CN1011081B - Method for measuring arc-breaking parameter of welding ac arc and its equipment - Google Patents
Method for measuring arc-breaking parameter of welding ac arc and its equipmentInfo
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- CN1011081B CN1011081B CN 86102806 CN86102806A CN1011081B CN 1011081 B CN1011081 B CN 1011081B CN 86102806 CN86102806 CN 86102806 CN 86102806 A CN86102806 A CN 86102806A CN 1011081 B CN1011081 B CN 1011081B
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- current interruption
- arc
- current
- absolute value
- welding
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Abstract
The present invention uses the original signal of welding alternating current electric arc current as a detected object, uses a differentiator to carry out differentiating treatment on the original signal of the alternating current electric arc current, uses an absolute value circuit and a comparator to generate marker pulses and to identify arc interruption pulses, and finally, uses a single-board computer to carry put data processing and to measure arc interruption time, arc interruption frequency, quasi-arc interruption time and quasi-arc interruption frequency. The device of the present invention is formed from the combination of a preamplifier, the differentiator, the absolute value circuit, the comparator, an NEGATOR-circuit and the single-board computer.
Description
The invention belongs to welding alternating current arc stability determination techniques field, be used for measuring the current interruption parameter specially.
The present invention is based upon on the new ideas basis of " current interruption ".Near welding alternating current arc natural zero-crossing point, if for some time the alternating current arc electric current over time rate be zero, promptly current interruption has then at this moment taken place in (di)/(dt)=0, (di)/(dt)=0 a period of time that is continued is called the current interruption time.If near welding alternating current arc natural zero-crossing point, (di)/(dt) do not wait 0, welding alternating current arc current value also changes not according to sinusoidal rule.(di)/(dt) be lower than some constants, though actual current interruption does not take place this moment, but also be the unsettled a kind of phenomenon of welding alternating current arc (annotate: on address the abbreviation that later " alternating current arc electric current " is " welding rod welding alternating current arc electric current "), therefore be referred to as " accurate current interruption ".In writing time, current interruption time and number of times, the time of accurate current interruption and number of times are referred to as the current interruption parameter.Under certain weld interval and welding conditions, the current interruption time is long more, and the current interruption number of times is many more, and then welding arc stablility is poor more.
When welding rod welded with AC power, its current interruption phenomenon had three features: 1, photopic vision electric arc extinguishes suddenly or brightness obviously weakens; 2, very high striking voltage appears in the arc voltage waveform; 3, flame current almost remains zero in a period of time of near zero-crossing point.According to these features, adopted different assay methods.Wherein Gansu Polytechnical Univ's welding teaching and research room proposes to measure with the SC-10 light oscillograph method of welding alternating current arc " current interruption rate " in " welding rod with alkaline coating alternating current arc Study on Stability ", its principle is the voltage waveform when taking record interchange welding with the SC-10 light oscillograph, suppose that the ignition peak voltage that V peak＞2V arc is arranged occurs on oscillogram, just think that " current interruption " once, on captured oscillogram, calculate the number percent that the current interruption number of times accounts for whole oscillogram cycles like this, be referred to as " current interruption rate ".The current interruption rate is big more, and alternating current arc stability is poor more.
Soviet Union scholar K.Pokhclnya etc. deliver the paper that is entitled as " alternating current arc Study on Stability " on " the international welding in London collection of thesis in 1979 " the 1st rolled up the 93rd page, proposed a kind of welding alternating current arc 4stability determination in this piece paper.Be about to the eigenwert of in welding process forearc phase (igniting the moment to electric arc) arc space conductivity average speed of growth B as arc stability from electric arc natural zero-crossing point is instantaneous, B is directly proportional with crest voltage striking electric current I constantly, with striking crest voltage and long-pending being inversely proportional to of duration forearc phase.Its assay method is: by the converter that links to each other with welding circuit the electric signal of direct ratio and welding current and voltage is inputed to the erratic process analyser, be converted to digital form, by first data processing the arc burning parameter is separated, provide statistics with robot calculator and two-pen recorder at last or on screen, show, go out data with printer prints simultaneously.
Measure method that welding exchanges " current interruption rate " with light oscillograph and can only measure within a certain period of time alternating current arc current interruption number of times, be difficult to measure the important current interruption time, and will obtain statistics and must take and analyze a large amount of films, efficient is very low.It is less discovery that the situation of the V of above-mentioned indication＞2V arc is measured with accurate cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO), adopts light oscillograph to take, because this device precision is extremely low, itself has introduced measuring error, so measurement result and actual conditions have discrepancy.
The assay method that people such as Soviet Union scholar K.Pokhclnya propose is science relatively, but also has some problems.First: according to the result that the high accuracy number storage oscilloscope is analyzed, alternating current current interruption phenomenon generally only occurs in the electric arc near zero-crossing point, and its duration seldom surpasses 10ms, and promptly half cycle mostly is the hundreds of microsecond.And time forearc phase of surveying with this method is (by its definition, duration forearc phase should be less than or equal to the current interruption time less than half cycle) substantially all greater than 10ms, in the long like this time, alternating current arc is not burning basically, and in fact the major part of Ceing is the blow-out time.The second, this method is not distinguished current interruption and these two distinct phenomenons of non-current interruption but is only determined the stability of alternating current arc from arc space conductance growth rate.The 3rd, this device adopts high-speed computer data Collection ﹠ Processing System, apparatus expensive.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to address the above problem, and accurately and apace measures the current interruption parameter, determines welding alternating current arc stability.
The present invention adopts welding alternating current arc electric current as detected object.As shown in Figure 1, device of the present invention is that prime amplifier (4), differentiator (5), absolute value circuit (6), (8), comparer (7), (9), NAND gate circuit (10), peak-reading voltmeter (11) and computing machine (12) are formed by sampling section and standard shunt (3) sampling welding arc electric current.Prime amplifier (4) is imported differentiator (5) and absolute value circuit (8) respectively after sampled signal is amplified, and peak-reading voltmeter (11) is connected between absolute value circuit (8) and the comparer (9); After differentiator (5) is handled the sampled signal differential, via absolute value circuit (6), comparer (7) output current interruption pulse, overlap with marker pulses via absolute value circuit (8), comparer (9) output, detect the current interruption pulse through NAND gate circuit (10), import computing machine (12) at last and carry out data processing.Application standard shunt (3) sampling alternating current arc electric current also carries out the linear transformation of current/voltage, obtains the sampling input voltage that is directly proportional with welding current.Prime amplifier (4) amplifies the back with this signal and divides two-way output, and one the tunnel enters differentiator (5) differentiates.Another road enters absolute value circuit (8) the alternating current arc current signal is taken absolute value.Differentiator (5) changes the alternating current arc current signal into differential output (di)/(dt), in order to extract the feature of current interruption.Owing to adopted differentiator (5), not only got rid of the error of by the welding current fluctuation measurement being brought in the welding process, eliminated the prime amplifier temperature float, the time float the error that system is caused, and can separate at welding rod with alkaline coating and exchange the arc extinguishing phenomenon (arc short circuit) that produces owing to molten short circuiting transfer in the welding process.Absolute value circuit (6), (8) take absolute value to the differential and the alternating current arc current signal of alternating current arc current signal respectively.Two absolute value signal enter two comparers (7), (9) respectively.For the existing definition in the base value value front of flame current differential signal absolute value, i.e. (di)/(dt)=0, this is the threshold value of comparer (7) when measuring the current interruption parameter.(because absolute value circuit exists arithmetic eror and drift etc., this value is real gets an acceptable error amount, is decided to be 10mv in this device).When this threshold value increases, i.e. (di)/(dt)=α, this device not only can record actual current interruption parameter, and records any accurate current interruption parameter of (di)/(the dt)＜α of alternating current arc natural zero-crossing point near simultaneously, has so just expanded the performance of this device.Comparer (7) is output as: all moment of all meeting (di)/(dt)＜α all have a high level corresponding with it in flame current differential absolute value, this high level has formed a rect.p., pulse width just equals the current interruption time, provides in the pulse train mode.Current interruption or the caused pulse of accurate current interruption near the alternating current arc natural zero-crossing point in this pulse train, have been comprised, the whole moment that also comprised near its (di)/(the dt)＜α of alternating current arc current maxima, this back part does not obviously meet the current interruption definition, it must be rejected.The absolute value that makes the alternating current arc current signal produces id signal and is discerned by comparer (9).The current signal passing threshold is the comparer (9) of b, comparer when zero passage (9) output one positive pulse, and when the b value is 400mv (this moment, peak value was 2V), when standard sine, corresponding marker pulses width is 1.3ms.When actual current interruption or accurate arc took place, this pulse was automatic broadening, if current interruption time during less than 1.3ms/2, the marker pulses width broadens seldom; The current interruption time is during greater than 1.3ms/2, and then the marker pulses width is greater than the 1.3ms/2+ current interruption time.Promptly must corresponding marker pulses whenever current interruption takes place, and the marker pulses width is always greater than the current interruption time.By sine function and its differential relationship as can be known, both just have 90 degree phase differential, during the alternating current arc current over-zero, differential is through maximal value, and current interruption just occurs near the maximal value of alternating current arc current over-zero and its differential, and natural current interruption pulse and marker pulses coincide, and be high level, through Sheffer stroke gate (10), the current interruption pulse is detected, and is low level.
Photoelectricity coupling and device between comparer and Sheffer stroke gate, have been adopted, purpose is to make carries out complete electrical isolation between simulation signal processing and the computing machine, prevent of the interference of welding machine loop, realized the level conversion between operational amplifier Sheffer stroke gate (10) simultaneously computing machine.
For analog processing system when the different welding conditions all can obtain same incoming level, this device is provided with simple peak voltage table (11), be used with the sampling section potentiometer, put a grade output voltage peak value before can when different welding conditions, making and be adjusted at 2V.So far, the alternating current arc current analog signal is handled and is all finished.
Current interruption supplemental characteristic statistics of the present invention is finished by single board computer (12) with processing.The PIO that designs a calculating machine is the input port, in order to accept current interruption and the accurate current interruption pulse by analog signal processing device output.PIOA, PIOB all are set at a prosecutor formula.Wherein the PIOA mouth is as timer synchronizing signal input port.It waits for first current interruption pulse arrival back execution " timer starts synchronously " interrupt service routine, and this interrupt service routine calls a time-delay 5ms subroutine, and program flow diagram as shown in Figure 2.
Time-delay 5ms put into operation after this program made system receive first current interruption pulse.Its objective is to make 10ms time-count cycle and flame current cycle strict synchronism, and lag behind current cycle 5ms that avoiding when current interruption takes place, current interruption parameter testing interrupt service routine (Fig. 4) is nested with timer interrupt service routine (Fig. 3).But this was nested inevitable when a current interruption time surpassed 5ms, yet the test error ratio that is at this moment produced is very little, can ignore.For making program unlikely very long, error is not given correction in program.
Timer CTC uses that the cycle is that 0.5008 μ S time clock produces 10ms look-at-me once in the main frame, and as shown in Figure 3, timer interrupts 100 times, and the time of being moved is 10ms * 100=1 standard second, number during with second of second register accumulative total test process.
The PIOB mouth is accepted the current interruption pulse and is produced interruption, be illustrated in figure 4 as current interruption parameter testing interrupt service routine process flow diagram, its core is that one-period is the loop body of 25 μ S, as logical rule the current interruption pulse width is measured, every circulation primary, the current interruption time register adds one, till finishing to current interruption.After measuring end, this current interruption time data that writes down in the current interruption time register is placed the internal storage location of data field pointer appointment, make and vacate a byte between adjacent two data, use when stream does to carry out in the future decimal system conversion.Then, current interruption time number register adds 1, accumulates the current interruption number of times within it.
As shown in Figure 5, master routine is formed by four sections:
1, PIOA mouth initialization is set at the position control, allows interrupt mode, and opening has no progeny among the CPU is in waiting status.
2, close the PIOB mouth, make its disabled interrupt.The initialization of PIOB mouth is set at the position control, allows interrupt mode.The timer initialization is set at automatic startup, and 10ms regularly.
3, the original state of each register is set, open CPU and interrupt entering then loop program, detect second counter and whether arrived the sampling time of setting, do not arrive and then continue circulation, and respond the PIOB mouth at any time and interrupt interrupting with timer, if to the sampling time of setting, then close CPU immediately and interrupt, enter data processor.
4, data processing: at first the current interruption number of times with two byte hexadecimals converts three byte decimal numbers to, and deposits in the raw address, and will take this moment gave a dummy cell that stays originally.By current interruption number of times data designated number the current interruption time of storing in the data field is carried out decimal system conversion successively then, same, each data all will take a dummy cell that gives staying after conversion, and its data all conversion finish, and promptly print work.So far, test job finishes, and has obtained the total data of this time experiment.
The present invention is for improving covered electrode, and the shop characteristic of electric welding machine provides a very important means of testing for solving welding rod with alkaline coating interchange welding problem, can be quick, and the accurate current interruption parameter of measuring the welding alternating current arc.Apparatus structure of the present invention is simple, and is easy to operate, and cost is low, can obtain test result immediately.
Claims (3)
1, measures the method for welding alternating current arc current interruption parameter, adopt welding alternating current arc electric current as sampled signal, again it is changed into the voltage original signal, after prime amplifier 4 amplifies, divide two-way output, the inventive method is characterised in that will be carried out differential by one road output voltage original signal of prime amplifier 4 handles, and makes the current interruption phenomenon characteristicization, through absolute value, comparison, form the current interruption pulse again; Another road output to prime amplifier 4 directly takes absolute value, compares, and forms marker pulses, and with this marker pulses identification, extraction current interruption pulse, the input computing machine is measured at last.
2, by the described assay method of claim 1, adopt computing machine to measure, its characteristics are that computing machine adopts timer to start interrupt service routine synchronously and makes total system time-delay operation, make time-count cycle and welding alternating current arc current cycle strict synchronism; Adopt master routine, timer interrupt service routine and current interruption signal testing interrupt service routine to carry out data processing, determine record current interruption parameter.
3, the device that adopts the described method of claim 1 that welding alternating current arc current interruption parameter is measured, by standard shunt sampling original signal, it is characterized in that this device is made up of prime amplifier (4), differentiator (5), absolute value circuit (6), (8), comparer (7), (9), NAND gate circuit (10), computing machine (12) and peak-reading voltmeter (11); Prime amplifier (4) is imported differentiator (5) and absolute value circuit (8) respectively after sampled signal is amplified, and peak-reading voltmeter (11) is connected between the output terminal and earth point of absolute value circuit (8); After differentiator (5) is handled the sampled signal differential, via absolute value circuit (6), comparer (7) output current interruption pulse, input to NAND gate circuit (10) with the marker pulses of explaining out via absolute value circuit (8), comparer (9), detect the current interruption pulse, import computing machine (12) again and carry out data processing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86102806 CN1011081B (en) | 1986-04-20 | 1986-04-20 | Method for measuring arc-breaking parameter of welding ac arc and its equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86102806 CN1011081B (en) | 1986-04-20 | 1986-04-20 | Method for measuring arc-breaking parameter of welding ac arc and its equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86102806A CN86102806A (en) | 1987-06-17 |
| CN1011081B true CN1011081B (en) | 1991-01-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86102806 Expired CN1011081B (en) | 1986-04-20 | 1986-04-20 | Method for measuring arc-breaking parameter of welding ac arc and its equipment |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1011081B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP6882832B2 (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2021-06-02 | 株式会社ダイヘン | AC non-consumable electrode arc welding control method |
| CN112345928B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-09-24 | 大连理工大学 | Method for measuring current after arc based on tunnel magnetoresistive element |
| CN117422205B (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-04-19 | 天津电力工程监理有限公司 | Digital twinning-based fabricated steel structure substation construction management system and method |
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1986
- 1986-04-20 CN CN 86102806 patent/CN1011081B/en not_active Expired
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| CN86102806A (en) | 1987-06-17 |
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