CN101147473A - Stichopus japonicus step-by-step hybrid breeding method - Google Patents
Stichopus japonicus step-by-step hybrid breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101147473A CN101147473A CNA2007101579149A CN200710157914A CN101147473A CN 101147473 A CN101147473 A CN 101147473A CN A2007101579149 A CNA2007101579149 A CN A2007101579149A CN 200710157914 A CN200710157914 A CN 200710157914A CN 101147473 A CN101147473 A CN 101147473A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention discloses a stichopus japonicus grading breeding method. It is characterized by that said method includes the following steps: making sex glands of Chinese stichopus japonicus and Chinese-Russian hybrid stichopus japonicus be simultaneously developed and matured, using shade-drying parturifacient method to respectively obtain sperm of Chinese stichopus japonicus and ovum of Chinese-Russian hybrid stichopus japonicus, making artificial insemination and incubating fertilized ovum until the laval plankton is formed, after the laval plankton is attached, utilizing conventional method to breed F1 generation of stichopus japonicus of Chinese stichopus japonicus and Chinese-Russian stichopus japonicus, then using said F1 generation stichopus japonicus as seed stichopus japonicus, accelerating the sex glands of said F1 generation stichopus japonicus and Chinese stichopus japonicus to make them be synchronously matured, making artificial insemination and breeding so as to obtain a new young of stichopus japonicus.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of stichopus japonicus, is that the parent carries out the grading up breeding method with Chinese stichopus japonicus, Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus especially.
Background technology:
Stichopus japonicus is a kind of famous and precious marine product, contains rich in protein and viscous polysaccharide, has very high nourishing healthy and medical value, liked by the consumer, and price is higher, and market capacity is very big.In recent years, along with the progressively expansion of sea cucumber consumption demand, stichopus japonicus to propagate scale artificially increasing, breeding way is varied.
In the past, the aquaculture seed of stichopus japonicus mainly caught wild[l or artificial breeding acquisition by adopting, and wherein artificial breeding is a main source, and artificial insemination, hatching are carried out in parent participation after physical maturity or artificial ripening, cultivated the young and young, children's ginseng.In the past, all be that nearer with the marine site, genetic similar stichopus japonicus of the same race carries out selfing, grow seedlings, for many generations culture because of long-term inbreeding, caused germplasm to descend year by year, show as that poor growth, economic characters descend, resistance reduces, the survival rate of children's ginseng is low or the like.
In order to address this problem, China Patent No. is that 200410020787.4 patent of invention discloses a kind of " hybrid breeding method for stichopus japonicus ", be to be reached maturity simultaneously from Chinese stichopus japonicus and Russian Far East sea area stichopus japonicus sexual gland far away, that hereditary difference is big in the marine site, obtain ovum and the sperm of Chinese stichopus japonicus and Russian stichopus japonicus respectively with the method for artificial induced spawning, it is carried out artificial insemination, cultivate fertilized egg until generating floating larva, promptly cultivate strong stress resistance, energetic, the measured Sino-Russian hybridization juvenile stichopus of matter.
But, Sino-Russian hybridization juvenile stichopus advantage generally only shows F1 generation, for beginning proterties taking place then from its selfing F2 separates, in F2 generation,, intragroup interindividual variation was very big, it is irregular to grow,, pursue for decay all than the significantly decline of F1 generation at aspects such as growth potential, resistance and output thereby advantage occurs; The selfing in F1 generation simultaneously also must cause allelic isozygotying and recessive harmful The Characters is come out, therefore Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus selfing F2 generation and after each generation on producing, generally no longer utilize.
Although the theory and practice of genetic breeding has all proved grading up (claiming to transform hybridization, absorption corssing again) breeding, have the resistance of raising breed object and the advantage of vigor, but because the gonad development of China thorn participation improvement stichopus japonicus is asynchronous, stichopus japonicus is a gonochorism in addition, be difficult to distinguish from profile, therefore present grading up is only limited to mammal (meat dog, sheep, ox etc.), does not also have any report about the stichopus japonicus grading up on the existing public publication.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is for the stichopus japonicus that solves prior art hybridizes existing above-mentioned technical problem, provides a kind of and grows seedlings kind and filial generation all has the advantage of Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus and resistance, stichopus japonicus grading up seedling-cultivating method that vigor is stronger.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of stichopus japonicus step-by-step hybrid breeding method, and its step is as follows:
A. get Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus, in going into indoor breed pond then November, 10～12 ℃ of constant temperature culture of water temperature, April next year begins to heat up, and heats up 1 ℃ every day, is warming up to 14 ℃; The net cage that Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus is put into outdoor ponds is cultivated 1～2/m of density
2Mid-April, sexual gland is dissected in sampling, when ovum directly reaches 120 μ m, Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus is gone in the indoor breed pond again 16～17 ℃ of constant temperature culture of water temperature; When Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus goes into indoor breed pond again, get Chinese stichopus japonicus and go in indoor another breed pond 16～17 ℃ of constant temperature culture of water temperature;
B. sexual gland is dissected in sampling, when ovum directly reaches 160 μ m, Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus, Chinese stichopus japonicus is dried in the shade in storage pond, holding pond respectively 15 minutes, selects body weight to be not less than 250g, and body length is not less than the full stichopus japonicus of 20cm and sexual gland as the parent;
C. rapidly select Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus, Chinese stichopus japonicus parent are put into tank respectively and support temporarily and inflation, seawater is the fresh sand filter water through 300 order mesh bags and cotton bag filtration in the tank, 16～17 ℃ of temperature; Began to discharge water at 5 o'clock in the afternoon same day, dried in the shade 2 hours, directly added 21～22 ℃ fresh sand filter seawater, stopped the supple of gas or steam; Observe stichopus japonicus, collect sperm and the Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus ovum of Chinese stichopus japonicus respectively;
D. in the parent was laid eggs two hours, be fertilized, get the 10ml seminal fluid, drip in the ovum groove, stir evenly rapidly, drip seminal fluid while observing, make sperm suitable with dropper;
E. after fertilization finishes, begin to carry out artificial incubation, fertilized egg density mostly is 30/ml most, adopts the method for the little inflation of a plurality of Bubbled stones to cultivate, and hatching is to the stage of swimming;
F. the cultivation density of seed selection auricularia is 0.2～0.3/ml, and feeding volume is half of gastric area;
G. cultivate according to a conventional method after adhering to;
H. getting g step gained stichopus japonicus again is seed ginseng, impels its sexual gland and Chinese stichopus japonicus ripe synchronously with a step method, repeats b～g step, obtains seed.
The mouse tail algae of throwing something and feeding during the indoor culture for the first time in the described a step grinds the mixed liquor of liquid and ooze, and the percentage by weight that mouse tail algae grinds liquid and ooze is respectively 33%, 67%.
Can also add defatted fish flour and shrimp material in described mixed liquor, the weight of defatted fish flour and shrimp material is no more than 10% of mixed liquor.
The constant indoor temperature second time of described a step is cultivated and the constant indoor temperature of Chinese stichopus japonicus is cultivated the mixture of throw something and feed egg yolk and spirulina also with 200 order net filtrations, the percentage by weight of egg yolk and spirulina is respectively 90%, 10%, and throw something and feed by 5% of parent participation body weight every day.
The present invention reaches maturity Chinese stichopus japonicus and Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus sexual gland with special method simultaneously, the method of hastening parturition with drying in the shade obtains the sperm of Chinese stichopus japonicus parent participation and the ovum of Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus respectively, artificial insemination is also cultivated fertilized egg until generating floating larva, cultivate China's thorn to participate in the F1 of Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus after adhering to according to a conventional method for stichopus japonicus, getting this F1 again is seed ginseng for stichopus japonicus, impels maturation, artificial insemination, the cultivation synchronously of its sexual gland and Chinese stichopus japonicus to obtain seed.The combination that China's thorn participates in Russian Far East sea area stichopus japonicus is the hybrid combination of strong advantage, the Sino-Russian stichopus japonicus F1 that is cultivated is fast for individual growth speed, strong stress resistance, survival rate height, has the advantage that body wall is thick, corn (parapodum) long, thorn is many, thorn row is many, dressing percentage is high, be of high nutritive value simultaneously, seed that the present invention cultivated and filial generation all can pass on the advantage that Sino-Russian stichopus japonicus F1 generation is had, and resistance, activity are stronger.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
A. get Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus, in going into indoor breed pond then November, 10～12 ℃ of constant temperature culture of water temperature are carried out indoor accelerating, and April next year begins to heat up, and heats up 1 ℃ every day, is warming up to 14 ℃; Then, Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus is placed in the net cage that sets in advance in the outdoor ponds cultivates 1～2/m of density
2Mid-April, sexual gland is dissected in sampling, when ovum directly reaches 120 μ m, Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus is gone in the indoor breed pond again 16～17 ℃ of constant temperature culture of water temperature; When Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus goes into indoor breed pond again, get Chinese stichopus japonicus and go in indoor another breed pond 16～17 ℃ of constant temperature culture of water temperature; The nurturing period bait of throwing something and feeding in the usual way;
B. sexual gland is dissected in sampling, when ovum directly reaches 160 μ m, respectively Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus, Chinese stichopus japonicus is dried in the shade in storage pond, holding pond 15 minutes, selects health not have permanent disability, not have row dirty, and body weight is not less than 250g, and body length is not less than the full stichopus japonicus of 20cm and sexual gland as the parent;
C. rapidly select Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus, Chinese stichopus japonicus parent are put into 140 premium on currency grooves respectively and support temporarily and inflation, seawater is the fresh sand filter water through 300 order mesh bags and cotton bag filtration in the tank, 16～17 ℃ of temperature; Began to discharge water at 5 o'clock in the afternoon same day, dried in the shade 2 hours, directly added 21～22 ℃ fresh sand filter seawater, stopped the supple of gas or steam; For making the stichopus japonicus parent keep dark and quiet environment, under the prerequisite of not turning on light,, check once that action will be gently to let alone stichopus japonicus with flashlight every half an hour, smart or lay eggs as the row of discovery, collect sperm and the Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus ovum of Chinese stichopus japonicus respectively;
D. in the parent was laid eggs two hours, be fertilized, get the 10ml seminal fluid, drip in the ovum groove with dropper, stir evenly rapidly, sampling if unfertilized egg is arranged, just drips seminal fluid with the microscopic examination situation of being fertilized again, check again, so just can accomplish that sperm is suitable, can more needn't not wash ovum because of sperm too much produces teratoid egg, reduced damage, helped the growth of fertilized egg fertilized egg;
E. after fertilization finishes, begin to carry out artificial incubation, fertilized egg density mostly is 30/ml most, adopts the method for the little inflation of a plurality of Bubbled stones to cultivate, and hatching has been saved manpower, financial resources to the stage of swimming on the basis that does not influence incubation rate
F. the cultivation density of seed selection auricularia is 0.2～0.3/ml, and agreeable to the taste bait comprises salt algae, Chaetoceros muelleri, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Nitzschia closterium minutissima etc., and it is better wherein to mix the effect of throwing something and feeding with Phaeodactylum tricornutum and salt algae.Bait throwing in will be adhered to few throwing, diligent principle of throwing, and throws too much, can cause young indigestion, mainly regulates feeding volume by the full degree of microscopy young stomach, and bait keeps half to get final product in the general gastric area.
G. cultivate according to a conventional method after adhering to;
H. getting g step gained stichopus japonicus again is seed ginseng, impels its sexual gland and Chinese stichopus japonicus ripe synchronously with a step method, repeats b～g step, obtains seed, and both the Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus grading up F2 of participation generation was stung by China.
Embodiment 2:
Basic step is with embodiment 1, the mouse tail algae of just preferably throwing something and feeding during the indoor culture for the first time in a step grinds the mixed liquor of liquid and ooze, the percentage by weight that mouse tail algae grinds liquid and ooze is respectively 33%, 67%, ooze i.e. net mud, be meant the mud scum on the fishing boat linked network, this mud content of organic matter is abundant, is beneficial to very much the sea cucumber growth.Also can add defatted fish flour and shrimp material in mixed liquor, the weight of defatted fish flour and shrimp material is no more than 10% of mixed liquor.
Embodiment 3:
Basic step is with embodiment 2, just the constant indoor temperature of the constant indoor temperature cultivation second time of a step and Chinese stichopus japonicus is cultivated the mixture of throw something and feed egg yolk and spirulina also with 200 order net filtrations, the percentage by weight of egg yolk and spirulina is respectively 90%, 10%, and throw something and feed by 5% of parent participation body weight every day.
Claims (4)
1. stichopus japonicus step-by-step hybrid breeding method, its step is as follows:
A. get Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus, in going into indoor breed pond then November, 10～12 ℃ of constant temperature culture of water temperature, April next year begins to heat up, and heats up 1 ℃ every day, is warming up to 14 ℃; The net cage that Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus is put into outdoor ponds is cultivated 1～2/m of density
2Mid-April, sexual gland is dissected in sampling, when ovum directly reaches 120 μ m, Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus is gone in the indoor breed pond again 16～17 ℃ of constant temperature culture of water temperature; When Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus goes into indoor breed pond again, get Chinese stichopus japonicus and go in indoor another breed pond 16～17 ℃ of constant temperature culture of water temperature;
B. sexual gland is dissected in sampling, when ovum directly reaches 160 μ m, Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus, Chinese stichopus japonicus is dried in the shade in storage pond, holding pond respectively 15 minutes, selects body weight to be not less than 250g, and body length is not less than the full stichopus japonicus of 20cm and sexual gland as the parent;
C. rapidly select Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus, Chinese stichopus japonicus parent are put into tank respectively and support temporarily and inflation, seawater is the fresh sand filter water through 300 order mesh bags and cotton bag filtration in the tank, 16～17 ℃ of temperature; Began to discharge water at 5 o'clock in the afternoon same day, dried in the shade 2 hours, directly added 21～22 ℃ fresh sand filter seawater, stopped the supple of gas or steam; Observe stichopus japonicus, collect sperm and the Sino-Russian hybridization stichopus japonicus ovum of Chinese stichopus japonicus respectively;
D. in the parent was laid eggs two hours, be fertilized, get the 10ml seminal fluid, drip in the ovum groove, stir evenly rapidly, drip seminal fluid while observing, make sperm suitable with dropper;
E. after fertilization finishes, begin to carry out artificial incubation, fertilized egg density mostly is 30/ml most, adopts the method for the little inflation of a plurality of Bubbled stones to cultivate, and hatching is to the stage of swimming;
F. the cultivation density of seed selection auricularia is 0.2～0.3/ml, and feeding volume keeps half for making gastric area bait;
G. cultivate according to a conventional method after adhering to;
H. getting g step gained stichopus japonicus again is seed ginseng, impels its sexual gland and Chinese stichopus japonicus ripe synchronously with a step method, repeats b～g step, obtains seed.
2. stichopus japonicus step-by-step hybrid breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mouse tail algae of throwing something and feeding during the indoor culture for the first time in the described a step grinds the mixed liquor of liquid and ooze, and the percentage by weight that mouse tail algae grinds liquid and ooze is respectively 33%, 67%.
3. stichopus japonicus step-by-step hybrid breeding method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: add defatted fish flour and shrimp material in described mixed liquor, the weight of defatted fish flour and shrimp material is no more than 10% of mixed liquor.
4. stichopus japonicus step-by-step hybrid breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the constant indoor temperature second time of described a step is cultivated and the constant indoor temperature of Chinese stichopus japonicus is cultivated the mixture of throw something and feed egg yolk and spirulina also with 200 order net filtrations, the percentage by weight of egg yolk and spirulina is respectively 90%, 10%, and throw something and feed by 5% of parent participation body weight every day.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101796933A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-08-11 | 贾顺远 | Method for hybridization of south thelenota ananas and north stichopus japonicus |
| CN101897305A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2010-12-01 | 山东海益宝水产股份有限公司 | Method of artificial feeding of red stichopus japonicus |
| CN101911919A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2010-12-15 | 山东海益宝水产股份有限公司 | Hybrid breeding method for Chinese stichopus japonicus and red stichopus japonicus |
| CN101982071A (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2011-03-02 | 山东海益宝水产股份有限公司 | Method for improving germplasm characteristic of absorption crossing of A stichopus japonicus |
| CN101720685B (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2011-11-30 | 大连水产学院 | High strength selecting and cultivating method of excellent stichopus japonicus seeds |
| CN112080570A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2020-12-15 | 大连海洋大学 | KASP labeled primer combination for identifying hybrid stichopus japonicus in Zhongrussia and application thereof |
| CN112655609A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-16 | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 | Method for industrially culturing tropical pink wart sea cucumber seedlings |
| CN113424785A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Breeding method of multi-thorn fast-growing stichopus japonicus strain |
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- 2007-11-05 CN CN200710157914A patent/CN100586278C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101720685B (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2011-11-30 | 大连水产学院 | High strength selecting and cultivating method of excellent stichopus japonicus seeds |
| CN101796933A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-08-11 | 贾顺远 | Method for hybridization of south thelenota ananas and north stichopus japonicus |
| CN101897305A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2010-12-01 | 山东海益宝水产股份有限公司 | Method of artificial feeding of red stichopus japonicus |
| CN101911919A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2010-12-15 | 山东海益宝水产股份有限公司 | Hybrid breeding method for Chinese stichopus japonicus and red stichopus japonicus |
| CN101982071A (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2011-03-02 | 山东海益宝水产股份有限公司 | Method for improving germplasm characteristic of absorption crossing of A stichopus japonicus |
| CN112080570A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2020-12-15 | 大连海洋大学 | KASP labeled primer combination for identifying hybrid stichopus japonicus in Zhongrussia and application thereof |
| CN112655609A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-16 | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 | Method for industrially culturing tropical pink wart sea cucumber seedlings |
| CN113424785A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Breeding method of multi-thorn fast-growing stichopus japonicus strain |
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