CN101076701A

CN101076701A - Cooling assembly

Info

Publication number: CN101076701A
Application number: CNA2005800426022A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗杰·普鲁伊特; 基思·纽曼; 凯文·巴思; 约翰·莫雷斯
Original assignee: GPM Inc
Current assignee: GPM Inc
Priority date: 2004-10-12
Filing date: 2005-10-11
Publication date: 2007-11-21
Also published as: US20070175234A1

Abstract

A system and method are shown which utilize a hybrid mechanical and evaporative air conditioning system to produce potable drinking while cooling an enclosure. The system operates on direct current, making it suitable for use in areas effected by natural disaster, power outage, or simply rural locations without access to electricity. The conditioning system includes both evaporative air conditioning and mechanical air conditioning functioning components to produce a water discharge. The system is operated to cool an enclosure. A portion of the water discharge is then drawn off and purified for use as drinking water.

Description

Cooling package

Technical field

Generally speaking, the present invention relates to the small-power air-conditioning system, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of small-power air-conditioning system that is used for employing shell-and-tube exchanger under the drought condition, the combined type that also relates to the water (refrigerated sump water) that utilizes the cooled water leg that uses in other environment directly/indirect evaporation cooler.

Background technology

In one embodiment, the invention provides the air-conditioning system of the building of the arid that is used to be in as desert and so on, hot environment.This environment control is the basis of enjoy high quality life, and, in some cases, the primary condition that still earns a bare living.This is very real for human and domestic animal.

In desert Environment, day temperature often reaches more than 100 degrees Fahrenheits, and relative humidity often is lower than 20% simultaneously.Usually conventional based on transpiration-cooled air-conditioning system, promptly so-called " polywater formula cooler (swamp coolers) " to hang down under this condition be effective owing to humidity.Moving this system needs power supply, is a kind of restriction in its application facet operating cost therefore.Conventional devaporizer expends a large amount of water, so they are only limited in the zone that can obtain water and use.Not to obtain enough water in desert Environment.The air-conditioning system of other types requires the building sealing, and needs expensive and equipment high maintenance rate, and operating cost is very expensive.Place of some stable breeding domestic animals and special building can not keep good sealing or heat insulation, and therefore, influencing the inside of these buildings and external environment condition, to reach thermally equilibrated obstacle very little.Generally speaking, because the operating cost of air-conditioning system and the air-conditioning system in these buildings are usually inoperative, these buildings are not provided with air-conditioning system.Most of air-conditioning systems are utilized operation power, and are not that total energy acquisition electric power or electricity rates are unreasonable in the residing zone of these buildings.If can provide a kind of efficiently, simply, being used for desert Environment and can for human and domestic animal, all being very favorable of integrated (self-contained) in the air-conditioning system of the cheap operation of unencapsulated building.

Provide a kind of and can provide power or by battery or solar paddles or by both power supplies or to provide air-conditioning system, this class air-conditioning system of power to have that advantage noted earlier can move simultaneously in comprising the wide humidity range of the torrid zone and subtropical climate by cheap AC power supplies also be favourable by direct current.

Provide another advantage of this system to be, it can utilize relatively wet air-flow and the relative air-flow of doing, perhaps make the air-flow mixing or selectively make these air-flows enter the inside of the building that needs cooling by selection with estimated rate, for example, exist under the situation of high humility, the air-flow of only selecting to do is transported in the space that needs cooling.

Realize in the air draught that the transpiration-cooled simple form of building is ejected into motion by spray or mist with water.For example, can be referring to the U.S.5146762 that is issued to Atkins.The problem that this system exists is that it makes excessive moisture in the building, thereby causes algae and bacteria breed.The scheme that makes some the problem minimum in these problems that Atkins proposes is, places at an end of building, apart from the far position of atomizer nozzle (fogger nozzles) of the relative end of building and discharges fan.This method makes the wear rate of water very fast.The water of supplying with atomizer nozzle all is consumed more than 95%.The evaporative cooling system of Atkins allegedly can produce the temperature fall of about 20 degree.

Also the someone advises traditional evaporative cooling system is attached in the system that comprises heater that studies intensively more.For example, referring to the U.S.4773471 that is issued to people such as Grant.In addition traditional evaporative cooling system is attached to the suggestion in the system that studies intensively more with cooled air system.For example referring to the U.S.5911745 that is issued to Conner.

The U.S.6434963 that is issued to Urch discloses a kind ofly to have two air flow passage, promptly is used for the access road of outside air and be used for the aerial cooler of the exit passageway of stale air.Make fresh air pre-cooled by draw heat heat exchanger in the ozone never, and by means of realizing further cooling across the devaporizer of two air flow passage.

Consider these problems, people recognize needs a kind of improved air-conditioning system.

Summary of the invention

In one embodiment, air-condition assembly of the present invention comprises shell-and-tube exchanger, and wherein ambient air is forced through both sides and almost is discharged into the inside of the building that need be cooled together.For convenience's sake, the air-flow of both sides was mixed into one air-flow before being discharged into this interior of building, and perhaps two sidewinds are discharged in the building respectively.This heat exchanger is specially adapted to high temperature and the low humidity condition in the desert in summer.This air-condition assembly is higher than about 80 degrees Fahrenheits, relative humidity for temperature, and to be lower than situation about 40%, that preferred relative humidity is about below 35% effective especially.It is not to move under the strict situation about sealing that this air-condition assembly is applicable at the building that need regulate air, that is to say, can have some openings that pass building, these openings can make air-flow unblocked substantially and have big to for example 6 square inches to 1 or 2 square feet area.Efficient, reliable, economic, simple and practicable air-conditioning system of the present invention can be used for stock barn, tent, temporay building etc.Air-conditioning system of the present invention does not need that study intensively or expensive equipment to make its operation.This air-conditioning system convenient transportation, can be installed on temporay building inboard easily as tent and so on.

The case side of preferred heat exchanger is by as the liquid of water and so on drippage or wetting by spray thrower, and air-flow flows through case side in the mode of turbulent flow.Air stream is directed into outlet from case side.The air communication that flows through the pipe side is crossed to contact with tube wall and is cooled and is discharged into outlet.Preferably make the air-flow combination of case side and pipe side and it is discharged into the inside of the building that need be cooled.If necessary, these air-flows are mixed after being discharged into interior of building.The suction of preferred air-flow and discharging are all carried out at interior of building.

In another embodiment, the present invention includes utilization freezed cooling water leg water directly/indirect evaporation cooler.Preferably this cooler being designed to stack arranges.Refrigeration compressor and battery occupy the top section of design building thing and are located on the top shelf.Top shelf forms the roof of discharge plenum (exhaust air plenum).The forced ventilation evaporative cooling chamber that is positioned at the discharge plenum below occupies the mid portion of design building thing, and in one embodiment, it is about 65% of unit gross weight.Cooling water water leg and air plenum (intake air plenum) occupy the bottom of cooling chamber.The bottom of cooling chamber also comprises and accommodates the roof that enters pumping chamber (intake plenum) that enters fan (intake fan).Enter fan and make the too much root tedge of air upwelling, these tedges are by discharging supercharging (exhaust plenum) chamber and entering the pumping chamber and be connected and pass cooling chamber.

The refrigeration compressor refrigeration at the top of the water in the cooling water water leg by being positioned at the building that is designed.Cold water from the cooling water water leg is introduced into evaporative cooling chamber by distribution header.Cold water is full of evaporative medium, and perhaps in other words this evaporative medium, contacts with tedge around the tedge of cooling chamber inside.By means of the opposed fan that is installed on the cooling chamber sidewall air is introduced cooling chamber, promoted the evaporative cooling process thereby air produces turbulent flow in cooling chamber.Can be discharged into the inside of the building that needs cooling by suitable pipeline from the cooling air of cooling chamber.

By entering fan the air suction is entered in the pumping chamber, enter fan and force air upwards to flow through the interior tedge of cooling chamber.Tedge contacts through the supercooled water water leg and with evaporative medium in the cooling chamber, makes the outside cooling of pipe whereby.By the heat conduction of pipe, the air in the pipe is cooled.If necessary, the air of this relatively dry can be guided to the inside of the building that needs cooling through suitable pipeline, and it is mixed with more moistening, chilled air from cooling chamber.

After this among the embodiment, adopted two synchronizing processes to cool off air in the present invention.Air is cooled the absolute humidity of the water that raising is cooled off by this way by directly contact with the indoor water of evaporative cooling.Other air are also by the heat of tedge inside conduction cooling.If necessary, two strands of air-flows are mixed in discharge tube, cause the moistening relatively air of the air origin self-evaporation process that is discharged and form near the AIR MIXTURES of ambient humidity, light and temperature.The cooling water water leg of cooling chamber bottom is as cooling body (cooling mass) and aqua storage tank.By means of the similar cryogenic compressor that is used on the ice machine water cooling in the water leg is arrived near the state that freezes.Compressor can rely on AC or the operation of DC power supply.Be used for entering the electric fan DC fan preferably on pumping chamber and the cooling chamber, it can be driven by solar cell or battery.

Under high humidity environment, inboard near settling other refrigeration header near the exhaust outlet of wet type chamber at the wet type chamber.Existing being used for can be cooled off the cold-producing medium of mechanical type refrigeration system of the water of the water leg in the wet type chamber and supply with described other refrigeration header.The other header of dropping valve (pump down valve) control refrigerant flow direction, and only just header is cooled off during the opposed fan running on the sidewall that is installed on the wet type chamber.

Available pipe is sent air into the wet type chamber, causes or introduce outside air, perhaps introduces the room air from the bottom hothouse of assembly.Air-condition assembly can be installed in the room with ceiling ventilating opening, described ceiling ventilating opening be used to make static air movement to attic space so that one after the other air is discharged to the outside of the building that is cooled.

Other purposes of the present invention, advantage and novel feature will be by more obvious below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing detailed description of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Building of the present invention has comprehensive advantage.Following description will describe some representative application, but this is also non exhaustive.One skilled in the art will recognize that the basic skills that this specification provides and the instruction of relevant devices can be applicable to a lot of application easily.The applicant is intended that, although restrictive language performance mode may occur owing to the influence of the requirement that is described with reference to specific embodiment, this specification should be consistent with disclosed scope of the present invention and design in wide region with claims.

Describe with reference to the accompanying drawings, these illustrate only for illustrative purposes, rather than limitation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of shell-and-tube exchanger of the present invention;

The cross-sectional view of Fig. 2 for dissecing along 2-2 line among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the cross sectional representation that (shell plenum) dissects along the housing pumping chamber of another embodiment of the present invention, and it shows a kind of liquid spraying system;

Fig. 4 is the cross sectional representation of dissecing along the housing pumping chamber of an embodiment more of the present invention, and it shows the pipe that is enclosed in fully in the cover layer (blankets);

Fig. 5 is the inner building plan that shell-and-tube exchanger air-conditioning system of the present invention is installed;

Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger shown in Figure 5 that dissects along the housing pumping chamber;

The chart of Fig. 7 shows the temperature of record in position shown in Figure 5 116 and 120 place's tables 4 and 5 and the reading of relative humidity;

Fig. 8 is the perspective view of another embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, and the characteristics of this embodiment are the direct/indirect evaporation coolings that are combined with the water that utilizes cooled cooling water leg;

Fig. 9 is the rearview of device shown in Figure 8, for the internal part of this device is shown easily, has removed rear wall among the figure;

Figure 10 is used for the refrigeration header of the device shown in Fig. 8 and 9 and the separate views of cooling chamber;

Figure 11 is the rearview of device shown in Figure 8, for the internal part of this device is shown easily, has removed rear wall among the figure;

Figure 12 is also as the view of the cooling chamber roof of the tube sheet of tedge;

Figure 13 is the separate views of the cooling chamber of device shown in Figure 8;

Figure 14 is the side view of cooling chamber, and it shows the position of moisture ligand array;

Figure 15 is the separate views of air plenum and supply fan (air intake fan);

Figure 16 is the separate views of refrigeration header that is used for the cooling water water leg of device shown in Figure 8;

The cross-sectional view of Figure 16 A for dissecing along 16A-16A line among Figure 16;

Figure 16 B is the simplification end-view of header shown in Figure 8, and it shows and is used for producing horizontal siphunculus road (cross-over piping) configuration with interlayer flow pattern (interlayered flow pattern);

The schematic diagram of the simplification of Figure 17 has illustrated the auxiliary heat crosspoint that can move under the situation of the cold water in the cooling water water leg in not needing device of the present invention;

Figure 18 is cable (cable) cross-sectional view that is used to connect auxiliary heat crosspoint shown in Figure 17 and the main cooling package shown in Fig. 8 to 15;

Figure 19 is for being installed in the schematic diagram of other refrigeration header of wet type chamber of the high humility type of air-conditioning system of the present invention together with the relevant refrigerating circuit that is used for header;

Figure 20 has used the rough schematic view of the building of air-conditioning system of the present invention for air flows through;

Figure 21 is the schematic diagram of alternative duct arrangement that is used to make the wet type chamber of air flow apparatus of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

Hereinafter will describe the present invention with reference to two kinds of different preferred embodiments.

Low humidity air-conditioner embodiment

Represent identical or corresponding parts with similar Reference numeral in whole accompanying drawings of institute's reference, totally represent shell-and-tube exchanger with 10, this shell-and-tube exchanger is particularly suitable for the small-power air-conditioning unit as the building that does not seal with being hedged off from the outer world under high temperature, low humidity condition.The floor plan of this building is totally represented with 64 in Fig. 5.

Heat exchanger 10 is restricted in the exterior case 62.In order to illustrate, shown exterior case 62 is rectangular, certainly, and in the scope that other shapes such as arc, sphere or shape such as cylindrical also fall into the present invention to be considered.

What the pipe side that air, the inner air that preferably is cooled near the needs the building ceiling are inhaled into heat exchanger by import (inletport) 12 entered heat exchanger 10 enters pumping chamber 14.Air is inhaled in the import 12 by discharging fan (exhaust fan) 46.Be inhaled into by heat-exchange tube 34 and discharge pumping chamber 18 from entering air that pumping chamber 14 is inhaled into.Tube inlet (inlet) end 36 is installed in the inlet tube sheet 60 hermetically, and the pipe port of export 38 is installed in the pipe exit plate 32 hermetically.Discharging fan 46 enters the pipe side with air from the pipe side of heat exchanger and discharges conduit 22.

The case side of heat exchanger 10 is the form of the housing pumping chamber 16 that surrounds the heat-exchange tube 34 between inlet tube sheet 60 and the outlet tube sheet 32.In order clearly to illustrate, shown heat-exchange tube 34 is straight pipe type, certainly, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that also and can adopt other shapes, for example adopts coiling or snakelike heat-exchange tube.The hydrops (body of liquid) that is preferably water is placed in the case side of heat exchanger 10.The surface of hydrops is by 50 expressions.The volume that liquid occupies usually is less than half of the case side volume of heat exchanger, preferably less than 1/4 of the case side volume of heat exchanger.The collecting tank of depositing liquid is formed on the bottom of housing pumping chamber 16.Can settle at least one, preferred at least two desk fans to enter the housing pumping chamber 16 of heat exchanger 10 from interior of building with the inner air around forcing.In Fig. 1, three such case side suction fans (input fan) are represented with 40 (first suction fans), 42 (second suction fans) and 44 (the 3rd suction fans).These fans operation together make the air of heat exchanger 10 case side basically form turbulent flow.Discharge conduit 20 from the air of housing pumping chamber 16 by case side and discharge heat exchanger 10.

Liquid in the housing pumping chamber 16 in the collecting tank is sprayed on the whole heat-exchange tube 34.A kind of form of sprinkling system has been shown among Fig. 1, and it comprises the pump feed-line 26 that is used for liquid is transported to from the collecting tank on case side liquid pump 24.Pump 24 is arranged liquid to sprinkler head 30 to the liquid energize and by pump main line 28, is sprayed to the whole case side of heat-exchange tube 34 at sprinkler head place liquid.Though this is optional for the operation of system, generally make sprinkler head 30 be located on or near the top of case side pumping chamber.Illustrate for convenience, schematically sprinkler head is shown in that side of case side pumping chamber herein.Liquid flow also falls back in the collecting tank and recycles.Spray liquid has strengthened the heat transfer between heat-exchange tube 34 and the liquid, and has improved the humidity of air in the housing pumping chamber 16 rapidly.Preferably supply with the float control valve of the routine of part (not shown) liquid level is automatically roughly kept constant by being connected to liquid.

Can be by guard member (blanketing members) be set, tubulose foam blanket 48 (Fig. 4) or setting and reticulated polymer foam plate 104 (Fig. 6) that the pine that heat-exchange tube 34 directly contacts is dredged for example are set further strengthen heat transfer between liquid and the heat-exchange tube 34.In addition, can improve the moist degree of air in the housing pumping chamber 16 by adding phase some guard members in specie.Guard member can keep liquid to be close to heat-exchange tube 34, and can increase the surface area of the liquid in the housing pumping chamber 16.Generally speaking, guard member comprises the Web materials of inertia, and liquid and gas liquid is easy to flow through these guard members.A lot of such Web materials are known already, and they comprise, for example, and a lot of natural and artificial open celled foam, felt, cotton-wool, textile materials etc.Traditional commercially available polywater formula cooler pad generally is suitable for use as this guard member.Common this material comprises that bacterium gives birth to situation (bacteria stats), mould situation (fungi stats) etc.If required, these protective materials can surround heat-exchange tube 34 whole or in part.For example, can contrast Fig. 4 and Fig. 6.For clearly diagram,, these guard members are not shown in 2 and 3, but still are provided with some form of preferred employing at Fig. 1.

Can adopt multiple liquid spraying system.Fig. 3 has specifically illustrated a kind of special efficient system.From the liquid in suitable source, for example the liquid from the collecting tank in the housing pumping chamber 16 is supplied to sprinkler head 52 and is assigned to sprinkler head branch road 56 under certain pressure.Liquid enters spray thrower from spraying mouth 54.Preferred sprinkler head 52 often is positioned at the contiguous outlet in upper end tube sheet 32 parts of housing pumping chamber 16, make liquid downwards spray and be subjected to the effect of the air turbulence that the

fan

40,42 and 44 by case side causes on the whole heat-exchange tube 34 and on any relevant covering layer material.

The air of discharging by discharge tube 22 from the pipe side is mixed with the air of discharging by discharge tube 20 from case side.The circulation of air that mixes is crossed mixing discharge tube 58 and is discharged in the internal environment of the building that need be cooled.

Below wish by specifically illustrate the best mode of the first embodiment of the present invention with reference to figure 5 and 6.Have about 30 feet wide and 50 feet long rectangular shapes by Reference numeral 64 represented uncompleted stock barns.In Fig. 5 stock barn 64 along its long axis from east to west by alphabetical N, S, E, W represents.Stock barn 64 has not isolated sharp metal roof, the profile that exposes 2 * 4 pin walls and whitewash.About 10 feet on the pinnacle of ceiling, and about 8 feet high of exterior wall apart from ground.About 13,500 cubic feet of the internal capacity of stock barn 64.The open-air blow-by of external door (not weather sealed), the total unencapsulated area that centers on external door 66,68,70,72 and 74 is about 1 to 2 square feet.Do not have significant pressure reduction between the inside and outside environment of stock barn 64, any psychrometric difference between the inside of stock barn 64 and the surrounding environment can tend to balance rapidly.Corral partition wall 82,84,86 and 88 is half high shape, and corral 80 and 78 extends in 6 inches scopes of ceiling along whole height at interval.Interior door 76 is a full-height safety net lattice door.

The air-conditioning system of in stock barn 64, using by shell-and-tube exchanger 10, dual disposal conduit 58, air chamber 92, air distribute branch road 94 and 96 and air outlet slit head 98 and 100

form.Suction fan

42 and 44 is fed to housing pumping chamber in the heat exchanger 10 with ambient air from the inside of stock barn 64.Usually, air is inhaled in the case side of heat exchanger from the same high ventilation shaft (level well) of the horizontal plane that is lower than 98 and 100 air of discharging.Preferred air is inhaled into the pipe side of heat exchanger from the contiguous not the hottest part of the building of isolated ceiling.The air of discharging from the pipe side of heat exchanger 10 by pipe side discharge tube 22 mixes with the air of discharging from case side by conduit 20, and flows to air chamber 92 through dual disposal conduit 58.Make airflow diversion then and make it to flow through each air and distribute branch road 94 and 96 and flow to corresponding air outlet slit head 98 and 100.Air is inhaled into the pipe side of heat exchanger 10 by air inlet 12.The covering layer material 104 (Fig. 6) that is the foam pad form of traditional polywater formula cooler contacts with pipe 34.The sprinkler head of common structure shown in Figure 3 is positioned at the top of the housing pumping chamber of heat exchanger 10.The preferred water that injects is less than about 1/4 of housing pumping chamber.

The rectangle exterior case of heat exchanger 10 is about 3 feet high * 2 foot * 2 feet, and on the ground of located stock barn 64.The

suction fan

42 and 44 that is installed in the opposite side of casing has 14 inches diameter, and they are with the speed operation of per minute 2200 commentaries on classics and by 12 volts of DC powered.The rated current of these fans is 4 amperes.It is 12 inches, 12 volts direct currents, 4 amperes fan that the pipe side is discharged fan 46 (Fig. 1).These fans are conventional automatic equipments, in the radiator cooling system of the routine that they are generally used for being correlated with, air was taken out the radiator of the internal combustion engine of liquid cools.Liquid pump 24 (Fig. 1) has 12 volts, 7 amperes direct current generator, and its nominal flow rate is per hour 28 gallons.The size that the pipe side enters pumping chamber 14 (Fig. 1) is about 6 inches high * 24 inch * 24 inches.The size that the pipe side is discharged pumping chamber 18 (Fig. 1) is about 6 inches * 24 inches * 24 inches.The size of case side pumping chamber 16 (Fig. 1) is about 24 * 24 * 24 inches.Heat-exchange tube 34 is 3/4 inch cylindrical copper pipe of straight standard, and its length between

tube sheet

32 and 60 is about 24 inches.There are 100 heat-exchange tubes 34 to be spaced with the rectangle pattern that roughly is rule.The total surface area of the pipe 34 in the housing pumping chamber 16 is about 6600 square inches.The same with 22 diameter with conduit 20, the diameter of the inlet port 12 of the pipe side of heat exchanger is about 6 inches.Inlet port 12 upward openings also are positioned at than the isolated metal ceiling of stock barn 64 low 4 inches position approximately, so its suction is the almost the hottest air in stock barn 64 inside.Distribute branch road 94 and 96 as air, the discharge tube 58 of mixing is set up in crown part.The diameter of conduit 58 is about 8 inches, conduit 58 about 14 feet long.Each air distributes about 10 feet long of branch road, and its diameter is 6 inches.Distributor disk 92 is about 2 * 2 * 2 feet.The short-leg that enters the conduit 58 of distributor disk 92 is about 3 feet long.Air outlet slit head 98 and 100 discharges downwards in the height part that is above the ground level about 9 feet.

Pump and fan have the direct current generator of for example being powered by 12 volts of deep circulation plumbic acid secondary cells of five routines that are connected in parallel, and totally represent with 106.The charging circuit of the routine that battery is represented by overall usefulness 108 is connected to 30 volts, 4 ampere-hour solar panels of three routines of overall usefulness 110,112 and 114 expressions.These solar panels can be installed in the position of south dip on the ceiling of stock barn 64.The air-conditioning system that is used for round-the-clock running does not need other power sources.If necessary, the AC converter of available routine comes the out-of-work battery charge of 110 volts of electric currents of family expenses to regulation, or uses some other the power supply from the commercial service facility.Certainly, this is optional, can only use in the area that have the commercial service facility but also can increase operating cost while restriction system.Similarly, the motor of the also available routine by commercial service facility power running of the motor on fan and the pump replaces, and operating cost also will increase certainly, and the flexibility of system is affected.

The water level of trough inner water of catchmenting preferably keeps about 5 inches.There is about 1.67 cubic feet water at this water level water leg.The case side pumping chamber has about 8 cubic feet volume, thus water account for case side pumping chamber 16 volume 21%.This can provide enough water reserves so that move continuously more than one day.If necessary, can utilize scope for example approximately from the other water leg volume of 10% to 30% volume of case side pumping chamber 16.Water leg needn't be in the case side pumping chamber.If necessary, can use outside water leg, cause need not to replenish the unserviced operation that at least one week is provided under the situation about supplying water greater than several times of case side pumping chambers.In normal summer, whole daytime consumption is less than 1 gallon water.

Stock barn 64 is positioned at the desert region, and time-temperature surpasses 100 degrees Fahrenheits usually daytime in the time at the some months in those local summers, and relative humidity often is lower than 20%, and all there is solar radiation most of times by day.If there is not air-conditioning system, the temperature at noon in the stock barn 64 often surpasses external temperature at least about 10 degrees Fahrenheits.

The thermostat (not shown) of the routine that can link to each other with the blowback road by setting and fan moves the air-conditioning systems in the stock barn 64 automatically.Thermostat can be set in for example 74 degrees Fahrenheits, system can start in the early morning in normal summer like this, and ran to the time at night always.

According to the present invention.Preferred air-condition assembly is fully self-contained.That is to say, to the remainder of the power supply of the motor of fan and pump and system at same position.If necessary, the water supply of the case side of heat exchanger can replenish automatically or manually replenish by the float control valve on the water route.And in the place that can not obtain water reliably, the wear rate of water is very slow, causes in fact and can just use manual supplementing water after very long blanking time.

The demand of electric energy is very little, causes low pressure (12 or 24 volts) battery system that the charging circuit that drives with conventional solar panel is coupled time drive system effectively in the daytime.Use the convenience of conventional solar panel charging battery system and the wide usability of this low cost system to make that need not carry out air conditioning in very many buildings becomes a reality with keeping an eye on.For example, also can carry out reliable and cheap air conditioning according to the present invention even in the domestic animal stock barn.Equally, even also can carry out air conditioning under very limited and house poor sealing of this purpose input and the isolated situation to the house of human living in obtainable being used for.And, can utilize wind turbine that battery system is charged in the area that can obtain wind-force reliably.If necessary, also can use other alternative energy.The combination of the alternative energy of solar panel, wind turbine and other types is applicable to battery system charges.Since the alternative energy usually can not delivered constant the energy, and the motor that uses in the system requires the substantially invariable energy, preferably battery is placed between the energy and the air-conditioning system.And when the alternative energy can delivered constant the energy time, can randomly use battery system.

Usually, sun-drenched morning in summer about 6:30 just can start be in the air-conditioning system of the present invention in the stock barn 64 and make its operation a whole day.Near the inboard temperature of measurement stock barn 64 position 102 (Fig. 5) that is approximately higher than 4 feet on ground, and near the position 116 in the frescade below the sunshade of the unlatching in the south of contiguous stock barn 64 the measurement external temperature.Position 116 be in be above the ground level about 5 feet in the position that is used to support in the 20 feet wide support of sunshade (not shown).Wooden sunshade and stock barn connect and stretch out about 20 feet from the wall top of stock barn 64.Three sides of wooden sunshade are unlimited fully.Temperature when the temperature at 116 places is not used air-conditioning system near stock barn 64 inboards.The temperature that observes is shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Time	Inboard temperature () at 102 places	External temperature () at 116 places
Time	Inboard temperature () at 102 places	External temperature () at 116 places	6:30	78	Record not
7:30	72	Record not	6:30	78	Record not
7:30	72	Record not	8:30	71	Record not
9:30	72	98	8:30	71	Record not
9:30	72	98	10:30	72	99
11:30	73	105	10:30	72	99
11:30	73	105	12:30	75	104
1:30	75	100	12:30	75	104
1:30	75	100	2:30	77	98
3:30	76	98	2:30	77	98

Can observe, when humidity minimum and temperature outside when 100 degrees Fahrenheits are above, the temperature difference maximum between inside and the outside.

On daytime in summer, sky is mainly covered by cloud and relative humidity is higher than at about 35% o'clock, observes following situation:

Table 2

Time	Temperature outside () at 116 places	Internal temperature () at 102 places
Time	Temperature outside () at 116 places	Internal temperature () at 102 places	6:30	83	Record not
9:30	85	75	6:30	83	Record not
9:30	85	75	10:30	90	74
11:30	90	82	10:30	90	74
11:30	90	82	12:30	92	80
1:30	92	80	12:30	92	80
1:30	92	80	2:30	90	79
3:30	91	76	2:30	90	79

Begin at 9 in the morning approximately measuring in the stock barn 64 and around the relative humidity of a plurality of positions of stock barn 64 from sun-drenched daytime in summer.

Table 3 has write down the reading of the position of being represented by the Reference numeral of listing among Fig. 5.

Table 3

Measuring position as shown in Figure 5

Time	98	100	78	116	44	42
Time	98	100	78	116	44	42	9:00	30％	30％	31％	19％	31％	31％
10:00	30％	30％	31％	18％	32％	32％	9:00	30％	30％	31％	19％	31％	31％
10:00	30％	30％	31％	18％	32％	32％	11:00	34％	34％	32％	18％	31％	30％
12:00	35％	34％	34％	19％	30％	30％	11:00	34％	34％	32％	18％	31％	30％
12:00	35％	34％	34％	19％	30％	30％	1:00	37％	36％	35％	18％	32％	32％
2:00	34％	34％	35％	17％	31％	31％	1:00	37％	36％	35％	18％	32％	32％
2:00	34％	34％	35％	17％	31％	31％	3:00	34％	34％	35％	16％	32％	32％
4:00	34％	34％	35％	16％	32％	32％	3:00	34％	34％	35％	16％	32％	32％

The relative humidity whole day kept stable of the inside of whole building and constant.

From at 9 in about morning, (T/H) measured to temperature and relative humidity near a plurality of positions stock barn 64 inside and stock barn 64 in sun-drenched whole day.Obtaining these readings by the represented position of the Reference numeral among Fig. 5 and it is being recorded in the table 4.About 5 feet position is measured position 118 and 120 being above the ground level.Position 118 has provided the radiation effect from exterior wall.Position 124 is to be positioned at the position that stock barn 64 north are approximately higher than 5 feet on ground.These measured values are as follows:

Table 4

Measuring position as shown in Figure 5

Time	116 T/H	120 T/H	98 T/H	100 T/H	118 T	122 T	124 T
Time	116 T/H	120 T/H	98 T/H	100 T/H	118 T	122 T	124 T	9:00	78/19	70/30	72.1/30	70.8/30	69.6	64.1	85.5
10:00	82/18	73/30	75.1/30	76.4/30	72.1	65	85.7	9:00	78/19	70/30	72.1/30	70.8/30	69.6	64.1	85.5

11:00	90/18	75/27	77.9/34	79.3/34	75.2	65.2	90.5
11:00	90/18	75/27	77.9/34	79.3/34	75.2	65.2	90.5	12:00	94/19	79.9/37	74.4/35	74.2/34	78.7	65.4	94.3
1:00	100/18	82.1/40	76.3/37	76.1/36	80.9	67.5	98.1	12:00	94/19	79.9/37	74.4/35	74.2/34	78.7	65.4	94.3
1:00	100/18	82.1/40	76.3/37	76.1/36	80.9	67.5	98.1	2:00	106/17	83.5/37	77.8/34	77.9/34	83.9	69.8	100.1
3:00	116/16	83.1/37	79.2/34	79.4/34	87	71.9	107	2:00	106/17	83.5/37	77.8/34	77.9/34	83.9	69.8	100.1
3:00	116/16	83.1/37	79.2/34	79.4/34	87	71.9	107	4:00	118/16	85.7/34	80.6/34	80.6/34	89.7	71.4	108
5:00	118/17	86/32	81.2/na	81.2/na	93	71.8	107.3	4:00	118/16	85.7/34	80.6/34	80.6/34	89.7	71.4	108
5:00	118/17	86/32	81.2/na	81.2/na	93	71.8	107.3	6:00	112/13	87/32	84.3/na	84.3/na	94.7	72.4	108

As table 4 presented be humidity bigger condition following daytime slightly cloud since the measured value of the morning 10 temperature that record repeatedly and relative humidity.System is started by the thermostat that is set in 74 degrees Fahrenheits of routine.The results are shown in Table 5 for these.

Table 5

Measuring position as shown in Figure 5

Time	116 T/H	120 T/H	98 T/H	100 T/H	118 T	122 T	124 T	Voltage
Time	116 T/H	120 T/H	98 T/H	100 T/H	118 T	122 T	124 T	Voltage	10:00	86/33	78.5/44	73.6/31	73.6/31	69.2	81	12
11:00	92/27	79/49	75.7/32	75.7/32	74	68.4	88	11.6	10:00	86/33	78.5/44	73.6/31	73.6/31	69.2	81	12
11:00	92/27	79/49	75.7/32	75.7/32	74	68.4	88	11.6	12:00	92/23	79.5/47	76.7/31	77.1/31	75	69.3	89	11.4
1:00	95/23	80.1/47	77.4/31	77.5/31	79	71.2	97	11	12:00	92/23	79.5/47	76.7/31	77.1/31	75	69.3	89	11.4
1:00	95/23	80.1/47	77.4/31	77.5/31	79	71.2	97	11	2:00	97/20	80.2/45	79.6/33	79.9/32	79	74	98	9.4
3:00	98.3/20	83.0/30 ^**	81.6/34	81.7/34	80	73.8	98	9.7	2:00	97/20	80.2/45	79.6/33	79.9/32	79	74	98	9.4
3:00	98.3/20	83.0/30 ^**	81.6/34	81.7/34	80	73.8	98	9.7	4:00	106/20	84.1/41	81.6/34	81.9/34	92	74.5	99	9.6
5:00	110/22	84.1/42	82.1/34	82.2/31	94	74.2	101	9.1	4:00	106/20	84.1/41	81.6/34	81.9/34	92	74.5	99	9.6
5:00	110/22	84.1/42	82.1/34	82.2/31	94	74.2	101	9.1	6:00	110/25	85/43	82.8/35	82.8/35	94	74.4	101	10.3 ^*
7:00	102/33	85/47	81.2/35	81.7/35	91	74.2	100	10.0	6:00	110/25	85/43	82.8/35	82.8/35	94	74.4	101	10.3 ^*
7:00	102/33	85/47	81.2/35	81.7/35	91	74.2	100	10.0	8:00	96/42	83.1/47	80.1/35	79.2/35	90	73.6	96	11.1
9:00	84/42	80.1/47	76.3/36	77.1/36	89	72.5	81	12	8:00	96/42	83.1/47	80.1/35	79.2/35	90	73.6	96	11.1

10:00	77/44	78.1/47	74.1/34	74.7/34	87	71.1	77	12.5
10:00	77/44	78.1/47	74.1/34	74.7/34	87	71.1	77	12.5	11:00	75/44	76.1/47	74.0/34	74.1/34	83	69.4	74	12.5
12:00	75/44	73.1/46	73.4/32	73.4/32	79	67.1	74	12.5	11:00	75/44	76.1/47	74.0/34	74.1/34	83	69.4	74	12.5

^*Be connected on the battery system of 12 volts of nominals at 110 volts of battery chargers of making an appointment with the 6 pm routine.The efficient of solar cell charging system owing to daytime sky cover cloud once in a while and reduce.

^*Provided the reading that is write down and think the relative humidity of the reading that 116,98 and 100 places write down in the position simultaneously herein, can think that it has reflected the error of operator or instrument, and not think reliably.This does not reflect in relative humidity curve 120-5 shown in Figure 7.

Curve shown in Figure 7 is recorded in data in table 4 and 5 based on position shown in Figure 5 116 and 120 places.For example, data in position " 116T/H " at first row draw according to coming in the table 4 for relative humidity among Fig. 7 and temperature curve 116-4, and data in position " 116T/H " row at first draw and curve 116-5 is according to coming in the table 5.Which the information of the numeral curve of dash back taken from and opened table.

The temperature curve 120-5 of several relative humidity readings and the temperature difference between the 116-5 compared show, the air-conditioning system of first embodiment of the invention externally temperature be higher than about 90 degrees Fahrenheits and the relative humidity reading be lower than about 40%, preferably be lower than 35% o'clock the most effective.Externally the relative humidity condition is lower than at about 20% o'clock, and the temperature difference can reach about 30 degrees Fahrenheits.For example, as can be seen, the difference among Fig. 7 between temperature curve 116-4 and 120-4 and the relative humidity curve 116-4.When the temperature in the frescade of opening wide almost reached 120 degrees Fahrenheits, the temperature in the stock barn 64 can not be higher than 87 degrees Fahrenheits.The temperature of 120 degree may threaten to life, and the temperature of 87 degree can not threaten to life usually.When relative humidity is lower than about system most effective 25% time.For example, in case it is about 35% to see that relative humidity surpasses, temperature curve 120-5 and 116-5 assemble rapidly and are in fact to be the situation of intersection at 45% o'clock in relative humidity.

Last row reflect the decline situation at the voltage of peak hour section battery system in the table 5.Voltage descends and reflects that some fans can reduce the air capacity of blows air over system.Though the applicant does not wish to be bound by any theory, still demonstrate and have the little temperature rise (the temperature curve 120-5 among Fig. 7) that is associated with the air capacity minimizing of the system of blowing at 2 between about in the afternoon and 6 pm.Native system is more insensitive for the little variation of the air capacity that flows through system.The voltage that is preferred for the fan electromotor optimum operation is at least about 11 volts.Already present three cell panels that other one or two solar panels are added on the ceiling that is arranged in stock barn 64 can provide enough capacity, to keep this voltage in the peak hour section.

Come the tabulation of " 122T " of position at first in the table 5 and show the external temperature of the case side of heat exchanger.Water temperature in case side is generally than cold approximately 10 to 15 degrees Fahrenheits of the temperature at 122 places, position.This provides the chance of cooling for being placed with the object that carries out heat exchange with these water.If be provided with the path that enters into case side, can be under the situation of not obvious consumption additional-energy the cool small object.On a small quantity can be heat exchanger relationship with water and be extended by it is placed to the storage term of validity of heat sensitive food or medicine.The container that is fit to directly can be placed in the water of case side, or can be implemented in the case side by approaching cabinet, or utilize and flow through the circulating water flows such as cooling coil that for example are external to case side and realize cooling object from the outside.

Coming at first in the table 5, the row of " 118T " of position have provided the general heat that is radiated interior of building by exterior wall.Come the row of " 124T " of position at first general situation according to the effect of the inside of the external temperature cooling stock barn 64 of wall is provided.Very clear, the isolated wall by stock barn 64 can pass out significant heat.Position 116 should be enough far away from contiguous wall, make if because of the cooling of stock barn 64 inside to the influential words of the temperature that demonstrates, this influence is very little.It is quite even that

row

120,98 and 100 are compared the internal temperature that whole stock barn 64 is shown.

Have found that, make the heat insulation efficient of system that makes of the casing that surrounds heat exchanger improve 10% or higher.Heat insulation owing to existing, the temperature of case side ponding (body of water) is tending towards reducing.When ambient air temperature was about 80 degrees Fahrenheits, heat insulation degree preferably made the external temperature (table 5, row 122T) of case side of heat exchanger than temperature height at least 3 degree of same not isolated metal exterior shell side, preferred high 5 degrees Fahrenheits.Metal chassis (18 measuring instrument steel) being changed over the glass fibre casing (glass fibre is strengthened by thermosetting resin) with about 1/8 inch thickness can make temperature reduce about 5 degree under Inside Air Temperature around about 80 degrees Fahrenheits.The efficient of air-conditioning system also is enhanced.Such as will be understood by the skilled person in the art, the multiple heat insulation mode and methods for using them that is applicable to this purpose can be arranged.

Water consumption speed in the air-conditioning system of the present invention is very low.For example, in service with reference to figure 5 described embodiment, the no more than the same terms of the wear rate of water down traditional devaporizer (being commonly called polywater formula cooler) of operation water consumption speed 5%.Even building or other confined spaces are isolated and this unsealing can freely be revealed under the situation of a large amount of air and also can obtain low water consumption speed like this.Usually, for cooling system, the traditional direct evaporative cooler that moves under the essentially identical external condition of water consumption speed ratio of heat exchanger of the present invention (single air stream cools off and humidification through moistening environment and by evaporation of water in traditional devaporizer) is approximately little by 10%, and preferably approximately little 5%.For comparison purposes, the described essentially identical external condition identical building or other the confined spaces that comprise the external condition of relevant temperature and relative humidity and have for example identical volume, shape and isolation performance.For comparatively speaking, the difference of the comparative result of the operation result of the operation result of cooling system of the present invention and traditional devaporizer results from the difference of cooling system, rather than from the external environment condition of cooler or the feature in building or other confined spaces.In order to compare, all variablees keep constant substantially except that the inherent variable of these two kinds of cooling systems.That is, all external variables keep constant substantially.In the usually pleasant water consumption that can realize this low rate in about 30% to 40% the humidification efficient (temperature difference of traversing the dry bulb of heat exchanger is divided by by the temperature difference of the possible dry bulb of the maximum of being determined by psychrometric chart).

According to the first embodiment of the present invention, be lower than the relative humidity that the conventional evaporative coolers expection obtains substantially through the relative humidity of the interior of building of air conditioning.For example, comparison sheet 4 and 5 row " 116T/H " and the data in " 120T/H " demonstrate, the relative humidity that ambient temperature surpasses 95 degrees Fahrenheits and external environment condition approximately drops to and is lower than at about 25% o'clock, and the relative humidity in the building is the twice (200%) of the relative humidity of external environment condition approximately only.Be lower than about 20% and temperature when surpassing about 100 degrees Fahrenheits when outside relative humidity drops to, internal relative humidity is usually approximately greater than the twice of the relative humidity of ambient, external environment, but still less than 2.3 times (230%) of the relative humidity of ambient, external environment.Although external temperature is about 110 to 120 degrees Fahrenheits, when keeping interior ambient temperature to be lower than about 85 degrees Fahrenheits, can obtain this about 50% the low internal relative humidity that is lower than.According to the present invention, can obtain to be lower than 60% internal relative humidity usually, and internal relative humidity usually surpasses 60% approximately when moving under the same conditions with traditional devaporizer.This can make growing minimum and can improving the comfortableness of the occupant in building or other the confined spaces of mould etc.Under these low relative humidities, temperature is lower than about 85 degrees Fahrenheits generally can make most of people feel comfortably cool.As those skilled in the art can recognize, in unencapsulated, not isolated building, obtain these conditions, and under the situation of low-down water consumption speed, only use surrounding environment energy harvesting system (energy harvesting system), for example, aforesaid solar energy or wind energy harvesting system can provide high satisfaction, aspect a lot of very economical air-conditioning system favourable and that be used for a lot of purposes.

The embodiment of variable humidity of the present invention

With reference now to Fig. 8 to 21, describe the embodiment can be used for the variable humidity of the present invention under high temperature, the low-humidity environment as previously described, this embodiment also can be used to comprise the high humidity environment of the torrid zone or subtropical environment certainly.

With reference to figure 8, the figure shows with have utilization through the water of the cooling water leg of refrigeration directly/air-conditioning system 201 that indirect evaporation cooler combines.Have some common performances at the device 201 of the variable humidity shown in Fig. 8 referring to figs. 1 to 7 described low humidity devices.Preferably air-conditioner 201 is designed to have top section 203, the stacked structure of mid portion 205 and base section 207.The top section 203 that refrigeration compressor 209, associated condenser unit 210 and battery 211 (Fig. 9) occupy this project organization also is located on the top shelf 213.Top shelf 213 forms the roof of the discharge plenum 215 with relative wall 216.Forced ventilation evaporative cooling chamber 217 (Fig. 9) is positioned at the discharge plenum below and occupies the mid portion of this project organization.Cooling chamber comprises about 65% of housing pumping chamber that is used for air-conditioner and the unit total height that comprises specific embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings.Cooling water water leg 219 (dotting in Fig. 9) is positioned at the bottom of cooling chamber.The bottom 223 of cooling chamber 217 also comprises and accommodates the roof that enters pumping chamber 221 that enters fan 225.Enter fan 225 upwards suction air make it through and enter the many tedges 227 that pumping chamber 221 and discharge pumping chamber 215 link to each other and pass cooling chamber 217.

As shown in figure 12, the bottom 223 of cooling chamber has a plurality of openings 224 of the lower tube sheet that forms tedge 227.Similarly, relative wall 216 has the opening 214 (Figure 10 and 13) of the aligning that forms upper tube sheet.In this embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 8 to 15, the copper pipe that has 49 diameters to be about the 1/4-3/8 inch approximately is vertically arranged in the cooling chamber between the tube sheet.The operating period of the size of tube bank and the effect that has been arranged in thermostat produces the back pressure effect.

Now the ruuning situation of variable humidity embodiment of the present invention will be described simply.It is indoor to be transported to evaporative cooling from the cold water (Fig. 9) of cooling water water leg 219 by distribution header 229.Distribution header shown in Figure 9 is a series of pvc pipe roads with perforation of downward guiding.The cold water that sprays downwards from distribution header soak into be in the cooling chamber 217 around or the evaporative mediums that contact with tedge 227.For the ease of illustrating, in Fig. 9 and 11, taken out evaporative medium, it can comprise any dielectric material described in the first embodiment of the invention of front certainly.The rectangular pad that the evaporative medium that preferably provides hangs for the frame at top from cooling chamber commonly used, therefore pad makes and separates between the many vertical tedges 227 and make them separately.

Be transported in the cooling chamber by means of fan 231,233 air of settling relatively.Fan 231,233 be installed on the louver(-vre) (shown in Figure 9 235,237), but this louver(-vre) of manual adjustments, air is directly imported in cooling chamber 217, to produce vortex type flow channel turbulent flow, circulation and enter cooling chamber 217, and discharge from this cooling chamber.The air that the vortex effect that is produced by side direction louver(-vre) 235,237 causes flowing through cooling chamber 217 has increased the holdup time in cooling chamber.This can improve cooling effect, prevents that also water droplet directly is blown the housing pumping chamber simultaneously.Can maybe can be introduced to the desired region of the inside of the building that need be cooled by the inside that suitable grid (for example grid among Fig. 8 239) is discharged into the building that need be cooled by suitable pipeline from the cooled air of cooling chamber.

Air is also entered fan 225 and is extracted into and enters in the pumping chamber 221, and air-flow is forced to upwards flow through the tedge 227 that is arranged in cooling chamber.Tedge passes the cooling water water leg and contacts with evaporative medium in the cooling chamber, thereby the outside of pipe is cooled.Air in pipe 227 is cooled by the heat conduction of pipe.If necessary, the inside of the building that can will relatively dry air guide need cool off by suitable pipeline and can mixing with air through cooling from cooling chamber.

In back one embodiment of the present invention, utilize two synchronizing processes that air is cooled off.Air by with evaporative cooling chamber 217 in water directly contact and be cooled, improve the absolute humidity of cooled air by this way.Also can make other air cooling by the heat transfer in the tedge 227.Because in the inboard condensation of tedge, the absolute humidity of the air that these are other or constant or only slightly change perhaps reduces a little.If necessary, as first embodiment of the invention is described, two strands of air-flows can be mixed in the single discharge tube, make the relatively wet air of the air origin self-evaporation process that gives off and have and form near the AIR MIXTURES of ambient humidity, light and temperature.

Cooling water water leg (totally representing with 219 among Fig. 9) in the cooling chamber bottom plays cooling body, simultaneously also as water leg.Water in the water leg by means of use on the similar ice machine and can be by AC or DC power drives, preferably freeze near frozen state by the commercially available cryogenic compressor of 12 volts of DC power drives.In this embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 11, compressor 209 is by battery-operated.But, be positioned at the relevant converter 243 (shown in Figure 11) of discharging zone, pumping chamber 215 in this case and can make the unit out of service under the AC electric current, for example, be battery charge in the off-peak hours section of moving.Because running temperature reduces, and can prolong the life-span that is placed on the converter in the discharge pumping chamber part that is cooled.Electric fan that uses in entering the pumping chamber and the electric fan that uses on cooling chamber preferably also are can be by solar cell or battery-driven 12 volts of DC fans.

Figure 10,11 and 16,16A shows the refrigeration header 245 that concrete mechanical refrigeration technology preferred, that utilize routine is cooled off by compressor 209 and relevant condenser 210 with 16B.Use with compressor 209 with when cooling off the water in the water leg 219 at conventional header or coil arrangement with varying number, this preferred header 245 is effective especially for the application of expection.As most clearly seeing in the separate views of Figure 16, header 245 is " two shock waves (double the shock) " headers with anterior layer 247 and back layer 249.Preceding and back layer or coil pipe are separated by a plurality of cylindrical separators 251.The width of cylindrical separator 251 is less than the overall width of header, and reserves distance ' ' d ' ' between adjacent separator.Cylindrical separator be hollow and both ends open, make in the water leg 219 water around and flow through separator.As shown in figure 11, when header 245 was placed on the water leg zone of cooling chamber, it is horizontal that described header roughly is.

As totally illustrating with 253 and 255 among Figure 16, cold-producing medium is supplied to the header layer by a pair of " discrete parts (splits) " or returns from the header layer.Shown in Figure 16 B, the top layer of coil pipe constitutes loop 252,254,256,258,260,262,264, and 266.(illustrate for convenience, shown loop has disconnected half).The back layer of coil pipe constitutes loop 268,270,272,274,276,278,280 and 282.Half loop 252-266 forms continuous coil pipe in the front portion of header.Half loop 268-282 forms continuous coil pipe at the rear portion of header similarly.The front-end and back-end loop withdraws from or the point that stops (overall among Figure 16 B) with 266,268 expressions by 284,286 connections of horizontal siphunculus road.Horizontal siphunculus road 284,286 and half loop (252,282 among Figure 16 B) intersect, and form " discrete parts " 253,255.Arrangement of horizontal siphunculus road and discrete parts 253 and 255 cause " flowing in the intermediate layer " type by header.For example, cold-producing medium is flowed through through discrete parts 253, and branch road 253B (Figure 16) arrives anterior layer 247 and process branch road 253A arrives back layer 249.Cold-producing medium from anterior layer and back layer 247,249 converges at discrete parts 255.Two torrent headers and discrete mobile operation thereof make the cooling capacity of compressor 209 almost double.

As mentioned above, following description is derived from the actual trial run of the device shown in Fig. 8-16B.Do not wanting to make under the situation of any restriction, following result of the test wishes to illustrate the performance of particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention.The casing of device or cover part are made of stainless steel.Two 12 volts of fans that are installed in the opposite side of unit are used for the outdoor environment air is drawn in the main wet type chamber, are called as " the wet side " of unit here.Copper pipe extends through the wet type chamber and forces air through the pipe on " doing side " of being called as the unit with 12 volts of fans of separate unit.The air that is fed to dried side is through stretching into the pipeline in the space that need carry out air conditioning.Two strands of air-flows (doing side and wet side) are in the unit inside mixing and be introduced to single outlet.One is formed in the mechanical refrigeration unit of the one of the water in this unit and the water leg that is used to cool off the wet type chamber.Be used for 12 volts DC batteries of unit operation and converter makes the unit can utilize 120 volts AC electric currents to move and be battery charge.

Description to the test unit installation

Test unit is set at Banning, the Auto repair shop outside that the quilt of California fences up.The air of feed unit secondary side (wet side) is taken from outdoor atmosphere.Repair shop is about 30 ' * 35 ' and have about a 14 ' high ceiling.The air of the exit flow that mixes and the primary side of feed unit (doing side) is sent in the repair shop space that impales by pipeline through moving into one's husband's household upon marriage.Two pipeline all about 10 ' long, straight shapes are not turned round.The pipeline that is used for the mixing air outlet of unit is 10.25 " I.D. (inside diameter), the pipeline that is used for primary side (doing side) is 7.0 " I.D.

A door of repair shop is opened left, so that air effusion repair shop, and be used for eliminating any back pressure of in the repair shop space, accumulating.For two tests of beginning, the unit is positioned in only several inches position of range gate.For the 3rd test, it is about 10 ' that the unit is moved backwards from door, enters in the space that impales but two pipelines still extend through door.For three all tests, the unit is in the frescade.

Test data and result

Test #1, for this test, the unit is not access in AC power supplies but relies on battery operation.

Outdoor environment [also being secondary (wetting) inlet] 79.8 , 19%RH, 480cfm (Ft ³/ Min)

Once (do) entry condition 68.7 , 28%RH, 10cfm

Mixing air exports 63.3 , 42%RH, 490cfm

Airflow volume ratio 2% once (is done) and 98% secondary (wetting)

Traverse the temperature of the dry bulb of unit and fall 16.3  (79.6-63.3)

(using once weighted average) with the auxiliary air inlet air flow

The highest dry-bulb temperature 23.5  (79.6-56.1) of the theory that draws from psychrometric chart

The humidification efficient 69% that calculates (16.3 ÷ 23.5 * 100)

Water leg water temperature 43 

Test #2, for this test, the unit is access in AC power supplies and relies on the converter operation.

Outdoor environment [also being secondary (wetting) inlet] 79.7 , 17%RH, 532cfm (Ft ³/ Min)

Once (do) entry condition 68.0 , 30%RH, 10cfm

Mixing air exports 63.3 , 31%RH, 542cfm

Airflow volume ratio 2% once (is done) and 98% secondary (wetting)

Traverse the temperature of the dry bulb of unit and fall 15.9  (79.5-63.6)

(using once weighted average) with the auxiliary air inlet air flow

The highest dry-bulb temperature 24.1  (79.5-55.4) of the theory that draws from psychrometric chart

The humidification efficient 66% that calculates (15.9 ÷ 24.1 * 100)

Water leg water temperature 45 

Test #3, except that the unit is moved 10 ' from door, other are identical with above-mentioned test #2

Outdoor environment [also being secondary (wetting) inlet] 79.5 , 18%RH, 532cfm (Ft ³/ Min)

Once (do) entry condition 68.0 , 30%RH, 10cfm

Mixing air exports 66.0 , 32%RH, 542cfm

Airflow volume ratio 2% once (is done) and 98% secondary (wetting)

Traverse the temperature of the dry bulb of unit and fall 13.3  (79.3-66.0)

(using once weighted average) with the auxiliary air inlet air flow

The highest dry-bulb temperature 23.8  (79.5-55.4) of the theory that draws from psychrometric chart

The humidification efficient 56% that calculates (13.3 ÷ 23.8 * 100)

Water leg water temperature 46 

Annotate: for all three tests, the humidification efficient that calculates is based on the relative humidity % and the mixing output condition of weighted average, primary side and the secondary side air intake air-flow of cfm dry-bulb temperature.

Above-mentioned result of the test shows the humidification effect and can obtain under the drying that finds as Southern California, dry climate condition.Certainly, under the low slightly weather conditions of degree of drought, it is desirable to usually draw moisture from system.Figure 19 shows other can be installed in (217 among Figure 19) in the wet type chamber, at the refrigeration header (evaporimeter) 260 of exhaust outlet 262 front portions of wet type chamber.Refrigeration header 260 in addition can be by existing water and the mechanical refrigeration system the supply system cryogen that described in front that is used to cool off the water leg in the wet type chamber.

Figure 19 is a rough schematic view, and it illustrates the existing compressor 264 and the condenser 266 of the supply system cryogen between the high-pressure side 268 that is used for the two torrent headers 245 in the water leg zone that is placed on wet type chamber 217 and the low-pressure side 270.Conventional drier 272 and expansion gear 274 are set on the passage of circulating refrigerant in a usual manner.Expansion gear 274 can be the expansion valve of the known general type of industry, or can be the conversion from the HCS to the low-pressure steam that another kind can provide the coil pipe that traverses two torrent headers 245 expansion gear with traditional type that cooling effect is provided.

In order to hold other refrigeration header 260, compressor 264 is installed into and has high-pressure side pipeline 276 and make cold-producing medium supply to the low-pressure side pipeline 278 of the evaporation coil 282 of this other header through expansion gear 280.Commercially available flow control valve 284 control cold-producing mediums turn back to compressor 264 respectively from both low-

pressure sides

270 and 278 of two torrent headers 245 and other refrigeration header 260.

Refrigerating circuit comprises that also control supplies to the high-pressure side 268 of header and 12 volts of dropping valves 288,291 of 276 cold-producing medium respectively.Dropping valve 288,291 is wired in the circuit identical with the fan 231,233 of wet type chamber 217 sides, just cold-producing medium is supplied with described other header when causing fan 231,233 operations.Compressor 264 is equipped with the thermostat of himself, remains on 35 degrees Fahrenheits or is approximately 35 degrees Fahrenheits with the water 219 with water leg.Blow and for example be cooled to about 45 degrees Fahrenheits by cold-producing medium being recycled to other header 260, making the air of blowing over other header by fan, this moisture that can cause moisture and fall into the water leg zone 219 of wet type chamber 217 is condensed.Under certain conditions, the condensate that produces has like this been removed the demand to the water leg zone of device supplementing water from.The moisture of condensation can play the air dewetting that gives off for self-wetted chamber 217 in this manner.

Figure 20 shows the air-conditioning unit 301 that is installed in the building that need be cooled of the present invention.Unit 301 has the inlet of fan on the wet type chamber 305 is connected so that aspirate the outside pipeline 303 of extraneous air with outdoor environment.The fan that is oppositely arranged inlet 307 communicates with the pipeline 309 of a part that is used for indoor air return system.Linked the coolant vent 313 in room by pipeline from the exhaust outlet 311 of wet type chamber and hothouse (or only from wet type chamber).Because the unit has been equipped other refrigeration header 260 and come condensation to be blown over the moisture of wet type chamber 217, can filter out the pollutant in the condensate,, condensate is recycled in system so that discharge condensate at 315 places.One or more also can be set in the room be in automatic ventilation mouth 317,319 on the crown, if door is closed the room, these ventilating openings are opened, if all doors are opened the room, these ventilating openings are closed.Then, ventilating opening with in the room a certain amount of be static air row basically to or " as have the hiccups (burp) " back loft.Loft is equipped with conventional exhaust component 321, hot-air is discharged into the outside of building.Utilize this mode, even without the pipeline 303 that leads to the building outside, system also can move, and some still airs are discharged building.This situation just in time with almost be the evaporation element commonly used of 100% still air or opposite with the air-conditioning system of the routine of capable of circulation 1% still air only.

Figure 21 shows and is used to control the intake air that enters the unit so that further regulate the additional member of outlet temperature/humidity.In this configuration, the fan of wet type chamber inlet 305 is provided with the pipeline 323 that communicates with the floor chamber of installing (entering the pumping chamber) 221.But start-up temperature is the door or the flashboard valve mechanism of operation automatically with regulating, with from floor chamber 221 suction airs.If 221 suction airs from the chamber, second or flashboard valve 327 cuts off the air that is sucked through piping 303 from the outside so.For example, if external air temperature is 110 degrees Fahrenheits, may it is desirable to shut off valve 327 and only be pumped in for example room air of 80 degrees Fahrenheits.

As top mention briefly, the water in the water leg of the cooling chamber of the device zone 219 are usually at least than low about 10 to 15 degrees Fahrenheits of surrounding environment.This provides chance for being placed with the cooling that is those objects of heat exchange relationship with described water.For example can make some small-sized objects coolings under the situation of additional-energy not needing obviously to consume.Proper container directly can be placed in the water of case side, or can be implemented in the case side, or make current for example pass through the cooling coil outer loop to case side etc. from the cabinet of outer side contacts.As shown in Figure 4, can one or more pairs of auxiliary cooling jacks 257,259 that can clog or cover be set in the water leg zone of the water of cooling chamber when not using.These auxiliary jacks comprise the ingress and egress point of the water in the water leg zone that is used for cooling device.Water through cooling is easy to be pumped in the other device in the building that needs are cooled, for example, is pumped in another heat exchanger, strengthens cooling effect.

Figure 17 shows a kind of so auxiliary refrigerating plant 261.Illustrated this concrete device about 15 " wide and 24 " height, therefore it can be placed on easily between the wall bone of wall of residential building.Be inhaled into the import of fluid pump 265 through piping 263 from the water of the water leg 219 of air-conditioner 201.Pump 265 is discharged to coil pipe 269 by pipeline 267 with chilled water.The 12 volts of DC fans 271 that are positioned at 12 * 12 inches coil pipe back are forced air to skim over coil pipe and are used to cold air is discharged to the building that needs cooling from the unit.Fan can be the same with the cooling chamber fan 231 and 233 on being used for main air-conditioner unit.Backwater is drawn back in the pump 265 and by this pump by pipeline 273 is circulated back to the water leg 219 of master unit by outlet conduit 275, so that cooled off by the mechanical refrigeration system of master unit again.Catch tray 274 also can be set collect any condensate.In an embodiment of the present invention, entrance and exit waterpipe 263,275 can be encapsulated in " cable " structure (Figure 18) that for example has the oversheath of making by suitable polyolefin.Shown among Figure 18 279, cable 227 also can comprise the DC power line of suitable shielding, with drive fan 271 and pump 265.

The present invention has series of advantages.Cooling system cost of the present invention is quite cheap.System can obtain " to separate (split) " up to 30 degree or higher temperature between the air themperature that enters and discharge.System can rely under arid climate can be from solar panel or the DC power supply operation that obtains from wind energy conversion system.Converter can make the unit be access in AC power supplies in off-peak period to be the charging of DC battery supply.Usually the unit can rely on AC power supplies operation less than 20 amperes under peak condition stably.The vortex characteristic of wet type chamber stirs aerial for example pollen, pollutants such as dust necessarily.These pollutants are fallen in the water leg zone of device and can be discharged from, and make the unit also can play air purifier except that air-conditioner.The humidity of system can be regulated by several distinct methods according to the final use of unit.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and to make multiple conversion and remodeling to above-mentioned preferred embodiments more of the present invention.Although in reference to some specific embodiment description of this invention, the case side of heat exchanger is a wet side and to manage side be to do side, those of skill in the art would recognize that from this instruction, also can consider other structures, these structures comprise for example uses wet pipe side and dried case side or the like.Those skilled in the art also can take a hint from this instruction, if necessary, can use the other forms of heat exchanger except that shell-and-tube exchanger.

Under the prerequisite of design that does not exceed claims of the present invention and scope, can retrofit and conversion to described preferred embodiment.Can make a lot of remodeling and conversion to the present invention according to above instruction.Therefore, should be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the present invention can be according to implementing with the specifically described different mode of this specification.

Claims

1. cooling package comprises:

Heat exchanger, this heat exchanger comprise that encirclement and dried side are the casing spare of the wet side of heat exchange relationship, and described side is hermetic seal each other basically;

Be applicable to and make air movement flow through the first air movement spare that described dried side flows with the air that produces cooling;

Be in the liquid distribution member in the described wet side;

Be associated with described wet side, be applicable to from this wet side joint and receive liquid and make described liquid be used for the collecting tank element of described liquid distribution member;

At least two are applicable to that air is moved from different positions flows through described wet side so that produce the other air movement spare of the moistening air mass of air turbulence in described wet side;

The mechanical refrigeration unit of the refrigeration header that comprises compressor and be associated, described refrigeration header is positioned at described collecting tank element so that to being contained in its liquid refrigerating; And

Be positioned at the other refrigeration header of wet side of described encirclement of the described casing spare of described heat exchanger.

2. be used to cool off the cooling package of interior of building, this cooling package comprises:

The chamber of piling up with the forced ventilation evaporative cooling chamber that is placed in central authorities disposes, described forced ventilation evaporative cooling chamber is separated discharge plenum that is positioned at this cooling chamber top and the air plenum that is positioned at this cooling chamber below, this cooling chamber has roof, diapire, sidewall on every side, reaches the described many vertical tedges that enter pumping chamber and discharge plenum of connection, and described diapire forms cooling water water leg zone;

Enter fan, it is indoor that it is positioned at described plenum, and being used for upwards, suction air makes it to produce cooled air stream whereby through connecting the described described many vertical tedges that enter pumping chamber and discharge plenum;

Be positioned at the liquid distribution member of contiguous its roof of described cooling chamber;

Be used for water is pumped into from the described water leg zone of described cooling chamber the pump of described liquid distribution member;

Be installed in a pair of opposed fan on the described cooling chamber sidewall, described fan is used for making air to flow through described cooling chamber so that produce the moistening air mass of turbulent air in described cooling chamber from the motion of different positions;

Be used for discharging the outlet of air from described cooling chamber;

The mechanical refrigeration unit of the refrigeration header that comprises compressor and be associated, described refrigeration header is positioned at the described collecting tank zone of described cooling chamber, so that to being contained in the liquid refrigerating in it; And

Be positioned at described cooling chamber described outlet front portion, be used for making the air bolus of turbulent flow to flow through the other refrigeration header of described outlet dehumidifying.

3. cooling package as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described other refrigeration header is used as the same compressor cooling that described mechanical refrigeration unit is used to cool off the water leg zone of described cooling chamber.

4. cooling package as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described mechanical refrigeration unit also comprises condenser and the conduit that is associated, be used for circulating refrigerant between the high-pressure side of evaporation coil and low-pressure side, the wherein said conduit that is associated has the dropping valve that is installed in wherein, is used for controlling the cold-producing medium stream that flows to described evaporation coil, described dropping valve is opened when the described opposed fan on the sidewall that is installed in described cooling chamber moves, and this dropping valve cut out when described fan was out of service.

5. be used to cool off building inside, have cooled cooling water water leg directly/the indirect evaporation cooling package, this cooling package comprises:

The chamber of piling up with the forced ventilation evaporative cooling chamber that is placed in central authorities disposes, described forced ventilation evaporative cooling chamber is separated discharge plenum that is positioned at this cooling chamber top and the air plenum that is positioned at this cooling chamber below, described cooling chamber, enter the pumping chamber and discharge the pumping chamber and formed and surround the shell-and-tube exchanger that is the wet side of heat exchange relationship with dried side, the basic each other hermetic seal of described side, described cooling chamber has roof, diapire, sidewall on every side, and the tedge of many arranged verticals, described diapire forms the roof of cooling water water leg zone and described air plenum and is used for the lower tube sheet of described tedge, and the roof of described cooling chamber forms the diapire of described discharge plenum and is used for the upper tube sheet of described tedge;

Enter fan, it is indoor that it is positioned at described plenum, and being used for upwards, suction air makes it to produce the cooled air stream from the described dried side of described assembly whereby through connecting described pumping chamber and the described many vertical tedges of discharging the pumping chamber of entering;

Be positioned at the liquid distribution member of the described wet side of contiguous its roof of described cooling chamber;

Be installed in a pair of opposed fan on the described cooling chamber sidewall, described fan is used for making air to flow through described cooling chamber so that produce the moistening air mass of turbulent air in described wet side from the motion of different positions;

Be used for discharging the outlet of air from described cooling chamber;

6. as claimed in claim 5 directly/the indirect evaporation cooling package, wherein, described other refrigeration header is used as the same compressor cooling that described mechanical refrigeration unit is used to cool off the water leg zone of described cooling chamber.

7. as claimed in claim 6 directly/the indirect evaporation cooling package, wherein, described mechanical refrigeration unit also comprises condenser and the conduit that is associated, be used for circulating refrigerant between the high-pressure side of evaporation coil and low-pressure side, the wherein said conduit that is associated has the dropping valve that is installed in wherein, is used for controlling the cold-producing medium stream that flows to described evaporation coil, described dropping valve is opened when the described opposed fan on the sidewall that is installed in described cooling chamber moves, and this dropping valve cut out when described fan was out of service.

8. as claimed in claim 5 directly/the indirect evaporation cooling package, wherein, described cooling package is located in the building that needs with ceiling and loft are cooled, wherein said building is equipped with the automatic ceiling ventilating opening of at least one energy opening and closing, so that air enters loft from building, described loft has the discharging ventilating opening of the air that is used for discharging described loft, can periodically discharge the still air in the building whereby.

9. as claimed in claim 8 directly/the indirect evaporation cooling package, wherein, opposed fan on described cooling chamber has fan inlet, wherein at least one described fan inlet with lead to building outside so that outside air flows into the pipeline of described cooling chamber is connected.

10. as claimed in claim 5 directly/the indirect evaporation cooling package, wherein, the described water leg zone of described cooling chamber links to each other with discharge tube, so that discharging is collected in the interior pollutant of the water that retains in the described water leg zone.

11. as claimed in claim 5 directly/the indirect evaporation cooling package, wherein, other pipeline connects described air plenum and described cooling chamber, and described pipeline has the temperature autocontrol valve that is installed in wherein, so that the air stream of control from described air plenum to described cooling chamber.