CN101092714A - Apparatus for collection and removal of gases from an aluminum reduction cell - Google Patents

Apparatus for collection and removal of gases from an aluminum reduction cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101092714A
CN101092714A CNA2007101013418A CN200710101341A CN101092714A CN 101092714 A CN101092714 A CN 101092714A CN A2007101013418 A CNA2007101013418 A CN A2007101013418A CN 200710101341 A CN200710101341 A CN 200710101341A CN 101092714 A CN101092714 A CN 101092714A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gas
transmission pipeline
gas feed
nozzle
superstructure
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CNA2007101013418A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
V·G·谢德林
G·V·阿尔希波夫
V·V·平格林
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ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL CT R
Russian Engineering Co LLC
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ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL CT R
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25CPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/22Collecting emitted gases

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for collection and removal of gases emitted by an aluminum reduction cell is formed within an anode superstructure having two sidewalls spaced from each other. At least one gas transmitting channel having varying cross-section extends along the superstructure toward an end thereof associated with a gas treatment system. A plurality of gas input sections are provided within the superstructure and formed by a pair of spaced from each other members extending transversely to said sidewalls. At least one nozzle is formed at an interface between the gas transmitting channel and the respected gas input section. The ratio of cross-section area of the nozzle at an outlet thereof to a cross-section area of the gas transmitting channel and the output of the nozzle decreases in the direction of the end of the gas transmitting channel associated with the gas treatment system.

Description

Be used to collect and remove device from the gas of aluminium cell
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to Non-ferrous Metallurgy, relate more specifically to the collection and confinement of gases in the electrolysis system aluminium and remove technology.
Background technology
In metallurgical technology, more specifically in alumina eltrolysis system aluminium technology, electrolyzer is known.The base portion that the carbon piece that comprises the groove (tank) of upper end open in the electrolyzer and supported by metal strip forms.This carbon piece is connected with liner and as negative electrode.This groove comprises by being dissolved in the sodium aluminum fluoride and being heated to the electrolytic bath that about 950 ℃ to 1050 ℃ aluminum oxide is formed.Carbon system anode is immersed in this sodium aluminum fluoride bath.
During galvanization, this aluminum oxide is decomposed into aluminium and is formed on sedimentary metal melt on the negative electrode in electrolyzer.In said process, discharge oxygen.The bottom of carbon anode is immersed in the high-temperature electrolysis bath.Owing to there is combustible oxygen, this anode is burned when its top is softening.
The anodic burning is accompanied by a large amount of flue gases and discharges, and described flue gas is made up of for example particle of carbonic acid gas, carbon monoxide, sulfurous gas, gaseous hydrogen fluoric acid and carbon, aluminum oxide and fluorochemicals.Solid-state skinning (crust) can be formed usually on the top of electrolyzer.Thereby the gas that this skinning is blocked in the electrolyzer forms cumulative pressure.Skinning breaks usually to reduce cumulative pressure and to make the loss of cumulative gas.
Described gas contains HUMAN HEALTH and the disadvantageous hazardous compound of environment.Therefore, these gases must be collected and purify.The growth of the output of electrolyzer causes the sharp-pointed problem of collection and confinement of gases and purification aspect.Because the growth of production facility scale and quantity and strict environmental legislation, the cost of gas processing increases rapidly.In addition, gas is removed insufficient also can the reduction and is produced aluminium efficient in the electrolyzer, and causes more gas release in workplace through regular meeting.Therefore, the air in the buildings is bigger to the harm of breathing, and needs to carry out expensive more filtration and purification process processing before air is led to atmosphere.
The general method of collecting gas from electrolyzer comprises from the roof or the spatial accommodation of buildings collects gas.Collector unit can be collected the gas that discharges from a plurality of independent electrolyzers.A large amount of gas must purify before leaving equipment, was that the concentration of obnoxious flavour is enough low usually but make us feeling uncomfortable, can be breathed also.For the air capacity in the main facilities is purified, need huge and expensive filtering system.The top of (6,790,337) Hall-Heroult type electrolyzer generally includes the anode superstructure of being made up of lid that comprises air-bleed system or shell.Can also add some auxiliary facilitys, for example have the interior raw material dosing system of anode beams, skinning destroyer and superstructure of jack (jack).Air-bleed system, the gas pipeline on the anode superstructure of saying so more accurately can be divided into two independent systems (right side/left side), and it leads to the conduit of preferably arranging along locular wall.
USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) patent 1473718 discloses collection and confinement of gases and the removal device that the internal space of superstructure in height is divided into five collecting regions by transverse slat.Each collecting region extends through the length of superstructure, and is equivalent to cover two baffle plates of groove or the width of two outer cover baffle plates haply.In aforesaid device, the interval between adjacent two dividing plates forms and is fit to remove the intended pipe that gas is used from each collecting region.These pipelines are merged into the associating collection and confinement of gases that is connected with central pumping equipment and are responsible for.By be installed in the control of temperature sensor on each pipeline and rotatable baffle plate (throttle plate) by each pipeline collected at suction to gas volume.The primary goal of the device of the prior art is that automatic pilot-gas is collected intensity under the different operation modes of electrolyzer.
By dividing plate the superstructure gas duct of above-mentioned patent being further divided into the parallelpiped system with fixing transversal section S1 has increased each greatly and has installed unwanted aerodynamic drag (gas-dynamic resistance).In order to overcome above-mentioned sizable resistance, need to adopt area of low pressure or vacuum.In addition, the extra aerodynamic drag of throttle plate generation that is installed on each pipeline causes aluminum oxide to deposit in pipeline.High temperature, friction particles, fluorine cpd and magnetic field also can hinder or even stop the normal running of throttle plate basically.
Sedimentary aluminum oxide makes gas at the uniform velocity to remove in the whole length of electrolyzer the redistribution of the air-flow in the pipeline in the pipeline.
Because the internal space of the superstructure of the prior art device is divided with the solid transverse slat again, therefore can not install and use the metering outfit of aluminum oxide automatic feed (AAF).Another main drawback of the prior art equipment has been to limit significantly and has used the whole positive bar with side bus connected to one another (side busbars).
Russ P 2,218,453 have instructed a kind of device of collecting and remove gas from the alumina electrolysis bath that aluminum oxide automatic feed metering outfit is housed.The superstructure of forming this device is by vertical wall, top and the bottom strengthening part and have the pump orifice that is applicable to collection and confinement of gases and removal or the gas duct of window forms.The vertical wall of superstructure contains two elements.Like this, form from two gas pipelines that collect at the top of superstructure and removal gas is used.Limiting device be mounted to each gas pipeline at angle, thereby form suction socket with constant width and variable height.The height of gas pipeline increases towards the direction of the end of the superstructure that connects gas treating system.
In the device of the prior art, gas jet (jet) vertically and apace enters gas pipeline and forms the vortex cavity that makes that the aerodynamic drag of equipment air-flow increases.Tenuity in the gas treating system (vacuum tightness) is high more, and gas-flow resistance is big more.As a result, fail to provide the required tenuity (vacuum tightness) of gas in the whole length of removal electrolyzer.In this device, only can effectively remove the gas in the part electrolyzer.As a result, gas is removed inhomogeneous generation and is caused undesirable air-flow to penetrate into the stagnant wake of potroom in the whole length of electrolyzer.
In order to guarantee on the whole length of electrolyzer, evenly to collect gas, only changed the transversal section of gas pipeline S1.Suction socket S2 zone keeps constant width and opens on the entire length of superstructure.In this case, the gas volume that enters significantly surpasses gas pipeline exit portion capacity.The another kind of possible way that reduces the suction socket width causes the oxidized aluminium of suction socket to be buried usually.Above-mentioned one type of prior art syringe can't evenly be removed gas on the entire length at electrolyzer under the situation that does not change suction socket S2 zone and each self-structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the partial view of the alumina electrolysis bath of collecting and remove the device element that gas uses;
Fig. 2 shows the partial view of superstructure of an embodiment of the gas feed part of the gas transmission pipeline that is connected to superstructure and electrolyzer outer cover;
Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the gas feed part that is connected to the gas transmission pipeline;
Fig. 4 shows an embodiment again of the gas feed part that is connected to the gas transmission pipeline;
Fig. 5 shows the chart (adopting the StarCD software development) of removing the estimation efficient of gas from electrolyzer.
Embodiment
Below, referring to all accompanying drawings particularly as the collection that discharges gas with remove Fig. 1 with the partial view of device.More specifically, Fig. 1 has shown and the shell of electrolyzer or the partial view of outer cover (hooding) bonded anode superstructure 1.This anode superstructure 1 forms by at least two sidewalls 2, thereby defines operating space 19 therebetween.At least one gas transmission pipeline 3 in the top area 9 of superstructure from near-end 12 to far-end 14 longitudinal extensions, described far-end 14 directly or indirectly is connected to factory's gas treating system.Gas transmission pipeline 3 is formed by roof 15 and diapire 17 as interface between gas pipeline and a plurality of gas feed part at least.The transversal section region S 1 of gas transmission pipeline 3 increases on far-end 14 directions.Like this, the vertical tension E of gas transmission pipeline 3 is reaching maximum near the far-end 14 with the gas treating system junction.Many panels 5 to separating each other are provided in the anode superstructure, and it defines the gas feed part 6 of a plurality of vertical direction.Panel 5 is laterally with respect to sidewall 2 usually and generally perpendicularly extends in operating space 19.
Fig. 2,3,4 shows gas feed part 6 best and extends to the outlet 18 that is arranged on gas transmission pipeline 3 from the import 16 that outer cover 7 upper areas provide by the anode superstructure.Each gas feed part is formed by at least one nozzle 8 that provides on the interface 17 between gas feed part and the gas transmission pipeline separately.In the embodiment of Fig. 2, gas feed part 6 usefulness form with a plurality of nozzles 8 that interface 17 is provided with at angle.
The present invention is characterized in, the ratio (S2/S1) of the transversal cross-sectional area of the nozzle 8 of exit region and the transversal cross-sectional area that is positioned at the gas transmission pipeline 3 on the nozzle location with the direction of gas treating system bonded far-end 14 on reduce.The transversal cross-sectional area of the exit region of nozzle reduces towards the groove end that is connected with gas treating system with the ratio (S2/S1) of the transversal cross-sectional area of the gas pipeline in jet exit zone.
Ratio (S2/S1) between the zone of the gas pipeline length on the distal direction of the groove that is connected with gas treatment centre in the superstructure descends, and making aerodynamic drag distributed becomes possibility.Can provide required tenuity (vacuum tightness) along the whole length of gas pipeline like this.This equipment helps evenly to remove gas on the whole length of groove.
Gas feed partly is arranged on (being depicted as the axis and the feeds of alumina system hopper 9 of feeds of alumina system destroyer bar) and groove metal suction district 10 in the operational zone of feeds of alumina system skinning destroyer.This means at gas and provide the gas feed part from the zone of effusions such as aluminum oxide skinning.Like this, the equipment that is installed under this regional outer cover can be collected gas most effectively.
Referring now to Fig. 2,, an embodiment of the gas feed part 6 that provides in the anode superstructure between baffle plate (closure) or outer cover 7 and gas transmission pipeline 3 is provided Fig. 2.In this embodiment, the relative major part of panel 5 almost parallel each other.In interface 17, provide nozzle 8 to make its longitudinal axis (exe) be arranged to the interface in an acute angle.This orientation of nozzle helps gas input and mobile in the pipeline 3.
In the embodiment of Fig. 3, panel 5A is provided with at angle each other, makes gas feed part 6A form with taper.Like this, the transversal section of the entry zone 16A of gas feed part is roughly greater than the transversal section that is installed in the outlet 18A on the 17A of interface.In this embodiment, nozzle 8A comprises and is used for the further snubber 22 of guiding input air-flow on the direction of far-end 14.Gas feed part 8A shown in Fig. 3 can also form the truncated cone-cone configuration.
Below referring to the Fig. 4 of an embodiment again that shows gas feed part.The panel 5B that separates each other is provided with each other at angle, and and gas transmission pipeline and each gas feed part between interface 17B be provided with at angle.The longitudinal axis of gas feed part also be arranged to the interface at angle.In order to help air-flow from gas feed part 6 " steadily enter the gas transmission pipeline 3B on the exit region, panel 5B forms has curved portion 24B and 26B.The zone that partly enters the gas transmission pipeline in gas feed provides step-like configuration (step-type formulation) 28B.
The use of nozzle provides the required gentle angle that flows to into gas pipeline of original speed, and can not form eddy current and stagnant wake.In addition, nozzle is arranged to help to distribute the air-flow that flows at angle with the gas transmission pipeline in the gas pipeline length range.This greatly reduces the aerodynamic drag of system.
In that loss enters space under the outer cover 7 from skinning disruptive gas during the electric tank working.Then, the convection gas that flows through gas feed part 6 and nozzle 8 enters the gas treating system (not shown) that gas transmission pipeline 3 then is sent to potroom.
Fig. 5 has presented the chart that is illustrated in the gas removal efficient of calculating gained in the electrolyzer length range.According to prior art, only S1 (the transversal cross-sectional area of gas pipeline) influences the variation of system.And in device of the present invention, the ratio of S2/S1 changes on the distal direction of the gas transmission pipeline that is connected with the potroom gas treating system and reduces.In the practice test, make the gas feed part according to the embodiment of Fig. 2.Adopt STAR-CD computer hydromeehanics program that identical trough pattern is calculated.With STAR-CD computer hydromeehanics program prior art equipment is carried out the mathematical model from electrolyzer removal gas that obtains and show that gas only is removed in half scope of pact of electrolyzer total length.Obviously find out that from the chart of Fig. 5 along with the ratio decline of S2/S1 on the distal direction of the gas transmission pipeline that is connected with gas treating system, gas is removed equably in the length range of electrolyzer.In the specific growth that proximal location is removed the amount of gas, must need from the process of groove suction metal, evenly to remove gas.
The structure that the device of gas was collected and removed to being used to of the invention described above provides required gas velocity and direction in the gas transmission pipeline.Although the present invention is combined in the embodiment shown in the application's the accompanying drawing and discusses, be to be understood that other conspicuous change all belongs to scope of the present invention.For example, the anode superstructure with at least one gas transmission pipeline more than has been discussed.Yet, should be appreciated that the embodiments of the present invention with a plurality of gas transmission pipelines and many exhausts body inlet part also belong to scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. device that is used to collect and remove by the gas that aluminium cell discharged with feeds of alumina system, described device comprises:
The anode superstructure, described anode superstructure is formed by following structure: at least two separate each other to limit the sidewall of operating space therebetween; The gas transmission pipeline of at least one the transversal section that extends along described superstructure with variation, the far-end of described at least one gas transmission pipeline links to each other with gas treating system, and the height of described at least one gas transmission pipeline increases towards described far-end; A plurality of gas feed parts in described superstructure, each described gas feed part is formed by described relatively sidewall horizontal expansion and a pair of parts that separate each other, each described gas feed part extends through described superstructure from import to outlet, and described outlet is provided on the described gas transmission pipeline and is applicable to described gas is sent at least one gas pipeline; The nozzle that at least one forms on the interface between each described gas feed part and the described at least one gas transmission pipeline is in order to be provided at required gas velocity and the direction at least one gas transmission pipeline.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the transversal cross-sectional area of the outlet of described nozzle reduces on the direction of the described far-end of described at least one gas transmission pipeline with the ratio of the transversal cross-sectional area of the described gas transmission pipeline that is positioned at described jet exit.
3. device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described device is suitable for collecting and remove the gas that aluminium cell discharges by having autoxidation aluminium feed system.
4. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described a plurality of gas feeds part forms in the operational zone of described feeds of alumina system.
5. device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described gas feed partly is provided at the position of the destroyer and the metal suction equipment of described aluminium cell.
6. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the described parts that separate each other are almost parallel and be connected with described interface, the nozzle that extends through described interface each other.
7. device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described interface is the wall of longitudinal extension between described a plurality of gas feed parts and described at least one gas transmission pipeline, and the longitudinal axis of each described nozzle is arranged to the wall of described longitudinal extension in an acute angle.
8. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the parts that form described gas feed part are provided with each other at angle, make each described gas feed partly form the cone configuration, wherein the transversal section of the entry zone of each described gas feed part is roughly greater than the transversal section at the exit region place that provides on the described interface.
9. device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, each described nozzle is provided in the outlet of each gas feed part, described nozzle has snubber to be made, must with the described distal direction of gas treating system bonded on further directing air flow leave described nozzle and enter the gas transmission pipeline.
10. device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, each described gas feed partly has the truncated cone-cone configuration.
11. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the described parts that separate each other that form each gas feed part each other and described relatively interface at angle, wherein, the longitudinal axis of each described gas feed part be arranged to described interface at angle.
12. device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described curve connecting zone is provided between each described parts and described interface, promotes described gas to enter described gas transmission pipeline reposefully from described gas feed part.
CNA2007101013418A 2006-04-18 2007-04-18 Apparatus for collection and removal of gases from an aluminum reduction cell Pending CN101092714A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2006113089 2006-04-18
RU2006113089/02A RU2316620C1 (en) 2006-04-18 2006-04-18 Apparatus for collecting and removing gases from aluminum cell

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CN101092714A true CN101092714A (en) 2007-12-26

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US (1) US20070240996A1 (en)
CN (1) CN101092714A (en)
AU (1) AU2007201713A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2585225A1 (en)
NO (1) NO20071984L (en)
RU (1) RU2316620C1 (en)

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CN107653462A (en) * 2017-10-27 2018-02-02 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 A kind of roasting aluminum electrolytic bath process glance coal gas collection administering method and device

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NO332375B1 (en) * 2008-09-19 2012-09-10 Norsk Hydro As Spot feeder with integrated exhaust collection as well as a method for exhaust collection
EP2360296B1 (en) * 2010-01-21 2017-03-15 General Electric Technology GmbH A method of ventilating an aluminium production electrolytic cell
NO20190343A1 (en) * 2019-03-14 2020-09-15 Norsk Hydro As Arrangement for collection of hot gas from an electrolysis process, and a method for such gas collection

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107653462A (en) * 2017-10-27 2018-02-02 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 A kind of roasting aluminum electrolytic bath process glance coal gas collection administering method and device
CN107653462B (en) * 2017-10-27 2023-06-13 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Asphalt smoke gas collection treatment method and device in roasting process of aluminum electrolysis cell

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AU2007201713A1 (en) 2007-11-01
RU2316620C1 (en) 2008-02-10
NO20071984L (en) 2007-10-19
US20070240996A1 (en) 2007-10-18
CA2585225A1 (en) 2007-10-18

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