Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to design a kind of multifunctional mathmatical ruler, not only can directly read length, angle, can also directly read trigonometric function and the direct relevant issues that solve Pythagorean theorem.
The present invention includes a main ruler, 0~100 evenly divided line is set on the main ruler, at the fixedly connected protractor of the front end of main ruler, protractor and main ruler are at grade, protractor is provided with the equal angles graduation mark of the center of circle and 0 °~180 °, and 0 of the center of circle of described protractor and main ruler coincides; 0 at main ruler is hinged a ruler, and the graduation mark identical with the evenly divided line of main ruler is set on the described ruler; Offer shape chute always on main ruler, described chute is parallel with main ruler length direction; On chute, connect another ruler, the graduation mark that described ruler setting is identical with the evenly divided line of main ruler by pin.
The present invention can form various right angled triangle according to three rulers and protractor, thereby directly reads sine and cosine value, also can easily calculate tangent and cotangent value, does not need complicated triangulation calculation; Equally do not need loaded down with trivial details Pythagorean theorem to calculate length and other relevant leg-of-mutton problems on the 3rd limit yet.
Read for convenience, the present invention also with ruler that the chute pin is connected outside be nested with the chi card.Determine perpendicularity crossing between two rulers by the chi card.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is made up of main ruler 1, protractor 2, ruler 3,4 and chi card 5.
Main ruler 1, ruler 3,4 are provided with 0~100 evenly divided line on respectively, and their evenly divided line is identical.Protractor 2 is provided with the equal angles graduation mark of the center of circle and 0 °~180 °.
Offer a straight shape chute 6 on the main ruler 1, this chute 6 is parallel with the length direction of main ruler 1.
At the fixedly connected protractor 2 of the front end of main ruler 1, protractor 2 and main ruler 1 at grade, and the center of circle of protractor 2 and main ruler 10 coincides, and also can be hinged ruler 3 by bearing pin 0 of main ruler 1.On the chute 6 of main ruler 1, connect another ruler 4 by pin 7.Outside ruler 4, be nested with chi card 5.
The present invention is except each function of ruler, set square, protractor, can take measurement of an angle, draw at any angle outside the functions such as straight line, parallel lines, vertical line, and salient point is can be used as trigonometric function chi and Pythagorean theorem chi, and brief introduction is as follows:
The trigonometric function chi: with main ruler 1 is hypotenuse, fixed length 100, ruler 3 are around the left end rotation of main ruler 1 arbitrarily angled (its angle is determined by protractor 2), and maintenance and ruler 4 vertical (being determined by chi card 5), this moment, the reading of ruler 3 was cosine value, and the reading of ruler 4 is sine value.
As Fig. 1, the angle between main ruler 1 and the ruler 3 is 30 °, then:
cos30°=sin60°=86.6/100=0.866
cos60°=sin30°=50/100=0.5
Can calculate tangent value and cotangent value easily equally.
The Pythagorean theorem chi: the chute 6 along main ruler 1 moves ruler 4, the reading that makes main ruler 1 is hypotenuse long (can satisfy various numerical value according to a certain percentage), rotate ruler 3 and ruler 4, and remain that they are orthogonal, if so wherein the reading of a chi is the numerical value of a known right-angle side, then the reading of another chi is the numerical value of another right-angle side, need not by square and the complex calculation of evolution etc., very convenient.As a same reason, can solve the relevant issues of arbitrary triangle similarly, not enumerate one by one here.