CN101182173A - Key technology scheme according to improvement for insulation and material mechanics performance of aerated concrete - Google Patents
Key technology scheme according to improvement for insulation and material mechanics performance of aerated concrete Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a key technical scheme for promoting thermal insulation and material mechanical performances of aerated concrete, which belongs to the building envelope insulation technical field. The invention promotes the performances of the aerated concrete in two steps to facilitate the concrete to be capable of satisfying the requirements of the national construction energy saving (50-80 percent) standard: the first step is to improve the thermal insulation performance until the stem thermal conductivity coefficient is smaller than or equal to 0.05W/(m question mark K); the second step is to strengthen the material mechanical performance until the cube compressive strength is larger than or equal to 3.5MPa and larger than or equal to 2.0MPa after 100 times of freeze-thaw. The first step includes: firstly, minimizing the density of the aerated concrete; secondly, maximizing the porosity; thirdly, optimizing the pore structure. The second step includes: firstly, enhancing additive; secondly, strengthening fibers; thirdly, optimizing the coordination; fourthly, optimizing the mixing process; fifthly, improving the maintenance method (including CO2, variable pressure steam nourishing, middle temperature and high humidity and strength agent surface maintenance).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the gordian technique scheme that gas concrete is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes, belong to architectural exterior-protecting construction heat preservation technology field.
Background technology
The architectural exterior-protecting construction heat preservation technology generally is divided into four classes: sandwich heat preservation, interior insulation, insulation and self-heat conserving outward.
Because the anti-seismic performance of sandwich heat preservation structure is bad, this heat preservation technology is eliminated substantially in China.
Interior insulation is difficult to avoid heat (cold) bridge, heat (cold) bridge is the weak link of architectural exterior-protecting construction, usually appear at the positions such as forming column place, collar tie beam and window place of body of wall corner and interior exterior wall handing-over, extraneous heat (cold) air passes through this type of thin spot to indoor infiltration, between body of wall and lagging material, form moisture, mildew easily, serious even can destroy the finishing layer.And inside thermal conservation material mostly is organic materials, and fire and poisoning hidden danger can't solve.Therefore, the application of internal insulation structure also is restricted.
Outer insulation is that China uses maximum insulation constructions at present, and its technology is comparative maturity also.Reason is that architectural exterior-protecting construction insulation layer covers, and is equivalent to extraneous mal-condition is refused can stop the drawback that heat (cold) bridge brings basically fully outside building, and can avoid the wall crazing that causes because of material temperature, and the life-span of structure is longer relatively.But the shortcoming of outer insulation also is tangible: the one, and the cost height.It is higher about 1.5 times than the cost of insulation in doing that same building is done outer insulation.The technology such as tackiness agent, fixed form and outer glass fiber net that outer insulation is adopted are dependence on import always, though occur qualified production domesticization product in recent years, price is still very high, so have only high-grade public building just can afford to use; Second shortcoming is that the heat insulation facing layer is exposed among the wind and frost sleet, makes its work-ing life short, poor stability.In addition, industry standard " External Thermal Insulation Technology for External rules " regulation external wall heat insulation system must fire prevention, waterproof, shock-resistant, its weather resistance should reach more than 25 years, and all materials each other must be compatible with each other, all should meet the specification of quality of the countries concerned's standard.Simultaneously, the area being subjected to biological infringement such as the plague of rats, insect pest also should have anti-biological infringement performance.The requirement of these strictnesses can make the cost of outer heat-preserving building further improve undoubtedly, the complex process degree further increases.In addition, really be not easy very much to reach for outer heat insulating work the work-ing life in 25 years.But for building, the life-span in 25 years is too short.Just think, after 25 years, in the time of need reforming outer heat insulating work, can bring great trouble to the user! And bonding total good not as original between external thermal insulation of reforming and the body of wall, will be difficult to its work-ing life has 25 years again, and how huge this could bring inconvenience to the user again!
Because in the self-heat conserving structure, lagging material is a structural body, and is inorganic materials, so its life-span and building coexist.
In view of the foregoing, architectural exterior-protecting construction self-heat conserving technology has obtained the industry attention, and has obtained development to a certain degree.
Patent CN 1916324A discloses the building block of the incorporate staggered successive round layer complex heat-preservation of a kind of wall brick or brick, faced wall, buildings, claims that they can be widely used in low, many, high-rise self-heat conserving building; CN 1928275A has described a kind of preformed self thermal insulation protective layer plate of reinforced concrete member, and it is combined into one by glass reinforced concrete glass layer, insulating and with ribbing 's glass reinforced concrete glass layer superposition successively; CN 2646263Y has separated a kind of structure of energy saving building exterior enclosure wall.It comprises self heat insulation wall, is incubated reinforced concrete beam, post outward, and self heat insulation wall is built into by heat insulating wall material and light heat-insulation masonry mortar; CN 2876208Y has described the outer thermal insulation structure of a kind of energy saving building building enclosure self heat insulation wall concrete beam, post; CN 1915896A provides a kind of construction material, particularly a kind of sintered, energy saving and heat retaining hollow bricks.Offer several rectangular through-hole on the brick body, the through hole of adjacent column staggers mutually, and hole ratio is 30～45%; CN 1888340A relates to a kind of concrete house structural system of heat insulating, and purpose provides the high performance concrete structure material of a kind of usefulness and high efficiency heat-insulation and heat-preservation material is the self-insulating concrete house structural system of not theing least concerned; CN 2394980Y discloses a kind of heat preserving and insulating material and concrete hollow block of utilizing and is integrated, and can play the concrete hollow block of self-heat preservation heat insulation effect, and it is by concrete hollow block, and heat preserving and insulating material constitutes; CN 1904284A relates to a kind of materials for wall, i.e. self heat insulating energy saving building block and constructional method.Be characterized in comprising main piece, auxilliary piece B and auxilliary piece C, main piece is provided with three rounds, uniform two the rectangle vertical cores in middle part, and opposite ends is provided with the rectangle vertical slot, and two are provided with the insulation vertical core that is uneven in length excessively; CN 2756734Y discloses a kind of heat insulation building block, and left and right two halves building block body is arranged, and penetration cavity up and down is set between the left and right two halves building block body, is filled with the filled thermal insulation materials layer in this cavity; CN 2844270Y discloses the outer insulation blocks of a kind of gas concrete, and it is made of concrete pellet and gas concrete layer.The concrete pellet is arranged on building block inside, as load-bearing material, the gas concrete layer is arranged on the concrete pellet periphery of load-bearing, as the outer insulation of concrete pellet, the concrete pellet can also can have hollow hole for solid; CN 2732877Y relates to a kind of gas concrete self-heat preservation heat insulation wall, it has the concrete beam and column, the masonry that has aerated concrete building block to build by laying bricks or stones therebetween, have between aerated concrete building block the pre-buried of level or after the reinforcing bar of planting, on the outer surface of beam and column, articulamentum, thermal insulation layer, protective layer and finish coat are arranged successively from inside to outside; CN 2871687Y discloses a kind of novel stepped appearance gas concrete insulation blocks, the stepped appearance building block of being made by gas concrete constitutes, its body of wall that is built into can not form straight-through horizontal mortar joint, can effectively reduce the cold bridge of horizontal mortar joint, and when building by laying bricks or stones, can in body of wall, prolong the body of wall length direction, in two trapezoidal building block intermediary perps, sandwich the foam heat-insulating board lagging material, further improve the heat-insulating property of wall.
Need not query, above-mentioned patented technology is that the construction business of China has been made certain contribution.But, the structure that these patents are related or be not self-heat conserving structure (because in this structure compound other heat preserving and insulating material (except the air)), only talk thermal resistance (even in fact the thermal conductivity of material is very big, as long as structural thickness is enough thick, the thermal resistance of this structure still can be very big, so can not say something), or only get on to consider heat-insulating property from the structure design, and the thermal conductivity of structured material itself is still very big.So above-mentioned patent all fails really to solve the technical problem that building self-heat conserving building enclosure itself exists.
In fact, in all building materials, autoclaved lightweight concrete (ALC) is at present unique energy-conservation 50% self-heat conserving product that requires that is hopeful to satisfy.The density of ALC, thermal conductivity and strength grade relation are as shown in table 1:
Density, thermal conductivity and the strength grade of table 1 premium grads ALC
| The volume density rank | B03 | B04 | B05 | B06 | B07 | B08 |
| Density (kg/m 3) thermal conductivity (W/ (mK)) ultimate compression strength (MPa) | 300 0.11 1.0 | 400 0.12 2.0 | 500 0.14 3.5 | 600 0.16 5.0 | 700 0.17 7.5 | 800 - 10.0 |
Table 1 shows,, density high more when the porosity of material more hour, the heat-insulating property of ALC is good more.But what high porosity and low density were brought simultaneously is that material mechanical performance descends.
After industry standard required to reach second step energy-conservation 50%, the heat transfer coefficient of roofing was brought up to 0.6～0.8W/ (m
2K), and B06 level thermal conductivity to be the gas concrete of 0.16W/ (mK) will reach above-mentioned thermal technology's index, calculated thickness surpasses 250mm possibly, no matter as if this lost realistic meaning with regard to roofing load and shared thickness.Therefore, research and develop high adiabatic high strength ALC goods, make its dried thermal conductivity≤0.05 W/ (mK), dry density≤300kg/m
3, cubic compressive strength before freeze thawing 〉=3.5Mpa, after (100 times) freeze thawing 〉=2.0MPa, become the research focus and the difficult point of industry.But in order to reach this purpose, must and technical new breakthrough be arranged in method.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem:
The purpose of this invention is to provide the gordian technique scheme that gas concrete is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes, make and adopt the gas concrete of these scheme improvement to satisfy national building energy conservation (50%～80%) standard-required with single-material.Specifically, the gas concrete after the improvement possesses following performance: its dried thermal conductivity≤0.05W/ (mK), dry density≤300kg/m
3, cubic compressive strength before freeze thawing 〉=3.5Mpa, after (100 times) freeze thawing 〉=2.0MPa.
Technical scheme:
Technical scheme of the present invention is to carry out the gas concrete heat-insulating property earlier to promote, till meeting the demands (as dried thermal conductivity≤0.05W/ (mK)); Carry out material mechanical performance then and strengthen, and till satisfying the non-bearing wall body requirement (as cubic compressive strength 〉=3.5Mpa), after (100 times) freeze thawing 〉=2.0MPa.Proceed in two phases:
The first step is carried out heat-insulating property to gas concrete and is promoted.
At first raw material (as quartz sand, silicon ash, cement, unslaked lime and gypsum etc.) wear into ultrafine powder, in the concrete foaming process, suitably increase (bubble) amount of getting angry then, so that concrete density minimizes and porosity maximizes, until the dried thermal conductivity≤0.05W/ of final product (mK).Note, concrete density is minimized and the maximized while of porosity, should make the pore closed pore as far as possible and make pore opening, gas cell distribution and hole wall structure homogenizing.These speed of reaction that can pass through first chemical reaction, particularly unslaked lime of grasp unslaked lime and water reaction generation white lime and white lime and water and aluminium powder reach.Concrete realization technical scheme is as follows:
(1) gas concrete density is minimized
(its thermal conductivity only has 0.026W/ (mK) because dry air has good heat-insulating property, almost be lower than all thermal insulation materials), the source is abundant simultaneously, does not need cost substantially, so must make concrete be full of air (be distributed in each independently pore in) as far as possible.In order to reach this purpose, first work that we will do is exactly that the density of concrete product is minimized.Therefore, suitably add some light skeletals (account for siccative gross weight 12%～25%), as heaving shales, aphrolite, volcanic tuff, sintered diatomite, slag, flyash, perlite, vermiculite and light porous non-crystalline state SiO
2Powder etc.Consider light porous non-crystalline state SiO
2Have the intensity height, the little and big characteristics of thermal resistance of density, the present invention preferentially selects light porous non-crystalline state SiO for use
2(utilize wollastonite high on the Jiangxi or Changbai mountain, Jilin diatomite and hydrochloric acid reaction can make specific surface area and surpass 400m
2/ g reaches as high as 600m
2The light porous non-crystalline state SiO of/g
2).
(2) make the maximization of gas concrete porosity
Second work is to make the maximization of the porosity of concrete product.The aggregate that the present invention uses is circular granular without exception, does not adopt sheet or strip particle.The particulate maximum particle diameter is 0.2mm, and the best is 0.01～0.05mm, in other words, makes the powder super-refinement exactly.Has only the powder super-refinement, could stir out the superfine mortar, and then bubble is distributed in the slurries, finally make and be covered with pore in the gas concrete equably, simultaneously, the powder super-refinement is the optimized precondition of air hole structure, and can make in the gas concrete is exactly closely knit air vent wall except circular pore, is the assurance of ultralight matter concrete structural strength.Next, the speed of reaction that generates first chemical reaction, particularly unslaked lime of white lime and white lime and water and aluminium powder by grasp unslaked lime and water reaction is controlled gas forming amount so that it is big as best one can, but bubble can not be communicated with to keep closed pore.Tell about in conjunction with following air hole structure optimization.
(3) make gas concrete air hole structure optimization (comprising pore closed pore and pore opening, gas cell distribution and hole wall structure homogenizing)
Air hole structure not only has influence on the heat-insulating property of gas concrete, directly influences its structural strength especially.The air hole structure optimization is the key in the key.The pore optimization comprises to be made the pore closed pore and makes pore opening, gas cell distribution and hole wall structure homogenizing.Can reach this purpose by following technology.
Gas concrete is to be rich in SiO by mixing
2Material (as fine quartz sand or flyash), cement, vitriol (as plaster stone CaSO
42H
2O), unslaked lime (CaO) and aluminium powder (foaming agent) and water form.In first chemical reaction, unslaked lime and water reaction generate white lime Ca (OH)
2And emit a large amount of heat, white lime and water and aluminium powder react production hydrogen jointly then, shown in following two formulas:
CaO+H
2O→Ca(OH)
2
2AL+3Ca(OH)
2+6H
2O→3CaOAL
2O
3·H
2O+3H
2↑
Hydrogen make concrete expand 2 times or more than, made porous material.
Treat concrete initial set finish and have certain intensity (as final strength 30%) after, cellular concrete is cut into the shape and size of wanting, carry out maintenance then to set up intensity, hardness and weather resistance (mainly be cement composition sclerosis).Second chemical reaction gives cellular concrete intensity, hardness and weather resistance.
First chemical reaction of unslaked lime and water reaction generation white lime and white lime and water and aluminium powder is very crucial to the influence of the finished product character.Especially, grasp speed of reaction (and then control water and unslaked lime (CaO), the SiO of unslaked lime
2And can liberated heat and hydrogen in the reaction of aluminium powder) most important to pore optimization and low density, high strength and the high-durability of control cellular concrete.
At present, the speed of reaction of control unslaked lime is controlled by the calcining parameter that changes unslaked lime and is changed: as the type by change incinerating temperature, time length and calcining furnace, can produce the unslaked lime (as soft rock ash and admant ash) with differential responses speed.Need take much time but set up this method, therefore just profitable when having only the unslaked lime that mass production has certain special speed of reaction.In addition, the quality that changes unslaked lime may press quality of concrete to have a negative impact to the aerating steaming.
The present invention controls the speed of reaction of unslaked lime by the method for adding chemical admixture.Present method does not rely on the calcination process of unslaked lime or changes the parameter of calcination process; Can adjust the speed of reaction of unslaked lime fast, economically; Can change speed of reaction according to the needs of the final performance of gas concrete; Can anticipate the unslaked lime that is used for other process, also can directly join in the slurry of unslaked lime, water and other composition; Can not have a negative impact to final cellular concrete product.
The chemical additive that can be used to control the speed of reaction of unslaked lime has: glycerine, glycols, lignosulfonate/naphtalene sulfonate, amine, polyacrylic ester, metal sulfate, plaster stone (CaSiO
42H
2O), sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, carboxylate salt, sucrose etc.More satisfactory additive has sulfuric acid, plaster stone, alkali and alkaline earth, metal lignosulfonate/naphtalene sulfonate, glycerine, ethylene glycol, Diethylene Glycol, triglycol, single vinyl-amine, diethyl enamine, triethylene amine, polyacrylic ester (comprising the polyacrylic acid metal-salt, as sodium polyacrylate and polyacrylic acid potassium etc.).
These chemical additives account for 0.1%～5% of unslaked lime weight, and are better at 0.1%～2% o'clock, best at 0.5%～1% o'clock, can change by desired speed of reaction.
More satisfactory is, these chemical additives in advance with the unslaked lime mixing, and then with fine quartz sand, non-crystalline state SiO
2Powder, cement, gypsum, sodium sulfate, fiber, water glass (water glass), silicone oil, aluminium powder and water mix.
Simultaneously, the control air hole structure be unable to do without bubble stabilizer.Bubble stabilizer can make bubble independent (nonjoinder is not broken), big or small homogeneous yet, be evenly distributed, and can also make concrete be hydrophobic nature (because bubble stabilizer mostly is oil substances) by hydrophilically modified simultaneously.
Bubble stabilizer comprises: aliphatic hydrocarbon, aryl radical and paraffin class, silicone emulsion (as dimethicone oils), acrylic latex etc.
Bubble stabilizer accounts for 0.04%～0.3%, and more satisfactory is 0.15%～0.22%.
Add bubble stabilizer and not only can improve water resistance, and can improve concrete crushing strength (improving 14% approximately), can reduce shrinking percentage (reducing by 30% approximately) simultaneously.
Density minimizes, porosity maximizes and the air hole structure optimization can make the concrete thermal conductivity greatly descend, until less than 0.05W/ (mK).Maximization has made hole wall thin as best one can with porosity because density minimizes, thereby makes heat conducting approach greatly reduce; Because pore seals, so the convective heat exchange of air can not form; High porosity has been made and has been bordering on infinite a plurality of plane of refraction and plane of reflection simultaneously, not only can block thermal conduction, and can block and absorptive thermal radiation.When concrete product is used for temperature and is higher than 100 ℃ environment, can in siccative, sneak into heat radiation screening materials such as nano titanium oxide (account for total siccative weight 0.01%～0.1%) and block thermal-radiating ability with further lifting concrete.
In second step, gas concrete is carried out material mechanical performance strengthen.
Density minimizes with porosity maximization the intensity of gas concrete is greatly weakened, but after the air hole structure optimization, the intensity of gas concrete has obtained remedying significantly, use following technology (additive enhancing, fiber reinforcement, assembly optimization, whipping process optimization and improve maintenance process) again, can be promoted to (before the freeze thawing) more than the 3.5Mpa to cubic compressive strength, after (100 times) freeze thawing more than 2.0MPa.
(1) additive strengthens
In the gas concrete slurries, add mechanics of materials enhancement additive.The additive that can be used to strengthen aerated concrete compressive strength has water glass, manganese salt, barium salt, zinc salt, molysite, aluminium salt, calcium salt (is gypsum as calcium sulfate), magnesium salts, sodium salt, molybdenum salt, titanium salt, organic amine, silicone based, resene (as modified sulfonated melamine formaldehyde resin etc.) etc.
That more satisfactory is sodium sulfate (Na
2SO
4), water glass (is water glass Na
2OnSiO
2), SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO
3), silicone based and resene and their composition (for example mixture of water glass and resene).
Usually can improve aerated concrete compressive strength more than 20%.
These additives account for 0.1%～5% of siccative gross weight, and the best is 0.5-1.5%.
(2) fiber reinforcement
Can be used to the inner fiber that strengthens gas concrete tension and rupture strength reinforcing glass fiber, basalt fibre, aramid fiber, pbo fiber, Dyneema fiber, modified polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fibre etc. are arranged.Require these fibers to have high-tensile and low heat conductivity energy, therefore can not use carbon fiber (because its thermal conductivity is very big).
The diameter of fiber between 1um～5um, the about 0.3～0.6mm of length.Reinforced effects is obvious inadequately when being shorter than 0.3mm, is longer than the then easy tied up in knots of 0.6mm, can not uniform distribution.
The amount of fiber accounts for 0.02%～5% of concrete drier gross weight.Fiber during this period can play the effect of stabilise bubbles, thereby obtains stable, uniform air hole structure.Less than 0.02%, then do not have the effect of stabilise bubbles as the amount of fruit fiber, at this moment air hole structure can cave in.Amount as fruit fiber is higher than 5%, and then fiber can not uniform distribution, can influence the distribution of hydrogen gas bubbles like this.
(3) assembly optimization
The assembly of material obviously produces greatly influence to heat-insulating property, material mechanical performance, water resistance and other performance such as weather resistance, endurance quality, corrosion resistance, frost resistance, drying shrinkage, anti-water softening, sound insulation property and the processibility etc. of gas concrete.The present invention optimizes the assembly of gas concrete according to the requirement of high thermal insulation and high-intensity performance, and is specifically as shown in table 2:
The assembly optimization table that table 2 is adiabatic at gas concrete and material mechanical performance promotes
| Composition | Proportioning | Explanation | ||
| Recommendation | Optimum value | |||
| Quartz sand (crystalline state SiO 2) | 30％～40％ | 35％ | Account for the siccative gross weight | Essential |
| Silicon ash (non-crystalline state SiO 2) | 12％～25％ | 15％ | Account for the siccative gross weight | Essential |
| Cement | 18％～30％ | 24％ | Account for the siccative gross weight | Essential |
| Unslaked lime | 10％～15％ | 12％ | Account for the siccative gross weight | Essential |
| Gypsum | 5％～10％ | 7.78% (when adding titanium dioxide is 7.73%) | Account for the siccative gross weight | Essential |
| Additive (the not containing gypsum) a of control unslaked lime speed of reaction | 0.1％～5％ | 1％ | Account for unslaked lime weight | Essential |
| Bubble stabilizer b | 0.04％～0.3％ | 0.22％ | Account for the siccative gross weight | Essential |
| Mechanics of materials enhancement additive (not containing gypsum) c | 0.1％～5％ | 1.5％ | Account for the siccative gross weight | Essential |
| Fortifying fibre d | 0.02%～5% | 1.5% | Account for the siccative gross weight | Essential |
| Aluminium powder | 1.5%～2.5% | 2% | Account for the siccative gross weight | Essential |
| Nano titanium oxide | 0.01%～0.1% | 0.05% | Account for the siccative gross weight | Optional |
| Water e | 50%～60% | 55% | When the weight of non-water constituent is 100, need add water 50～60. | Essential |
Illustrate:
A. the additive of controlling the unslaked lime speed of reaction is meant the mixture of any one or they in sulfuric acid, alkali and alkaline earth, metal lignosulfonate/naphtalene sulfonate, glycerine, ethylene glycol, Diethylene Glycol, triglycol, single vinyl-amine, diethyl enamine, triethylene amine, the polyacrylic ester (comprising the polyacrylic acid metal-salt, as sodium polyacrylate and polyacrylic acid potassium etc.).
B. bubble stabilizer is meant the mixture of any one or they in aliphatic hydrocarbon, aryl radical and paraffin class, silicone emulsion (as dimethicone oils), the acrylic latex.
C. mechanics of materials enhancement additive is meant sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), water glass (being water glass Na2OnSiO2), SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO3), silicone based and resene and their composition (for example mixture of water glass and resene).
D. fortifying fibre is meant a kind of in glass fibre, basalt fibre, aramid fiber, pbo fiber, Dyneema fiber, modified polypropylene fiber, the polyethylene fibre.
The temperature of water is 35 ℃～75 ℃ when e. mixing, and the best is 50 ℃
(4) whipping process optimization
1) (the particulate maximum particle diameter is 0.2mm, and the best is 0.01～0.05mm) quartz sand and gypsum to be worn into ultrafine powder;
2) the suitable water of temperature being added rotating speed is in 2000 rev/mins the high speed agitator;
3) ultrafine powder of quartz sand and gypsum is added in this agitator, stirred 3 minutes;
4) added silicon ash restir 3 minutes;
5) added the cement restir 3 minutes;
6) added mechanics of materials enhancement additive restir 3 minutes;
7) added the fortifying fibre restir 3 minutes;
8) 2 minutes (if there is) of nano titanium oxide restir;
9) additive agent mixture (they are stirred in the other high speed agitator in advance) restir of adding unslaked lime and control unslaked lime speed of reaction is 3 minutes;
10) added the bubble stabilizer restir 3 minutes;
11) added the aluminium powder or the aluminium cream aqueous solution (in other high speed agitator, aluminium powder or aluminium cream are stirred with water in advance, promptly be equivalent to dilute even) restir 2 minutes;
12) slurry is poured into allowed the concrete foaming in the mould.
(5) improve maintenance process
In order to guarantee that high adiabatic gas concrete has above intensity, prescription modulation of the initial stage of various condition enactments, gas concrete and the means such as utilization nanotechnology and molecular designing, the maintenance process of high adiabatic gas concrete is of crucial importance in preparation process.
Maintenance process after the improvement is divided into following four-stage:
Fs is the carbonized maintaining stage: the depanning when concrete strength for the treatment of initial set reaches final strength 30%, cutting, the high adiabatic gas concrete after the cutting is sent in the maintenance cabin by travelling belt, and close the maintenance cabin, send into supercool CO from the pore at top, maintenance cabin
2Gas (temperature is 0 ℃～-57 ℃, purity 〉=99%).Gas is the shotcrete product surface directly, and air inlet port is suitable close, so that CO
2Gas is attached to the concrete upper surface equably; CO then
2Gas under action of gravity to lower slip, CO in coating all concrete products and maintenance cabin
2Gas concentration is more than 95%, and is best more than 98%.Kept in this state 30～40 minutes, no longer than 60 minutes.Annotate: have been found that and use supercool CO
2Gas can improve the maintenance result fast, though this obvious and low temperature CO
2Gas needs high temperature to contradict with aquation.But surprisingly, as supercool CO
2It did not hinder refinforced cement hydration reaction on the contrary when gas used under controlled condition, and this is because supercool CO
2Gas can cause more CO
2Molecule is attached to product surface.Do not advise desalinating CO
2Gas is because lower concentration CO
2Gas can slow down maintenance speed.Maintenance cabin planted agent is provided with controllable production well, so that the gas concentration (water vapor concentration that comprises next step) in the control maintenance cabin.Carbonized maintaining is specially adapted to not contain the concrete product of reinforcing bar.For the concrete precast element that contains reinforcing bar, if doing special protection, rebar surface handled (can guarantee the bond stress between reinforcing bar and the concrete), can use carbonized maintaining.
Subordinate phase is the pressure swing type high-temperature steam curing stage: after the fs finishes, feed 150 ℃ water vapor (directly shotcrete product surface), kept 20 minutes when the air pressure in the maintenance cabin is 0.8～0.9 normal atmosphere; Stop to send into water vapor then, when air pressure is 0.1～0.5 normal atmosphere (the best is 0.2 normal atmosphere), kept 15 minutes; Next continue to be fed into water vapor, the air pressure in the maintenance cabin is 2 normal atmosphere, keeps 30 minutes; Continue the rising air pressure again,, kept 1.5 hours until 4 normal atmosphere.Close water vapor, treat that the pressure in the cabin is reduced to normal pressure, temperature is reduced to about 40 ℃, gets final product deliver from vault.Annotate: these steps can not weaken its final strength in accelerate concrete maintenance process, and have solved the destruction of thermal shocking (being thermal shock) to concrete product well, as be full of cracks, cracking or distortion etc.In a word, can solve the problem that high-pressure steaming and cultivating is brought.
Phase III is the high wet curing stage of middle temperature: open seal bootr after the steam-cured stage finishes, concrete member is sent into warm high wet curing in indoor the carrying out that is incubated high humidity by travelling belt.Concrete member is put well by the form of space determinant, by Controlling System about 60 ℃ softening water under high pressure is injected into vaporific (particle diameter is between 20～40 microns) with warm high humidity environment in making to indoor then.Keep room temperature more than 40 ℃, the situation of relative humidity 100% 6 days.It should be noted that: water directly can not be sprayed to concrete product; This curing room is airtight space, and its building enclosure has good insulation, heat insulation and airtight performance.Its function is higher temperature and a high humidity in the holding chamber, and is not subjected to extraneous weather effect, carries out sufficient hydration to guarantee the cement in the concrete in this stage.
The quadravalence section is the strength agents surface maintenance stage: can do some art veins to the concrete product surface after the phase III finishes and handle, as make corrugated plates, plain weave plate, channel(l)ed plate etc., carry out quadravalence section maintenance (, then directly entering the maintenance of quadravalence section) afterwards if there is not artistic figure line to handle.In order to make the most of moisture that remains in the high adiabatic ALC goods volatilize lentamente and to prevent that excessive moisture gradient (moisture gradient is excessive be concrete table and chap or one of rimose reason) from appearring in concrete surface with the hydration reaction that continues cement, strengthen the intensity (especially surface strength) of ALC goods simultaneously, at finished surface coating or sprinkling concrete strength curing agent (by water glass and the composite aqua of macromolecule resin), it is permeated in ALC inside (degree of depth reaches more than the 1.5cm).Chemical reaction by this intensity curing agent and cement, the structural strength of the cement bone (except that the separated foam part) in the ALC structure is increased, particularly ALC surface strength and hardness (for example improve significantly, when this intensity curing agent is used in general concrete surface, can make concrete surperficial Brinell hardness HB 〉=160 (with steel plate quite in addition surpass)).Placed 3 days in place shady and cool and that do not drenched with rain, promptly finished whole maintenances.
Beneficial effect:
Advantage of the present invention is comprehensively, thoroughly, really solved the technical problem of building self-heat conserving structure itself, adopt the gas concrete of gordian technique scheme improvement provided by the invention to satisfy national building energy conservation (50%～80%) standard-required thereby make, and make the architectural exterior-protecting construction heat preservation technology that huge advance made has taken place to a certain extent with single-material.
The technique effect that the inventive method is brought is very obvious:
(1) density minimizes to maximize to gas concrete with porosity and has brought lightweight and high heat insulating ability, because these two technology have made full use of the lightweight and the high thermal insulation characteristics of dry air.
(2) the air hole structure optimization has not only promoted the heat-insulating property of gas concrete, has greatly improved its structural strength especially.
(3) strength additive can improve aerated concrete compressive strength more than 20%.
(4) fiber not only can strengthen gas concrete tension and rupture strength internally, and can play the effect of stabilise bubbles.
(5) the assembly optimization of material can make the heat-insulating property of gas concrete and structure properties be in optimum state.
(6) whipping process optimization is guaranteed high thermal insulation, high strength gas concrete.
(7) improve heat-insulating property and the structural strength (especially structural mechanical property) that maintenance process can further promote gas concrete, shortened curing time simultaneously.Wherein:
1. supercool CO
2Gas can improve concrete intensity and hardness significantly and shorten its curing time, because the primary product of carburizing reagent is lime carbonate and silica gel, carbonization is with the calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) in the concrete member
2Almost all exhaust, the concrete carbonization pyrogenic effect is very obvious simultaneously, and the speed of the speed ratio of concrete acquisition intensity under 75 ℃ of vapor cure conditions is faster.Consumed greenhouse gases in addition, useful to environment.
2. the pressure swing type high-temperature steam curing can not weaken its final strength in accelerate concrete maintenance process, and has solved the destruction of thermal shocking (being thermal shock) to concrete product well, as be full of cracks, cracking or distortion etc.
3. it is more abundant that warm high wet curing makes the development of concrete intensity and hardness in, and maintenance efficient is higher.Because this maintenance makes the aquation of concrete more abundant with sclerosis, efficient is accelerated.Simultaneously, softening water further improves concrete corrosion resistance and improves maintenance efficient.
4. the strength agents surface maintenance makes concrete product avoiding be full of cracks or rimose simultaneously, further improves its surface strength and hardness.Because the intensity curing agent has kept concrete moisture, avoid occurring excessive moisture gradient.Simultaneously, by the chemical reaction of this intensity curing agent and cement, the structural strength of the cement bone (except that the separated foam part) in the gas concrete structure is increased, particularly gas concrete surface strength and hardness improve significantly.
(8) realize that really gas concrete high adiabatic (dried thermal conductivity≤0.05W/ (mK)) and high strength are (as cubic compressive strength 〉=3.5Mpa), after (100 times) freeze thawing 〉=2.0MPa, can satisfy the non-bearing wall body requirement fully, the from then on real technical problem that solves the existence of building self-heat conserving building enclosure itself.
Embodiment
Example one (ratio optimum point)
The assembly of material is as shown in table 3
The material assembly table that table 3 example one is used
| Composition | Proportioning (optimum value) | Explanation |
| Quartz sand (crystalline state SiO 2) | 35％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Silicon ash (non-crystalline state SiO 2) | 15％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Cement | 24％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Unslaked lime | 12％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Gypsum | 7.78％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Additive (the not containing gypsum) a of control unslaked lime speed of reaction | 1％ | Account for unslaked lime weight |
| Bubble stabilizer b | 0.22％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Mechanics of materials enhancement additive (not containing gypsum) c | 1.5％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Fortifying fibre d | 1.5％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Aluminium powder | 2％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Water e | 55% | When the weight of non-water constituent is 100, need add water 55. |
A. the additive of controlling the unslaked lime speed of reaction is meant the mixture of any one or they in sulfuric acid, alkali and alkaline earth, metal lignosulfonate/naphtalene sulfonate, glycerine, ethylene glycol, Diethylene Glycol, triglycol, single vinyl-amine, diethyl enamine, triethylene amine, the polyacrylic ester (comprising the polyacrylic acid metal-salt, as sodium polyacrylate and polyacrylic acid potassium etc.).
B. bubble stabilizer is meant the mixture of any one or they in aliphatic hydrocarbon, aryl radical and paraffin class, silicone emulsion (as dimethicone oils), the acrylic latex.
C. mechanics of materials enhancement additive is meant sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), water glass (being water glass Na2OnSiO2), SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO3), silicone based and resene and their composition (for example mixture of water glass and resene).
D. fortifying fibre is meant a kind of in glass fibre, basalt fibre, aramid fiber, pbo fiber, Dyneema fiber, modified polypropylene fiber, the polyethylene fibre.
The temperature of water is 35 ℃～75 ℃ when e. mixing, and the best is 50 ℃
Whipping process
1) (the particulate maximum particle diameter is 0.2mm, and the best is 0.01～0.05mm) quartz sand and gypsum to be worn into ultrafine powder;
2) 50 ℃ water being added rotating speed is in 2000 rev/mins the high speed agitator;
3) ultrafine powder of quartz sand and gypsum is added in this agitator, stirred 3 minutes;
4) added silicon ash restir 3 minutes;
5) added the cement restir 3 minutes;
6) added mechanics of materials enhancement additive restir 3 minutes;
7) added the fortifying fibre restir 3 minutes;
8) additive agent mixture (they are stirred in the other high speed agitator in advance) restir of adding unslaked lime and control unslaked lime speed of reaction is 3 minutes;
9) added the bubble stabilizer restir 3 minutes;
10) added the aluminium powder or the aluminium cream aqueous solution (in other high speed agitator, aluminium powder or aluminium cream are stirred with water in advance, promptly be equivalent to dilute even) restir 2 minutes;
11) slurry is poured into allowed the concrete foaming in the mould.
The test-results of gas concrete is as follows:
(1) dried thermal conductivity 0.045W/ (mK);
(2) dry density 295kg/m
3
(3) cubic compressive strength 3.5Mpa before freeze thawing, 2.4MPa after (100 times) freeze thawing;
(4) water-intake rate 4.8%;
Example two (upper limit of main component ratio, other is an optimum value)
The assembly of material is as shown in table 4
The material assembly table that table 4 example two is used
| Composition | Proportioning (upper limit of ratio) | Explanation |
| Quartz sand (crystalline state SiO 2) | 40% | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Silicon ash (non-crystalline state SiO 2) | 12% | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Cement | 22% | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Unslaked lime | 12% | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Gypsum | 7.78% | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Additive (the not containing gypsum) a of control unslaked lime speed of reaction | 1% | Account for unslaked lime weight |
| Bubble stabilizer b | 0.22% | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Mechanics of materials enhancement additive (not containing gypsum) c | 1.5% | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Fortifying fibre d | 1.5% | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Aluminium powder | 2% | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Water e | 55 | When the weight of non-water constituent is 100, need add water 55. |
A. the additive of controlling the unslaked lime speed of reaction is meant the mixture of any one or they in sulfuric acid, alkali and alkaline earth, metal lignosulfonate/naphtalene sulfonate, glycerine, ethylene glycol, Diethylene Glycol, triglycol, single vinyl-amine, diethyl enamine, triethylene amine, the polyacrylic ester (comprising the polyacrylic acid metal-salt, as sodium polyacrylate and polyacrylic acid potassium etc.).
B. bubble stabilizer is meant the mixture of any one or they in aliphatic hydrocarbon, aryl radical and paraffin class, silicone emulsion (as dimethicone oils), the acrylic latex.
C. mechanics of materials enhancement additive is meant sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), water glass (being water glass Na2OnSiO2), SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO3), silicone based and resene and their composition (for example mixture of water glass and resene).
D. fortifying fibre is meant a kind of in glass fibre, basalt fibre, aramid fiber, pbo fiber, Dyneema fiber, modified polypropylene fiber, the polyethylene fibre.
The temperature of water is 35 ℃～75 ℃ when e. mixing, and the best is 50 ℃
Whipping process
With example one
The test-results of gas concrete is as follows:
(1) dried thermal conductivity 0.05W/ (mK);
(2) dry density 300kg/m
3
(3) cubic compressive strength 4.0Mpa before freeze thawing, 2.6MPa after (100 times) freeze thawing;
(4) water-intake rate 4.5%;
Example three (lower limit of main component ratio, other is an optimum value)
The assembly of material is as shown in table 5
The material assembly table that table 5 example three is used
| Composition | Proportioning (lower limit of ratio) | Explanation |
| Quartz sand (crystalline state SiO 2) | 30％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Silicon ash (non-crystalline state SiO 2) | 25％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Cement | 19％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Unslaked lime | 12％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Gypsum | 7.78％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Additive (the not containing gypsum) a of control unslaked lime speed of reaction | 1％ | Account for unslaked lime weight |
| Bubble stabilizer b | 0.22％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Mechanics of materials enhancement additive (not containing gypsum) c | 1.5％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Fortifying fibre d | 1.5％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Aluminium powder | 2％ | Account for the siccative gross weight |
| Water e | 55 | When the weight of non-water constituent is 100, need add water 55. |
A. the additive of controlling the unslaked lime speed of reaction is meant the mixture of any one or they in sulfuric acid, alkali and alkaline earth, metal lignosulfonate/naphtalene sulfonate, glycerine, ethylene glycol, Diethylene Glycol, triglycol, single vinyl-amine, diethyl enamine, triethylene amine, the polyacrylic ester (comprising the polyacrylic acid metal-salt, as sodium polyacrylate and polyacrylic acid potassium etc.).
B. bubble stabilizer is meant the mixture of any one or they in aliphatic hydrocarbon, aryl radical and paraffin class, silicone emulsion (as dimethicone oils), the acrylic latex.
C. mechanics of materials enhancement additive is meant sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), water glass (being water glass Na2OnSiO2), SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO3), silicone based and resene and their composition (for example mixture of water glass and resene).
D. fortifying fibre is meant a kind of in glass fibre, basalt fibre, aramid fiber, pbo fiber, Dyneema fiber, modified polypropylene fiber, the polyethylene fibre.
The temperature of water is 35 ℃～75 ℃ when e. mixing, and the best is 50 ℃
Whipping process
With example one
The test-results of gas concrete is as follows:
(1) dried thermal conductivity 0.042 W/ (mK);
(2) dry density 285kg/m
3
(3) cubic compressive strength 3.3Mpa before freeze thawing, 2.1MPa after (100 times) freeze thawing;
(4) water-intake rate 5.0%;
Claims (15)
1. the gordian technique scheme adiabatic at gas concrete and material mechanical performance promotes is characterized in that: carry out the gas concrete heat-insulating property earlier and promote, till meeting the demands, as dried thermal conductivity≤0.05W/ (mK); Carry out structural mechanical property then and strengthen, till satisfying the non-bearing wall body requirement, as cubic compressive strength 〉=3.5Mpa, after 100 freeze thawing 〉=and 2.0MPa, promptly proceed in two phases: the first step, gas concrete is carried out heat-insulating property promote; In second step, gas concrete is carried out material mechanical performance strengthen.
2. the gordian technique scheme that gas concrete according to claim 1 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes,---step of gas concrete being carried out the heat-insulating property lifting is: (1) minimizes gas concrete density---suitably adds some light skeletals to it is characterized in that the first step, account for 12%～25% of siccative gross weight, as heaving shales, aphrolite, volcanic tuff, sintered diatomite, slag, flyash, perlite, vermiculite or light porous non-crystalline state SiO
2Powder; Preferentially select light porous non-crystalline state SiO for use
2(2) the gas concrete porosity being maximized---the aggregate that uses is circular granular without exception, does not adopt sheet or strip particle; The particulate maximum particle diameter is 0.2mm, and the best is 0.01～0.05mm, in other words, makes the powder super-refinement exactly; The speed of reaction that generates first chemical reaction, particularly unslaked lime of white lime and white lime and water and aluminium powder by grasp unslaked lime and water reaction is controlled gas forming amount so that porosity maximizes, but bubble can not be communicated with to keep closed pore; (3) make gas concrete air hole structure optimization---control the speed of reaction of unslaked lime by the method for adding chemical admixture, and then control water and unslaked lime: CaO, SiO
2And understand liberated heat and hydrogen and bubble stabilizer control air hole structure in the reaction of aluminium powder so that pore closed pore and pore opening, gas cell distribution and hole wall structure homogenizing.
3. the gordian technique scheme of the adiabatic and material mechanical performance lifting of gas concrete according to claim 2, the chemical additive that it is characterized in that can be used to controlling the speed of reaction of unslaked lime has: glycerine, glycols, lignosulfonate/naphtalene sulfonate, amine, polyacrylic ester, metal sulfate, plaster stone: CaSiO
42H
2O, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, carboxylate salt or sucrose, more satisfactory additive have sulfuric acid, plaster stone, alkali and alkaline earth, metal lignosulfonate/naphtalene sulfonate, glycerine, ethylene glycol, Diethylene Glycol, triglycol, single vinyl-amine, diethyl enamine, triethylene amine, polyacrylic ester or polyacrylic acid metal-salt; Above-mentioned chemical additive accounts for 0.1%～5% of unslaked lime weight, and is better at 0.1%～2% o'clock, best at 0.5%～1% o'clock, can change by desired speed of reaction.
4. the gordian technique scheme that gas concrete according to claim 2 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes, the preparation method of chemical additive who it is characterized in that can be used to controlling the speed of reaction of unslaked lime is: these chemical additives in advance with the unslaked lime mixing, and then with fine quartz sand, non-crystalline state SiO
2Powder, cement, gypsum, sodium sulfate, fiber, water glass: water glass, silicone oil, aluminium powder and water mix.
5. the gordian technique scheme that gas concrete according to claim 2 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes, it is characterized in that bubble stabilizer comprises: aliphatic hydrocarbon, aryl radical or paraffin class, silicone emulsion, acrylic latex, bubble stabilizer accounts for 0.04%～0.3% of unslaked lime weight, and more satisfactory is 0.15%～0.22%.
6. the gordian technique scheme that gas concrete according to claim 1 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes is characterized in that for second step---gas concrete is carried out the material mechanical performance enhancing comprise following five technological steps: (1) additive strengthens; (2) fiber reinforcement; (3) assembly optimization; (4) whipping process optimization; (5) improve maintenance process.
7. the gordian technique scheme that gas concrete according to claim 6 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes is characterized in that enhancement additive comprises water glass, manganese salt, barium salt, zinc salt, molysite, aluminium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salts, sodium salt, molybdenum salt, titanium salt, organic amine, silicone based or resene; More satisfactory is sodium sulfate: Na
2SO
4, water glass: water glass Na
2OnSiO
2, SODIUMNITRATE: NaNO
3, silicone based or resene and their composition.
8. the gordian technique scheme that gas concrete according to claim 6 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes is characterized in that fortifying fibre comprises glass fibre, basalt fibre, aramid fiber, pbo fiber, Dyneema fiber, modified polypropylene fiber or polyethylene fibre; The diameter of fiber between 1um～5um, the about 0.3～0.6mm of length; The amount of fiber accounts for 0.02%～5% of concrete drier gross weight.
9. the gordian technique scheme that gas concrete according to claim 6 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes is characterized in that assembly optimization, and is as shown in the table:
The assembly optimization table adiabatic at gas concrete and material mechanical performance promotes
A. the additive of controlling the unslaked lime speed of reaction is meant sulfuric acid, alkali and alkaline earth, metal lignosulfonate/naphtalene sulfonate, glycerine, ethylene glycol, Diethylene Glycol, triglycol, single vinyl-amine, diethyl enamine, triethylene amine, polyacrylic ester, polyacrylic acid metal-salt: as the mixture of any one or they in sodium polyacrylate and the polyacrylic acid potassium;
B. bubble stabilizer is meant aliphatic hydrocarbon, aryl radical and paraffin class, silicone emulsion, as the mixture of any one or they in dimethicone oils or the acrylic latex;
C. mechanics of materials enhancement additive is meant sodium sulfate: Na
2SO
4, water glass: water glass Na
2OnSiO
2, SODIUMNITRATE: NaNO
3, silicone based or resene and their composition: the mixture of water glass and resene for example;
D. fortifying fibre is meant a kind of in glass fibre, basalt fibre, aramid fiber, pbo fiber, Dyneema fiber, modified polypropylene fiber or the polyethylene fibre;
The temperature of water is 35 ℃～75 ℃ when e. mixing, and the best is 50 ℃.
10. the gordian technique scheme that gas concrete according to claim 6 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes is characterized in that the step of whipping process optimization is:
1) quartz sand and gypsum are worn into ultrafine powder: the particulate maximum particle diameter is 0.2mm, and the best is 0.01～0.05mm;
2) the suitable water of temperature being added rotating speed is in 2000 rev/mins the high speed agitator;
3) ultrafine powder of quartz sand and gypsum is added in this agitator, stirred 3 minutes;
4) added silicon ash restir 3 minutes;
5) added the cement restir 3 minutes;
6) added structure enhancement additive restir 3 minutes;
7) added the fortifying fibre restir 3 minutes;
8) 2 minutes (if there is) of nano titanium oxide restir;
9) add unslaked lime and the additive agent mixture of controlling the unslaked lime speed of reaction: they are stirred in other high speed agitator in advance, restir 3 minutes;
10) added the bubble stabilizer restir 3 minutes;
11) add the aluminium powder or the aluminium cream aqueous solution: in other high speed agitator, aluminium powder or aluminium cream are stirred with water in advance, promptly be equivalent to dilute even, restir 2 minutes;
12) slurry is poured into allowed the concrete foaming in the mould.
The gordian technique scheme that 11. gas concrete according to claim 6 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes, it is characterized in that improving maintenance process and be divided into four-stage: the fs is the carbonized maintaining stage; Subordinate phase is the pressure swing type high-temperature steam curing stage; Phase III is the high wet curing stage of middle temperature; The quadravalence section is the strength agents surface maintenance stage.
The gordian technique scheme that 12. gas concrete according to claim 11 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes, it is characterized in that the carbonized maintaining stage, the depanning when concrete strength that the steps include: to treat initial set reaches final strength 30%, cutting, high adiabatic gas concrete after the cutting is sent in the maintenance cabin by travelling belt, close the maintenance cabin, send into supercool CO from the pore at top, maintenance cabin
2Gas, temperature are 0 ℃～-57 ℃, purity 〉=99%; Gas is the shotcrete product surface directly, and air inlet port is suitable close, so that CO
2Gas is attached to the concrete upper surface equably; CO then
2Gas under action of gravity to lower slip, CO in coating all concrete products and maintenance cabin
2Gas concentration is more than 95%, and is best more than 98%; Kept in this state 30～40 minutes, no longer than 60 minutes; Maintenance cabin planted agent is provided with controllable production well, so that control the gas concentration in the maintenance cabin, comprises the water vapor concentration of next step; Carbonized maintaining is specially adapted to not contain the concrete product of reinforcing bar, for the concrete precast element that contains reinforcing bar, handles if rebar surface is done special protection, can guarantee the bond stress between reinforcing bar and the concrete, can use carbonized maintaining.
The gordian technique scheme that 13. gas concrete according to claim 11 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes, it is characterized in that the pressure swing type high-temperature steam curing stage, after the steps include: the fs end, feed 150 ℃ water vapor: shotcrete product surface directly kept 20 minutes when the air pressure in the maintenance cabin is 0.8～0.9 normal atmosphere; Stopping to send into water vapor then, is 0.1～0.5 normal atmosphere in air pressure, keeps 15 minutes when the best is 0.2 normal atmosphere; Next continue to be fed into water vapor, the air pressure in the maintenance cabin is 2 normal atmosphere, keeps 30 minutes; Continue the rising air pressure again,, kept 1.5 hours until 4 normal atmosphere; Close water vapor, treat that the pressure in the cabin is reduced to normal pressure, temperature is reduced to about 40 ℃, gets final product deliver from vault.
The gordian technique scheme that 14. gas concrete according to claim 11 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes, the warm high wet curing stage in it is characterized in that, its special step is: open seal bootr after the steam-cured stage finishes, concrete member is sent into warm high wet curing in indoor the carrying out that is incubated high humidity by travelling belt; Concrete member is put well by the form of space determinant, then by Controlling System with about 60 ℃ softening water under high pressure to indoor be injected into vaporific, particle diameter between 20～40 microns with warm high humidity environment in making; Keep room temperature more than 40 ℃, the situation of relative humidity 100% 6 days; Water directly can not be sprayed to concrete product; This curing room is airtight space, and its building enclosure has good insulation, heat insulation and airtight performance; Its function is higher temperature and a high humidity in the holding chamber, and is not subjected to extraneous weather effect, carries out sufficient hydration to guarantee the cement in the concrete in this stage.
The gordian technique scheme that 15. gas concrete according to claim 11 is adiabatic and material mechanical performance promotes, it is characterized in that the strength agents surface maintenance stage, the steps include: to do some art veins processing to the concrete product surface after the phase III end, as make corrugated plates, plain weave plate, channel(l)ed plate etc., carry out the maintenance of quadravalence section afterwards, if do not have artistic figure line to handle, then directly enter the maintenance of quadravalence section; In order to make the most of moisture that remains in the high adiabatic ALC goods volatilize lentamente and to prevent that excessive moisture gradient from appearring in concrete surface with the hydration reaction that continues cement, strengthen the intensity of ALC goods simultaneously, especially surface strength, at finished surface coating or sprinkling concrete strength curing agent, by water glass and the composite aqua of macromolecule resin, it is permeated in ALC inside, and the degree of depth reaches more than the 1.5cm; Chemical reaction by this intensity curing agent and cement, make the cement bone in the ALC structure, the structural strength except that the separated foam part increases, and particularly ALC surface strength and hardness improve significantly, placed 3 days in place shady and cool and that do not drenched with rain, promptly finished whole maintenances.
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