the slots close between building block (7) and the building block (7), building block (7) is laid firm, and building block (7) is smooth with the upper surface of building block (7); After building block (7) laying is finished, irrigate immediately, keep ground moistening, satisfy germination and seedling normal growth, as Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8.