CN101185843A - Method for producing compound fertilizer by using humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating - Google Patents

Method for producing compound fertilizer by using humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating Download PDF

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CN101185843A
CN101185843A CNA2007100454432A CN200710045443A CN101185843A CN 101185843 A CN101185843 A CN 101185843A CN A2007100454432 A CNA2007100454432 A CN A2007100454432A CN 200710045443 A CN200710045443 A CN 200710045443A CN 101185843 A CN101185843 A CN 101185843A
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humate
porous
humates
denitrating
compound fertilizer
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CN100553747C (en
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胡国新
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing compound fertilizer by means of synchronous desulfurization and denitrition by humate, belonging to the field of environmental protection and fertilizer technique, which includes following procedures: aluminum oxide fiber is used and sintered into a porous support after an extrusion formation; the porous support is impregnated in catalyst solution; after being dried and roasted, the porous support is impregnated in humate solution; a porous catalysis support is placed in a flue gas desulfurization and denitrition tower, thus forming a sorption/absorption reaction layer; water mist is sprawled to a flue gas inlet section of the desulfurization and denitrition tower, thus humidifying the flue gas and realizing synchronous desulfurization and denitrition of the flue gas; product of the desulfurization and denitrition is organic compound fertilizer; after absorption saturation of the porous catalysis support, the reaction layer is sprayed and washed with water; the product of the desulfurization and denitrition is removed and cleaned thoroughly, then the porous catalysis support is sprinkled and soaked by the humate again to give regeneration to the reaction layer. Reclamation utilization and environmental protection are ensured by the invention at the same time; the invention has the outstanding advantages of high efficiency, low cost, low discharge, and product reclamation.

Description

Utilize humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce the method for compound fertilizer
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the method for the production compound fertilizer of a kind of environmental protection and technical field of fertilizers, specifically is a kind of method of utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer.
Background technology
Give off pollutants such as a large amount of dust, SOx and NOx in the coal-fired flue-gas, bring serious destruction to environmental ecology.Flue gas desulfurization and denitrification is the main method that solves SOx and NOx pollution.Extensive and deep research has been carried out to the purification of coal-fired flue-gas in countries in the world at present, and its method is a lot.But which kind of method no matter, if the desulphurization denitration product can't utilize, a large amount of waste residues is stacked in the place will cause secondary pollution, is a kind of great waste to resource.
Therefore, but the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification technology of development recycling has become current and following main task in quite over a long time.But in order to realize the recycling of desulphurization denitration product, some chemical fertilizer factories of China have carried out the research of ammonification mud coal NOx adsorption tail gas, and the removal efficiency of NOx can reach more than 90%.Owing to contain a large amount of primary humic acids in mud coal, the brown coal, have very big inner surface and very strong adsorption capacity.Mud coal, brown coal NOx adsorption again after ammonification is handled, can obtain can be by the nitro-humic acid ammonium of plant absorbing, and this is a kind of high-quality organic fertilizer.In addition, also generate calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, magnesium nitrate and ammonium nilrite etc. after the NOx adsorption, can directly obtain peat nitrogenous fertilizer after the absorption.But owing to adopt mud coal or the direct absorption tail gas of brown coal, not only adsorption capacity is low, and the adsorbent utilization rate is low, thereby the not industrialization as yet of this method.
Adopt mud coal or brown coal NOx adsorption tail gas mainly to be owing to wherein contain abundant humic-acid-type substances.Humic acid is the macromolecule organic matter of a class complexity, can extract to obtain from peat, brown coal, weathered coal and soil, also can directly obtain by fermentations such as biomass straws.The scientific research personnel utilizes biomass ferment to make biochemical humic acid, produces the humic acid product with the raw material and the scientific methods of cheapness, and various in recent years biochemical humic acids obtain a large amount of practical applications.
At present, metal oxide is used for the smoke catalytic desulphurization denitration and has carried out extensive studies, U.S. Pat 4039478 discloses a kind of metal oxide desulfur technology, it is the preparation method of desulfurizing machine with the metal oxide that Japan Patent JP4985074 discloses a kind of, SNAP aluminium oxide-sodium is desulfurizing and denitrifying process simultaneously, can reach 90%SO 2With 70%~90%NOx removal efficiency.The alumina catalyzation carrier removes at vehicle exhaust and has obtained wide industrial aspect the NOx and use.
Because there is strong complexing in the big molecule of humic-acid kind with metal ion or metal oxide, if with the humic acid uniform load on aluminum oxide porous catalytic carrier, just can increase the contact area of flue gas and absorbent greatly, solve the above-mentioned too low problem of utilization rate of utilizing the direct denitration of mud coal, and because the strong complexing of big molecule of humic-acid kind and metal oxide oxidation catalyst carrier, to produce a large amount of high activity adsorption potentials, can greatly improve the absorptive capacity that absorbs carrier.
Utilize activated carbon, activated carbon fiber, activated coke and cupric oxide and aluminium oxide simultaneously the technology of desulphurization denitration exist desorption temperature height, regeneration difficulty, catch fire and shortcoming such as loss of activity the commercial Application difficulty easily.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of method of utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer.Utilization of the present invention is carried on humate on the alumina support and the SO in the waste gas 2, NO 2Sulfonation, nitration reaction take place, in desulphurization denitration by-product a kind of be the fertilizer of main component with sulfonation nitro humic acid salt.Take into account environmental protection and recycling simultaneously, and conversion zone to be easy to regeneration, governance efficiency height, secondary pollution few, good in economic efficiency.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, specifically comprises the steps:
1. utilize alumina fiber, after the extrusion modling, sinter porous carrier into;
Described alumina fiber, its diameter are 0.01~30 μ m, and length-to-diameter is 1~100.
Described sintered porous carrier, its sintering temperature are to be 500~1500 ℃.
The porous catalytic carrier of described sinter molding, its porosity are 35%~85%, and proportion is 300~800kg/m 3
2. porous carrier is flooded in the solution that adds catalyst formulation, dry then, roasting forms the porous catalytic carrier.
Described catalyst formulation is any by in the compounds such as Pt, Co, Ni, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, Zn, La, and its mass percentage content is 0.1~20%.
Described drying and roasting, baking temperature are 60~200 ℃, and be 8~24 hours drying time, and sintering temperature is 400~900 ℃, and roasting time is 4~8 hours.
3. load there is the porous catalytic carrier of catalyst to flood at humate solution;
Described humate solution is meant: sodium humate, humic acid potassium or ammonium humate solution, its mass percentage content are 1~50%.
The porous catalytic carrier that 4. will flood humate solution is packed in the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower, forms the adsorption/absorption conversion zone;
5. the gas approach section at the desulphurization denitration tower sprays into water smoke, make the flue gas humidification, utilize fume afterheat, make the water smoke gasification, under hot moist steam effect, load has sulfur oxide and the reaction of nitrogen oxides in the porous catalytic carrier adsorption/absorption flue gas of humate on the conversion zone, realizes flue gas and desulfurizing and denitrifying;
Described desulphurization denitration, its adsorption/absorption conversion zone temperature is between 0 ℃~300 ℃.
6. porous catalytic carrier adsorption/absorption saturated after, water spray irrigation adsorption/absorption conversion zone removes the desulphurization denitration product that generates totally.
Described desulphurization denitration product is sulfonation nitro humic acid salt, nitro humic acid salt and sulfonated humic acid salt organic fertilizer efficiently.
On completing steps basis 6., further on the porous catalytic carrier, spray the dipping humate once more, make the adsorption/absorption conversion zone obtain regeneration.
Described adsorption/absorption conversion zone obtains regeneration, is meant: employing is sprayed the discharging regeneration that floods humate after the porous catalytic carrier is drawn off the desulphurization denitration tower, perhaps adopts and directly spray the online regeneration that floods humate on reaction unit.
Described adsorption/absorption conversion zone obtains regeneration, adopts the double tower alternate run, and a tower absorbs operation, a tower cleaning and regeneration.
Described desulphurization denitration solution product is concentrated, filters, dewaters and drying, and generating particle diameter again in comminutor is the particle of 0.1~50mm, can obtain sulfonation nitro humic acid salt, nitro humic acid salt and sulfonated humic acid salt particle fertilizer.
The present invention adopts alumina fibre porous catalytic carrier impregnation humate (sodium humate, humic acid sylvite, or ammonium humate), make the duct finishing one deck humate organic polymer in the porous catalytic carrier film, by the complexing of catalyst on humic acid organic polymer and the duct wall, form the activated adoption position; Utilize macromolecular hydrophobic framework of humic-acid kind and swelling, under the hot moist steam effect of flue gas humidification, the organic polymer metal complex coating generation dehydration that the alumina fibre upper surface is modified, generation is out of shape, twists and splits bloated, obtains the abundant microporous structure.Therefore, on the duct of the porous catalytic carrier of a large amount of humates of uniform load, following suction-operated will take place:
SO 2→ SO 2 *(ADSORPTION STATE)
NO → NO *(ADSORPTION STATE)
O 2→ O 2 *(ADSORPTION STATE)
H 2O → H 2O *(ADSORPTION STATE)
SO 2 *+O 2 *→SO 3 *
NO *+O 2 *→NO 2 *
SO 3 *+H 2O *→H 2SO 4 *
NO 2 *+H 2O *→HNO 3 *
Humate has superpower suction swelling, in the environment that sprays into water smoke in right amount, its active group is exposed in the aerosol fully, humate and adsorbed ion contact probability have been increased, and will improve the ability that the duct wall adsorbs sulfur dioxide significantly, make the humate on the wall of catalytic carrier duct rapidly and to adsorb the sulfuric acid reaction that transforms in the micropore, generate sulfonated humic acid salt; Under the effect of alumina catalyzation carrier, the nitric acid reaction that is transformed by ADSORPTION STATE NO in humate on the wall of duct and the micropore generates nitro humic acid salt simultaneously.Sulfonating reaction takes place in nitro humic acid salt again, generates sulfonation nitro humic acid salt at last.Its reaction equation is as follows:
(1) sulfonating reaction of humate, product are sulfonated humic acid salt:
Figure S2007100454432D00041
(2) nitration reaction of humate, product are nitro humic acid salt:
Figure S2007100454432D00042
(3) sulfonating reaction of nitro humic acid salt, product are sulfonation nitro humic acid salt:
Figure S2007100454432D00043
Above-mentioned reaction has realized the efficient desulphurization denitration simultaneously of reactor, and the desulphurization denitration product is can be by the sulfonation nitro humic acid salt of plant absorbing, and nitro humic acid salt and sulfonated humic acid salt, and they all are the high-quality fertilizer material.
Utilization of the present invention is carried on the humate on the alumina support, with the SO in the waste gas 2, NO 2Sulfonation, nitration reaction take place, and a kind of sulfonation nitro humic acid of by-product salt fertilizer in desulphurization denitration the invention has the advantages that: 1) take into account recycling and environmental protection two aspects simultaneously; 2) the adsorption/absorption conversion zone is easy to regeneration, and sulphur denitration product is convenient to clean and is removed; 3) the desulphurization denitration byproduct is a kind ofly to be not only a kind of fine plant growth promoter than humic acid organic composite fertilizer more efficiently, can also improve the utilization rate of inorganic fertilizer, has played fertilizer synergistic agent; 4) utilize waste gas residual heat heating desulphurization denitration tower, energy-saving effect is good; 5) the present invention has efficiently, low cost, low emission, secondary pollution is few and the significant advantage of product resource.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 process flow diagram of the present invention
Wherein: desulphurization denitration tower 1, inspissator 2, filter 3.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated, present embodiment has provided detailed embodiment and specific operation process being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Utilize alumina fiber, its diameter is about 0.01 μ m, be squeezed into cellular after, sinter porous carrier at 500 ℃, the porosity of the porous carrier of sinter molding is 35%, proportion is 800kg/m 3, with the porous catalytic carrier of sinter molding at Cu (NO 3) 2Dipping in the solution (mass percentage content is 20%); then 60 ℃ of dryings 24 hours; 400 ℃ of roastings 8 hours; again with behind the porous catalytic carrier impregnation sodium humate solution (mass percentage content is 1%); pack in the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1; form the adsorption/absorption conversion zone; gas approach section at desulphurization denitration tower 1 sprays into water smoke; make the flue gas humidification; utilize fume afterheat; make the water smoke gasification; the temperature of control conversion zone is at 80 ℃; under hot moist steam effect; load has sulfur oxide and the nitrogen oxide in the porous catalytic carrier adsorption/absorption flue gas of humate on the conversion zone; realize flue gas and desulfurizing and denitrifying; the desulphurization denitration product is the sulfonation nitro-humic acid sodium; efficient organic fertilizer such as nitro-humic acid sodium and sulfonated humic acid sodium; after the porous catalytic carrier absorption is saturated; water spray irrigation adsorption/absorption conversion zone; the products such as sulfonation nitro-humic acid sodium that generate are removed totally; adopt then the porous catalytic carrier is drawn off the regeneration that sprays the dipping sodium humate behind the desulphurization denitration tower; make the adsorption/absorption conversion zone obtain regeneration; above process adopts the double tower alternate run; one tower absorbs operation; one tower cleaning and regeneration; the desulphurization denitration by-product solution that washes down is concentrated and after filter 3 filters through inspissator 2; dehydration then; utilize solar energy drying, generating particle diameter again in comminutor is the particle of 0.1mm, can obtain sulfonation nitro-humic acid sodium granulated fertilizer.Flue gas is after present embodiment is handled, and desulfurization off sulfide effect is good, the sulfonation nitro-humic acid sodium of by-product, nitro-humic acid sodium and sulfonated humic acid sodium fertilizer efficiency height.
Embodiment 2
Utilize alumina fiber, its diameter is 5 μ m, push rectangular-shaped after, sinter porous carrier at 900 ℃, the porosity of the porous carrier of sinter molding is 60%, proportion is 550kg/m 3, with the porous carrier behind the sintering at Ni (COOCH 3) 2Flood in (mass percentage content is 8%) solution; then 110 ℃ of dryings 12 hours; 600 ℃ of roastings 6 hours; again with behind the porous catalytic carrier impregnation humic acid potassium solution (mass percentage content is 20%); pack in the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1; form the adsorption/absorption conversion zone; gas approach section at desulphurization denitration tower 1 sprays into water smoke; make the flue gas humidification; utilize fume afterheat; make the water smoke gasification; the temperature of control conversion zone is at 180 ℃; under hot moist steam effect; load has sulfur oxide and the nitrogen oxide in the porous catalytic carrier adsorption/absorption flue gas of humate on the conversion zone; realize flue gas and desulfurizing and denitrifying; the desulphurization denitration product is the sulfonation nitro khm; nitro khm and sulfonated humic acid potassium etc. is organic fertilizer efficiently; after the porous catalytic carrier absorption is saturated; water spray irrigation adsorption/absorption conversion zone; the products such as sulfonation nitro khm that generate are removed totally; adopt the online regeneration that on reaction unit, directly sprays the dipping humic acid potassium then; make the adsorption/absorption conversion zone obtain regeneration; above process adopts the double tower alternate run; one tower absorbs operation; one tower cleaning and regeneration; the desulphurization denitration by-product solution that washes down is concentrated and after filter 3 filters through inspissator 2; dehydration then; dry; generating particle diameter again in comminutor is the particle of 10mm, can obtain granulated fertilizers such as sulfonation nitro khm.Flue gas is after present embodiment is handled, and desulfurization off sulfide effect is good, and the sulfonation nitro khm of by-product, nitro khm and sulfonated humic acid potash fertilizer are imitated high.
Embodiment 3
Utilize alumina fiber, its diameter is about 30 μ m, be squeezed into cellular after, sinter porous carrier at 1500 ℃, the porosity of the porous carrier of sinter molding is 85%, proportion is 300kg/m 3Porous catalytic carrier behind the sintering is flooded in cobalt nitrate solution (mass percentage content is 0.1%); then 200 ℃ of dryings 8 hours; 900 ℃ of roastings 4 hours; again with behind the porous catalytic carrier impregnation humic acid potassium solution (mass percentage content is 50%); pack in the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1; form the adsorption/absorption conversion zone; flue gas enters the desulphurization denitration tower after the deduster dedusting; gas approach section at the desulphurization denitration tower; spray into water smoke; make the flue gas humidification that enters in the desulphurization denitration tower 1; obtain hot moist steam environment; utilize fume afterheat; make the water smoke gasification; control desulfurization and denitrification reaction layer temperature is at 300 ℃; load has sulfur oxide and the nitrogen oxide in the porous catalytic carrier adsorption/absorption flue gas of humate on the conversion zone; realize desulphurization denitration simultaneously; the desulphurization denitration product is mainly the sulfonation nitro khm; nitro khm and sulfonated humic acid potassium etc. is organic fertilizer efficiently; after the porous catalytic carrier absorption is saturated; water spray irrigation adsorption/absorption conversion zone; the products such as sulfonation nitro khm that generate are removed totally; adopt the online regeneration that on reaction unit, directly sprays the dipping humic acid potassium then; make the adsorption/absorption conversion zone obtain regeneration; above process adopts the double tower alternate run; one tower absorbs operation; one tower cleaning and regeneration; the desulphurization denitration by-product solution that washes down is concentrated and after filter 3 filters through inspissator 2; dehydration then; utilize solar energy drying; generating particle diameter again in comminutor is the particle of 50mm, can obtain granulated fertilizers such as sulfonation nitro khm.Flue gas is after present embodiment is handled, and desulfurization off sulfide effect is good, and the sulfonation nitro khm of by-product, nitro khm and sulfonated humic acid potash fertilizer are imitated high.

Claims (10)

1. a method of utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1. utilize alumina fiber, after the extrusion modling, sinter porous carrier into;
2. porous carrier is flooded in the solution that adds catalyst formulation, dry then, roasting forms the porous catalytic carrier.
3. the porous catalytic carrier is flooded in humate solution;
4. in the desulphurization denitration tower, utilize load that the porous catalytic carrier of humate is arranged, form flue gas desulfurization and denitrification adsorption/absorption conversion zone;
5. the gas approach section at the desulphurization denitration tower sprays into water smoke, makes the flue gas humidification, utilizes fume afterheat, make the water smoke gasification, under hot moist steam effect, load has sulfur oxide and the nitrogen oxide in the porous catalytic carrier adsorption/absorption flue gas of humate on the conversion zone, realizes flue gas and desulfurizing and denitrifying;
6. the porous catalytic carrier absorption saturated after, water spray irrigation adsorption/absorption conversion zone removes the desulphurization denitration product that generates totally.
2. the method for utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the alumina fiber of step described in 1., and its diameter is 0.01~30 μ m, length-to-diameter is 1~100.
3. according to claim 1 or the 2 described methods of utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that, the porous carrier of step described in 1., its sintering temperature is 500~1500 ℃, the porous carrier of sinter molding, its porosity is 35%-85%, and proportion is 300-800kg/m 3
4. the method for utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the catalyst formulation of step described in 2., be any by in Pt, Co, Ni, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, Zn, the La compound, its mass percentage content is 0.1~20%.
5. according to claim 1 or the 4 described methods of utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that, drying and the roasting of step described in 2., baking temperature is 60~200 ℃, be 8~24 hours drying time; Sintering temperature is 400~900 ℃, and roasting time is 4~8 hours.
6. the method for utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described humate solution is meant: sodium humate, humic acid potassium or ammonium humate solution, its mass percentage content are 1~50%.
7. the method for utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described flue gas desulfurization and denitrification, and the temperature of its adsorption/absorption conversion zone is between 0 ℃~300 ℃.
8. the method for utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described desulphurization denitration product is the organic fertilizer of sulfonation nitro humic acid salt, nitro humic acid salt and sulfonated humic acid salt.
9. according to claim 1 or the 8 described methods of utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that, with described desulphurization denitration product, solution concentrates, filters, dewaters and is dry, generating particle diameter is the particle of 0.1~50mm, obtains to contain the granulated fertilizer of sulfonation nitro humic acid salt, nitro humic acid salt and sulfonated humic acid salt.
10. according to the right 1 described method of utilizing humates simultaneously desulfurizing and denitrating to produce compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that, on completing steps basis 6., further on the porous catalytic carrier, spray the dipping humate once more, make the adsorption/absorption conversion zone obtain regeneration, described adsorption/absorption conversion zone obtains regeneration, be meant: employing is sprayed the discharging regeneration that floods humate after the porous catalytic carrier is drawn off the desulphurization denitration tower, perhaps adopts and directly spray the online regeneration that floods humate on reaction unit.
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102276296A (en) * 2011-07-19 2011-12-14 库尔勒海荣工贸有限公司 Method for preparing water-soluble organic nitrogenous fertilizer
CN102276300A (en) * 2011-07-19 2011-12-14 库尔勒海荣工贸有限公司 Full-value organic fertilizer for drop irrigation and preparation method thereof
CN103539952A (en) * 2012-07-10 2014-01-29 厦门大学 Novel humic acid sulfonatiion process
CN108159826A (en) * 2018-02-28 2018-06-15 魏新荣 A kind of multifunctional purification apparatus
CN110585842A (en) * 2019-10-11 2019-12-20 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Dust removal and dehumidification device and method for treating slag treatment waste gas
CN110724001A (en) * 2018-06-29 2020-01-24 辽宁北环净化技术有限公司 Post-treatment method of GFX dry desulfurization and denitrification adsorption block
CN115090100A (en) * 2022-06-22 2022-09-23 华能湖南岳阳发电有限责任公司 Desulfurization and denitrification reactor for thermal power plant and desulfurization and denitrification method

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102276296A (en) * 2011-07-19 2011-12-14 库尔勒海荣工贸有限公司 Method for preparing water-soluble organic nitrogenous fertilizer
CN102276300A (en) * 2011-07-19 2011-12-14 库尔勒海荣工贸有限公司 Full-value organic fertilizer for drop irrigation and preparation method thereof
CN103539952A (en) * 2012-07-10 2014-01-29 厦门大学 Novel humic acid sulfonatiion process
CN108159826A (en) * 2018-02-28 2018-06-15 魏新荣 A kind of multifunctional purification apparatus
CN110724001A (en) * 2018-06-29 2020-01-24 辽宁北环净化技术有限公司 Post-treatment method of GFX dry desulfurization and denitrification adsorption block
CN110585842A (en) * 2019-10-11 2019-12-20 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Dust removal and dehumidification device and method for treating slag treatment waste gas
CN115090100A (en) * 2022-06-22 2022-09-23 华能湖南岳阳发电有限责任公司 Desulfurization and denitrification reactor for thermal power plant and desulfurization and denitrification method
CN115090100B (en) * 2022-06-22 2023-04-25 华能湖南岳阳发电有限责任公司 Desulfurization and denitrification reactor for thermal power plant and desulfurization and denitrification method

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